Question?How does science affect you in

your daily life?

Some different types of science

BiologyAstronomyMeteorologyChemistryGeologyHydrology

So, how does science impact me?

Bell RingerWhat does science mean to you?

What is Science?An organized way of using

evidence to learn about the natural world

Concepts cannot be made up

How do scientists think?Start with observations

◦A process of gathering information in an orderly way

◦Example – my computer won’t start.WHAT WOULD YOU DO?

◦Information collected is called data

2 categories of dataQuantitative – based on numbers

◦Ex) there are 5 eggs in the nest she owns 75 pairs of shoes

Qualitative – descriptive information that involves characteristics and cannot be counted

◦Ex) the group appears to be happy they must be hungry

What do we do with dataUse it to make an inference

◦A logical interpretation based on prior knowledge or experience

◦Ex) OK drinking water?

Explaining and interpreting evidencePROBLEM

◦What is the ball made out of? What would be your plan of action to try to answer the question?

What’s the ball made out of?Compare and Contrast

SmellFeelSound

(black box)

(scientific method graphic organizer)

Scientific Method1. State a problem and research it

2. Form a hypothesis◦ “if _______, then ________” statements

◦ A proposed scientific explanation

◦ Done using prior knowledge, logical inference and informed/creative imagination

Scientific method3. Setting/Performing a controlled experiment

◦ Write out detailed procedure and conduct◦ Only 1 variable changed at a time◦ 3 variable types

Controlled – stays the same Manipulated – deliberately changed Responding –happens as a result of the manipulation

4. Observe, recording and interpret results

5. Drawing a conclusion◦ What happened?

LEGO Procedure LabCan your procedure be replicated?1. Behind a screen, assemble 10 blocks into

an unusual structure. Write directions that others can use to replicate that structure without seeing it.

2. Exchange directions with another team. Replicate the team’s structure by using its directions.

3. Compare each replicated and original structure. Identify which parts of the directions were clear and accurate, and which were unclear or misleading.

Post LEGO lab questions1. How could you have written

better directions?

2. Why is it important that scientists write procedures that can be replicated?

When you cannot experimentSometime need to observe in

natural setting (field studies)

Sometimes experiments are not ethical◦human/animal right controversies

◦So, they may try larger investigations

◦Ex) use a group already exposed to a substance

Result of many investigations Theory – a well tested

explanation that unifies a broad range of observations

◦a particular hypothesis that has evidence support from many investigations

◦May be dominant view, but not absolutely true

BiologyThe study of life

What makes something live?◦Needs to have the characteristics

possessed by living things

Characteristics of Life - Video1. Reproduce

1. Sexual2. Asexual

2. Grow/Develop

3. Respond to Environment/Move◦ Stimulus – a signal to which an

organism responds

4. Obtain & Utilize Energy◦ Metabolism –

breaking down and building up of materials to carry out life processes

http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/8490-understanding-cells-the-characteristics-of-life-video.htm

More Characteristics of Life 5. AdaptationsEvolution - the changing of

an organism over time

6. Made of CellsThe smallest live unit of an

organism

7. Contain DNA Universal genetic

code

8. Maintain Homeostasis

The process of maintaining stable internal conditions

Important Qualities of BiologyAs organisms grow, they are able to

evolve

Allows the living world to be very diverse

Among different

organisms and similar

organisms

How do we know all this stuff?Remember…

◦Science is a collection of facts that are proven to be true through the use of research

Scientists use a series of steps to investigate answers to questions they may have◦Scientific Method

Reinforcementname the characteristic of lifedescribed in

each example.

1. That boy shot up five inches in only one year.2. Our cat had a litter of kittens yesterday.3. Eat a good breakfast and you will run longer.4. When that car moved, our cat ran under the

porch.5. The owls night vision allows it to see mice on the

darkest of night.6. Single celled organisms live in that pond.7. Your body normally maintains a temperature of

98.6 F.8. Scientists can prove if 2 organisms are similar by

looking at their chemical make-up.

Reinforcementdetermine if the following describes a living or

non-living thing.

1. Rust on a car

2. An apple on a tree

3. Bacteria

4. Lightning

5. Dinosaur Fossil

6. A wasp

Tools and ProceduresUse same standards in order to

replicate procedures

Measuring – metric system (meter, liter, gram, Celsius)

Analyzing – tables and graphs

Microscopes – magnify images not seen by naked eye

Techniques Cell cultures – making many cells

from 1 cell

Cell fractionation – separating 1 part of a cell from another

Safety – remember to always be SAFE!