imkv{X-tI-cfw30

]Sn-™m-d≥ Hmkvt{S-en-bsb s\Sp-\o-f-Øn¬ ]Ip-Øp-sIm≠v Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ Hcp Iºn-apƒthen]Wn-tb-≠n-h-∂p. "dm_n‰v {]q^v s^≥kv'F∂ t]cn¬ Ncn{X-Øn¬ CSwt\-Snb Bthen 3253 Intem-ao-‰¿ \of-Øn¬ sX°p-h-S-°mbn \o≠p-In-S-°p-∂p. t]cv t]mseXs∂ apb¬ IS-°m-Xn -cn -°m≥ shÃvBkvt{S-en-b≥ k¿°m¿ ]WnX apƒthen]t£ Hcp ]cm-P-b-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu apƒthenPohnXw Xncn-®p-\¬Inb c≠p Ip´n-I-fpsSIY-bmWv "dm_n‰v {]q^v s^≥kv' F∂Bkvt{S-en-b≥ kn\n-a.

bYm¿Y kw`-h-ßsf B[m-c-am°nsUmdnkv ]n¬°n-MvS¨ Kmcn-amc Fgp-Xnb"t^mtfm Z dm_n‰v {]q^v s^≥kv' F∂Bfl-I-Ym-]-c-amb {KŸsØ Ah-ew-_n-®mWv ^nen∏v t\mbnkv Cu kn\na \n¿an-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Kmcn-am-c-bpsS AΩ tamfn s{I-bvKns‚ _mey-Ime Hm¿a-Iƒ hnh-cn-°p∂hn[-Øn-emWv kn\na Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. 14hb-kp-Imcn tamfnbpw A\p-PØn 8 hb-kp-Imcn sUbvknbpw _‘p-hmb 11 Imcnt{Kknbpw Ah-cpsS AΩbv°pw apØ-»n-°p-sam-∏-amWv Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. \K-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-a-Ise h\-{]-tZ-isØ Pnkm-temMv F∂BZn-hmkn Ducn¬. Pnkm-tem-Mn-eqsS "dm-_n‰v {]q^v s^≥kv' IS-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p-≠v.h¿j-߃°v apºv then-bpsS \n¿am-W-tPm-en°v h∂ sh≈-°m-cmWv Ip´n-I-fpsS ]nXm-°-∑m¿. BZn-a-tKm-{X-°m-cn¬ ]nd-°p∂sh≈-°m-cpsS Ip´n-Isf "lm^v ImÃv'F∂mWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. 1931 BWv kn\n-a-

2002 / Hmkvt{S-enb/ As_m-dn-Pn≥, Cw•ojv/ If¿/ 93 an\p´vkwhn-[m\w : ^nen∏v t\mbnkv

hnP-b-Ip-am¿ ªmØq¿

BKÃv ̨ 2015 31

bpsS Ime-L-´w. bqtdm-]y≥ IpSn-tb-‰ -ßsf XpS¿∂v `qanbpw kzmX-{¥yhpw Ah-Im-i-ßfpw \„-ambnZpcn-X-Po-hn-X-Øn-emWv Xt±-io-b¿.Chsc ]q¿W-a-\p-jy-cm-bn-t]mepw\mK-cnI a\p-jy¿ IW-°m-°n-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ch-cn¬ sh≈-°m¿°v ]nd∂ Ip´n-Isf Gs‰-SpØv "kwkvIm-c-Nn-Ø-cmbn' hf¿Øn hwi-ip-≤o-I-cWw \S-tØ-≠-Xm-sW∂v Kh¨sa‚ v Icp-Xn.

AΩbv°pw apØ-»n°pw H∏wIm´p-In-g-ßp-Iƒ tiJ-cn®pw sNdp-Po-hn-Isf th´-bmSn Np´p-Xn∂pw kt¥m-j-]q¿hw _meyw BtLm-jn-°p-I-bmWv Ip´n-Iƒ. Ahsc ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Im≥ A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS \n¿tZ-i-{]-Imcw t]meokv FØnbn´p-s≠-∂-dn™ AΩ Ip´n-Isf Hfn-∏n-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Ah-km\w ]nSn-ho-gp-∂p.k¿°m¿ Unt∏m-bn¬ tdj≥ hm-ßm≥ h∂ Ip´n-Iƒ dnKvkv F∂ t]m-eo-kp-Im-cs‚ Iøn¬ s]Sp-Ibm-bn-cp∂p. Ae-dn-hn-fn®v AΩ-am¿ XS-bm≥{ian-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Ip´n-Isf h≠n-bn¬ Ib‰n t]meo-kp-Im-c≥ t]mIp-∂p. ]´n-°q-Sp-t]m-ep≈ Agn-s∏-´n-I-fn¬ Xoh-≠n-bnepw IpXn-c-h-≠n-I-fn-ep-ambn Znh-k-߃ \o≠ Zo¿L-bm-{X-Iƒ. Ah-km\w s]¿Øv \K-c-Øn-\paIse "aq¿ dnh¿ sk‰n¬sa‚ v' F-

∂ tI{μ-Øn¬ Ip´n-Iƒ FØp-∂p. A-h-sc-t∏mse \qdp-I-W-°n\v Ip´n-I-fp-≠-hn-sS. hyXy-kvX-amb ̀ mjbpw ioe-ßfpw D≈ AhnSw Ah¿°v \c-I-am-bn tXm∂n. "No^v s{]m´-Œ¿ Hm^v A-s_m-dn-Pn≥kv' Bb F H s\hn≥ F-∂ Hm^o-k-dpsS \nb-{¥-W-Øn-emWvB ÿew. -k-¶-c-hwik-¥-Xn-IsfCw•ojv ]Tn-∏n®pw Xp∂¬∏Wn t]m-ep≈ ssIth-e-Iƒ ]cn-io-en-∏n®pw\√ ho´p-th-e-°m-cm-°m-\p≈ N´-∏Sns{Sbn-\n-ßm-W-hnsS At±lw Bkq-{XWw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. tKm{X-Po-hn-

X-Øn¬ \n∂pw ]q¿W-ambpw Ahscam‰n-sb-Sp-°p-I. hnhmlw sNøp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ sh≈-°m-sc-s°m≠p X-s∂ sNøn-∏n-°p-I. Aßns\ hwi-kw-c-£Ww km[y-am-sW-∂mWv k¿-°m¿ Icp-Xp-∂-Xv. tI{μ-Øn¬ \n∂vHfn-t®m-Sp-∂-hsc ]n≥Xp-S¿∂v ]nSn-°m≥ ka¿Y-\mb tKm{X-h¿K-°m-c-\mb aqUp F∂ a[y-h-b-kvI≥ PmK-cq-I-\mbn kZm Np‰n-°-d-ßp-∂p-≠m-hpw˛ Xncn-®p-h-∂m¬ GIm¥ XS-hmWvin£.

A]-cn-NnX temItØ°p≈ ]dn-

imkv{X-tI-cfw32

®p-\-S¬ AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ tamfn Hcp-°-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. AΩ-tbbpw _‘p-°-tf-bpw {Kma-tØbpw Xs‚ `mj-tbbpwFs∂-t∂-°p-ambn Isøm-gn-bm≥ A-hƒ°m-hn-√. Hfn-t®m-Sn-t∏m-hm≥ A-hƒ Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂p. IqsS sUbvkn-bpw s{Kbvkn-bpw. ag-taLw I\ØHcp-\mƒ Ah¿ ]pd-Øp-I-S-°p-∂p. X-ß-fpsS Ime-Sn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ ]n≥Xp-S-cm≥aqUp-hn\v Ign-bn-√, ag F√m sXfn-hp-Ifpw ambv®p If-bp-sa-∂-hƒ°-dn-bmw.Znibpw hgnbpw Adn-bmØ B sIm-®p-Ip-́ n-Iƒ P∑-kn-≤-ambn e`n® {]Ir-Xn Adn-hp-Iƒ am{Xw sIm≠v A\¥-hnim-e-amb acp-∏-d-ºn-eqsS PnKm-tem-Mn-te°v bm{X ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]ndsI]n≥Xp-S¿∂v FØp∂ aqUp-hns\ I-_-fn-∏n®pw t]meo-kp-Im-cpsS Iøn¬-s∏-SmsX Hfn-®pap≈ AXn-km-l-kn-I-amb bm{X-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv. bm{X-bv°n-S-bn¬ tKm{X-h¿K-°m-cn¬ Nne¿`£Ww \¬In Ahsc klm-bn-°p-∂p-≠v. Hcp sh≈-°mcn ho´Ω Ah¿-°v Iºnfn DSp-∏p-Iƒ \¬In, apb¬IS-°mØ then-bn -te-°p≈ hgnIm´n-s°m-Sp-°p-∂p. B then ]n≥Xp-S¿∂v hS-t°m v́ k©-cn-®m¬ {Kma-Øn-se-Øm-\mhpw F∂v tamfn-°-dn-bmw.ITn-\-bm-{X-bn¬ t]meo-kns‚ Iøn¬-s∏-SmsX Xe-\mcng-bv°mWv Ip´n-Iƒc£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F¶nepw t{Kbvknsbt]meokv ]nSn-IqSn XncnsI sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p-≠v. H∂pw sNøm-\m-hmsXtamfnbpw A\p-P-Ønbpw t{Kbvkn A-I∂p t]mIp-∂Xv t\m°n-\n¬°p∂Zriyw lrZ-b-t`-Z-I-am-Wv. 2400 Intem-ao-‰¿ hnP-\-amb acp-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn-eqsSap≈n-th-en-bpsS Nßm-Ø-Øn¬ H≥-]Xv BgvN-Iƒ \S∂v Ah¿ AΩ-bp-sS ASp-sØ-Øn. t]meo-kn\p ]nSn-sIm-Sp-°msX acp-`q-an-bn¬ Hfn-®p-Xm-a-kn-®p. hnhmlw Ign-®p. ]t£ Ah-cpsS Ip™p-ßsf aq¿dn-h-dnse tI{μ-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-t]m-hp-∂Xv XS-bm-\m-bn-√. 1970 hsc Cu {Iqc-amb a\p-jyXz ewL\w XpS¿∂n-cp-∂p. hr≤-cmb tamfnbpw sUbvknbpw PnKm-tem-Mnse hgn-I-fn-eqsS \S-∂p-\o-ßp∂ Zriy-Øn-emWv kn\na Ah-km-

\n-°p-∂-Xv. R߃ Cu ÿew hn´vHcn-S-tØ°pw t]mbn√ F∂ {]kvXm-h-\-tbm-sS.

kz¥w `qanbpw kwkvIm-chpwssIhn-´p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv {]Xn-tj-[n-°m-\m-hm-sX I≠p-\n¬t°-≠n-h∂ km-XznI P\-X-bm-bn-cp∂p Bkvt{S-en-b-bnse tKm{X-h¿K-°m¿. sh≈-°m-cp-sS IpSn-tb‰w k¿hXpw \„-am-°n. Ip-Sn-tb-‰-tØm-sSm∏w FØnb ]pXnbtcmK-߃ Ahsc sIms∂m-Sp-°n.A]-cn-Nn-X-amb B tcmKm-Wp-°ƒs°-Xn-cmb {]Xn-tcm[-tijn Ah¿°n-√m-bn-cp-∂p. tImSn-°-W-°n\p h¿j-ß-fmbn _mly CS-s]-S-ep-I-fn-√msX H‰-s∏´p InS∂ `q{]-Ir-Xn-bpsS hnip-≤n°v ta¬ ]pXnb Irjn-bn-S-߃ If-¶ta¬∏n-®p. {]IrXn Xmf-hp-ambnCW-ßn-t®¿∂p≈ tKm{X-Po-hn-Xm-Nm-

c-߃, ioe-߃ F√mw X®p-S-bv°-s∏-´p.

tKm{X-h¿Kkv{XoI-fn¬ sh≈-°m¿°p-≠mb Ip´n-Isf AS¿Øn-am‰n "tÃmf≥ P\-td-j≥' kr„n-°m≥{ian-®-Xns‚ Zpc-¥m-\p-`-h-amWv Cukn\na ]¶p-sh°p-∂-Xv. ]q¿W-a-\p-jy-cm-bn-t∏mepw ]cn-K-Wn-°msX˛ kz-]v\-ßfpw taml-ßfpw a\p-jy-hn-Nm-c-ßfpw IW-°m-°msX, henb a\p-jym-h-Imi ewL-\-amWv X߃ sN-bvXp-h-∂Xv F∂v bqtdm-∏nse sh≈-°m-cpsS k¿°m¿ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂XvF{Xtbm sshIn am{X-am-Wv. 2008 ¬{][m-\-a{¥n sIhn≥ dqUv ]m¿e-sa-‚n¬ cmPysØ BZn-a-\n-hm-kn-I-tfmSvC°m-e-a-{Xbpw sNbvX {Iqc-X-Iƒ-°pw A\o-Xn-Iƒ°pw £a tNmZn-®p.]t£ {]Ir-Xn-tbmSv sNbvX {Iqc-

BKÃv ̨ 2015 33

bqtdm-]y≥ IpSn-tb-‰-°m¿ Hmkvt{S-en-b≥ ̀ qJ-fi-a-lm-hn-kvXr-Xn-bn¬ Aº-c∂p \n¬°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p ]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠n¬. BZn-a-\n-hm-kn-IsfAta-cn-°-bn-se-∂-t]mse ssI°-cp-Øm¬ sIm∂pwB´n-Hm-Sn®pw Iogvs∏-Sp-Ønbpw Ah¿ k¿h-`q-anbpwkz¥-am-°n. Irjnbpw hyh-km-bhpw Bcw-`n-®p.bqtdm-∏ns\ Ahn-tS°v ]dn-®p-\-Sm≥ hymtam-ln-®p.hnt\m-Z-th-f-I-fn¬ th´-bmSn ckn-°m≥ Cw•-≠n¬\n∂v sIm≠p-h∂ 24 Im´p-ap-b-ep-Isf 1859¬ tXmakvHmÃn≥ F∂ Irjn-°m-c≥ Xs‚ Irjn-bn-S-Øn¬ Cd-°n-hn-´p. A©p-tImSn h¿j-ambn a‰p `qJ-fi-ß-fn¬\n∂-I∂v H‰-s∏´v \n∂ B {]tZ-iØv apb-ep-Isf_m[n-°p∂ Hscm‰ tcmKm-Wp-t]m-ep-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.{]Ir-Xym-bp≈ Cc-]n-Sn-b≥ i{Xp-°fpw D≠m-bn-cp-

Xbv°v BtcmSv £a-tNm-Zn-°pw.Cu kn\n-a, {]Ir-Xn°v ta¬ a\p-

jys‚ Itø-‰-ß-fpsS `mhn-hn-]-Øp-Isf Im´n-Ø-cp-∂p-≠v. A¬∏w \mS-Io-b-Xbpw ISpw-h¿W-ßfpw Ncn-{X-sØ hf-s®m-Sn-°epw D≠m-bn-´p-s≠-∂ hna¿i-\-߃ \ne-\n¬°p-tºmƒXs∂ ˛ CsXmcp \√ kn\n-a-bm-sW-∂v Dd-∏n®p ]d-bm-\m-hpw. hwim-l-¥-Iƒ a\p-jys\ IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ A-k-ln-jvWphpw {Iqc-\p-am°n am‰n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ h¿Ø-am-\-Im-eØvCu apƒthen Hm¿an-∏n-°p∂Xv hen-b Hcp ]mT-am-Wv.

∂n√. kb≥kv ^nIvj≥ kn\n-a-I-fnse Ahn-iz-k-\ob ImgvN-bmWv ]n∂oSv kw`-hn-®-Xv. H‰ h¿jw sIm-≠v HmÃns‚ Irjn-bn-S-Ønse F√m ]®∏pw s]‰p-s]-cp-Inb apbepIƒ Xn∂p-Xo¿Øp. apb¬s∏cp∏w F√mIW-°p-Iq-́ epw sX‰n®v ssIhn-́ p-t]m-bn. ]®-∏p-Iƒ Idp-apsd Xn∂v Xo¿Øv apb¬{]-fbw hf¿∂p. Irjn-`q-an-Iƒ k¿hXpw Xcn-in-S-ß-fm-bn. h¿jw 75 Intem-ao-‰¿F∂ tXmXn¬ apb¬∏S apt∂-dn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. sh´p-In-fn-°q´w t]mse apb¬°q´w B{I-a-W-Øm¬ 30h¿jw-sIm≠v ]Sn-™m-d≥ Hmkvt{S-en-b-bpsS henb{]tZiw ]p√p-ap-f-bv°mØ acp-∏-d-ºmbn am‰n. 1920 Bb-t∏m-tg°pw Im´p-ap-b-ep-I-fpsS FÆw Bbn-cw-tImSnIhn-™p. temI-Ønse G‰hpw hnim-e-amb Duj-c-im-]-`q-an-bmbn Hmkvt{S-enb amdn-b-Xn¬ Hcp sNdnbssI°p-‰-∏m-Sn\pw ]¶p-s≠∂v kmcw.

_m°n-bp≈ Irjn-bn-S-ßsf apb-em-{I-a-W-Øn¬\n∂pw c£n-°m-sa∂ Dt±-i-Øn¬ h¿j-߃ sIm≠v]Wn-Xp-Xo¿Ø-XmWv "dm_n‰v {]q^v s^≥kv' ̨ ]t£AXp hnP-b-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXn\p aptº Xs∂ apb-ep-Iƒ ]Sn-™m-d≥ `mKØpw FØn-°-gn-™n-cp-∂p. Ah-km\w sXt° Ata-cn-°-bnse hf¿Øp-apb-epI-fn¬c‡-{km-hhpw ac-Whpw ]c-Ønb ssaIvtkma sshd-kns\ Cd-°p-aXn sNbvXmWv 1950¬ Im´p-ap-b¬ Xm-fihw hcp-Xn-bn-em-°n-b-Xv. B[p-\nI a\p-jys‚ Al-¥bv°pw B¿Øn°pw Zo¿L-ho-£-W-an-√m-bvabv°pwIn´nb Xncn-®-Sn-bpsS AS-bm-f-ambn B then \o≠p-\n-h¿∂p InS-°p-∂p.

Btem-N-\m-iq-\y-X-bpsS tijn∏v