Using textual evidence is like

making a sandwich: the more you add to

it, the better it becomes.

What a Quote Sandwich or Paraphrase Panini

aims to accomplish:

Gives specific textual evidence to prove the

thesis;

Incorporates the information into a

paragraph in an organized way;

Provides the who, what, when, where, why,

and how of the information so that the

reader fully understands the information

How to assemble a Quote Sandwich/paraphrase panini:

1. After the topic sentence, The top layer provides context for the information:

who wrote/said the text?

What are the person’s credentials?

where was the text first published or said?

When was the text first published or said?

Ex. In his 2013 editorial in the reno gazette-journal, Chris Murray wrote these words comparing the first gay professional football player with the first african-american professional football player:

The center of THE SANDWICH

A full quote contains exact words inside quotation marks, followed by a parenthetical reference.

A paraphrase is someone’s ideas in your words, followed by a parenthetical reference.

A partial quote contains both exact words in quotation marks and someone’s ideas in words and is followed by a parenthetical reference.

always use a parenthetical reference

for otheer people’s ideas!

After the parenthetical reference, it’s time for Why is the quote or

paraphrase important? Does it change some- thing or connect with something?

How does the quote or paraphrase prove the thesis point or the thesis—or both?

why the quote is important and how it connects with the thesis point and thesis are as important as the quotes and paraphrases themselves.

Analysis: the bottom layer OF THE SANDWICH

Another way migration was hard was by having to

leave sentimental things behind. There were many people

that had to get up and leave with just the clothes they

had on and the money in their wallets. It was dangerous to

carry many things with since it slowed them down, tired

them out more, and made them more vulnerable to being

robbed, even killed. According to Saira Alimohammed, a

survivor of this turbulent time, “People still tried to bring

what they could bring like beds, bikes, etc. That way many

people were robbed and killed. There was very little

chance of survival if you had large amounts of luggage.

All your jewelry, property, cars, land and nearly everything

was lost forever”(Interview 1). Since many things were

nearly impossible to move, they had to forget about them.

They had to give up the houses their families had lived in

for generations and start their life all over again. Instead of

improving life, the border change seemed to make it

worse. Precious items left behind symbolized their loss.

YOUR PARAGRAPHS CAN

CERTAINLY INCLUDE

INFORMATION FROM MORE THAN

ONE SOURCE, BUT MAKE SURE

THAT YOU ALWAYS INCLUDE THE

WHO*, WHAT*, WHERE*, WHEN*,

WHY, HOW.

*AFTER THE FIRST TIME USE ONLY LAST NAME OR

ARTICLE TITLE (IF NO AUTHOR). ALWAYS, ALWAYS,

ALWAYS INCLUDE HOW AND WHY