Quotes

“We hold it to be the duty of the government to inflict punishment on the rebels… The whole fabric of southern society must be changed.

Thaddeus Stevens, “Radical Republican” leader of Congress

With malice toward none, with charity for all…let us bind up the nation’s wounds.. and achieve a just and lasting peace.

Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address

Reconstruction

The southern states were left embittered and devastated by the war.

What kind of things were destroyed in the war?

What problems did the nation have to solve?Quick Clip

ReconstructionAt the end of the war, there was no agreed-upon plan for Reconstruction Lincoln -“charity for all” – States had never really

left the Union, so quickly restore loyal state govts in the South and move on

Congress’s Radical Republicans – “punish the South” and guarantee rights to former slaves

After Lincoln’s assassination, Andrew Johnson becomes president. Johnson’s plan let the South in quickly, but did not protect rights of freed blacks

What did the Black Codes do?

“All freedmen, free negroes, and mulattoes in this State, with no lawful employment or business, or found unlawful assembling themselves together either in the day or night shall be fined fifty dollars”How were African-Americans controlled in the South?

Battles over Reconstruction

Congress battles with President Johnson on Freedman’s Bureau – social, legal help Civil Rights Act – made racial discrim. illegal

Congress passes bills Johnson vetoes them Congress overrides the vetoes 14th Amendment – legal eq. and citizenship

Johnson tries to defeat the 14th Amendment– he fails! Republicans take over Congress!

Impeachment of the President

Why was PresidentJohnson impeached?

What was the outcome of the trial?

The Civil War Amendments- read the amendments on pgs 168-170 and in your own words write what the amendments accomplished.

13th

14th

15th Can you find the flaw in the 15th Amendment?

Abolished slavery

Citizenship and equal legal protection

Voting rights

Reconstruction Act of 1867: Congress divides the South into military districts

Ulysses S. Grant wins a close electionConfederates were not

allowed to voteSupport from carpetbaggers

and scalawagsAnd for the 1st time…freed

African-Americans

Election of 1868

carpetbaggers – Northerners who came South after the war to help, or to make money

Scalawags – Southerners who supported Reconstruction

Hiram Revels is the first African-American Senator. He served as the US Senator from Mississippi.

Opposition to Reconstruction

Who might oppose Reconstruction?Who were the Redeemers? What did they do to oppose Reconstruction?Redeemers were Southern Democrats who wanted to retake control of their state governments –wanted Home Rule

The “Invisible Empire of the South”

The “Invisible Empire of the South”

“Of course he wants to vote for the Democratic ticket”

The Failure of Federal Enforcement

The Failure of Federal Enforcement

The End of Reconstruction

Why does support for Reconstruction end?

Northerners have moved on Political scandals in Grant’s administration Economic problems: Panic of 1873 After the 15th Amendment, many think the

work is done

Supreme Court weakens the Amendments

The South regains control…

Compromise of 1877

The END of Reconstruction

No one clearly wins the Presidential election – Hayes (R) v Tilden (D)

Congress makes a deal: Republicans get Rutherford B. Hayes as

president if the South gets: federal troops removedmoney for rail, rebuilding, projectsto govern themselves without Northerners

Word Maps

Was sharecropping a good idea for landowners? For poor whites and freedmen?

Definition:

A (good) sentence:Drawing:

Synonym:

Sharecropping

Conclusion

The North and Midwest industrialized, but the South would remain a backward, agriculture-based economy and the poorest section of the nation for many decades.