Qualitative Research: What is the Total Quality Framework?
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Transcript of Qualitative Research: What is the Total Quality Framework?
Qualitative Research
What is the Total Quality Framework?
Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press)
What is the TQF?
What is the TQF?
What is the Total Quality Framework? ● Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press) 2
Scope
Coverage • Working with complete & accurate lists.
Sample design • Representativeness of participants to the target
population (fair & balanced representation). • Sorting (stratifying) the list when relevant
characteristics are known. • Systematic, random selection across the entire list.
Nonresponse • Strategies to gain access to & cooperation from
participants.
Credibility
What is the TQF?
What is the Total Quality Framework? ● Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press) 3
Data Gathering Content/information obtained
• Interviewer, moderator guide. • Observation guide & grid.
Researcher effects • Interviewer, moderator, observer bias.
– Reflexive journal • Interviewer, moderator, observer inconsistency.
– Training
Participant effects • Willingness/ability to provide information.
– Building rapport • Altering behavior (Hawthorne effect).
– Post-observation debriefing
Credibility (continued)
What is the TQF?
What is the Total Quality Framework? ● Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press) 4
What is the TQF?
What is the TQF?
What is the Total Quality Framework? ● Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press) 6
Processing
Transcriptions • Qualities of the transcriptionist.
Coding • Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software
(CAQDAS). – Can be useful but it is not sufficient.
• Intercoder reliability.
(continued)
Analyzability
What is the TQF?
What is the Total Quality Framework? ● Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press) 7
Processing (continued)
Making sense of the data
• Selecting the unit of analysis.
• Developing unique codes.
• Coding.
• Identifying categories.
• Identifying themes or patterns.
• Drawing interpretations & implications from the data.
Analyzability (continued)
What is the TQF?
What is the Total Quality Framework? ● Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press) 8
Verification
Add meaning & depth to the data to better inform researcher’s interpretations & recommendations
Evidence to support/refute findings
Types: • Peer debriefings • Triangulation • Deviant cases • Reflexive journal
Analyzability (continued)
What is the TQF?
What is the Total Quality Framework? ● Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press) 9
What is the TQF?
What is the TQF?
What is the TQF?
What is the Total Quality Framework? ● Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press) 12
“Thick description” of details in the final document Give consumers of the research what they need to:
• Understand the people &/or phenomena under investigation.
• Assign value to the interpretations & recommendations. • Evaluate the transferability to other contexts.
Types of information to include: • Comprehensiveness of the lists for sampling. • Rationale for the number of research events (e.g., IDIs). • Nonresponse, problems in gaining cooperation. • Decisions in the field that altered the design or objectives. • Operational logistics (e.g., group facility, observers). • Transcription, coding, & verification processes. • Researcher’s field notes, reflexive journal.
Transparency
What is the TQF?
What is the Total Quality Framework? ● Adapted from Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach
(Roller, M.R. & Lavrakas, P. J., 2015. New York: Guilford Press) 13
What is the TQF?
What is the TQF?
What is the TQF?