Radiation Pollution
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Transcript of Radiation Pollution
FAMOUS INCIDENCES OF
RADIATION POLLUTION:-
RADIATION POLLUTION:
•“any form of ionizing or non-ionizing
radiation that results from human activities”
SOURCES OF RADIATION POLLUTION:
• Nuclear explosions and detonations of nuclear weapons .
• Defense weapon production .
• Nuclear waste handling and disposal .
• Mining .• Nuclear accidents .
CYCLE OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS:
1.Chernobyl: Russian nuclear power plant explosion
• On april 26,1986.• flawed Soviet reactor design as well
as mistakes made by the untrained operators of the plant
• An uncontrolled build-up of heat - meltdown of the reactor core -combustion of graphite moderator material .
• released more than 50 million Curies of radioactivity.
• More than 50,000 people exposed to high dose of radiation.
The Reactor After the Explosion
After the explosion, most of the plant is still standing. Some might think from this picture that the disaster wasn’t all that bad, but what makes the Chernobyl disaster the worst in history is the sheer volume of radioactive materials that where spewed across the continents.
Radiations emitted:
plutonium Cancers and blood disorders
Cesium 137 Absorbed by muscles
Iodine 131
Thyroid cancer
Strontium 90
leukaemia
AFTERMATHS:• Stillbirths, miscarriages,
infant mortality• Thyroid cancer • Psychological diseases
correlate with levels of radioactive pollution
• Cataracts being a common disease
• Urogenital illnesses• Diseases of cardiovascular
system and blood• Dental diseases in
children
Children of ChernobylA father holding his son
before radiotherapy
A child with a scar from brain surgery
an orphan
Mentally handicapped children in abandoned
houses.
Chernobyl Memorials
A memorial to the firefighters who died after trying to stop the fires that
engulfed the plant. They weren’t even told there was
radioactivity.
A memorial to all of those who died at Chernobyl
2.The gulf war :-• In August 1990 Iraqi
forces invaded Kuwait, starting the Gulf War in which an allegiance of 34 nations worldwide was involved.
• Radiations emitted from oil spills in Persian gulf.
• Casualities were from 35000 to 60000
AFTERMATH:
Gulf war syndrome
•Chronic fatigue
•Aching muscles
•Skin rashes •Memo
ry loss
•miscarriages
•Birth defects
3.The love canal chemical waste dump:
• In 1920 Hooker Chemical had turned an area in Niagara Falls into a municipal and chemical disposal site.
• In 1953 the site was filled and relatively modern methods were applied to cover it.
• Blocks of homes and a school were built and the neighbourhood was named Love Canal.
AFTERMATH:
Toxic carcinogenic TCDD
Continous illness
Birth defects
Skin irritant
narcosis
Respiratory distress
Renal damage
4.Bhopal: the Union Carbide gas leak
• December 3, 1984 a poisonous gas cloud escaped from the Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL) pesticide factory.
• The cloud contained 15 metric tons of methyl isocyanate, covering an area of more than 30 square miles .
AFTERMATH:
•OEDEMA •CHRONIC DISEASES
•NERVOUS SYSTEM FAILURE
•LIVER AND KIDNEY DISEASES
•CANCER
6.THREE MILE ISLAND:• The accident at
Three Mile Island in 1979 .
• caused by a combination of equipment failure and the inability of plant operators to understand the reactor's condition.
• Uranium emitted in atmosphere.
AFTERMATH:
• Radiation form of iodine.• Affects thyroid gland.• Children have much
smaller thyroid gland.• More energy per gram =
higher dose.• Milk is the main route of
contamination.
Iodine - 131
INCREASE IN INFANT DEATH hypothyroidi
sm
METALLIC TASTE
HAIR LOSS ERYTHEM
A
7.FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR PLANT:• 11 MARCH,2011.2:46 M.9.0 Giant
Earthquake hit the North East part of Japan• Fukushima nuclear power plant was
damaged by the Tsunami• 8,649 dead • 13,262 missing • 350,000+ evacuees
Fukusima
radiation pollution•Chernobyl happened during the atomic fission,
• Fukushima shutdown its atomic fission immediately.Meltdown hasn’t happened at Fukushima yet. It is NOT similar to Chernobyl
•More like Three Mile Island accident–Loss of Coolant Accident, LOCA–Still in dangerous condition but under control–Residents were exposed to 0.01-1mSv
8.Seveso: Italian dioxin crisis
• On July 10, 1976 an explosion occurred in a TCP reactor in the chemical company in Meda, Italy.
• A toxic cloud escaped into the atmosphere containing high concentrations of TCDD, a highly toxic form of dioxin.
AFTERMATH OF RADIATION POLLUTION:
• chloracne
•Thyroid malfunctioning
•Genetic impairments
•Sensitivity of immune system