Radio Merit Badge Part Two. Radio Merit Badge Each scout must have their own answer sheet Each scout...

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Radio Merit Radio Merit Badge Badge Part Two Part Two

Transcript of Radio Merit Badge Part Two. Radio Merit Badge Each scout must have their own answer sheet Each scout...

Radio Merit Radio Merit BadgeBadgePart TwoPart Two

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Each scout must have their own

answer sheet • Each scout fills in their name and

unit/troop number on each page of answer sheet.

• Each scout fill in the instructors names and telephone numbers on the first page.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• The last page of the answer sheet is

a QSO log• You must get five QSO’s• There are HAMS around camp, ask

them for help• They will set up a QSO and fill in your

QSO log

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Draw eight schematic symbols. • Explain what three of the

represented parts do.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit BadgeFuse

Contains a thin wire which is made to break which protects the rest of the circuit from damage if there is too much current, like from a short circuit.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Battery - Stores electric energy

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Resistor - Resists the flow of electric

current, reducing its flow

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Variable Resistor

– Like a regular resistor, but adjustable. For example, the volume knob on your stereo.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Earth Ground

– A connection between the equipment (radio) and the earth, usually through a copper pipe driven into the soil.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Chassis Ground

– A connection of the negative side of the electronic circuit to the chassis, or steel frame, of the equipment.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Capacitor

– Gets and stores an electric charge. Lets alternating current (AC - like in your house) flow but stops direct current (DC - like from a battery).

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Variable Capacitor

– Same as a regular capacitor, but adjustable

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge– NPN Transistor– Amplifies a current.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge– PNP Transistor– Amplifies a current.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Coil, also called a choke, it works the

opposite of a capacitor. It lets DC flow but stops AC.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge– Tube. A vacuum tube made of glass with wire filaments inside.

Amplifies a current. It has been replaced by transistors in most home equipment, but is still found in some high power radio transmitters.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge– Antenna– Sends radio frequency signals into the

air.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• SPST Switch• Single-pole single-throw switch. Has

two positions, on and off. Like most light switches

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge– DPDT Switch. – Double-pole double-throw switch. A

double-throw switch has three positions. It can switch one input to one of two outputs - sort of like the switch you put on your television to switch between watching TV and playing your video game. The double-pole means it can switch a pair of inputs to either of two pairs of outputs.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Find three electrical components to

match to three of these symbols.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Find three electrical components to

match to three of these symbols.• Go through the parts, Show us

three. Tell Us what they are.• We will initial your worksheet

when done.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain the safety precautions for

working with radio gear

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Working on radios can be dangerous not only

because they use electricity but also because radio frequencies themselves can cause burns if you touch an antenna when someone is transmitting. Some general safety rules follow but these are not a complete safety guide and are given only to assist in passing this merit badge requirement. PLEASE DON'T DO ANY WORK ON ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT YOURSELF until you have learned from someone more experienced. Also, remember it is illegal to work on radio transmitters without a license.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Electrical shock can hurt or kill you -

make sure the power is disconnected before working.

• Unplug and disconnect.• Even with the power off, some

parts inside the radio can hold a dangerous charge. If you don't know for sure what you are doing, get help.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Radio Frequency (RF) can burn you

badly - keep antennas out of reach of people and animals.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge

• RF radiation can be unhealthy - don't use a radio when it is not completely assembled. The case keeps the RF radiation in.

•Metal boxes are used in the transmitter to keep the RF in.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Make sure the antennas can't touch

any power lines or you could be electrocuted when using the radio.

• Be careful working on towers and roofs so you don't fall or hurt someone on the ground.– Use Hard hats, safety belts.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• including the concept of grounding

for direct current circuits,

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• including the concept of grounding

for direct current circuits,• The low voltage side of a circuit.

The negative side of a battery.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• And power outlets

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• And power outlets• Early developers of electrical systems theorized that

the earth was an electrically neutral body, i.e. an equal number of negative and positive charges are distributed throughout the earth at any given time. Being electrically neutral, earth is considered to be at zero potential and establishes a convenient reference frame for voltage measurements. Noting that voltmeters read only the difference in potential between two points, absolute measurements can be made by using earth as a reference.

• A true earth ground, as defined by the National Electrical Code, physically consists of a conductive pipe or rod driven into the earth to a minimum depth of 8 feet.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• and antenna systems

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• and antenna systems• Lightning can hit your antenna and

travel down your lines to the radio. Make sure your antenna and radio are grounded to a good earth ground.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Visit a radio installation

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Visit a radio installation • We have one here.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Discuss what types of equipment you

saw in use, how it was used• Transceiver• Used for HF contacts

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Discuss what types of equipment you

saw in use, how it was used• Microphone• Used to input voice into

transceiver

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Discuss what types of equipment you

saw in use, how it was used• Antenna• Used to radiate radio wave

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Discuss what types of equipment you

saw in use, how it was used• HT• Miniature transceiver with

low power, built in microphone and antenna. Used for VHF/UHF.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• What types of licenses are required

to operate and maintain the equipment

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• What types of licenses are required

to operate and maintain the equipment

• FCC issued Amateur Radio License

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• the purpose of the station.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• the purpose of the station. • A hobby station used for fun

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• the purpose of the station. • A hobby station used for fun

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Find out about three career

opportunities in radio. – Let’s talk

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• On Air Personality

– Disc Jockey– News reporter– Traffic reporter– Usually Journalism majors.– Requires good language skills

Start out in low population markets and work up.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Engineer Electrical / Electronic

Degree is a start/Varies by specialization. Local codes may require PE.Usually requires a

sponsorship or apprenticeship

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Tower Technician

– On the job training for lower levels.

– BS wanted– Requires travel and work in

hostile environments.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Discuss this with us, and explain

why this profession might interest you.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Tell why the FCC has an amateur

radio service

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Tell why the FCC has an amateur

radio service • 1. Volunteer service (community

service and disasters). A Scout does a good turn daily - here's another way.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Tell why the FCC has an amateur

radio service • 2. Experimentation. If you want

you can build your own radio equipment, and many hams build their own antennas. Some hams have come up with new inventions..

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Tell why the FCC has an amateur

radio service • 3. Communication skills. And,

because only one person can talk at a time, you learn how to listen, too.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Tell why the FCC has an amateur

radio service • 4. Self-training. You can learn

by doing.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Tell why the FCC has an amateur

radio service • 5. International goodwill. A

great way to talk to people in far away lands.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

• Jamboree On The Air (JOTA) is the third weekend every October when Scouts all over the world talk to each other on ham radio.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

• DX - Lots of hams like to talk to other hams around the world and collect postcards called QSL cards to prove they did it. It's a great way to have fun and learn about geography.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

• Contests are held many weekends when you try to contact as many people from a certain place or in a certain way.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

• Service at parades & special events. Ham radio operators are often the best people to help with communication at large community events, from small carnivals all the way to the Tournament of Roses Parade.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

• Disasters - Hams are often called on to help during fires, floods, earthquakes, and other disasters. At these times, telephone lines and cell phone sites are often damaged or overloaded, and ham radio is the only reliable communication.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

• Skywarn - Part of the National Weather Service, uses amateur radio to report severe weather conditions.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

• Packet radio - Some hams hook their computers to their radios so they can send electronic messages, sort of like wireless e-mail.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

• Camping communications are easy even in the backcountry when you need to get help or just let the folks back home know how things are going.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Describe some of the activities that

amateur radio operators can do on the air, once they have earned an amateur radio license.

• Nets - Where hams of a like interest can exchange information, pass traffic and get furthur training.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Using proper call signs, Q signals, and

abbreviations, carry on a 10 minute real or simulated radio contact using voice, Morse Code, or digital mode. (Licensed amateur radio operators may substitute five QSL cards as evidence of contacts with amateur radio operators from at least three different call districts.) Properly log the real or simulated ham radio contact and record the signal report.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Let’s do it right now….

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain at least five Q signals or

amateur radio terms you hear while listening.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain at least five Q signals or amateur radio

terms you hear while listening.• QRM Man-made interference• QRN Natural noise or interference• QRP Low Power (< five watts) • QRS Slow down Morse code speed• QRT Quitting - off the air • QSB Signal is fading• QSL Acknowledge receipt (card) • QSO Conversation ("cue-so")• QSY Change frequency • QTH Location (think H for Home)

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain at least five Q signals or amateur radio

terms you hear while listening.• Log Record of QSOs • CW Morse code (means Continuous Wave)• DX Distant (foreign stations) • CQ Calling any station ("seek you")• OM Old man (male ham) • YL Young lady (female ham)• Rig Radio• Shack Room the radio is in• HI Laugh in Morse code • 73, 88 Best regards, love and kisses

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain some of the differences

between the Technician,

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• The Technician Class license is the entry

level license. There is just one 35 question multiple choice test on theory, rules, and procedures. There is no Morse code requirement. This license gives full VHF & UHF use so you can communicate around town and use repeaters, but you cannot use some of the HF bands which are used for world-wide contacts. This merit badge covers part of what is on the license test. Books are available with all the possible questions and answers.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain some of the differences

between the General

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• The General Class license is the middle level

license. There is just one 35 question multiple choice test on theory, rules, and procedures. This test is more advanced that the required Technician test. This license gives full VHF & UHF and some HF use. You can communicate around town and use repeaters. You can also use some of the HF bands which are used for world-wide contacts. This merit badge covers part of what is on the license test. Books are available with all the possible questions and answers.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain some of the differences

between the Extra Class license requirements and privileges.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• The Extra Class license is the highest level

license. There is just one 50 question multiple choice test on theory, rules, and procedures. This test is more advanced that the required General test. This license gives full VHF, UHF and HF use. You can communicate around town and use repeaters. You can also use all of the HF bands which are used for world-wide contacts. This merit badge covers part of what is on the license test. Books are available with all the possible questions and answers.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• The Extra Class license is the highest level

license. There is just one 50 question multiple choice test on theory, rules, and procedures. This test is more advanced that the required General test. This license gives full VHF, UHF and HF use. You can communicate around town and use repeaters. You can also use all of the HF bands which are used for world-wide contacts. This merit badge covers part of what is on the license test. Books are available with all the possible questions and answers.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain who administers amateur

radio exams.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain who administers amateur

radio exams.• The tests are given by volunteer

examiners. (Your merit badge counselor or the ARRL can help you find a test.)

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain how you would make an

emergency call on voice or Morse code.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain how you would make an

emergency call on voice or Morse code. • Speak clearly and give complete

information, just like when you make a 911 telephone call. Remember to give the correct location of the emergency because the person you are helping on the radio may be in another state or even in another country!

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain how you would make an

emergency call on voice or Morse code.

• "MAYDAY" is the international word for requesting help by radio. However, it is probably easier and less confusing to just say "EMERGENCY."

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain how you would make an

emergency call on voice or Morse code. • Just because you have a radio doesn't

mean someone will be able to hear you. You might have to climb higher up a hill. (This is especially true for FRS radios and cell phones, which don't have has much power as ham radios.)

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain how you would make an

emergency call on voice or Morse code.

• In Morse code you would send SOS (di-di-dit-dah-dah-dah-di-di-dit) and give the same information. (The code should be sent slow enough for the other person to understand you.)

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain the differences between

handheld transceivers

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain the differences between

handheld transceivers • Handheld radios (HT): Small, light,

portable, but not much power. Some can fit in your pocket. With repeaters they can be quite useful, and they can go on your hike easily.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• and home "base" transceivers

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• and home "base" transceivers • Base radios: More power, easier to

use, more features

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain the uses of mobile amateur

radio transceivers

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Explain the uses of mobile amateur

radio transceivers • Mobile radios: More power. That HT

antenna doesn't work well inside car.

• Able to be used anywhere a car can go.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• and amateur radio repeaters.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• and amateur radio repeaters. • Repeaters: Located on high points

(Mountains, tall buildings) to automatically relay signals. Some have connections to the telephone system.

Radio Merit BadgeRadio Merit Badge• Which kind of radio is best?

– It depends on what you want to do. You aren't going to go backpacking with a base radio, but that base radio will let you talk farther away when you are at home.