Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x...
Transcript of Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x...
![Page 1: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Scientific Measurement
![Page 2: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
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Quantitative vs. Qualitative
Quantitative measurement:
Number + units
“This person has a
temperature of 102.3 F.”
Qualitative measurement:
Descriptive
“This person feels feverish.”
![Page 3: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
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Precise: how close a group of
measurements are.
Accurate: how close to the true
value a measurement is.
accurate
& precise
precise
onlyneither
![Page 4: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
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Precision vs. Accuracy ?
A student measured her
height to be 153, 155 and
156 cm.
Her true height is 168 cm.
Precise and/or accurate?
(Instruments are calibrated
to give accurate measurements)
![Page 5: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
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Error
Student measures temperature
of boiling water to be 103.2oC.
The true value is 100.0oC.
Error = measured - accepted
= 103.2oC – 100.0oC
= 3.2oC
![Page 6: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
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3.2oC
100oC= x 100
Percent Error
Percent error =error
acceptedx 100
= 3.2%
![Page 7: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
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Percent Error: Try It
A Quality Control technician
measures that there are
only 1.92 L of soda in a
bottle that should contain
2.00 L. What is the % error
in filling the bottle?
![Page 8: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
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Scientific Notation
Avogadro’s Number:
602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000
6.022 x 1023
Mass of H atom
0.00000000000000000000000166 g
1.66 x 10-24 g
![Page 9: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
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Scientific Notation
N. x 10m
6.02 x 1023
coefficient exponent
![Page 10: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
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Scientific Notation
1.Start with number in decimal form.
2.Count number of places to move
decimal point to get one digit to the
left of the decimal point.
•shift decimal left exp. increases
•shift decimal right exp. decreases
0.00083 = 8.3 x 10-4
![Page 11: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
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Scientific Notation: Try It !
Express in proper scientific notation:
2001.
0.00345
40230000.
34.5 x 105
34.5 x 10-5
0.029 x 10-6
![Page 12: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
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Scientific Notation
Can you go backwards?
Express as decimal numbers.
3.3 x 10-3
6.2 x 104
![Page 13: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
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Using Scientific Notation
Multiplication (& division):
•multiply (divide) coefficients and
add (or subtract) exponents
(8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) =
= 56 x 103
= 5.6 x 104
![Page 14: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
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Using Scientific Notation
Try it !
(8.0 x 10-2) (7.0 x 105) = ?
x
y
x divided by y:
xy x/y per
Note:
![Page 15: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
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Addition & subtraction:•convert to same exponents, then
just add (or subtract) coefficients
(3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) =
(3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) =
= 3.17 x 10-5
Using Scientific Notation
![Page 16: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Using a Scientific
Calculator
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(3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) =
3.42E-5 - 2.5E-6 enter
Do not use the 10x button!
![Page 17: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
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Scientific Notation Try It!
(6.2 x 10-3) x (1.5 x 101)
(8.8 x 106) (2.2 x 10-1)
(6.7 x 10-2) + (3.0 x 10-3)
(7.32 x 104) – (6.10 x 103)
Try with & without scientific calc.
![Page 18: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Significant Figures
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If I asked you to measure the
width of this room, how many
digits would you write down?
30 ft
32 ft
32.4 ft
32.43 ft
32.437 ft
![Page 19: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
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--read the scale
--estimate one more digit
--always use units
Significant Figures:
0.6m
0.61m
0.607m. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
![Page 20: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Significant Figures
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--read the scale
--estimate one more digit
--always use units
![Page 21: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
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Reading Sig Fig: Rules
All non-zeros are significant.
1.234 ft
Zeros between non-zero
numbers are significant.
40,501 ft
![Page 22: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
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Significant Figures
Zeros to the left of the first non-zero number are not significant.
0.00349 ft
Zeros to right of the last non-zero number are significant if there is a decimal point.
0.09030 ft
![Page 23: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
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Significant Figures
300 ft 1 sig fig
300. ft 3 sig figs
How would you show 2 sig figs?
Need scientific notation:
3. x 102 ft 1 sig fig
3.0 x 102 ft 2 sig figs
3.00 x 102 ft 3 sig figs
![Page 24: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
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“Exact” Numbers(unlimited sig figs)
Counting: for example, 8 people
![Page 25: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
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Many conversion factors:
12 inches = 1 foot
12.000… in = 1.0000… ft
“Exact” Numbers(unlimited sig figs)
![Page 26: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
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How Many Sig Figs ?
123 m
0.123 m
40506 m
9.800 x 104 m
0.07080 m
98000 m
6 bottles
![Page 27: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
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Rounding
32.6 to 2 sig figs is 33.
314.721 to 4 sig figs is ?
0.001775 to 2 sig figs is ?
9792 to 2 sig figs is ?
If digit after the last sig fig is >5,
increase the last sig fig by 1.
![Page 28: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
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Sig Figs in Calculations
Addition & Subtraction: Sig figs of
answer determined by number with
fewest digits to right of decimal.
12.52
+ 349.0
361.52
![Page 29: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
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Honors:
(3.467 x 10-3) + (6.7 x 10-2) = ?
3.467 + 6.7 = ?
Addition & Subtraction: Try It!
![Page 30: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
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Multiplication & Division: Sig figs of
answer determined by number
with the least number of sig figs.
2.4526 8.3 = ?
= 0.295493976
= 0.30
Sig Figs in Calculations
![Page 31: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
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(8.2 x 10-3) x (7.25 x 108) = ?
(6.234 x 10-5) (4.3 x 10-2) = ?
Multiplication / Division: Try It!
![Page 32: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
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Sig Figs in Calculations
With your backpack on,
your mass is 72.1 kg.
Your mass is 65.42 kg.
What is the mass of your
backpack?
![Page 33: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
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Sig Figs in Calculations
How many fluid ounces are there
per glass if a 32 oz. soda bottle is
divided evenly among 7 glasses?
![Page 34: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
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Metric (SI) Units
Add 9 in + 1 yd 2 ft 4 in38
316
Add 16.54 cm + 1.0160 m
compared to:
Which is easier?
![Page 35: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
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Metric SystemRegents Table D
Quantity Units
Length Meter
Volume Cubic Meter, Liter
Mass Gram, Kilogram
Temp Kelvin, Celsius
Time Second
Energy Joule
![Page 36: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
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Prefixes (Regents Table C)
Prefix Symbol Factor
kilo k 103
deci d 10-1
centi c 10-2
milli m 10-3
micro m 10-6
e.g. 1 cm = 10-2 m = 0.01 m
![Page 37: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
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Write an equality for the following units:
1 mm = ? m
4.3 cg = ? g
3 kg = ? g
6.9 ms = ? s
Prefixes (Regents Table C)
![Page 38: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
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Metric Length
Unit Examples
kilometer (km) ~5/8 mile
meter (m) ~ yard
centimeter(cm) width of button
millimeter (mm) thickness of dime
micrometer (mm) diameter of cell
![Page 39: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
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Metric VolumeVolume related to length:
(length3 = V)Unit Examples
Cubic centimeter Cube of sugar
(cm3 = cc)
Liter (L) Quart of milk
Milliliter (mL) 20 drops water
Note: 1cm3 = 1mL
![Page 40: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
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Metric Mass
Unit Examples Kilogram (kg) Small textbook
Gram (g) Paperclip
Milligram (mg) Ten grains of salt
1 mL = 1 cm3 = 1g H2O
![Page 41: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Density
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Reading assignment handout.
Sink or float?
![Page 42: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
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Question ????
Which is heavier: a pound of lead
or a pound of feathers ?
vs. ?
![Page 43: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
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Density
Density = massvolume
Density of a substance is
independent of the mass
and volume.
Density of 2 kg of Pb is 11.4 g/cm3
Density of 9 kg of Pb is 11.4 g/cm3
![Page 44: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
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Density
Density scale is defined by water.
Recall:
1 mL = 1 cm3 = 1g H2O
Thus DH2O = 1.00g
cm3
![Page 45: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
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Density
Density in g/cm3 at 25oC
Au 19.3 H2O 0.997
Hg 13.5 H2O 1.00 (4oC)
Pb 11.4 Ice 0.917 (0oC)
Fe 7.87 Gasoline 0.66-0.69
Al 2.70 Wood 0.11-1.33
Bone 1.7-2.0 Air 0. 00119
![Page 46: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
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Density
A plastic ball with a volume of 19.7
cm3 has a mass of 15.8 g.
Would this ball sink or float in a
container of gasoline?
(Density of gasoline is 0.68 g/cm3.)
![Page 47: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
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Temperature
Recall: temperature is
a measure of the average kinetic
energy of atoms & molecules.
Atoms & molecules
are always in motion.
![Page 48: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
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Temperature
Is there a temperature where
motion stops ?
Yes! absolute zero
![Page 49: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
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Temperature Scales
Celsius Kelvin
No motion-273 0
373Water boils 100
273Water freezes 0
(Size of
degree is
the same)
![Page 50: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
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Temperature Scales
Converting: Celsius Kelvin
K = oC + 273
Regents Table T
![Page 51: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
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Temperature Scales
K = oC + 273Convert:
•25oC to K
•150K to oC
What is the difference between
the B.P. and F.P. of water in oC & in K?
![Page 52: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
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Heat
Heat, a form of energy, flows
between two objects if they are at
different temperatures.
Hot Cold
![Page 53: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
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Heat
Heat (energy) is not
temperature (a measurement).
Which burns more: spoonful of
boiling water or pot of boiling water ?
![Page 54: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
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![Page 55: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Warm-up
55
Which is bigger?
102 or 103
10-2 or 10-3
Note: 102 = 1 x 102
![Page 56: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Warm-up
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Express in scientific notation:
0.000745 6,283,000,000
Do the following calculations:
6.2E-4 / 8.1E-3 =
7.1E-2 + 6.0E-3 =
Note: 6.2 x 10-4 = 6.2E-4
![Page 57: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Warm-up
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What are sig figs?
How many sig figs in:
0.090300 m?
42 sandwiches?
![Page 58: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Warm-up
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Do the calculation, express in proper
scientific notation and sig figs:
5.41cm + .27568 cm =
2.772E-2 cm / 8.1E3 cm =
Honors:
5.417E-2 cm + 2.7E-3 cm =
![Page 59: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Warm-up
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Do the calculation, express in proper
scientific notation and sig figs:
4.61 – 0.3472 =
6.77E-2 * 3.17841E3 =
How many meters are in 6.4 mm?
![Page 60: Quantitative vs. Qualitative Measurement.pdf · (8.0 x 10-2) x (7.0 x 105) = = 56 x 103 ... (3.42 x 10-5) - (2.5 x 10-6) = (3.42 x 10-5) - (0.25 x 10-5) = = 3.17 x 10-5 Using Scientific](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022042213/5eb8ae4418c8e66d1a537c8d/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Warm-up
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•How many grams are in 7.9 ng?
•What is the relationship between
volume in cm3, volume in mL,
and mass?