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Radiology interpretation
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![Page 1: Radiology interpretation](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042615/55a6a4061a28ab91148b4609/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Patient: 5 year old, male, Labrador dog (31 kg)
Presenting complaint:•Anorexia and persistent vomition (greenish black) for last 6 days
Haematobiochemical profile: TLC - moderately elevated with neutrophilia
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Radiograph
Hyperechoic surface of foreign body with high acoustic impedence
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BILE REGURGITATION
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•Endoscopic view
Stone (foreign body)
Reverse flow of bile
Severe gastritis
Jejunotomy
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Diagnostic Imaging in Diagnostic Imaging in Vety PracticeVety Practice
Dr Adarsh KumarDr Adarsh KumarAssociate Professor ( Surgery and Radiology)Associate Professor ( Surgery and Radiology)
andand Visiting Professor, Tripoli University, LibyaVisiting Professor, Tripoli University, Libya
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Lets talk about only two feasible modalities Lets talk about only two feasible modalities from point of view of application in Field.from point of view of application in Field.
1.1.RadiographyRadiography2.2.UltrasonogrphyUltrasonogrphy
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Radiographic positioningRadiographic positioning
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HUMERUS- LATERAL PROJECTION
CENTRAL RAY- THROUGH THE CENTER OF THE HUMERUS
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RADIUS & ULNA - CRCD PROJECTION
CENTRAL RAY- THROUGH THE CENTER OF THE RADIUS AND ULNA
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FEMUR- LATERAL PROJECTION
CENTRAL RAY- THROUGH THE CENTER OF THE FEMUR
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ABDOMEN- LATERAL PROJECTION
CENTRAL RAY- THROUGH THE CENTER OF L3
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CHEST- LATERAL PROJECTION
CENTRAL RAY- THROUGH THE 6TH RIB
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CHEST- VENTRODORSAL PROJECTION
CENTRAL RAY- THROUGH THE 6TH RIB
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INTERPRETATION OF INTERPRETATION OF RADIOGRAPHSRADIOGRAPHS
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Five Radiographic OpacitiesFive Radiographic Opacities
AirAir Fat Fat Soft tissue Soft tissue bone bone metalmetal
least opaque to most opaquemost lucent to least lucentBlack to White
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Air Fat Soft Tissue Bone Surgical PinAir Fat Soft Tissue Bone Surgical PinRadiolucent <–––––––––––––––––––––––––RadiopaqueRadiolucent <–––––––––––––––––––––––––Radiopaque
Tissue/objectTissue/object
GasGas
FatFat
Soft tissue/fluidSoft tissue/fluid
BoneBone
Metal (lead)Metal (lead)
RELATIVE RADIODENSITIES
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Object and its posit ion relative to the fi lm and x-ray beam Object and its posit ion relative to the fi lm and x-ray beam
Metatarsal shaft
Radiographs of an ink bottle with applicator brush in two views perpendicular to one another
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Unfamiliar image of a familiar objectUnfamiliar image of a familiar object
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Unfamiliar image of a familiar objectUnfamiliar image of a familiar object
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Anteroposterior and lateral views of a distal f ibular fracture. Anteroposterior and lateral views of a distal f ibular fracture.
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in different position (A) flat, (B) oblique and (C) on its edge
Radiographic appearances of a coin
A B C
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Radiologic interpretationRadiologic interpretation
► Viewing the radiographViewing the radiograph ► Three-dimensional conceptThree-dimensional concept
► Routine assessment of radiographsRoutine assessment of radiographs
► Every shadow visible must be evaluated Every shadow visible must be evaluated
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Description of radiologic Description of radiologic abnormalit ies abnormalit ies (roentgen signs)(roentgen signs)► Changes in size of an organ or structureChanges in size of an organ or structure ► Variation in contour or shapeVariation in contour or shape ► Variation in number of organsVariation in number of organs ► Change in position of an organ or structureChange in position of an organ or structure ► Alteration in opacity of an organ or structureAlteration in opacity of an organ or structure ► Alteration in the architectural pattern of an organ Alteration in the architectural pattern of an organ
or structureor structure ► Alteration in the normal function of an organAlteration in the normal function of an organ
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Normal ThoraxNormal Thorax
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Lt. atrium
aorta
Cran. VCRt. ventricle Left Venticle
Trachea Diaphragm
CVC
lungs
lungs
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CARDIAC ENLARGEMENT ?CARDIAC ENLARGEMENT ?
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VERTEBRAL HEART SCALE (VHS)VERTEBRAL HEART SCALE (VHS)Long axis=6V Short axis=5V Long axis=6V Short axis=5V
VHS=6+5=11VHS=6+5=11Normal Range = 9.5-11.0Normal Range = 9.5-11.0This size,11.0 vertebrae, was considered to be at the high end of This size,11.0 vertebrae, was considered to be at the high end of the normal range.the normal range.
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Bronchial pulmonary pattern Bronchial pulmonary pattern Increased radiopacity centered around Increased radiopacity centered around bronchi ("donuts"). Prominent longitudinal bronchi ("donuts"). Prominent longitudinal peribronchial opacities. Pulmonary vessel peribronchial opacities. Pulmonary vessel margins indistinct.margins indistinct.Flattened diaphragm outline and increased Flattened diaphragm outline and increased distance between heart and diaphragm distance between heart and diaphragm denotes pulmonary hyperinflationdenotes pulmonary hyperinflation
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METASTATIC PULMONARY DISEASEMETASTATIC PULMONARY DISEASE
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FUNGAL INFECTIONSFUNGAL INFECTIONSThoracic blastomycosis, radiographic pattern, dogThoracic blastomycosis, radiographic pattern, dog
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LYMPHOMALYMPHOMAThere is increased soft t issue opacity and widening of There is increased soft t issue opacity and widening of the cranial mediastinum. The trachea is elevated cranial the cranial mediastinum. The trachea is elevated cranial to the heart. There is also a broad-based soft t issue to the heart. There is also a broad-based soft t issue opacity dorsal to the second sternebra. There are opacity dorsal to the second sternebra. There are mult i focal, irregular mineral opacit ies throughout the mult i focal, irregular mineral opacit ies throughout the lung that represent pulmonary osteomas. lung that represent pulmonary osteomas.
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L2
Normal Abdomen
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stomach
diaphragm
Left lateral recumbent projection of abdomen
Left kidney
spleenliver
colon
Intestinal loops
bladder
Skin margin
L2
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Impacted bowelImpacted bowel
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AscitisAscit is
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Bladder stonesBladder stones
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RENAL RENAL ENLARGEMENTENLARGEMENT
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Geriatric changesGeriatric changesspodylosis
Calcification of cartilages
Hepatization
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lumbar2
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spine
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A ventrodorsal radiograph of a canine A ventrodorsal radiograph of a canine pelvis showing radiographically normal pelvis showing radiographically normal coxofemoral jointscoxofemoral joints
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Dislocated hipDislocated hip
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Arthrit ic spineArthrit ic spine
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Hip Dysplasia
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Hip Dysplasia and luxation
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OSSIFYING FIBROMAOSSIFYING FIBROMA
Fibrous t issue invading the bony t issue giving rise to lysis
Metastasis in lungs
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Sun burst appearanceSun burst appearanceOsteosarcomaOsteosarcoma
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Stages of fracture repairStages of fracture repair
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NON UNIONNON UNION