Quinn hki food_security
-
Upload
core-group -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
620 -
download
1
Transcript of Quinn hki food_security
![Page 1: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
HKI’s Enhanced Homestead
Food Production model
Linking food production to
nutrition outcomes Victoria Quinn, PhDSenior Vice President, ProgramsHelen Keller InternationalPresentation made to CORE GroupWashington, DC 14 September 2010
![Page 2: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Today’s presentation
2
I. Case Study: HKI’s Homestead Food Production
program and results to date
II. Agricultural programs: design issues relevant for
nutrition outcomes
III. Future challenges
IV. Take home messages
![Page 3: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
I. Case Study:Helen Keller International’s Homestead Food Production
program model
![Page 4: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Pilot Home Gardening Project initiated in
Bangladesh
• Initiated the first pilot project in 1990 to improve dietary diversity and micronutrient status, particularly vitamin A
• Worked with 1000 marginal and landless families represented by women
• Based on the findings from the pilot project, eventually scaled up throughout the country to cover 220 sub-districts
![Page 5: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Expanded concept of Home Gardening to
Homestead Food Production
• Study results showed lower bioefficacy of -carotene from plant foods than previously assumed.
West et al. 2002, J. Nutr. 132: 2920S–2926S
• HKI added animal foods into food-based programs to increase micronutrient intake among women and children
HKI Nutrition Bulletin Jan 2003, APRO
![Page 6: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
HKI’s HFP program model…Objective of HFP program model: improve nutritional status of vulnerable members of low income households through home production of micronutrient (MN) rich crops and small animals, poultry, …
Until recently the nutrition focus was on dietary diversity and micronutrients (esp. vitamin A and iron) and not on child growth
Today our ‘new’ enhanced-HFP model has a stronger focus on infant & young child feeding and behavior change (via Essential Nutrition Actions) with expectations for improvements in child growth.
![Page 7: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
HKI’s HFP program model
Where? Since 1990, now in four countries in Asia: Bangladesh, Nepal, Cambodia and Philippines. Just launched in Africa in Burkina Faso (with IFPRI and local partners)
Coverage? Cumulative to-date more than 950,000 families (e.g 5.5 million people) reached (e.g. majority in Bangladesh)
Who? Primarily target women farmers from poorer households
![Page 8: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Characteristics of a typical HFP program
• Length of HFP program cycle: families participate with HKI support for 3 years; thereafter 1-2 more years support through local NGO
• Utilize existing community structures to establish Village Model Farms (VMF) around which are formed ‘farmers/women’s groups’ whose members receive agricultural support and nutrition education
![Page 9: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Characteristics of a typical HFP program
• Integrate home gardening with small animal husbandry, poultry/fowl production and fish farming
• Promote year round access of indigenous micronutrient rich crops and animal source foods, many of which are already being produced by households
• Improve on local farming practices to extent possible
• Many variations on this theme as local circumstances differ widely
![Page 10: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Inputs provided: – Improved chicken breeds, fish cultivars, horticultural
inputs– Poultry vaccines, animal fodder (Napier grass)
• Training in farming and animal husbandry
• Establishing linkages for marketing & resource access
Examples of support provided…
![Page 11: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
• Past HFP model: provided training on traditional nutrition education with a focus on dietary diversity
• Current E-HFP model: provides training on Essential Nutrition Action behavior change including infant and young child feeding (breastfeeding & complementary feeding) as well as stronger links with local health system
Examples of support provided…
![Page 12: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• HKI works through local NGOs and government offices (> 200 to date in the four countries).
• NGO involvement ensures community ownership and sustainability.
• Communities instrumental from start in design (Triple AAA cycle), implementation and evaluation
• Partner engagement and contributionHKI: financial, technical & managerialNGOs: personnel, operationalHouseholds: poultry & fish feed, poultry shed
Characteristics of a typical HFP program
![Page 13: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
HKI’s HFP program model
Village Model Farm (VMF)
Farmer’s Groups(women’s groups)
Households(women)
15-20 VMFs per district
2-3 Groups per VMF
20 HHs per group
Approximately 1,200 households per district
![Page 14: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Village Model Farm
![Page 15: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Natural techniques
![Page 16: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Appropriate technology and practices
![Page 17: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Village Model Farm Nursery
![Page 18: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Focus on women: beneficiary garden
![Page 19: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
HFP produce used in food demonstrations for child nutrition day
![Page 20: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Support for small scale poultry production
![Page 21: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Health workers and Essential Nutrition Actions education session targeting mothers in HFP program
![Page 22: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Some results…
![Page 23: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
Regarding HKI’s HFP program in Bangladesh, IFPRI reports (2009):
“…there is sufficient evidence to conclude that HFP is improving household food security, and in some cases nutrition and other intermediary outcomes”
IFPRI Evaluation under Millions Fed review: Improving diet quality and micronutrient nutrition: Homestead food production in Bangladesh by Iannotti, Lora; Cunningham, Kenda; Ruel, Marie. 2009. IFPRI Discussion Paper 928.
![Page 24: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
24
Source: Bushamuka, V. N., S. de Pee, A. Talukder, L. Kiess, D. Panagides, A. Taher, and M. Bloem. 2005. Impact of a homestead gardening program on household food security and empowerment of women in Bangladesh. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26 (1): 17–25.
Micronutrient rich crops: diversity, production and consumption increased
![Page 25: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
25
Production and consumption of vegetables by type of garden (n=10,107), Bangladesh
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
None Traditional Improved Developed
Garden type
Chi
ld c
onsu
mpt
ion/
# va
rietie
s
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Pro
duct
ion
(kg)
Child consumption
Number of varieties
Production in last 2 mo (kg)
Source: Talukder et al. Food Nutr Bull 2000;21:165-172
Crop diversity, production and consumption increased
![Page 26: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Prevalence of nightblindness among underfives (12-59 mo) that had not received VAC by home garden and poultry
ownership (n=4296), Bangladesh (Kiess et al, APHA abstract)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
No HG, No Poultry Poultry HG HG & Poultry
Prev
alen
ce o
f XN
(%)
Night blindness decreased
![Page 27: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Anemia prevalence among children aged 6-59 mo from program and control households in Bangladesh, Cambodia,
Nepal and Philippines at BL and EL.
64
45
66
50
65
5764 65
7870 72 70
43
17
59
31
0102030405060708090
Target Control Target Control Target Control Target Control
Bangladesh Nepal Cambodia Philippines
BaselineEndline
Source: Talukder et al. FACTS Report 2010
![Page 28: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Anemia prevalence among non-pregnant women from program and control HHs in Bangladesh, Cambodia and Nepal
at baseline and endline
51.4 51.658
51.560
51.8
40.851.9 42.945
62.9
50.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Target Control Target Control Target Control
Bangladesh Nepal Cambodia
BaselineEndline
Source: Talukder et al. FACTS Report 2010
Essential Nutrition ActionsControl of anemia
•Dietary diversity, especially animal source foods•De-worming
•Iron folate supplementation•Fortification, including at home with micronutrient powders
(e.g. Sprinkles)
![Page 29: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29Source: Bushamuka, V. N., S. de Pee, A. Talukder, L. Kiess, D. Panagides, A. Taher, and M. Bloem. 2005. Impact of a homestead gardening program on household food security and empowerment of women in Bangladesh. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26 (1): 17–25.
Income increases
![Page 30: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30Source: Bushamuka, V. N., S. de Pee, A. Talukder, L. Kiess, D. Panagides, A. Taher, and M. Bloem. 2005. Impact of a homestead gardening program on household food security and empowerment of women in Bangladesh. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26 (1): 17–25.
Women’s role in family strengthened
![Page 31: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
HFP Sustainability and Costs
•In all four countries, approximately 95% of the households continue to engage in HFP even after their program participation is over.
•Over a 7 year period of study HFP was estimated to cost $7.66 per household
Source: Bushamuka, V. N., S. de Pee, A. Talukder, L. Kiess, D. Panagides, A. Taher, and M. Bloem. 2005. Impact of a homestead gardening program on household food security and empowerment of women in Bangladesh. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26 (1): 17–25.
![Page 32: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
III. Agricultural programs: some key design issues relevant for nutrition
outcomes
![Page 33: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Human, Economic, and Institutional Resources
Nutritional Status
Health Diet
Household Food Security
Potential Resources
Ecological Conditions
Care of Mother and Child
Environ. Health,Hygiene & Sanitation
Political and Ideological Structure RootCauses
Manifestations
ImmediateCauses
UnderlyingCauses
Adapted from UNICEF
Conceptual Framework of Undernutrition
FOOD CARE HEALTH
![Page 34: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Key program impact pathways to achieve objectives…
• Increased year-round production & consumption of home produced micronutrient-rich vegetables and fruits and animal source foods (increased dietary diversity)
• Increased household income from the sale of production that can be used to purchase nutritious foods & other necessities, especially that under control of participating women
• Improved child nutrition and health practices through nutrition education and links to local health services
• Improved child care and family welfare through the empowerment of participating women
New enhanced-HFP Model: increases emphasis on
Care and Health
![Page 35: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Impact
Supportive supervision
Project Monitoring and Evaluation
Input Process Outputs Outcomes
HKI, NTAG, NNSWA, SMJK, DHO, DADO, DOLS
HKI partners with local NGOs and
government
Village Model Farms
(VMF) established
Small animal
production established
Increased production of nutrient-rich fruits & vegetables
HFPB groups
established
Linkages to VMF, FCHVs and health
services
Agriculture inputs including seeds,
saplings and poultry
Improved and
developed gardens
established
Increased Income
Improved child care
and feeding
practices
Beneficiaries understand agriculture
training
Increased animal source food
production
Increased household
consumption
Improved maternal and child
health and nutritional
status
Agriculture-related training
HKI’s EHFP ModelProgram Impact Pathways
Essential Nutrition Actions using
behavior change
Beneficiaries understand &
adopt ENA messages and
use health facilities
![Page 36: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Impact
Supportive supervision
Project Monitoring and Evaluation
Input Process Outputs Outcomes
HKI, NTAG, NNSWA, SMJK, DHO, DADO, DOLS
HKI partners with local NGOs and
government
Village Model Farms
(VMF) established
Small animal
production established
Increased production of nutrient-rich fruits & vegetables
HFPB groups
established
Linkages to VMF, FCHVs and health
services
Agriculture inputs including seeds,
saplings and poultry
Improved and
developed gardens
established
Increased Income
Beneficiaries understand &
adopt ENA messages and
use health facilities
Improved child care
and feeding
practices
Beneficiaries understand agriculture
training
Increased animal source food
production
Increased household
consumption
Improved maternal and child
health and nutritional
status
Agriculture-related training
Program Impact Pathways
Essential Nutrition Actions using
behavior change
FOOD
CARE &
HEALTH
HKI’s EHFP ModelProgram Impact Pathways
![Page 37: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Impact
Supportive supervision
Project Monitoring and Evaluation
Input Process Outputs Outcomes
HKI, NTAG, NNSWA, SMJK, DHO, DADO, DOLS
HKI partners with local NGOs and
government
Village Model Farms
(VMF) established
Small animal
production established
Increased production of nutrient-rich fruits & vegetables
HFPB groups
established
Linkages to VMF, FCHVs and health
services
Agriculture inputs including seeds,
saplings and poultry
Improved and
developed gardens
established
Increased Income
Beneficiaries understand &
adopt ENA messages and
use health facilities
Improved child care
and feeding
practices
Beneficiaries understand agriculture
training
Increased animal source food
production
Increased household
consumption
Improved maternal and child
health and nutritional
status
Agriculture-related training
Program Impact Pathways
Essential Nutrition Actions using
behavior change
FOOD
CARE &
HEALTH
HKI’s EHFP ModelProgram Impact Pathways
![Page 38: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
IV. Future challenges…
![Page 39: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
• Document impact of E-HFP on nutrition outcomes, especially child growth, using program theory (with IFPRI)
• Conduct research to un-pack the many ‘black boxes’ to improve cost-effectiveness (with IFPRI)
• How to address landless (ultra poor) and families with very small holdings
![Page 40: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
• Adapting EHFP to Africa…How to cope with -• Water limitations• Weak government infrastructure & services • Many fewer local NGOs
-Opportunity to marry orange-fleshed sweetpotato work with EHFP
![Page 41: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
V. Key take away messages
![Page 42: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
42
Message 1
FOOD + CARE + HEALTH
![Page 43: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
43
Design agricultural programs to empower women in their important role as the gatekeepers of household food security, food production and child nutrition in
order to maximize positive nutritional impact.
Keep an eye on how programs may influence women’s control of resources in the family and as
well as women’s time use (e.g. for childcare) so as to “do no harm”.
Message 2
WOMEN
![Page 44: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
44
Key role of women in nutrition and agriculture
![Page 45: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
HKI gratefully acknowledgements support for HFP from:
USAID, OFDA NOVIB Partner NGOs in Cambodia, Nepal, Bangladesh and the
Philippines CIDA European Union Monsanto NHF IFPRI www.hki.org
![Page 46: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Thank You!
![Page 47: Quinn hki food_security](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062412/588082381a28ab35718b4f05/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
The preceding slides were presented at theCORE Group 2010 Fall Meeting
Washington, DC
To see similar presentations, please visit:www.coregroup.org/resources/meetingreports