QUIZ 10/21 1.What are Earthquakes? 2._____ is the deformation of a material caused by stress....
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Transcript of QUIZ 10/21 1.What are Earthquakes? 2._____ is the deformation of a material caused by stress....
QUIZ 10/211. What are Earthquakes? 2. _____ is the deformation of a
material caused by stress. 3. Describe tension stress. 4. Faulting causes rock to _________ .
Answers 1. Vibrations of the earth’s crust caused by a
sudden release of energy
2. Strain
3. pulls apart
4. Break
QUIZ 10/22 1. Define fault. 2. Which type of fault is a result of tension stress
causing horizontal & vertical movement.3. Which type of fault is a result of compression
stress causing horizontal & vertical movement? 4. Which type of fault is a result of shear stress
causing horizontal movement? BONUS:What type of fault is associated with divergent plates?
Answers
1.Fault = any fracture or system of fractures along which the Earth moves
2. Normal Fault 3. Reverse Fault 4. Strike Slip Fault 5. Normal Fault
Seismic Waves
Vibrations of the ground during an earthquake are called seismic
waves
Vibrations (earthquakes) occur as rock elastically returns to its original position. Feels like
shaking or trembling
Every EQ generates three types of seismic waves
1.Primary2.Secondary
3.Surface
Primary Waves
• P- waves • Fast waves• Travel through solids, liquids, or
gases• Compressional movement,
squeeze & push rocks in the direction which the waves are traveling
Secondary waves • S-waves • Slower than P waves• Travel through solids only• Shear movement of rocks at
right angles in the direction of the waves
Body Waves
Both P- waves and S-waves pass through Earth’s interior, because of
this they are referred to as BODY WAVES
Surface Waves
Slowest types of wave Travels only along the Earth’s
surface Up & down and side-to-side
movement Cause the most ground movement
and take the longest time to pass Usually causes the most
destruction
Rayleigh waves
ground rolls; ground moves
up & down similar to
water waves
Love wavesshear waves
cause the ground to move
horizontally from side to
side
Body waves
(P and S) travel inside Earth.
Surface waves travel along Earth’s surface.
Body Waves and Surface Waves
The Focus and Epicenter of an EQ
• The point below the Earth’s surface where faulting begins & waves originate is called the focus
• The point directly above the focus on the surface is the epicenter
HOMEWORK
• READ TEXT p 532-534• Quiz???
ANY QUESTIONS?