Rad - U2 - pride of Ireland

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1. INTRODUCTION1. INTRODUCTION

U2 is Irish rock music band, which achieved worldwide popularity during the 1980s and

1990s. Four students formed the group in 1977 at a high school in Dublin, Ireland: vocalist

Paul Hewson, known as Bono; guitarist David Evans, known as The Edge; bassist Adam

Clayton; and drummer Larry Mullen, Jr. The band won a school talent contest in 1978, began

playing in local clubs, and in 1980 released its debut album, Boy. The group began touring

internationally the following year and earned a small, underground following in Britain and

the United States. Their third album, War, was released in 1983 and became internationally

successful.

With the albums The Unforgettable Fire (1984) and, especially, The Joshua Tree (1987), U2

became one of the most popular and respected bands in rock music. Such songs as Where the

Streets Have No Name and I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For established a style

both grand and introspective, colored by Bono's yearning vocals and The Edge's innovative,

ringing guitar. U2 subsequently grew famous for its commitment to political causes, including

prominent support for international human rights. The band's 1988 release, Rattle and Hum

(also the title of a documentary film about the band), was marked by uncharacteristicexplorations of folk music and blues.

U2 reinvented itself with the albums Achtung Baby (1991) and Zooropa (1993), sparking

renewed popular and critical excitement, while returning to its underground roots with good-

humored self-mockery and a dark, intricate sound. In 1997, the group released Pop, an album

influenced by electronic and dance music. The band proved its continuing popularity and

relevance with All That You Can't Leave Behind(2000), a critical and commercial hit thatechoed their 1980s work. The band's twelfth album No Line on the Horizon, completed in

December 2008, was released on 2 March 2009. U2 has won numerous Grammy Awards.

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2. HISTORY2. HISTORY

2.1 Formation and early years (19761979)

Indisputably, one of the most popular rock 'n' roll acts in the world, Irish unit U2 began their

musical career at school in Dublin back in 1977. Fourteen-year-old Larry Mullen Jr. posted a

notice on his secondary school bulletin board seeking musicians for a new band. He wanted to

form a band because he was bored of playing on his own. At this time, Paul Hewson was

working in a petrol station where he scribbled songs when he could. He saw the note and

wanted to be in a band.The response that followed that note resulted in five boys attending

the initial practice in Larry's kitchen. Known for about a day as "The Larry Mullen Band,"

Larry's group featured Mullen on drums, Adam Clayton on bass guitar, Paul Hewson (Bono)

on vocals, Dave Evans (The Edge) on guitar, his brother Dik Evans on guitar, the group

formed as a Beatles and Rolling Stones cover band called the Feedback. Shortly afterward,

Dick Evans left the band to form his own. Then they changed their name to The Hype

before finally settling on U2 in 1978. After winning a talent contest in Limerick, Ireland

that year, they came under the wing of manager Paul McGuinness and were subsequently

signed to CBS Records Ireland. In September 1979, U2 released its first single, an Irish-only

release called "U2:3, which topped the national charts. In December 1979, U2 performed inLondon for their first shows outside Ireland, although they failed to get much attention from

audiences or critics. (Picture 1 - U2 in 1979: (left to right) Clayton, Mullen, Bono, Edge)

Picture 1 - U2 in 1979: (left to right) Clayton, Mullen, Bono, Edge

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2.2 Boy, October, and War (19801983)2.2 Boy, October, and War (19801983)

Island Records signed U2 to its first international contract in March 1980. The first album to

come from that agreement was Boy, released in October of that year. Although Bono's lyrics

were unfocused and seemingly improvised, a common theme was the dreams and frustrations

of adolescence. Boy's release was followed by U2's first tour of continental Europe and theUnited States.

The band's second album, October, was released in 1981 and contained spiritual themes,

especially in songs such as "With a Shout" and "Gloria":

Oh, Lord, if I had anything

Anything at all, I'd give it to you

Of the four band members, only Adam Clayton was not an admitted Christian. During the

album's recording sessions, Bono and The Edge left the band due to spiritual conflicts, and

U2 ceased to exist for a brief period. Bono, The Edge, and Mullen had joined a Christian

group in Dublin called the 'Shalom Fellowship', which led them to question the relationship

between the Christian faith and the rock and roll lifestyle. The album received mixed reviews

and limited radio play. It did not sell well outside of the UK, which put pressure on their

contract with Island Records and focused the band on improvement.

U2 enjoyed its first international success with the 1983 release ofWar, U2's third album. Forthe first time, Bono addressed the long-standing "troubles" in Northern Ireland with the song

"Sunday, Bloody Sunday". Fearful to be seen as taking one side over another, he insisted on

introducing the song during concerts by saying, "This is NOT a rebel song!", and wrapped

himself in a white flag while he sang it, to symbolize the song's call for peace (Picture 2 -

Bono performs in Norway during the War Tourin 1983). Rolling Stone magazine wrote that

the song showed the band was capable of deep and meaningful songwriting.

Wardebuted at number one in the UK, and its first single, "New Year's Day", was U2's firstlegitimate hit single, reaching the #10 spot on the UK charts and almost cracking the Top 50

in the U.S. The success ofWarand Under a Blood Red Sky allowed U2 to renegotiate their

record deal with Island Records, and the band gained control that is more creative and

financial rewards for the future.

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Picture 2 - Bono performs in Norway during the War Tourin1983.

2.32.3 The Unforgettable FireThe Unforgettable Fire andand Live AidLive Aid(19841985)(19841985)

Just when it appeared U2 had found the formula for success, they took off in an entirely new

direction. For their fourth studio album, they chose Brian Eno and Daniel Lanois to produce

it. 1984's The Unforgettable Fire introduced the world to a new U2, a more experimental and

unfocused. The band's social and political messages stayed alive in songs such as "Pride (In

the Name of Love)", which was written for Martin Luther King, Jr., and the "Bad", written in

response to the struggles Bono's friends had with drugs in Dublin. While "Bad" quickly

became a highlight of the bands live set, "Pride" took U2 up another rung on the charts. The

single cracked the UK Top 5 and the U.S. Top 50. The tour that supported The Unforgettable

Fire saw U2 expanding its itinerary to more countries than ever before, and saw them playing

to sold out sports arenas in the U.S. for the first time. Rolling Stone magazine named U2 its

"Band of the 80s," suggesting that "for a growing number of rock-and-roll fans, U2 has

become the band that matters most, maybe even the only band that matters."

Picture 3 - U2's performance at Live Aidwas a turning point in their career

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More than a billion people worldwide saw The Live Aid(Picture 3 - U2's performance at Live

Aid was a turning point in their career) concert for Ethiopian famine relief in July 1985.

Although U2 was not expected to be one of the main draws for the event, the band stole the

show with a 13-minute version of 'Bad' in which Bono left the stage and walked down into the

Wembley Stadium crowd to dance with a fan.

2.4 The Joshua Tree2.4 The Joshua Tree andandRattle and Hum (19861989)Rattle and Hum (19861989)

Motivated by friendships with Bob Dylan, Van Morrison, and Keith Richards, Bono focused

on his skills as a song and lyric writer. The band explored American blues, country, and

gospel music. For their fifth album, the band wanted to build on The Unforgettable Fire's

atmospherics, but instead of its out-of-focus tracks, they sought a harder-hitting sound within

the strict discipline of conventional song structures. U2 interrupted their 1986 album sessions

to serve as a headline act on Amnesty International'sA Conspiracy of Hope tour, but rather

than be a distraction, the tour added extra intensity and power to their new music. In his 1986

travels to San Salvadorand Nicaragua, Bono saw the distress of peasants bullied in internal

conflicts subject to American political intervention. This first-hand experience later became a

central influence on the new music.

The Joshua Tree was released in March 1987. It became the fastest-selling album in British

chart history, and was number one for nine weeks in the United States. It won U2 their first

two Grammy Awards. The album's first single, "With or Without You" and the rhythmic

gospel "I Still Haven't Found What I'm Looking For", quickly went to number one in the U.S.

The album brought U2 a new level of success and is cited by Rolling Stone as one of rocks

greatest. The Joshua Tree Tour was the first during which the band played numerous

stadium shows alongside smaller arena shows.

Just as U2 chronicled their first taste of international success, some five years earlier with

Under a Blood Red Sky, the band set out to document their latest run at stardom with Rattle

and Hum. The project, a combination big-screen documentary and double album, paid tribute

in words, music, and pictures to some of the American music pioneers that had influenced U2

in its rise to the top.

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On Rattle and Hum, U2 played with B.B. King and at the legendary Sun Studios in Memphis.

They wrote with Bob Dylan, sang about blues great Billie Holiday, and covered The Beatles.

In addition, for many critics, U2 had gone too far. Rattle and Hum was widely praised as a

rock movie, but critics for being pretentious and excessive, roundly discarded the project. U2

decided to stay away from the public eye for a while. The brief "Lovetown" tour of late 1989

lasted less than four months, and steered clear of North America.

2.5 Achtung Baby,Achtung Baby, Zoo TVZoo TV,, andand Zooropa (19901993)Zooropa (19901993)

Buzzwords on this record were trashy, throwaway, dark, sexy, and industrial (all good) and

earnest, polite, sweet, righteous, rockistand linear(all bad). It was good if a song took you on

a journey or made you think your hifi was broken, bad if it reminded you of recording studios

or U2...Berlin became a conceptual backdrop for the record. The Berlin of the Thirties

decadent, sexual and dark - resonating against the Berlin of the Nineties - reborn, chaotic and

optimistic...

Brian Eno on the recording ofAchtung Baby

Picture 4 - Achtung Baby front

In November 1991, U2 released their seventh studio album, Achtung Baby (Picture 4 -

Achtung Baby front). Achtung Baby incorporated dance, industrial, and alternative rock

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influences of the time. Commercially and critically, it has been one of the band's most

successful albums. It is U2's most adventurous album, bringing industrial guitars, feedback,

altered vocals, and electronic dance beats into the mix. This was U2's most eclectic record to

date, yet fans and critics welcomed it with almost universal praise. Rather than paying

homage to the past, U2 were experimenting again, introducing new sounds and textures,

pushing new limits and moving ahead on their own terms. Instead of addressing the world's

problems, Bono's lyrics were as introspective and intimate as he had ever written before.

The band initially worked on Achtung Baby in East Berlin, seeking inspiration and renewal on

the eve of German reunification. Daniel Lanois produced the album with assistance from

Brian Eno. In the Berlin sessions, conflict arose within the band over the quality of material

and musical direction. While Adam and Larry preferred a sound similar to U2's previous

work, Bono and The Edge were inspired by alternative and European dance music and wanted

a change. Weeks of slow progress, arguments, and tension subsided when the band ralliedaround a chord progression The Edge had written, creating the song "One".

Picture 5 Zoo TV Tour

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The Zoo TV Tour of 19921993 was amultimediaevent, and showcased an extravagant but

intentionally bewildering array of hundreds of video screens, upside-down flying Trabant

cars, mock transmission towers, satellite TV links, subliminal messages, and Bono's over-

the-top stage characters such as "The Fly", "Mirror-Ball Man", and "(Mister) MacPhisto"

(Picture 5 Zoo TV Tour). The extravagant shows were intentionally in contrast to the

previous U2 tours, and mocked the excesses of rock and roll by appearing to embrace these

very excesses.

Prank phone calls were made to President Bush, the United Nations, and others. Live satellite

uplinks to war-torn Sarajevo caused controversy. During a break in the nearly two-year Zoo

TV tour, U2 went back into the studio to work on ideas they first developed during the tour.

These sessions resulted in Zooropa, the band's 7th studio album, released in July 1993.

Zooropa took the experimentalism of Achtung Baby and multiplied it exponentially. "Numb"

was the album's first single, featured Edge on lead vocals reciting a monotone list ofadmonitions over a repetitive guitar riff. Nevertheless, like its predecessor, the album still

managed to dominate the charts (admittedly for a shorter time than Achtung Baby did) and

provided even more material for the remainder of their world tour.

2.6 Passengers, Pop, PopMartPassengers, Pop, PopMart andand All That You Can't LeaveAll That You Can't Leave

BehindBehind (19941999)19941999)

U2 took an extended break after the Zoo TV tour, working quietly on projects for the Batman

Forever and Mission: Impossible soundtracks. In 1995, U2 released an experimental album

called Original Soundtracks 1 / Passengers. The single "Miss Sarajevo featuring Luciano

Pavarotti, which Bono cites as one of his favorite U2 songs, was a hit.

On 1997's Pop, U2 continued experimenting; tape loops, programming, rhythm sequencing,

and sampling provided much of the album with heavy, funky dance rhythms. Released in

March, the album debuted at number one in 35 countries, and drew mainly positive reviews.

Rolling Stone, for example, stated that U2 had "defied the odds and made some of the greatest

music of their lives." Others felt that the album was a major disappointment and sales were

poor compared to previous U2 releases. Bono admitted that the album "didn't communicate

the way it was intended to".

The next tour, PopMart, began in April 1997.. Like Zoo TV, it featured advertising influences

and intended to send a sarcastic message to those accusing U2 of commercialism. A highlight

of the tour was a concert in Sarajevo where U2 were the first major group to perform

following the Bosnian War. Larry Mullen, Jr. described the concert as "an experience I will

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never forget for the rest of my life, and if I had to spend 20 years in the band just to play that

show, and have done that, I think it would have been worthwhile."

After PopMart, U2 remained in the public eye by throwing the band's weight behind the

Northern Ireland Peace Accord. They played a brief concert in Belfast in May 1998, three

days before the public voted in favor of the agreement (Picture 12 U2 before concert in

Belfast in May 1998). Later that year, U2 would perform on Irish TV during a tribute show

and fundraiser for victims of the Omagh, Northern Ireland, bombing which killed 28 and

injured hundreds earlier in the year. In late 1998, U2 issued its first compilation, The Best of

1980-1990, which included an updated version of "Sweetest Thing", and some songs from

The Joshua Tree sessions.

U2 returned to the studio in early 1999 to work on its next studio album, reuniting with both

Brian Eno and Daniel Lanois for the first time since 1991's Achtung Baby. The band also

collaborated with author Salman Rushdie, who penned the lyrics to a song called "The groundbeneath her feet," based on his book of the same name. That song and others appeared on the

soundtrack to The Million Dollar Hotel, a movie based on a story written by Bono.

2.72.7 "Reapplying for the job of the best band in the world""Reapplying for the job of the best band in the world"

(20002006)(20002006)

Following the comparatively poor reception of Pop, U2 declared they were "reapplying for

the job of the best band in the world", and have since pursued a more conventional rock sound

mixed with the influences of their 1990's musical explorations. All That You Can't Leave

Behind, released in late October, was received widely as U2's return to grace. Rolling Stone

called it U2's "third masterpiece" alongside The Joshua Tree and Achtung Baby. It debuted at

No. 1 in 22 countries and spawned a worldwide hit single, 'Beautiful Day', which earned three

Grammy Awards. U2 followed that release with a major tour in the spring of 2001. On the

Elevation tour, the band was performing on a heart shaped stage. The terrorist attacks of

September 11, 2001 nearly led U2 to cancel the tour, but they decided to continue.

After the Elevation tour ended in late 2001, the culmination of U2's resurrection came when

the band performed a spectacular three-song set in New Orleans, Louisiana during halftime of

Super Bowl XXXVI. The undisputed highlight of the show was an emotional performance of

'Where the Streets Have No Name' in which the names of the victims of the September 11,

2001 attacks, projected onto a pair of backdrops, floated up towards the sky behind the band.

At the end of the performance, Bono opened his jacket to reveal an American flag printed on

the lining. That image would appear on numerous magazine covers and newspapers.

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The band's next studio album, How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb, was released on 22

November 2004. Sonically, the band was looking for harder-hitting rock than All That You

Can't Leave Behind. The album debuted at number one in the U.S. where first week sales

doubled that ofAll That You Can't Leave Behindand set a record for the band. Using a similar

setup and stage design as the previous tour, the Vertigo Tour featured a set list that varied

more across dates than any U2 tour since the Lovetown Tour, and included songs not played

since the early 1980s. The Vertigo Tour was a commercial success.

U2 returned to the big screen in 2007, with the premiere of the groundbreaking U2 3D at the

Cannes Film Festival in May.

2.8 Period from 2006 to bands twelfth album No Line On ThePeriod from 2006 to bands twelfth album No Line On The

Horizon (2009)Horizon (2009)

In 2006, the band began writing and recording with producer Rick Rubin for a new album,

although this material was put on hold after the band began writing and recording with Daniel

Lanois and Brian Eno in 2007. A 3-Dconcert film, U2 3D, filmed at nine concerts during the

Latin America leg of the Vertigo Tour (Mexico, Chile,Argentina and Brazil), was released on

23 January 2008. On 31 March 2008, it was confirmed that U2 signed a 12-year deal with

Live Nation worth an estimated $100 million, which includes Live Nation controlling the

band's merchandise, sponsoring, and their official website. On 1 December 2008, U2 releaseda new song for Product Red, "I Believe in Father Christmas", a song originally written,

recorded and released by Greg Lake. (Picture 6 U2 in 2008) The band's twelfth album No

Line on the Horizon, completed in December 2008, was released on 2 March 2009. "Get on

Your Boots" is the album's lead single. On 18 January 2009, U2 appeared at "We Are One:

The Obama Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial", a concert in celebration of

Barack Obama's presidential inauguration.

U2s on 8 August this year coming to Zagreb, Croatia, where they will perform on stadium in

Maksimir.

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Picture 6 U2 in 2008

Organizers of world tour of legendary Irish bend, in their overloaded schedule of concerts,

succeed to interpose one more concert in Zagreb. Bono Vox and U2 are going to sing on

again in Zagreb on 9 August 2009, only day after their first concert.

3.3. MUSICAL STYLEMUSICAL STYLE

Since their inception, U2 have developed and maintained a distinctly recognizable sound,

with emphasis on melodic instrumentals and expressive, larger-than-life vocals. The Edge has

consistently used a rhythmic echo and a signature delay to create his guitar work, coupled

with an Irish-influenced drone played against his syncopated melodies that ultimately yields a

well-defined ambient, chiming sound. Bono has nurtured his operatic voice and has exhibited

a notable lyrical bent towards social, political, and personal subject matter while maintaining

a grandiose scale in his songwriting. U2 have introduced new elements into their musical

repertoire with each new album. U2's sound began with post-punk roots and minimalistic and

uncomplicated instrumentals heard on Boy and October, but evolved through Warto include

aspects of rock anthem, funk, and dance rhythms to become more versatile and aggressive.

The songs from The Joshua Tree and Rattle and Hum contain varied styles of gospel and

blues music. In the 1990s, U2 reinvented themselves as they began using synthesizers,

distortion, and electronic beats derived from alternative music, dance music, and hip-hop on

Achtung Baby, Zooropa and Pop. The 2000s had U2 returning to a stripped-down sound, with

less use of synthesizers and effects and a more traditional rhythm.

3.1 Lyrics and themes3.1 Lyrics and themes

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Social and political commentary, often embellished with Christian religious and spiritual

imagery, is a major aspect of U2's lyrical content. Songs like "Sunday Bloody Sunday" and

"Mothers of the Disappeared" were motivated by current events of the time. The former was

written about the troubles in Northern Ireland, while the latter concerns the struggle of

mothers whose children were kidnapped and killed under Argentina's military dictatorship

that began in 1976. Bono's personal conflicts and turmoil related to family color songs like

"Mofo", "Tomorrow" and "Kite". The investigation of loss and anguish coupled with

hopefulness and resiliency, which is central to The Joshua Tree, has motivated much of U2's

songwriting and music. Bono and the bands personal experiences have amplified some of

this lyrical ideation during their youth in Ireland, as well as his campaigning and activism

later in his life. U2 have used tours such as Zoo TV and PopMart to caricature social trends,

such as media overload and consumerism, respectively. While the band and its fans often

affirm the political nature of their music, U2's lyrics and music have been criticized asapolitical because of their vagueness and "fuzzy imagery", and a lack of any specific

references to actual people or characters.

3.2 Influences3.2 Influences

The band cites The Who, The Clash, Ramones, The Beatles, Joy Division, Siouxsie & the

Banshees and Patti Smith as influences. Other musicians and bands such as Snow Patrol, The

Fray, One Republic,Coldplay, The Academy Is..., The Killers, Your Vegas and Angels &

Airwaves have in turn been influenced by the work of U2. Cover versions of U2 songs have

been made by performers such as Mary J. Blige, Johnny Cash, The Chimes, Joe Cocker, Pearl

Jam, James Blunt, tobyMac, Darlene Zschech, Pet Shop Boys, Ignite, The Smashing

Pumpkins, Keane, Pillar, Dream Theater, Sepultura, The Living End, The Upper Room,

Funeral for a Friend and The Bravery. U2 have also worked and/or had influential

relationships with artists including Mary J. Blige (Picture 7 U2 performing with Mary J.

Blige),Johnny Cash, Green Day, Leonard Cohen, Bruce Springsteen, B.B. King, Luciano

Pavarotti, Bob Dylan, Elvis Costello, Wim Wenders, R.E.M., Green Day(Picture 8 U2

performing with Green Day),Salman Rushdie, and Anton Corbijin.

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iki/B.B._Kinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luciano_Pavarottihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luciano_Pavarottihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Dylanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvis_Costellohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wim_Wendershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R.E.M.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salman_Rushdiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Corbijn


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Picture 7 U2 performing with Mary J. Blige

Picture 8 U2 performing with Green Day

4. CAMPAIGNING AND ACTIVISM4. CAMPAIGNING AND ACTIVISM

In 1984, Bono and Adam Clayton participated in Band Aid to raise money for Ethiopian

famine relief. The initiative produced the hit charity single "Do They Know It's Christmas?

which would be the first among several collaborations between U2 and Bob Geldof. In July

1985, U2 played Live Aid, a follow-up to Band Aid's efforts. Bono and his wife Ali, invited

by World Vision, later visited Ethiopia where they witnessed the famine first hand. Bono

would later say this laid the groundwork for his Africa campaigning and some of his

songwriting.

In 1986, U2 participated in the A Conspiracy of Hope tour in support of Amnesty

International and in Self Aid for unemployment in Ireland.

In 1992, the band participated in the "Stop Sellafield" concert with Greenpeace during their

Zoo TV tour. Events in Sarajevo during the Bosnian warinspired the song "Miss Sarajevo",

which premiered at a September 1995 Pavarotti and Friends show. In 1998, all proceeds fromthe release of the "Sweetest Thing" single went towards supporting the Chernobyl Children's

Project.

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In late 2003, Bono and the Edge participated in the South Africa HIV/AIDS awareness 46664

series of concerts. The band and manager Paul McGuiness were awarded Amnesty

International's Ambassador of Conscience Award for their work in promoting human rights.

Picture 9 Bono in The ONE Campaign

Bono founded, in part, product Red, a 2006 for-profit brand seeking to raise money for the

Global Fund. The ONE Campaign, the US counterpart of Make Poverty History, has been

shaped by his efforts and vision (Picture 9 Bono in The ONE Campaign).

In late 2005, following Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita, The Edge helped introduce

Music Rising, an initiative to raise funds for musicians who lost their instruments in the

storm-ravaged Gulf Coast. In 2006, U2 collaborated with punk rock band Green Day to

record a cover version of the song "The Saints Are Coming" by The Skids to benefit Music

Rising.

4.1 Other projects4.1 Other projects

The members of U2 have undertaken a number of side projects, sometimes in collaboration

with some of their bandmates. In 1985, Bono recorded the song "In a Lifetime" with the Irish

band Clannad. The Edge recorded a solo soundtrack album for the film Captive in 1986,

which included a vocal performance by Sinad O'Connorthat predates her own debut album

by a year. Bono and The Edge wrote the song "She's A Mystery To Me" for Roy Orbison,

which was featured on his 1989 album Mystery Girl. In 1990, Larry Mullen co-wrote and

produced a song for the Irish International soccer team in Italia '90, called "Put 'Em Under

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Pressure", which topped the Irish charts. Together with The Edge, Bono wrote the song

"Golden Eye" for the 1995 James Bond film Golden Eye, which was performed by Tina

Turner. Adam Clayton and Larry Mullen, Jr. did a rework of the title track of the movie

Mission: Impossible in 1996. Bono loaned his voice to "Joy" on Mick Jagger's 2001 album

Goddess in the Doorway. Bono also recorded a spare, nearly spoken-word version of

Leonard Cohen's "Hallelujah" for the "Tower of Song" compilation in 1995.

Aside from musical collaborations, U2 have worked with several authors. American author

William S. Burroughs had a guest appearance in U2's video for "Last Night on Earth" shortly

before he died. His poem "A Thanksgiving Prayer" was used as video footage during the

band's Zoo TV Tour. Other collaborators include William Gibson and Allen Ginsberg. In

early 2000, the band recorded three songs for the The Million Dollar Hotelmovie soundtrack,

including "The Ground Beneath Her Feet," which was co-written by Salman Rushdie and

motivated by his book of the same name. In July 2008, U2 released re-mastered and deluxeversions ofBoy, October, and War.

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5. AWARDS5. AWARDS

List of U2 awards

Award Won

BRIT Awards 8

MTV Video Music Awards 6

Grammy Awards 22

Q Awards 10

Juno Awards 3

Billboard Music Awards 1

American Music Awards 1

Meteor Music Awards 15

NME Awards 3

Las Vegas Film Critics Society awards 1

Golden Globe Awards 1People's Choice Awards 2

Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductee

TotalAwards won 73

The American Music Awards are awarded annually. U2 has won one AMA, and been

nominated for seven. The British Phonographic Industry award the BRIT Awards annually

and U2 has won eight BRIT awards.

The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and

Sciences in the United States. To date, U2 are tied with Stevie Wonder in having won the

most Grammy Awards of any artist of contemporary music with 22 awards.

The Meteor Music Awards are awarded annually by Meteor since 2001. U2 have won 15

Meteor Awards.

The MTV Video Music Awards are awarded annually by MTV. U2 have won 6 VMAs.

The Q Awards are awarded annually by Q magazine. U2 have won 10 Q Awards. In 2001,

they received both the NME Award for "Godlike Genius" and "Best Rock Act". In 2003 they

received both the Golden Globe Awardand Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awardfor Best

Song for "The Hands That Built America", which appeared in Gangs of New York. In 2005,

the band was inducted into the Cleveland-based Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRIT_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammy_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juno_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billboard_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor_Ireland_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NME_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas_Film_Critics_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Choice_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Famehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Phonographic_Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRIT_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammy_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Academy_of_Recording_Arts_and_Scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Academy_of_Recording_Arts_and_Scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stevie_Wonderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammy_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor_(mobile_network)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NME_Awardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas_Film_Critics_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hands_That_Built_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangs_of_New_Yorkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland,_Ohiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Famehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRIT_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammy_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juno_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billboard_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor_Ireland_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NME_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas_Film_Critics_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People's_Choice_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Famehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Phonographic_Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRIT_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammy_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Academy_of_Recording_Arts_and_Scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Academy_of_Recording_Arts_and_Scienceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stevie_Wonderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammy_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteor_(mobile_network)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV_Video_Music_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NME_Awardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awardshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas_Film_Critics_Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hands_That_Built_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangs_of_New_Yorkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland,_Ohiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame


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6. CONCLUSION6. CONCLUSION

More than thirty years on, it appears that U2 still has plenty of gas in its tank. The four

original band members remain close friends and stellar musicians, and their collective

ambition appears to be as strong as ever. U2 remains one of only a few bands qualified to

wear the label of World's Biggest Band. They continue to write music and explore new ideas

on their own terms, and their future releases and tours will be no less anticipated than those of

the past will.

Literature:17


18/18

McCormick, Neil (ed), (2006). U2 by U2. HarperCollins Publishers

http://www.atu2.com (http://www.atu2.com/band/bio.html)

Stokes, Niall (1996). Into The Heart: The Stories Behind Every U2 Song. HarperCollins Publishers

http://www.8notes.com (http://www.8notes.com/biographies/u2.asp) http://www.rollingstone.com

(http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/u2/albums/album/108063/review/6067670/the_joshua_tree.)

The Rolling Stone Rock & Roll encyclopedia, third edition ( revised and updated forthe 21st century)

http://www.u2.com

http://www.music-wiki.org(http://www.music-wiki.org/U2 )

http://www.u2exit.com(http://www.u2exit.com/u2-biography)

http://www.therockradio.com (http://www.therockradio.com/u2/biography.html )

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