IE Business School Application

A. If you had the opportunity what actions would you demand of the United Nations Secretary General

SUPPORTING NATIONS IN TRANSITION

POST 2015 DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK

Millennium Development Goals

To free people from extreme poverty and depravations, all 193 members of the United Nations pledged to achieve these goals:

MDG1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

MDG2: Achieve universal primary education

MDG3: Promote gender equality and empower women

MDG4: Reduce Child Mortality

MDG5: Improve Maternal Health

MDG6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

MDG7: Ensure environmental sustainability

MDG8: Develop a global partnership for development

By:2015

Progress

MDG1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Proportion of people living on less than $1.25/day: 47% 1990 - 24% 2008

Food deprivation and malnutrition continues

MDG2: Achieve Universal Primary Education

Slow progress in primary school enrolment

MDG3: Promote gender equality and empower women

Women gaining representation in parliaments, progress slow

Barriers in employment and education still prevalent

Progress

MDG4: Reduce child mortality

Mortality rate of under 5 year olds declined: 97 deaths per 1000 births to 63

Significant progress remaining

MDG5: Improve maternal health

Maternal mortality declined 47% since 1990, far from 2015 target

Progress slow and uneven

MDG6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Fewer AIDS related deaths, large increases in HIV survival

Number of new HIV/AIDS infections continues to be large

Incidence of malaria and malaria specific mortality rates have fallen

Progress

MDG7: Ensure environmental sustainability

1.1 billion people still have no sanitation facilities

Over 2 billion people have gained access to safe drinking water

MDG8: Develop a global partnership for development

Development aid has fallen due to economic constraints on donor countries

Global economic conditions are threatening to slow progress

Progress has been made, Some targets metMuch work remains

Achieving the MDGs by 2015 is challenging

Issues Poorly designed targets are difficult to substantiate

Misleading statistics not quantifiable indicators of progress

Inequalities which marginalize sections of society

No focus on inequalities, a root cause of poverty

No framework on equity, growth, sustainability

No language on human rights, good governance, security and protection

World has changed significantly since MDGs were formulated

Nevertheless the MDGs have achieved muchThey channeled political energies and

investments Brought about reductions in poverty, disease and child mortality

Improved educational enrollment, water quality, female empowerment, basic health

and other essentials

With two years left, What should the post 2015

framework look like?

Recommendations for the Post 2015 Framework

Global Commitment to Economic Growth & Development:

Rollover existing MDGs,

Promote equity, social and gender equality

Sustainable development

Global agreement – applying to rich and poor countries - with a focus on:

Poverty reduction

Combatting disease & Malnutrition

Public goods & basic necessities - clean water, sanitation facilities

Human capital – primary & secondary education

Human rights & freedoms

Good governance

Recommendations for the Post 2015 Framework

Quantifiable targets as binding global minimum standards

100% primary and secondary school enrollment globally

Eradicate child mortality

Allow nations to set domestic targets, focus on national development issues

Human Rights framework wherein every individual a rights holder

Governments recognize & protect these rights, held accountable

Supporting Nations in TransitionA multifaceted approach to assist countries making the painful transition from authoritarian rule to democratic government:

Promoting the rule of law in fragile and conflict environments

Strengthen justice systems and protect human rights

Peacekeeping, disarmament, demobilization to restore public security

Transparent electoral processes and preparing new constitutions

Promote political accountability and representation of minorities

Build legislative, governmental, financial and educational institutions

Supporting Nations in Transition

Why?

Challenges of creating functioning democracies

Political vacuums and rise of extremism

Thousands of people still in detention

Weak government and active militias

Worldwide allegations of unfair elections

Large build up of armaments due to civil war conditions

Human rights abuses and marginalization of minorities

Controversial new constitutions, as witnessed in Egypt

Political turbulence and disenfranchisement

Challenges of Post Arab Spring world

Supporting Nations in Transition

Promote disarmament and build judicial, legislative, economic and social institutions

Judicial & Legislative

Aid drafting new constitutions which protect human rights

Assist nations in conducting fair and free elections

Training in governance and legislative mechanics

Support the resumptions of courts and judicial reform

Ensure minority rights and representation

Advise budgetary planning

Supporting Nations in Transition

Security & Disarmament

Support national reconciliation in post civil war environments

Disarm , demobilize and reintegrate militias

Securing weapons and non traditional arms

Assist police forces in providing security

Economic & Social

Empower women and encourage political representation

Support refugee rehabilitation

Collaborate with financial institutions and regional development banks

Microfinance initiatives to assist low income groups and small business

Assistance is significant in ensuring a smooth transition to

competent governments, functioning courts, and peace &

security

These investments prevent future conflicts, political turbulence and extremist

governments