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QUAID-E-AZAM'S STATEMENT ON TWO NATION THEORY

The most clear and emphatic exposition is found in Jinnah's statement

and speeches.He expounded the two nation theory in such detail thatmost Muslims and even some Hindus came to believe in its truth.He

declared:

" Muslims are not a minority,They are one nation by every definition of

the word nation.By all canons of international law we are a nation."

Quaid-e-Azam reiterated that Hindus and Muslims could ever evolve a

common nationality was on idle dream.They are a totally differentnation .They have an unbridgeable gulf between them and they stand

miles apart in regards to their ideals,culture and religion.In 1973,he

said:

"Hindustan is neither one country,nor its inhabitants one nation.This is

Sub Continent which consist of many nations of which the Hindus and

Muslims are two major nations."

CONCLUTION

The Muslims apprehended that they would lose their identity if they

remained a part of Hindu society.They also came to realize the above

mentioned differences between them and the Hindus and hence

demanded separate electorate on the ground that they were different

nation from Hindus.

Hence it is right to say that this theory i.e two nation theory isthe basisof the creation of Pakistan because without this as a base,Pakistan would

not come into being on 14th August ,1947,and we would not be

breathing freely in this open air of Pakistan.

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In Muhammad Ali Jinnah's All India Muslim League presidential address

delivered in Lahore, on March 22, 1940, he explained:

Jinnah delivering a political speech

It is extremely difficult to appreciate why our Hindu friends fail to

understand the real nature of Islam and Hinduism. They are not religions

in the strict sense of the word, but are, in fact, different and distinct

social orders, and it is a dream that the Hindus and Muslims can ever

evolve a common nationality, and this misconception of one Indian nation

has troubles and will lead India to destruction if we fail to revise our

notions in time. The Hindus and Muslims belong to two different

religious philosophies, social customs, and litterateurs. They neither

intermarry nor interdine together and, indeed, they belong to two

different civilizations which are based mainly on conflicting ideas and

conceptions. Their aspect on life and of life are different. It is quite clear

that Hindus and Mussalmans derive their inspiration from different

sources of history. They have different epics, different heroes, anddifferent episodes. Very often the hero of one is a foe of the other and,

likewise, their victories and defeats overlap. To yoke together two such

nations under a single state, one as a numerical minority and the other as

a majority, must lead to growing discontent and final destruction of any

fabric that may be so built for the government of such a state.

A controversy has raged in Pakistan about whether Jinnah wanted

Pakistan to be a secular state or an Islamic state (see secularism in

Pakistan). His views as expressed in his policy speech on 11 August 1947

said:

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There is no other solution. Now what shall we do? Now, if we want to make

this great State of Pakistan happy and prosperous, we should wholly and

solely concentrate on the well-being of the people, and especially of the

masses and the poor. If you will work in co-operation, forgetting the past,

burying the hatchet, you are bound to succeed. If you change your past andwork together in a spirit that everyone of you, no matter to what community

he belongs, no matter what relations he had with you in the past, no matter

what is his colour, caste or creed, is first, second and last a citizen of this State

with equal rights, privileges, and obligations, there will be no end to the

progress you will make. I cannot emphasize it too much. We should begin to

work in that spirit and in course of time all these angularities of the majority

and minority communities, the Hindu community and the Muslim community,

because even as regards Muslims you have Pathans, Punjabis, Shias, Sunnis

and so on, and among the Hindus you have Brahmins, Vashnavas, Khatris, also

Bengalis, Madrasis and so on, will vanish. Indeed if you ask me, this has been

the biggest hindrance in the way of India to attain the freedom and

independence and but for this we would have been free people long long ago.

No power can hold another nation, and specially a nation of 400 million souls

in subjection; nobody could have conquered you, and even if it had happened,

nobody could have continued its hold on you for any length of time, but for

this. Therefore, we must learn a lesson from this. You are free; you are free to

go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other place or

worship in this State of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion or caste or

creed that has nothing to do with the business of the State. As you know,

history shows that in England, conditions, some time ago, were much worse

than those prevailing in India today. The Roman Catholics and the Protestants

persecuted each other. Even now there are some States in existence where

there are discriminations made and bars imposed against a particular class.

Thank God, we are not starting in those days. We are starting in the days

where there is no discrimination, no distinction between one community and

another, no discrimination between one caste or creed and another. We arestarting with this fundamental principle that we are all citizens and equal

citizens of one State. The people of England in course of time had to face the

realities of the situation and had to discharge the responsibilities and burdens

placed upon them by the government of their country and they went through

that fire step by step. Today, you might say with justice that Roman Catholics

and Protestants do not exist; what exists now is that every man is a citizen, an

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equal citizen of Great Britain and they are all members of the Nation. Now I

think we should keep that in front of us as our ideal and you will find that in

course of time Hindus would cease to be Hindus and Muslims would cease to

be Muslims, not in the religious sense, because that is the personal faith of

each individual, but in the political sense as citizens of the State.Jinnah, 11August 1947 presiding over the constituent assembly.

This statement is taken by some as an indication that Jinnah wanted a secular

state. However, in his other speeches he referred to Islam and Islamic

principles clarifying what a true Islamic state is:

The constitution of Pakistan has yet to be framed by the Pakistan Constituent

Assembly. I do not know what the ultimate shape of this constitution is going

to be, but I am sure that it will be of a democratic type, embodying the

essential principle of Islam. Today, they are as applicable in actual life as they

were 1,300 years ago. Islam and its idealism have taught us democracy. It has

taught equality of man, justice and fairplay to everybody. We are the

inheritors of these glorious traditions and are fully alive to our

responsibilities and obligations as framers of the future constitution of

Pakistan. In any case Pakistan is not going to be a theocratic State to be ruled

by priests with a divine mission. We have many non-Muslims Hindus,

Christians, and Parsis but they are all Pakistanis. They will enjoy the same

rights and privileges as any other citizens and will play their rightful part in

the affairs of Pakistan. Broadcast talk to the people of the United States of

America on Pakistan recorded February, 1948.

Pakistan not only means freedom and independence, but also the Muslim

Ideology that has to be preserved that has come to us as a precious gift and

treasure. Quaid-e-Azam, Chittagong, March,1948.

In Pakistan lie our deliverance, defence and honour. If we fail, we perish and there

will be no signs and symptoms of Muslims or Islam left in the sub-continent.

Quaid-e-Azam, Pakistan Day, March, 1945.

The Constitution of Pakistan has yet to be framed-I am sure it will be of a

democratic type embodying the essential principles of Islam. Today, they are as

applicable in modern times, as these were 1300 years agoin any case,

Pakistan is NOT going to be a Theocratic State-to be ruled by the priests with a

Divine mission. Quaid-e-Azam, broadcast to the U.S.A. February,1948.

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