R EADINGS Read Chapter 20 in the textbook if you are confused about: Air masses (page 436) Fronts...
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Transcript of R EADINGS Read Chapter 20 in the textbook if you are confused about: Air masses (page 436) Fronts...
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READINGS
Read Chapter 20 in the textbook if you are confused about:
Air masses (page 436) Fronts and Lows (pg 439) Thunderstorms and Tornadoes (pg 445) Hurricanes and Winter Storms (pg 450) Forecasting Weather-including surface maps,
station models, etc. (pg 455)
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READINGS FOR CLIMATE
Textbook Chapter 21 It would be a good idea to read this chapter if
you do not understand Temp and precip (pg 466) Climate controls (pg 467) Climate Zones (pg 469) Climate Changes (pg 474)
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CLIMATERRB pages142-148
Textbook Chapter 21
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CLIMATE
Weather: short-term condition of the atmosphere
Climate: Average weather conditions over many years
The average temperature, precipitation and annual distribution of temp and precip define the climate of an area
Within the U.S., the climate generally becomes cooler as you go north
The climate in regard to moisture varies: it is based on precipitation vs. the potential for evaporation and transpiration
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FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE
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How does latitude affect climate?
As latitude increases the averageannual temperature decreases. This is due to the relationshipsbetween angle, intensity and
duration of insolation to temperature
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How does closeness to a large body of water affect climate?
Water __________ the temperature._______ summers._______ winters.
City B is closer to a large body of water.
Its temperature line is flatter (moderated).
moderates
Cities A & B are located
at the same latitude.
Cooler Warmer
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How does the Orographic Effect
affect climate?
Windward Side: ___________Leeward Side: _____________
cool, moistwarm,
dry
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The windward sides of the Adirondacks &
Catskills receive a great deal more precipitation
The leeward sides of the Adirondacks & Catskills
receive much less
precipitation
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How does elevation affect climate?
As elevation ____________ the averageannual temperature __________.
Elevation
Tem
pera
ture
increases decreases
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Page 14 of the ESRTs
We live in the troposphere.
Temperature decreases with elevation.
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How do ocean currentsaffect climate?
Warm Currents: warmer climateCold Currents: cooler climate
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PLANETARY WIND BELTS ESRT PAGE 14 Prevailing winds influence local climates For Example: the eastern coast of N.A. is
rarely affected by the warm waters of the Gulf stream because the prevailing winds come off of the land
Within the wind belts, there are regions of rising air currents (low-pressure) and sinking air currents (high-pressure)
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MONSOONS
Monsoons: Winds off the ocean that bring rainy weather to a region for a long period of time
Typical in desert or arid regions Explanation of Monsoons
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TYPICAL STORM TRACKS
Weather systems usually move W (Cali) to E (NY) in the United States
Storms typically follow certain tracks, influenced by the prevailing westerly winds over North America
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VISUALIZATIONS
Climate Zones How Nature Records Climate