Quality research sarang bhola
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Quality ResearchSarang Bhola
Associate Professor, KBPIMSR, Satara
Agenda
•Food for Thought
•Attitude Towards Research…
•API …are the numbers killing quality research??
•Understanding Research
•Common Queries … Research
•Contemporary Indicators of Quality Research
•Process of Research•Process of Research
•Quality Checks in Research Process
•Essential Basics
•Errors in Research
•Hurdles
•Ethics in Research.
Food for Thought
• Those who know how to think need no teachers – M.K.Gandhi
• Are you a copy cat or an originator?
Teaching without research is
sterile.
Attitude Towards Research…
• Degree Oriented - ( Get not Earn!!!!)
• Number Oriented- (No botheration about Quality !!!!)
Research is a continuous process and publications;
research qualification is just a milestone in the
voyage of research.
• Number Oriented- (No botheration about Quality !!!!)
•Output Oriented – useful in providing
solutions for the problems cited.
API …are the numbers killing quality research??
Pay and Publish…• Quantitative Approach
• Mushroom Growth of Journals
• Availability of On-line Journals
• In-absentia Paper Presentations Certification
• Absence of Peer Review
• No standard Guidelines for Referees of Peer Reviewed Journals.
Understanding Research
• Research is a complete science
• Probing depth in methodology unfold height of • Probing depth in methodology unfold height of
research.
Common Queries … Research
Common Queries …
• What should be the topic/subject for Ph.D. research?
• Topic expectations from guide
• Is Hypothesis needed?
• How many hypotheses should be stated?
• How many objectives should be set?
• How much review is adequate?
• How many variables to process?
• I want minimum sample size
• Does hypothesis need to be tested?
• How much time is required to complete research?
• Do we keep our research confidential?
• What should be the size of paper/thesis/report/chapters?.
Contemporary Indicators of Quality Research
• Publication in Impact Factor Journals
• Monograph Publication
• Case study Development
• Reference Book Publications
• Policy Documents. • Policy Documents.
• ‘h’ factor
• ‘i10’ factor.
• Which journal is carrying your article?
• Number of citations
• Who have cited the paper?
• Model building should be the integral part of
Contemporary Indicators of Quality Research
contd.
• Model building should be the integral part of
research in social sciences.
• Generalization of findings to the population
is expected.
Research Design
Determining Scope
Defining Objects
Hypothesis Setting
Problem Formulation Research process is a gamut
which is interrelated and
interdependent
Ultimate aim of Research is to
provide prescriptions for
problems cited and unearthed
during research process.
Process of Research
Prescriptions
Findings
Testing of Hypothesis
Data Analysis
Pilot Testing
Research Design during research process.
Quality Checks in Research Process
Process Quality Check
Problem identification •Inductive Method
•Deductive method
Hypothesis
•Features of good hypothesis
Inductive – Deductive
•Supplement Hypothesis TestingHypothesis •Supplement Hypothesis Testing
Parametric – Non Parametric
•Qualitative Observations
Review
•Types – Selection of appropriate type of review
•Presentation of review in the report
•Review is the gap finding process
Defining Objectives•Should be in line with research problem and
hypothesis.
Quality Checks in Research Process. .contd.
Process Quality Check
Research Design
Instrument testing
•Reliability analysis
•Physical verification of instruments
Sampling
•Consideration of population
•Sample size calculations
•Sampling method
Interview
•Convey the Objectivity – who are you? Purpose for
research
• Relax the sample
•Personalized questions at the end of interview
•Observe more – read between the lines and note down
Pilot Testing •Very essential to judge validity of questionnaire
•Repetitive testing till nullifying errors.
Quality Checks in Research Process..contd.
Process Quality Check
Data Analysis
•Designing data analysis scheme
•Data feeding
•Put Validation Check
•Variable Coding – Development of Code Sheet
•Data validity
•Outliers pruning•Outliers pruning
Testing of
Hypothesis
•Use of appropriate tool
•Take into consideration conditions to use the
tool.
Findings
•Relate your findings with earlier researchs
•Sufficient discussion is expected
•Correlate with secondary- concurrent data
Prescriptions •Addition to Body of Knowledge
•Practical Implementation of Prescriptions.
• Basic Knowledge• Knowledge of Research Methodology
• Knowledge of Basic Computing Skills (word – Excel)
• Knowledge of Language (desirable)
Essential Basics
• Personal Qualities• Patience• Passion for innovation
• Learning attitude – knowledge welcome from all sources
• Analytical thinking
• Reading between the lines .
• Ask questions
• Have clear idea about
• Seek answers
• Look for the answers
• Ponder over problems
• Keep on thinking over
Desirable Attitude
• Have clear idea about your topic
• Dare to request for information
• Look for the answers
• Sometimes answers are obvious
• Sometimes you have to hunt for them
• Keep on thinking over the problems until you reach a solution.
DocumentationMaintain Bibliography of
research work referred.
Contents
• Objectives, findings
• Research methodology
• Keywords
Publication Details• Publication Details
• Keep soft copy (if
possible).
Additives
• Correct and adequate use of statistical tools
• Improvise your own research
• Researcher should be unbiased
• Researcher should honestly state limitations
• Every research is a story in itself
• You should be known as an authority for the subject of your research.
Errors in Research
• Random Error: Sample selection error
ErrorsIN OUT
• Random Error: Sample selection error
• Random Misclassification: Wrong classification of sample
• Bias: Biased researcher or sample
• Confounding: Role of extraneous variables.
Hurdles
• Reliability of sample source list
• Reliability and usability of secondary data
• Unavailability of articles for review; paid articles
Lack of research culture• Lack of research culture
• Sample do not share honestly.
Ethics in Research
• Plagiarism
• Liberty to samples for participation in research
• Confidentiality of respondents’ data
• Reporting should be unbiased.
US……….You and Me together…Let’s strive for Quality Research
[email protected]� 09822124414