Improving the Quality of Families in Kenya the Lean Startup Way
Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya
description
Transcript of Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya
![Page 1: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Quality Quality EducatioEducatio
n for n for Refugees Refugees in Kenyain Kenya
Loise Gichuhi, Daniel Gakunga, Rosemary Imonje, Caroline Ndirangu
Lesley Bartlett, Sarah Dryden-Peterson, Mary Mendenhall
CIES 2014 |Toronto, Canada | Wednesday, March 12, 2014
![Page 2: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Today’s Panel
• Introducing the team
• Situating the study
• Conceptualizing the
problem
• Highlighting the methods
and school sites
• Presenting the findings
• Examining implications
and conclusions
• Opening up the discussion
![Page 3: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Introducing the Team & Situating the Introducing the Team & Situating the StudyStudy
Mary Mendenhall, Ed.D.Teachers College, Columbia University
![Page 4: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Introducing the TeamIntroducing the Team
With support from:•Lesley Bartlett: Teachers College, Columbia University•Sarah Dryden-Peterson: Harvard Graduate School of Education•Mary Mendenhall: International Rescue Committee and Teachers College, Columbia University•Mary Tangelder: International Rescue Committee
University of Nairobi Faculty:•Daniel Gakunga•Loise Gichuhi•Rosemary Imonje•Caroline Ndirangu•Grace Nyagah•Ursulla Okoth
![Page 5: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Introducing the Team Introducing the Team (cont)(cont)
• Madeeha Ansari, Tufts• Josie Bergin, TC• Elaine Christian, TC• Amy Descovich, UPENN• Nyoka Joseph, TC• Astrid Lassila-Smith, TC• Michelle Zhang, Harvard• Shyla Dogan, TC• Amanda Lalley, UPENN• Anna Spector, TC
• Sheri Money, TC• Emily Durkin, Columbia
SIPA• MacKenzie Lawrence, TC• Jessica Kovarik, U of
Denver• Laura Humphrey, UPENN• Brittney Wilcox, TC• Jihae Cha, TC• Natasha Mansur, TC• Meredith Saucier, TC• Kathleen Denny, TC
Research InternsResearch Interns
![Page 6: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Situating the Situating the Study: Study:
Refugees in Refugees in KenyaKenya
•Nairobi, Kenya
•Kakuma Refugee
Camp, Turkana County,
Kenya
![Page 7: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Situating the Study: Policy Situating the Study: Policy ContextContext
• 2010 Kenyan Constitution: right of all children born and residing in Kenya to education
• Education Bill of 2012: right of a child to access basic education
• Refugee policy: Shifting support for refugees
• Educational access: Camps vs urban locations
![Page 8: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Conceptualizing the Problem:Conceptualizing the Problem:Quality and PedagogyQuality and Pedagogy
Lesley Bartlett, Ph.D.Teachers College, Columbia University
![Page 9: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Quality and Quality and PedagogyPedagogy
Notable shift: “access to
quality education”
Lack of attention to
teaching and learning
experiences of refugees
Focus on teacher
instruction
![Page 10: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Quality EducationQuality Education• Shift from inputs to outputs ignores the processes
• UNHCR’s Education Strategyo quality = outcomes of what children will know and be able to do
o “rigorous and relevant curriculum” with “hard” academic skills and “soft” skills for human rights and citizenship in “child-friendly learning environment”
![Page 11: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Quality Education Quality Education (cont)(cont)
• INEE Minimum Standards for Educationo a safe and inclusive learner friendly environment; o competent and well-trained teachers who are knowledgeable in the
subject matter and pedagogy; o an appropriate context-specific curriculum that is comprehensible and
culturally, linguistically and socially relevant for the learners; o adequate and relevant materials for teaching and learning;o participatory methods of instruction and learning processes that
respect the dignity of the learner; o appropriate class sizes and teacher-pupil ratios; ando an emphasis on recreation, play, sport and creative activities in
addition to areas such as literacy, numeracy and life skills (INEE, 2010, p. 122).
![Page 12: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Learner-Learner-Centered Centered PedagogyPedagogy
Learning as active
process of inquiry
Students and teachers as
learners capable of
constructing knowledge
Teachers as facilitators
creating conditions for
students to ‘learn to learn’
and to develop critical,
analytical skills
![Page 13: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Guiding Research Guiding Research QuestionQuestion
In what ways are primary schools in Kakuma and Nairobi developing and offering quality education for refugee
populations, and what are the challenges they face in meeting that goal?
![Page 14: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Methods and School SitesMethods and School Sites
Daniel Gakunga, Ph.D.University of Nairobi
![Page 15: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Research Design: Research Design: Comparative Case Comparative Case
StudyStudy
![Page 16: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
School Sites in KenyaSchool Sites in KenyaNairobi Kakuma Refugee Camp
• Mwiki Primary School• New Eastleigh Primary
School• New Kihumbuini
Primary School• Sud Academy
• Angelina Jolie Primary (Boarding) School
• Fuji Primary School • Lokitaung Primary
School• Kismayo Community
School
![Page 17: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Case Study School Case Study School DemographicsDemographics
School# of
Pupils
% refuge
e pupils
Average class size,
observed
# of teacher
s
% refugee teachers
Overall pupil-
teacher ratio
Mean KCPE score
NAIROBI
New Eastleigh
782 85 45 30 0 26 240.51
New Kihumbuini
1801 3 n.d. 34 0 53 227.9
Mwiki 2550 6 84 62 0 41 237.8
Sud 155 66 12 14 29 11 257
KAKUMA
Angelina Jolie 247 89 30 14 64 18 283.8
Fuji 2488 99 96.6 23 83 108 220
Kismayo 359 100 40.8 18 33 20 252.98
Lokitaung 1735 100 108 19 79 91 270.9
(Select Data Only, See Handout)
![Page 18: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Study FindingsStudy Findings
Loise Gichuhi, Ph.D. | Rosemary Imonje, Ph.D.University of Nairobi
![Page 19: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Centrality of lecture in
lesson presentation
Lecture mixed with factual
comprehension questions
![Page 20: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Teachers relied on factual
questions to check literal
comprehension
Strong emphasis on
definitions and the
memorization of facts
Examples:
What is trade?
We have two forms of
trade, which ones are
they?
![Page 21: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Lecture and Comprehension: Lecture and Comprehension: Rising IntonationRising Intonation
Teacher: So today I want to talk about mineral?
Students: Salts.
Teacher: We have said that mineral salts are present in many types of food. There are many types of food that contain mineral?
Students: Salts.
Teacher: …and mineral salts are present in small quantities. They do not provide energy. So examples of minerals that are needed by our bodies include calcium, phosphorous, and iron. Our bodies require different types of minerals. Our body requires what?
Students: Iron and phosphorous.
![Page 22: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Deficit of pupil-initiated questionsOut of 53 lessons
observed, in only 17 did
pupils ask any questions.
In only 6 of these 17
situations was more than
one question posed.
The questions posed by
pupils were factual or
definitional.
![Page 23: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Absence of conceptual
learning
Scarcity of open-ended,
inferential questions
among teachers
![Page 24: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Factors Affecting Instruction
Caroline Ndirangu, Ph.D. University of Nairobi
![Page 25: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Limited Resources• Low funding• Overcrowding• Dearth of teaching and learning materials
![Page 26: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Lack of pedagogical training and
content knowledge
Public schools in Nairobi = highest levels of trained
teachers
Camp-based schools = refugee teachers, no training
or 6-month, part time diploma program
Scarce in-service professional development
No training in how to support second or third language
acquisition
![Page 27: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
CurriculumAdaptation to needs of
refugees
Relevance of Kenyan
curriculum
![Page 28: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Language policy
Kiswahili and English
simultaneously
Nairobi schools: Kenyan
teachers; tuition
Camp schools: teachers
with varying competence in
Swahili and English
Lack of textbooks
![Page 29: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
ImplicationsImplications
Sarah Dryden-Peterson, Ed.D.
![Page 30: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
ImplicationsImplications
Instructional approach—
poor quality
Need to increase availability
and quality of teacher
professional development
Deeper content knowledge
Language policy and
pedagogy
Adapt curriculum for
greater relevance
![Page 31: Quality Education for Refugees in Kenya](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56814082550346895dac06fe/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
DiscussionDiscussion