Quize Display

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A study of ElectronicsSystem Project

for the practical fulfilment & diploma degree of

Electronics &Telecommunication Engineering

136, B. B. GANGULY STREET, SEALDAH, KOLKATA – 700 012, WB, INDIA

Submitted by …

Samsul Haq – Ansari Roll No. 02

Basutosh Sarkar Roll No. 08

Saibal Santua Roll no. 13

Santosh Prasad Bhagat Roll no. 23

Pankaj Kumar Roll no. 25

Sourav Roy Roll no. 26Ritesh Singh Roll no. 30

6th Semester, Sec : A, Morning Batch, Session : Sept / Oct’08,

Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering

Guided by : Mr. Arabinda Saha



Quiz Display - Buzzer

with

Locking Concept

2



: Acknowledgement :

A research owes its success to people involved with theresearcher at various stages, form commencement to completion. We

acknowledge with due courtesy our regards to all the person and sources

consulted during the development of this project and preparation of this

report.

e express our ear u an s an eep sense o gra u e

with respectful regards and immense pleaser to Mr. Arabinda Saha, Faculty

of Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering Department, The G.T.T.I.

Sealdah, of his ample support, erudite guidance and material advice during

work and delegate encouragement throughout the project work.

We owe our special thanks to our HOD, Mr. Sandeepan Ghosh,

for giving us the opportunity to do the project under the guidance of such a

co-operative, knowledgeable and supportive faculty.

We are also thankful to all faculty members of ETE department

and the library staff of our college for their help during preparation of this

report. Unwanted errors and omission may please be exempted. Valuable

suggestions are solicited.

3



It is certified that project report field “ QUIZ DISPLAY – BUZZER : with LOCKING concept ” is a

: Certificate :

136, B. B. GANGULY STREET, SEALDAH, KOLKATA – 700 012, WB, INDIA

, ,

Bhagat, Ritesh Singh, Samsul Haq Ansari, Pankaj Kumar and Basurtosh Sarkar was student of

Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering department under my supervision.

They have worked hard on this project for a period of time. During this project their

performance was excellent.

We wish them all success in life.

____________________________ ___________________________

Mr. Sandipan Ghosh Mr. Arabinda Saha

HOD – ETE Faculty - ETE

GTTI – Sealdah GTTI – Sealdah

: Date :

___________________



: Table of Content :

No. Description Page No.

1 Project Objective 6

2 Introduction 6

3 List of Components 6

4 Description of Components 7

i. Power Supply 8

ii. Switch 12

iii. IC – Integrated Circuit 13

iv. LED – Light Emitting Diode 17

v. Speaker 18

5 PCB – Printed Circuit Board 20

6 Circuit Diagram 21

7 Working Principle 22

8 Key Features 24

9 Price of Components 25

10 Conclusion 26

5



Project Objective :

Make a Quiz Display – Buzzer with “ first press first alarm ” concept

Introduction :

This project is a useful hack when it come to make our own quiz-show, or

maybe just train a team for a real TV show or even simply to have fun

building it. The device solves the problem of knowing who pushed the

buzzer first. It's also fun to analyze because its a clever little hack.

List of Components :

Sl. No. Description Qty.

1 Power Supply - 5V DC 01

2 74LS11 - IC 03

3 74LS04 - IC 01

4 74LS32 - IC 01

5 Switch – Push to OFF 04

List of Other Components :

1- Connecting Wires

2- Vero Board

3- Soldering Iron

4- Soldering Paste

5- Solder

7 Speaker 01

6



Description of

different Components



: Power Supply :

A power supply is a device that supplies electrical

energy to one or more electric load. The term is most commonly

applied to devices that convert one form of electrical energy to

another, though it may also refer to devices that convert another

form of energy (e.g., mechanical, chemical, solar) to electrical

energy.

Contain:-

i. Transformer (step down, 0-12V).

ii. Diode (1N4007).

. .

iv. IC 7805 (Regulated ic).

• Transformer :A transformer is a device that

transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through

inductively coupled conductors—the transformer's coils. A

varying current in the first or primary winding creates a

varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core and thus a

varying magnetic field through the secondary winding. This

varying magnetic field induces a varying electromotive force

(EMF), or "voltage", in the secondary winding. This effect iscalled mutual induction. We get the output from secondary

winding of transformer.

8



There are two type of transformer :

1. Step Up. &

2. Step down.

We are used the step down transformer (220V to 12V)

as the source of energy.

2. Step down transformer :

Step-down transformer is a type of transformer, which

convert the energy 220 V AC to bellow 220V AC voltage such

as 12V AC. In this transformer the

number of turns of primary winding is

more than the secondary winding.

• Diode :

o e s a spec a ze e ec ron c componen w wo

electrodes called the anode and the cathode. Most diodes are

made with semiconductor

materials such as silicon,germanium, or

selenium. Diodes can be used

as rectifiers, signal limiters,

voltage regulators, switches,

signal

modulators, signal mixers, signal demodulators, and oscillators. The

fundamental property of a diode is its tendency to conduct

electric current in only one direction. When the cathode is

negatively charged relative to the anode at a voltage greater than a

certain minimum called forward break over, then current flows

through the diode. If the cathode is positive with respect to the

anode, is at the same voltage as the anode, or is negative by an

amount less than the forward break over voltage, then the diode

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does not conduct current. This is a simplistic view, but is true for

diodes operating as rectifiers, switches, and limiters. The forward

break over voltage is approximately six tenths of a volt (0.6 V) for

silicon devices, 0.3 V for germanium devices, and 1 V for selenium

devices.

• Capacitor :

A capacitor is a passive electronic component consisting of

a pair of conductors separated by

a dielectric (insulator). When there

is a potential difference (voltage)

across the conductors, a

static electric field develops across

the dielectric causin ositive

charge to collect on one plate and

negative charge on the

other plate. Energy is stored in the electrostatic field. An idealcapacitor is characterized by a single constant value ,capacitance,

measured in farads. This is the ratio of the electric charge on each

conductor to the potential difference between them.

Capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for

blocking direct current while allowing alternating current to pass,

in filter networks, for smoothing the output of power supplies, in

the resonant circuits that tune radios to particular frequencies and

for many other purposes.

The breakdown voltage of a diode is the minimum

reverse voltage to make the diode conduct in reverse.

10



• Regulated IC 7805 :

LM 7805 IC is a three pins positive volt

regulated IC. It has fixed output. Each type employs internal current

limiting, thermal shut down and safeoperating area protection, making it

essentially indestructible. If adequate heat

sinking is provided, they can deliver over

1A output current. Although designed

primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these

devices can be used with external

components to obtain adjustable voltages

and currents.

• Circuit Diagram:-

• Working principle :-

When the AC V is applied to the primary winding of the

transformer , there are create the varying magnetic flux in the

transformer core and this varying magnetic field through thesecondary winding of transformer . So, induced the Electro motive

force (EMF ) or voltage. This voltage is fed to the rectifier circuit.

From the rectifier circuit, we get the +12V DC. And +12V DC is fed to

the LM7805 (PIN-1). So, we get the +5V DC from the LM7805 (PIN-3).

To get the pure DC current passed through the filter circuit, the value

of filter capacitor is 1000µF/25V.11



: Switch :

Switch is vital component of everything , may be Electrical or

Electronics. It is also mechanical part.

There are used in the circuit push to off switch means when we are

pressed the button, disconnect the path.

us o o sw c

12



: Integrated Circuit :

An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (Also referred

to as IC, Chip or Microchip) is an electronic circuit manufactured by

the patterned diffusion of trace element into the surface of a thin

substrate of semiconductor material. Additional materials are

deposited and patterned to form interconnection between

semiconductor device.

Bellow are the description of IC used.

i. IC 74LS11 :

74LS11 IC is a three in ut and ate and one out ut. There are three

74LS11 Feature

and gate in this IC. When the one input is low, the output will be

low. When the three input is high, output will be high.

Internal diagram

13



Truth Table :

Input Output

Logic gate :

AB

C

YAnd gate

A*B*C = Y

0 0 0 0

0 0 1 00 1 0 0

0 1 1 0

1 0 0 0

1 0 1 0

1 1 0 0

1 1 1 1

14



ii. IC 74LS04 :

74LS04 IC is not gate IC. When the input is high, output will be low.

And when the input is low, the output will be high.

78LS04 feature 78LS04 internal diagram

Logic gate :

A Not ate Y

A =

Truth Table :

Input Output

A Y

0 1

1 0

15



iii. IC 74LS32 :

IC 74LS32 is a two input or gate. If one input is high, the output will be

high. When two input is low, the output will be low.

74LS32 internal diagram

74LS32 feature

Logic gate :A

B Y

A+B = Y

Truth Table :Input Output

A B Y

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 116



: Light EmittingDiode :

Light Emitting Diode is a semiconductor device. Generally used as a

indicator and also lighting.

LED s mbol

LED feature

• Working principle :

LED works as a diode. When a LED is forward biased

(switch on), electron are able to recombine with electron holes

within a deice, releasing energy in the form of photons. This

effect is called electroluminescence and the color of light

(corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by

the energy gap of the semiconductor. It has lower powerconsumption and long life time. It has many application such as

indicator, traffic signal control, lighting etc.

17



: Speaker :

Speakers are one of the most common output devices used with sound

systems. Some speakers are designed to work specifically with

computers, while others can be hooked up to any type of soundsystem. Regardless of their design, the purpose of speakers is to

produce audio output that can be heard by the listener.

Speakers are transducers that convert electromagnetic waves into

soun waves. e spea ers rece ve au o nput rom a ev ce suc as a

computer or an audio receiver. This input may be either

in analog or digital form. Analog speakers simply amplify the analog

electromagnetic waves into sound waves. Since sound waves areproduced in analog form, digital speakers must first convert the digital

input to an analog signal, then generate the sound waves.

The sound produced by speakers is defined by frequency and

amplitude. The frequency determines how high or low the pitch of the

sound is. For example, a soprano singer's voice produces high

frequency sound waves, while a bass guitar or kick drum generates

sounds in the low frequency range. A speaker system's ability toaccurately reproduce sound frequencies is a good indicator of how

clear the audio will be. Many speakers include multiple speaker cones

for different frequency ranges, which helps produce more accurate

sounds for each range. Two-way speakers typically have a tweeter and

a mid-range speaker, while three-way speakers have a tweeter, mid-

range speaker, and subwoofer.18



Amplitude, or loudness, is determined by the change in air pressure

created by the speakers' sound waves. Therefore, when you crank

up your speakers, you are actually increasing the air pressure of the

sound waves they produce. Since the signal produced by some

audio sources is not very high (like a computer's sound card), it may

need to be amplified by the speakers. Therefore, most external

computer speakers are amplified, meaning they use electricity to

amplify the signal. Speakers that can amplify the sound input are

often called active speakers. You can usually tell if a speaker is

active if it has a volume control or can be plugged into an electrical

outlet. Speakers that don't have any internal amplification are

called passive speakers. Since these speakers don't amplify the

audio signal, they require a high level of audio input, which may be

produced by an audio amplifier.

Speakers typically come in pairs, which allows them to produce

stereo sound. This means the left and right speakers transmit audio

on two completely separate channels. By using two speakers, music

sounds much more natural since our ears are used to hearing

sounds from the left and right at the same time. Surround systems

may include four to seven speakers (plus a subwoofer), which

creates an even more realistic experience.

19



: Printed Circuit Board :

Full form of PCB is Printed Circuit Board. It is more essential for circuit

board. We can make a circuit very easily by the PCB. The track of PCB

maybe golden or maybe copper. It maybe two or four layer.

The PCB of quiz display

20



+ V1

D4LED0

D3LED0

D2LED0

D1LED0

U4C

U4B

U4A

C i r c u i t d i a g r a m o f q u i z d i s p l a y &

b uz z e r

S4

S3

S2

S1+ V15V

U5D

U5C

U5B

U5A

U3BU3A

U2CU2B

U2AU1C

U1BU1A

2 1



: Working Principle :

The switch S1,S2,S3 and S4 are a push to off. U1A, U1B,U1C, U2A,

U2B,U2C,U3A and U3B are And gate. U5A, U5B, U5C and U5D are the

not gate. D1, D2, D3 and D4 are the LED. U4A, U4B and U4C are the

or gate. Q1 is a NPN transistor. SPK1 is the buzzer. All are the

component connect as the circuit diagram.

When the switch S1 is off state, the current pass through the First

gate (pin-2) of IC-1, and the output of the first gate (Pin-12) isconnect to the second gate (Pin-11), so the current pass through the

second gate of IC 1. The output current of the second gate of IC 1 is

divided into two current path. One current path will go to the first

gate of IC5 (Pin-1) and D1. So, the D1 is on. After this current will go

- ,

the base of Q1(BC547), so the transistor is on, finally sound generate

by the buzzer. And the other current path will go first gate(U5A) of

IC4 (Pin-1). the output of U5A is low (according to the function of notgate), and all other gate are inactive (U1C, U2A,U2B, U2C, U3A

andU3B). Also the buzzer and D1is on state at a same time.


gate (pin no 2) of IC-2, and the output of the first gate (Pin- 12) is

connect to the second gate (Pin-11), so the current pass through the

second gate of IC 2. The output current of the second gate (Pin-8) of

IC 2 is divided into two current path. One current path will go to thefirst gate of IC5 (Pin-2) and D2. So, the D2 is on. After this current will

go to gate 4 via pin-3 and 12 of IC5, and finally will rich this current

to the base of Q1(BC547),

22



so the transistor is on, finally sound generate by the buzzer. And the

other current path will go second gate(U5B) of IC4 (Pin-3). the

output of U5B is low (according to the function of not gate), and allother gate are inactive (U1A, U2B,U2B, U2C, U3A andU3B). Also the

buzzer and D2 is on state at a same time.

When the switch S3 is off state, the current pass through the third

gate (pin-4) of IC-1, and the output of the third gate (Pin-6) is

connect to the third gate (Pin-3), so the current pass through the

third gate of IC 2. The output current of the third gate of IC 2 is

divided into two current path. One current path will go to thesecond gate of IC5 (Pin-4) and D3. So, the D3 is on. After this

current will go to gate 4 via pin-6 and 13 of IC5, and finally will rich

this current to the base of Q1(BC547), so the transistor is on, finally

sound generate by the buzzer. And the other current path will go

third gate(U5C) of IC4 (Pin-5). the output of U5C is low (according to

the function of not gate), and all other gate are inactive (U1C,

U2A,U2A, U2B, U3A andU3B). Also the buzzer and D3is on state at a

same time.


gate (pin-2) of IC-3, and the output of the first gate (Pin-12) is

connect to the second gate (Pin-11) of IC3, so the current pass

through the second gate of IC 3. The output current of the second

gate of IC 3 is divided into two current path. One current path will go

to the second gate of IC5 (Pin-5) and D4. So, the D4 is on. After this

current will go to gate 4 via pin-6 and 13 of IC5, and finally will richthis current to the base of Q1(BC547), so the transistor is on, finally

sound generate by the buzzer. And the other current path will go

fourth gate(U5D) of IC4 (Pin-9). The output of U5D is low (according

to the function of not gate), and all other gate are inactive (U1C,

U2A,U2B, U2C, U1A andU1B). Also the buzzer and D4is on state at a

same time.23



: Key Features :

• Modular design: any number of units can be attached.

• Nothing requires to be changed to the hardware if the system

operates with a different number of pusher units.

• Easy installation : units don't need to be ordered on the bus. A

simple daisy chain does the trick.

• Almost Impossible To Fool : no ties, no double pushes, no

switch-bouncing problems.

• sp ay s sw c e on on y w en e person presses s sw c

• Compact: the size of the unit is mainly the display and the

buzzer.

• Cheap : only off-the-shelf components. Completely

asynchronous design

24



No. Component Qty Price

1 Transformer 1 Rs. 55.00

2 Diode 4 Rs. 4.00

3 Capacitor 1 Rs. 2.00

4 IC – 7805 1 Rs. 6.00

5 Switch 4 Rs. 40.00

6 IC – 74LS11 3 Rs. 24.00

7 IC – 74LS04 1 Rs. 8.00

: Cost Details :

25

8 IC – 74LS32 1 Rs. 10.00

9 LED 4 Rs. 8.00

10 Buzzer 1 Rs. 40.00

11 Transistor 1 Rs. 1.00

TOTAL COST Rs. 198.00



: Conclusion :

This project is used to make our own quiz-show or a real TV

show or even simply to have fun.

It solves the problem of knowing who pushed the buzzer first.

It's also fun to analyze because its a clever little hack.

It can be used in a Quiz Competition with more numbers of

Contestant with an affordable Cost.

Simply an ideal low cost Reality Program solution.

26

Quize Display

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