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Quality Report

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Summary

Project example_quarryProcessed 2016-03-07 09:02:20Average Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) 8.74 cm / 3.44 in

Area Covered 0.5822 km2 / 58.2199 ha / 0.2249 sq. mi. / 143.939 acresTime for Initial Processing (without report) 10m:42s

Quality Check

Images median of 35853 keypoints per image

Dataset 127 out of 127 images calibrated (100%), all images enabled

Camera Optimization 0.43% relative difference between initial and optimized internal camera parameters

Matching median of 14165.9 matches per calibrated image

Georeferencing yes, 7 GCPs (7 3D), mean RMS error = 0.045 m

Preview

Figure 1: Orthomosaic and the corresponding sparse Digital Surface Model (DSM) before densification.

Calibration Details

Number of Calibrated Images 127 out of 127Number of Geolocated Images 127 out of 127

Initial Image Positions

Figure 2: Top view of the initial image position. The green line follows the position of the images in time starting from the large blue dot.

Computed Image/GCPs/Manual Tie Points Positions

Figure 3: Offset between initial (blue dots) and computed (green dots) image positions as well as the offset between the GCPs initial positions (blue crosses) andtheir computed positions (green crosses) in the top-view (XY plane), front-view (XZ plane), and side-view (YZ plane).

Overlap

Number of overlapping images: 1 2 3 4 5+

Figure 4: Number of overlapping images computed for each pixel of the orthomosaic. Red and yellow areas indicate low overlap for which poor results may be generated. Green areas indicate an overlap of over 5 images for every pixel. Good

quality results will be generated as long as the number of keypoint matches is also sufficient for these areas (see Figure 5 for keypoint matches).

Bundle Block Adjustment Details

Number of 2D Keypoint Observations for Bundle Block Adjustment 1604756Number of 3D Points for Bundle Block Adjustment 482897Mean Reprojection Error [pixels] 0.170698

Internal Camera Parameters

CanonIXUS220HS_4.3_4000x3000 (RGB). Sensor Dimensions: 6.198 [mm] x 4.648 [mm]

EXIF ID: CanonIXUS220HS_4.3_4000x3000

FocalLength

PrincipalPoint x

PrincipalPoint y R1 R2 R3 T1 T2

InitialValues

2839.640 [pixel]4.400 [mm]

2019.760 [pixel]3.129 [mm]

1547.000 [pixel]2.397 [mm] -0.043 0.026 -0.006 0.001 0.002

OptimizedValues

2827.185 [pixel]4.380 [mm]

2001.614 [pixel]3.101 [mm]

1504.187 [pixel]2.331 [mm] -0.039 0.023 -0.008 0.000 0.000

The number of Automatic Tie Points (ATPs) per pixel averaged over all images of the camera modelis color coded between black and white. White indicates that, in average, more than 16 ATPs areextracted at this pixel location. Black indicates that, in average, 0 ATP has been extracted at this pixellocation. Click on the image to the see the average direction and magnitude of the reprojection errorfor each pixel. Note that the vectors are scaled for better visualization.

2D Keypoints Table

Number of 2D Keypoints per Image Number of Matched 2D Keypoints per ImageMedian 35853 14166Min 22117 1421Max 56563 20462Mean 37510 12636

3D Points from 2D Keypoint Matches

Number of 3D Points ObservedIn 2 Images 295354

In 3 Images 80219In 4 Images 35029In 5 Images 19731In 6 Images 12615In 7 Images 8804In 8 Images 6528In 9 Images 4855In 10 Images 3651In 11 Images 2741In 12 Images 2267In 13 Images 1723In 14 Images 1396In 15 Images 1123In 16 Images 919In 17 Images 780In 18 Images 708In 19 Images 653In 20 Images 511In 21 Images 490In 22 Images 408In 23 Images 360In 24 Images 312In 25 Images 275In 26 Images 229In 27 Images 183In 28 Images 172In 29 Images 155In 30 Images 145In 31 Images 118In 32 Images 94In 33 Images 91In 34 Images 86In 35 Images 62In 36 Images 29In 37 Images 25In 38 Images 32In 39 Images 8In 40 Images 4In 41 Images 4In 42 Images 3In 43 Images 3In 45 Images 1In 46 Images 1

2D Keypoint Matches

Number of matches25 222 444 666 888 1111 1333 1555 1777 2000

Figure 5: Top view of the image computed positions with a link between matching images. The darkness of the links indicates the number of matched 2D keypointsbetween the images. Bright links indicate weak links and require manual tie points or more images.

Geolocation Details

Ground Control Points

GCP Name Accuracy XY/Z [m] Error X [m] Error Y [m] Error Z [m] Projection Error [pixel] Verified/Marked9001 (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.013 -0.014 -0.003 0.648 7 / 79002 (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.021 -0.022 0.050 0.583 4 / 49004 (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.008 0.007 0.002 1.117 9 / 99011 (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.008 -0.034 -0.117 0.949 9 / 99016 (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 -0.027 0.023 -0.095 0.934 10 / 109017 (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.021 0.015 -0.117 0.916 10 / 109012 (3D) 0.020/ 0.020 0.030 0.013 0.173 1.041 14 / 14Mean [m] 0.002393 -0.001754 -0.015430Sigma [m] 0.019749 0.020011 0.097848RMS Error [m] 0.019893 0.020087 0.099057

Localisation accuracy per GCP and mean errors in the three coordinate directions. The last column counts the number of calibrated images where the GCP hasbeen automatically verified vs. manually marked.

Absolute Geolocation Variance

0 out of 127 geolocated and calibrated images have been labeled as inaccurate.

Min Error [m] Max Error [m] Geolocation Error X [%] Geolocation Error Y [%] Geolocation Error Z [%]- -15.00 0.00 0.00 0.00-15.00 -12.00 0.00 0.00 0.00-12.00 -9.00 0.00 0.00 0.00-9.00 -6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00-6.00 -3.00 11.81 0.00 0.00-3.00 0.00 37.01 50.39 45.670.00 3.00 41.73 49.61 54.333.00 6.00 8.66 0.00 0.006.00 9.00 0.79 0.00 0.009.00 12.00 0.00 0.00 0.0012.00 15.00 0.00 0.00 0.0015.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.00Mean [m] 0.108078 1.427663 -1.734091Sigma [m] 2.443636 0.900370 1.164020RMS Error [m] 2.446025 1.687865 2.088544

Min Error and Max Error represent geolocation error intervalsbetween -1.5 and 1.5 times the maximum accuracy of all the images. Columns X, Y, Z show thepercentage of images with geolocation errors within the predefined error intervals. The geolocation error is the difference between the intial and computed image

positions. Note that the image geolocation errors do not correspond to the accuracy of the observed 3D points.

Geolocation Bias X Y ZTranslation [m] 0.108078 1.427663 -1.734091

Bias between image initial and computed geolocation given in output coordinate system.

Relative Geolocation Variance

Relative Geolocation Error Images X [%] Images Y [%] Images Z [%]

[-1.00, 1.00] 99.21 100.00 100.00[-2.00, 2.00] 100.00 100.00 100.00[-3.00, 3.00] 100.00 100.00 100.00Mean of Geolocation Accuracy [m] 5.000000 5.000000 10.000000Sigma of Geolocation Accuracy [m] 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000

Images X, Y, Z represent the percentage of images with a relative geolocation error in X, Y, Z.

Georeference Verification

GCP Name: 9001 (311470.855,5169936.032,623.335)

IMG_1154.JPGIMG_1155.JPGIMG_1158.JPGIMG_1159.JPGIMG_1160.JPGIMG_1178.JPGIMG_1179.JPG

GCP 9001 was not marked on the following images(only up to 6 images shown). If the circle is too far awayfrom the initial GCP position, also measure the GCP in

these images to improve the accuracy.IMG_1177.JPGIMG_1183.JPGIMG_1184.JPG

GCP Name: 9002 (311412.995,5169998.706,618.738)

IMG_1154.JPGIMG_1155.JPGIMG_1156.JPGIMG_1157.JPG

GCP 9002 was not marked on the following images(only up to 6 images shown). If the circle is too far awayfrom the initial GCP position, also measure the GCP in

these images to improve the accuracy.

IMG_1183.JPG

GCP Name: 9004 (311255.044,5169764.076,615.713)

IMG_1182.JPG

IMG_1208.JPGIMG_1209.JPGIMG_1210.JPGIMG_1211.JPGIMG_1235.JPGIMG_1236.JPGIMG_1237.JPGIMG_1238.JPG

GCP 9004 was not marked on the following images(only up to 6 images shown). If the circle is too far awayfrom the initial GCP position, also measure the GCP in

these images to improve the accuracy.IMG_1180.JPGIMG_1181.JPG

GCP Name: 9011 (312064.388,5169799.361,523.328)

IMG_1146.JPGIMG_1167.JPGIMG_1168.JPGIMG_1169.JPGIMG_1170.JPGIMG_1194.JPGIMG_1195.JPGIMG_1196.JPGIMG_1197.JPG

GCP 9011 was not marked on the following images(only up to 6 images shown). If the circle is too far awayfrom the initial GCP position, also measure the GCP in

these images to improve the accuracy.

IMG_1147.JPGIMG_1166.JPGIMG_1192.JPGIMG_1193.JPGIMG_1198.JPGIMG_1221.JPG

GCP Name: 9016 (311750.115,5169550.321,505.270)

IMG_1228.JPGIMG_1245.JPGIMG_1246.JPGIMG_1253.JPGIMG_1254.JPGIMG_1265.JPGIMG_1266.JPGIMG_1267.JPGIMG_1271.JPGIMG_1272.JPG

GCP 9016 was not marked on the following images(only up to 6 images shown). If the circle is too far awayfrom the initial GCP position, also measure the GCP in

these images to improve the accuracy.

IMG_1216.JPGIMG_1217.JPGIMG_1218.JPGIMG_1219.JPGIMG_1220.JPGIMG_1227.JPG

GCP Name: 9017 (311974.154,5169609.167,515.026)

IMG_1221.JPGIMG_1222.JPGIMG_1223.JPGIMG_1224.JPGIMG_1225.JPGIMG_1226.JPGIMG_1248.JPGIMG_1249.JPGIMG_1250.JPGIMG_1251.JPG

GCP 9017 was not marked on the following images(only up to 6 images shown). If the circle is too far awayfrom the initial GCP position, also measure the GCP in

these images to improve the accuracy.

IMG_1165.JPGIMG_1191.JPGIMG_1192.JPG

IMG_1193.JPGIMG_1194.JPGIMG_1195.JPG

GCP Name: 9012 (311914.722,5169567.553,510.897)

IMG_1221.JPGIMG_1222.JPGIMG_1225.JPGIMG_1226.JPGIMG_1227.JPGIMG_1247.JPGIMG_1248.JPGIMG_1249.JPGIMG_1250.JPGIMG_1251.JPGIMG_1252.JPGIMG_1267.JPGIMG_1268.JPGIMG_1269.JPG

GCP 9012 was not marked on the following images(only up to 6 images shown). If the circle is too far awayfrom the initial GCP position, also measure the GCP in

these images to improve the accuracy.

IMG_1190.JPGIMG_1191.JPGIMG_1192.JPGIMG_1193.JPGIMG_1194.JPGIMG_1198.JPG

Figure 7: Images in which GCPs have been marked (yellow circle) and in which their computed 3D points have been projected (green circle). A green circleoutside of the yellow circle indicates either an accuracy issue or a GCP issue.

Processing Options

HardwareCPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-4930K CPU @ 3.40GHzRAM: 32GBGPU: NVIDIA GeForce GTX 660 (Driver: 10.18.13.5382)

Operating System Windows 10 Pro, 64-bitCamera Model Name CanonIXUS220HS_4.3_4000x3000 (RGB)Image Coordinate System WGS84Ground Control Point (GCP)Coordinate System WGS84 (egm96)

Output Coordinate System WGS84 / UTM zone 32NDetected template: No template availableKeypoints Image Scale Full, Image Scale: 1Advanced: Matching Image Pairs Aerial Grid or CorridorAdvanced: Matching Strategy Use Geometrically Verified Matching: noAdvanced: Keypoint Extraction Targeted Number of Keypoints: Automatic

Advanced: Calibration Calibration Method: Standard, Internal Parameters Optimization: All, External Parameters Optimization:All, Rematch: Auto yes

Point Cloud Densification details

Processing Options

Image Scale multiscale, 1/2 (Half image size, Default)Point Density OptimalMinimum Number of Matches 33D Textured Mesh Generation yes, Maximum Number of Triangles: 1000000, Texture Size: 8192x8192Advanced: Matching Window Size 7x7 pixelsAdvanced: Image Groups group1Advanced: Use Processing Area yesAdvanced: Use Annotations yesAdvanced: Limit Camera Depth Automatically noTime for Point Cloud Densification 21m:16sTime for 3D Textured Mesh Generation 07m:01s

Results

Number of Generated Tiles 1Number of 3D Densified Points 9936506

Average Density (per m3) 6.17

DSM, Orthomosaic and Index Details

Processing Options

DSM and Orthomosaic Resolution 1 x GSD (8.75 [cm/pixel])DSM Filters Noise Filtering: yes, Surface Smoothing: yes, SharpDSM Generation yes, Method: Inverse Distance Weighting, Merge Tiles: yesTime for DSM Generation 12m:47sTime for Orthomosaic Generation 18m:33s