Q.Sonic User's Manual Rev F2

12650 Directors Drive – Suite 100, Stafford, Texas 77477Tel: (281) 491-5252 Fax: (281) 491-8440

Web Site: www.instrometinc.com

Ultrasonic Metering Division

IInnssttrroommeett QQ..SSoonniicc

UUsseerr’’ss MMaannuuaall

Document Code: 10.00.01/E/FDate: 2003-02-12

INSTROMET Q.SONIC® USER’S MANUAL

Page 1Ultrasonic Metering Division

Document Instromet Q.Sonic® User’s Manual

Document Code 10.00.01/E/F

Date February 12, 2003

Publisher Instromet, Inc.12650 Directors Drive, Suite 100Houston, Texas 77477

Phone: (281) 491-5252 or (800) 795-7512Fax: (281) 491-8440Web Site: www.instrometinc.com

Other Office:Instromet Ultrasonics B.V.

Pieter Zeemanweg 61 PO Box 80903316 GZ Dordrecht 3301 CB DordrechtThe Netherlands The Netherlands

Phone: 31-78-651 0977Fax: 31-78-651 1017

Copyright © 2001, Instromet, Inc., Houston, Texas.© 2001, Instromet Ultrasonics B.V., Dordrecht, The Netherlands.Instromet Ultrasonics B.V. is a member of the Instromet group.

All technical and technological information contained in this manual, includingany drawings and technical specifications shall remain the property ofInstromet, Inc. or Instromet Ultrasonics B.V. and may not be used (other thanfor the operation of this product), copied, multiplied, passed on orcommunicated to a third party without the prior written permission ofInstromet, Inc.

Trademarks Products listed are trademarks of their respective manufacturers. Companynames listed are trade names of their respective companies.

Revision History Revision Description Date10.00.01/E/A Original Issue November 9, 199810.00.01/E/B Minor Revisions April 6, 199910.00.01/E/C Minor Revisions May 9, 200010.00.01/E/D Revised for Series III TIP October 10, 200110.00.01/E/E Minor Revisions November 5, 200110.00.01/E/F Minor Revisions February 12, 2003

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Table of Contents

1 PREFACE ....................................................................................................................................................... 41.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................... 41.2 WARRANTY ................................................................................................................................................................ 41.3 Q.SONIC DOCUMENTATION ........................................................................................................................................ 51.4 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .............................................................................................................................. 51.5 VARIABLE DEFINITIONS.............................................................................................................................................. 61.6 REFERENCES............................................................................................................................................................... 61.7 ASSISTANCE................................................................................................................................................................ 6

2 THE Q.SONIC® ULTRASONIC FLOW METER...................................................................................... 72.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................... 72.2 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS...................................................................................................................................... 72.2.1 Standard 3 and 5 path design (8 Chord and 12 Chord) ................................................................................... 72.2.2 2 path Design (6 Chord)................................................................................................................................... 82.2.3 TwinSonic ......................................................................................................................................................... 8

2.3 Q.SONIC® METER BENEFITS ....................................................................................................................................... 92.4 Q.SONIC® APPLICATIONS ............................................................................................................................................ 92.5 CALIBRATION ............................................................................................................................................................. 92.6 INPUT AND OUTPUT SIGNALS.................................................................................................................................... 102.7 APPROVALS AND CERTIFICATION ............................................................................................................................. 10

3 THEORY OF OPERATION ....................................................................................................................... 113.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 113.2 FLOW VELOCITY MEASUREMENT ............................................................................................................................. 123.3 VOLUME FLOW CALCULATION ................................................................................................................................. 13

4 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................... 154.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 154.2 PATH CONFIGURATION ............................................................................................................................................. 164.3 SPOOLPIECE AND TRANSDUCER MOUNTS ................................................................................................................. 174.4 TRANSDUCERS......................................................................................................................................................... 174.5 SIGNAL PROCESSING UNIT........................................................................................................................................ 184.5.1 Explosion proof enclosure .............................................................................................................................. 194.5.2 Modules .......................................................................................................................................................... 194.5.3 Frequency Control Card ................................................................................................................................ 214.5.4 Terminal Strip................................................................................................................................................. 22

4.6 BASIC INPUT AND OUTPUT FEATURES ...................................................................................................................... 224.6.1 Frequency Outputs ......................................................................................................................................... 224.6.2 Analog Inputs ................................................................................................................................................. 234.6.3 Analog Outputs............................................................................................................................................... 234.6.4 Serial Data Communication ........................................................................................................................... 234.6.5 Data Valid Signal ........................................................................................................................................... 244.6.6 Partial Failure Signal..................................................................................................................................... 244.6.7 Flow Direction Signals................................................................................................................................... 25

4.7 POWER REQUIREMENT.............................................................................................................................................. 254.8 COMMUNICATION – UNIFORM SOFTWARE............................................................................................................. 254.8.1 Requirements for running UNIFORM............................................................................................................ 26

4.9 PARAMETER SET-UP.................................................................................................................................................. 274.9.1 PROSON-II Configuration ............................................................................................................................. 274.9.2 Module Information........................................................................................................................................ 27

TABLE OF CONTENTS


4.9.3 Spool Piece Parameters.................................................................................................................................. 284.9.4 V-Module Parameters .................................................................................................................................... 284.9.5 Velocity Profile Correction ............................................................................................................................ 294.9.6 Calibration Parameters.................................................................................................................................. 304.9.7 Adjust Factor.................................................................................................................................................. 304.9.8 Low Pass Filter Set-up ................................................................................................................................... 314.9.9 Low Flow Cut-off Set-up ................................................................................................................................ 314.9.10 P&T Input Set-up............................................................................................................................................ 314.9.11 PTZ Volume Correction.................................................................................................................................. 324.9.12 Current/Frequency Output Set-up .................................................................................................................. 33

4.10 EQUIPMENT AND SOFTWARE OPTIONS ................................................................................................................. 34

5 INSTALLATION/START-UP .................................................................................................................... 365.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 365.2 SHIPMENT INSPECTION.............................................................................................................................................. 365.3 Q.SONIC® METER INSTALLATION ............................................................................................................................ 365.4 INSTALLING THE PARAMETER SET-UP...................................................................................................................... 365.5 PARAMETER SET-UP PROTECTION............................................................................................................................ 38

6 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE....................................................................................................... 406.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 406.2 ROUTINE CHECKS ..................................................................................................................................................... 40

7 TROUBLESHOOTING............................................................................................................................... 437.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 437.2 QUICK CHECKS......................................................................................................................................................... 437.3 TROUBLESHOOTING .................................................................................................................................................. 43

APPENDIX A FREQUENCY CONTROL CARD ........................................................................................ 44

APPENDIX A-1 FCC INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNALS ...................................................................................... 45

APPENDIX B SERIES III, 2 BOARD ELECTRICAL................................................................................. 48

APPENDIX B-1 SERIES III, 2 BOARD WIRING........................................................................................ 49

APPENDIX B-2 SERIES III, 3 BOARD ELECTRICAL.............................................................................. 50

APPENDIX B-3 SERIES III, 3 BOARD WIRING........................................................................................ 51

APPENDIX B-4 NOTES ON ELECTRICAL ................................................................................................ 52

APPENDIX C CONVERTER CABLE PIN OUTS ....................................................................................... 53

APPENDIX D PARAMETER SET-UP .......................................................................................................... 54

APPENDIX E MODBUS REGISTER LISTING........................................................................................... 56

APPENDIX F EXAMPLE INSPECTION FORM......................................................................................... 57

APPENDIX G BASIC PARAMETER CRITERIA ....................................................................................... 58

GLOSSARY......................................................................................................................................................... 59

PREFACE


1 Preface

1.1 Introduction This manual provides information about the theory of operation, systemdescription, installation/start-up, and maintenance of the Instromet Q.Sonic®

gas flow meter. Although this manual focuses on the Series III electronics,many aspects of the older Series II electronics is also covered due to theextensive commonality of the two. As noted within this manual, the Series IIelectronics can be upgraded to Series III electronics.

To ensure proper installation, and subsequent accurate and trouble freeoperation, this manual and the following associated manuals (supplied withthe meter) should be thoroughly reviewed prior to beginning the installationand use of the Q.Sonic® meter.

♦ Instromet Q.Sonic® & S.Sonic Installation Manual♦ Instromet Ultrasonic Flow Meter Troubleshooting Manual♦ UNIFORM User’s Guide

Where the term Instromet is used in this document it refers to Instromet, Inc.,Instromet Ultrasonics B.V., or authorized representatives of these companies.

This manual is based on the latest information at the time of printing and isprovided subject to revisions. Instromet reserves the right to change theconstruction and/or configuration of its products at any time without beingobligated to update earlier supplies.

NOTE: The name Q.Sonic is registered to Instromet Ultrasonics B.V.However, for ease of reading, the ‘registered’ symbol will not be shown in thebalance of the document.

1.2 Warranty Instromet provides a warranty on all parts and labor for a period of 24 monthsfrom date of purchase, however, shall have no obligation in the event that:

♦ Repair or replacement of equipment or parts has been required throughnormal wear and tear or necessitated in whole or part by catastrophe orthe fault or negligence of the purchaser;

♦ The equipment or parts have been maintained or repaired in a mannerother than that recommended by the manufacturer, or have been modifiedin any manner without prior express written permission of themanufacturer;

♦ Non-original parts are used;♦ Equipment is used improperly, incorrectly, carelessly or not in line with

its nature and/or purpose;♦ Product is used with incompatible equipment or peripherals, including but

not necessarily limited to cables, testing equipment, computers, voltage,etc.

PREFACE


Manufacturer is not responsible for the incidental or consequential damagesresulting from the breach of any express or implied warranties, includingdamage to property, and to the extent permitted by law, damage for personalinjury.

1.3 Q.Sonic Documentation The Q.Sonic documentation consists of several documents which are listedbelow:

♦ Instromet Q.Sonic® User’s Manual (this document)♦ Instromet Q.Sonic® & S.Sonic Installation Manual♦ Instromet Ultrasonic Flow Meter Troubleshooting Manual♦ UNIFORM User’s Guide

In addition, the following documents are available on request:

♦ RTU Modbus Manual

♦ Material Certificates♦ Mechanical Certificates of conformity (i.e. X-ray, hydrostatic tests)♦ Factory Mutual (FM) Certificate♦ Instromet electronics digital communication protocol

1.4 Abbreviations andAcronyms

ASCII American Standard Code for Information InterchangeAGC Automatic Gain ControlANSI American National Standards InstituteAWG American Wire GaugeDC Direct CurrentFMRC (FM) Factory Mutual Research CorporationNEMA National Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNMi Nederlands MeetinstituutNPT National Pipe ThreadPC Personal ComputerPCB Printed Circuit BoardPTB Physikalisch-Technische BundesanstaltPTZ Pressure, Temperature, Z(Compressibility)RTD Resistance Temperature DetectorRTU Remote Terminal UnitSPU Signal Processing UnitUL Underwriters LaboratoriesUNIFORM UltrasoNIc Flow meter cOnfiguRation and Monitoring softwareVOS Velocity of Sound (Speed of sound)

PREFACE


1.5 Variable Definitions A Cross sectional area of pipe or meterc Speed of soundD Internal diameter of pipe or meterfadjust Adjust factor (usually based on flow calibration results)kc Correction factor ( related to Reynolds number Re)kz A constant compressibility factorL Acoustic path length between a transducer pairP Absolute pressure at line (flowing) conditionsP0 Absolute pressure at base (reference) conditionsQLine Volume at line conditions (actual volume)QBase Volume corrected to base (reference) conditionsS Cross section of pipeT Absolute temperature at line (flowing) conditionsTD Time for sound to travel from upstream to downstream transducerT0 Absolute temperature at base (reference) conditionsTU Time for sound to travel from downstream to upstream transducerV Velocity of gas streamV

LAverage velocity along an acoustic path

Vm Bulk mean velocity (average velocity of gas stream)v(r) Velocity at a point along the pipes radiusz0 Compressibility at base (reference) conditionsz Compressibility at line (flowing) conditionsϕ Angle (phi) between pipe axis and acoustic path

1.6 References 1. Instromet, Digital Communication: UNIFORM Protocol (MeasuredData) Instromet Ultrasonics B.V.

2. Instromet, Digital Communication: Modbus Protocol InstrometUltrasonics B.V.

3. Instromet, UNIFORM User’s Guide, Instromet, Inc.4. Instromet Q.Sonic & S.Sonic Installation Manual, Instromet, Inc.5. Instromet Ultrasonic Flow Meter Troubleshooting Manual,

Instromet, Inc.

1.7 Assistance Although every effort has been made to address all areas of meter operation,issues may arise which are unique to a specific application. Any questionsshould be directed to Instromet, Inc., at (281) 491-5252 or (800) 795-7512.

In addition to the telephone assistance, information with respect to productspecifications, software, manuals and approvals can be obtained by going tothe Instromet web site, www.instrometinc.com, and following the links.Alternately, those links can be accessed directly via the following URLs:

Software: http://www.instrometinc.com/software.htmManuals: http://www.instrometinc.com/manuals.htmApprovals: http://www.instrometinc.com/Approvals/approvals.htm

THE Q.SONIC ULTRASONIC FLOW METER


2 The Q.Sonic® Ultrasonic FlowMeter

2.1 Introduction The Q.Sonic is a multipath ultrasonic meter designed by Instromet, Inc. andInstromet Ultrasonics B.V. specifically for custody transfer measurementapplications where maximum accuracy is required. The multipath design alsohas the inherent characteristic of enhanced reliability due to the redundancy inthe acoustic measurement paths.

The Q.Sonic multipath ultrasonic meter meets or exceeds all the requirements setout in AGA 9.

To date the Q.Sonic has been legally approved for fiscal metering (custodytransfer measurement) in several countries including:

• The Netherlands • Malaysia• Germany • Austria• Czech Republic • China• Indonesia • Russia• Canada

This manual provides the theory upon which ultrasonic measurement is based,a detailed system description, and general information on theInstallation/Start-up, Operation and Troubleshooting of the Q.Sonic meter.More detailed information on the Installation/Start-up and Troubleshootingare contained in Instromet Q.Sonic® & S.Sonic Installation Manual andInstromet Ultrasonic Flow Meter Troubleshooting Manual.

2.2 General Characteristics 2.2.1 Standard 3 and 5 path design (8 Chord and 12 Chord)The Instromet Q.Sonic meter is a highly sophisticated multipath ultrasonicmeter integrated into a spoolpiece. It is available in two designs; a 3-pathconfiguration, and a 5-path configuration. Two of the paths in each of thedesigns are swirl paths. . The geometry is such that there are a total of 8 chordsalong which the gas velocity is measured on the 3-path meter, and 12 chords onthe 5-path meter. The unique combination of single reflective and doublereflective ultrasonic paths provides excellent flow profile representation, which,when integrated, results in very high accuracy velocity measurement. Thisaccuracy is maintained even when the flowing conditions are less than ideal.The Q.Sonic also has the capability of bi-directional measurement with equalaccuracy in both directions.

The transducers are positioned so that there is only a minimal protrusion intothe gas stream. This minor protrusion creates only negligible pressure loss,however, it ensures that the time measurement is truly representative of theflowing stream only, and not affected by stagnated gas in the transducer port.



As part of the manufacturing process, after the meter has been fabricated andfully assembled, it is dry calibrated. The dry calibration procedure, which isperformed under very controlled conditions, provides an electronic means ofverifying or fine-tuning the meter geometry (i.e. path length) originallydetermined with mechanical measurement tools. The result of this drycalibration procedure is the ability for Instromet to manufacture the meter witha reproducibility of better than ±0.3% and a measurement error of less than0.5%, (without installation of a flow conditioner) prior to any flow calibration ata test facility. After calibration at a test facility, the meter error is usually in therange of ± 0.2% or better excluding the uncertainty of the test facility.

Depending on the type of transducer chosen, the meter is designed to operate inthe 0 to 290 psig (0 to 2 000 kPa) or 116 to 2,175 psig (800 to 15 000 kPa)pressure ranges.

Although the meter body length has been standardized, the fabrication of thebody allows for custom lengths to permit direct replacement of some turbinemeters. The meter is currently available in sizes from 4 to 36 inches, or largerupon special request.

2.2.2 2 path Design (6 Chord)The 2-path meter design, is actually a 3-path meter without the axial pathinstalled, and therefore only has 2 swirl paths. The intent of this design is toreduce the meter complexity but still offer a meter capable of providing afairly high degree of accuracy. The as-built measurement error of this meteris within the range of ±1.0%. This error can be reduced significantly bycalibrating the meter.

This design is most suitable for providing a relatively high accuracy checkmeter where piping configuration may result in there being significant swirl inthe flow profile.

To date, the 2-path (6 chord) meter has not been accepted for use as a custodytransfer meter in any country. One of the primary drawbacks to this meter isthat the loss of one of the paths will disqualify the data from the second path,resulting in total loss of measurement.

2.2.3 TwinSonicThe TwinSonic is a unique design which basically creates two independentmeters out of one. It consists of a standard 3-path meter (8 chords) with theaddition of a second SPU containing the electronics for a CheckSonic meter(single path meter). The output from the axial path transducers is fed to bothsets of electronics via a switchbox to prevent signal conflicts.

The independent CheckSonic electronics provide a completely redundantmeasurement system, which will provide measurement data if the 3-pathelectronics were to fail for some reason other than a power failure.



2.3 Q.Sonic® Meter Benefits The Q.Sonic features numerous unique benefits when compared to othercommon measuring techniques (e.g. orifice plates, turbine meters, vortexmeters, and venturi meters). The most significant of these are:

♦ Large dynamic range greater than 50:1 (dependent upon pipeline size)♦ Highly insensitive to asymmetrical, pulsating and swirling flow♦ Accuracy of better than 0.2 % when calibrated (relative to test facility

uncertainty)♦ Negligible gas flow resistance, thus negligible pressure drop♦ Capable of bi-directional flow measurement with equal accuracy♦ Highly insensitive to wet and/or untreated production gas♦ Virtually no maintenance required♦ Virtually insensitive to pulsating gas flow♦ Sour gas capable (up to 10% sour gas components)♦ Interfaces with major flow computer manufacturers♦ Transducer exchange without need for recalibration

2.4 Q.Sonic® Applications The design of the Q.Sonic meter lends itself to two primary applications(although there are several applications like lost and unaccounted for, pipelineoperation, fuel gas measurement, etc. where “custody” quality measurement isdesired):

♦ Custody transfer metering♦ Underground gas storage sites (bi-directional)♦ Off shore measurement

As a result of the inherent characteristics and high degree of accuracy of themultipath meter, significant savings can be realized from reductions in a) thecapital cost of the measurement installation, and b) compression costsassociated with metering pressure losses. These savings would not only berealized on new facilities but also on retrofits and upgrades of existingmeasurement facilities.

In addition, the Q.Sonic is well suited for offshore and/or wet gasapplications, where severe measuring conditions may adversely affect thequality of data from more conventional forms of measurement such as orificeand turbine meters.

2.5 Calibration To evaluate and minimize measurement error, it is recommended that themeter be flow calibrated at a certified calibration facility particularly if a flowconditioner is being installed upstream of the meter. In some countries it islegally mandated that meters utilized for custody transfer measurementapplications be flow proved and certified at an accredited flow calibrationfacility. Each of the following facilities has the capability of testing meters and issuinga calibration certificate. It should be noted that in countries where metercalibrations are legally mandated, only certain of the aforementioned may be



recognized. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the meter istested at an appropriate facility.

Bernoulli Laboratorium; Westerbork, Netherlands Accedited by: NMi

Pigsar GH45 Dorsten, Germany Accredited by: PTB

Southwest Research Institute San Antonio, Texas, USA Traceable to NIST Standards

CEESI Ventura, Iowa, USA Traceable to NIST Standards Certified by: Measurement Canada

TransCanada Calibrations Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Certified by: Measurement Canada Traceable to NMi Standards The calibration certificate which the facility issues will state the relative error(as measured), the ‘adjust factor’, and the ‘as tested’ Parameter Set-up in theQ.Sonic meter. This certificate is stamped and signed by a facilityrepresentative or a representative authorized by the accrediting/certifyingbody.

2.6 Input and Output Signals The Q.Sonic can provide output signals based upon volume (actual or cor-rected), average pipeline gas velocity, or gas VOS. The electronics provide afrequency output with a maximum full scale of 10,000 Hz which can beconfigured to meet any full-scale requirement up to that value. If an analogoutput (4 – 20 mA), or a signal representative of the corrected gas volume arerequired, the optional C-Module must be installed. The measurement units for volume (actual or corrected), average gas velocity,or gas VOS can be in either US or SI.

NOTE: For the computation of corrected gas volumes, the customer mustsupply the temperature and pressure signals to the meter, and the electronicsrequire the optional C-Module.

2.7 Approvals andCertification

The Instromet Q.Sonic ultrasonic flow meter system is designed and approvedfor hazardous area operation. The electronics and transducers are certified byFactory Mutual Research Corporation (FMRC, also know as FM) foroperation in Class 1, Division 1, Group B, C and D hazardous areas. Check with Instromet on the latest FMRC approvals.

THEORY OF OPERATION


3 Theory of Operation

3.1 Introduction An ultrasonic flow meter is a measurement device, which utilizes acoustics todetermine the velocity of a fluid passing through a conduit. In a gasmeasurement application the prime element consists of one or more pairs ofultrasonic transducers which are located along the pipe wall. The faces of eachpair of transducers have a defined geometric relationship to each other.

Ultrasonic acoustic pulses transmitted by one transducer are received by theother one, and vice versa. The Instromet Q.Sonic meter utilizes a combinationof single reflection and double reflection paths. The single reflection pathsbounce the acoustic signal from the opposite wall before the second transducerreceives it. This increases the total path length, thus improving resolution andextending the meter’s rangeability. A double reflection path bounces theacoustic signal off the pipe wall twice (a triangular shaped path) before thesecond transducer in the pair receives it. Figure 4-2 shows the geometry of thereflective paths.

For purposes of discussion in this section, a point-to-point (without bouncingthe signals) is utilized. The principal of operation and equations still applyregardless of whether or not the signal is reflected off the pipe wall.

Figure 3 – 1: Single point to point accoustic signal

D ννννϕϕϕϕL

THEORY OF OPERATION


3.2 Flow VelocityMeasurement

The acoustic pulses cross the pipe from transducer to transducer, like aferryman crossing a river. Without flow, they propagate with the same speedc (speed of sound) in both directions. If the gas in the pipe has a flow velocityν, different from zero, pulses travelling downstream with the flow will movefaster, while those travelling upstream against the flow will move slower.Thus the downstream travel times tD will be shorter, while the upstream onestU will be longer as compared when the gas is not moving:

t Lc vD = + ⋅ cosϕ (3.1)

and

t =L

c vU − ⋅ cosϕ(3.2)

where L denotes the straight line length of the acoustic path between the twotransducers, given by:

ϕsinD = L (3.3)

The travel times are measured electronically. From the difference, the flowvelocity $v is calculated by:

$cos

v = L

2

1t

-1tD Uϕ

(3.4)

Generally speaking, the flow velocity is not constant over the pipe’s crosssection. In steady swirl-free flow through long straight cylindrical tubes, theflow velocity is a function of the radial position only. This function, usuallycalled the fully developed velocity profile, can be approximated by a semi-empirical power law:

( )v r = v 1 -rR

1n

max

(3.5)

where r is the radial position, R is the radius of the pipe, and n is a function ofthe Reynolds number Re, and pipe roughness.

For smooth pipes n is calculated as follows:

( )n n= −2 0 810log Re . (3.6)

The flow velocity as calculated by (3.4) is the line-integral along the path:

( )v = 1L

v r dL L L∫ (3.7)

In other words, the velocity perceived by the instrument equals the average,along the acoustic path, of the fluid velocity component in the direction of thepath. Normally a user is interested in the bulk mean velocity vm of the medium,which means the velocity averaged over the cross section S of the pipe.

THEORY OF OPERATION


( )v = 1S

v r dSm S∫∫ (3.8)

If v only has a component perpendicular to S, the bulk mean velocity vm iscomputed from:

v = k vm c L⋅ (3.9a)

where kc denotes the so-called correction factor defined by:

( )

( )k =

1S

v r dS

1L

v r dLc

S

L

∫∫∫

(3.10)

The correction factor kc can be computed once v(r), L and S are known.Because v(r) is a function of Re, the correction factor is also a function of Re.

An ‘Adjust Factor’, fadjust, allows adjustment of the meter after flow calibration.The adjust factor is applied to the bulk mean velocity. Series III type metersprovide the capability of configuring the meter for 2 adjust factors, one for eachflow direction if the meter is calibrated for bi-directional flow.

v = f k vm adjust c L⋅ ⋅ (3.9b)

3.3 Volume Flow Calculation The volume flow at line conditions QLine is the (adjusted) profile-corrected gasvelocity vm multiplied by the internal cross sectional area A of the spool piece:

Q = v A = vD4Line m m

2

⋅ ⋅π

(3.11)

The volumetric flow at base conditions QBase calculated as follows:

Qzz

PP

TT

QBase Line= ⋅ ⋅ ⋅0

0

0 (3.12)

where:

♦ z0, P0, T0 are compressibility factor, pressure and temperature at base (orreference) conditions, and

♦ z, P, T are compressibility factor, pressure and temperature at line (ormetering) conditions.

The addition of the optional C-Module with it latest version of firmware givesthe Q.Sonic the capability of calculating the corrected gas volume at baseconditions, provided there are pressure and temperature inputs and thecomposition of the gas is known. This new firmware has also expanded themethodologies that may be utilized to correct for the supercompressiblity of thegas. While the older firmware (in Series II electronics) only provided anapproximation methodology based on a single polynomial equation and 6“approximation coefficients” the new firmware also allows for the selection ofAGA NX-19, SGERG or Disabled (Off).

THEORY OF OPERATION


Approximation Methodology: compressibility factor is calculated using apolynomial equation. Any compressibility calculation can be approximated byvirtue of the 6 “approximation coefficients’’ in the equation. Instromet candetermine these coefficients based on the following information.

♦ Maximum and minimum flowing gas pressure♦ Max and minimum flowing gas temperature♦ Average Specific Gravity (Relative Density)♦ Average mole percentage for CO2 and N2

If all 6 “approximation coefficients” are set to “0” and z0 is set to some value,the compressibility factor becomes that value (ie compressibility factor is set to aconstant).

AGA NX-19: compressibility factor is calculated using modified version of theNX-19 method which utilizes the absolute static pressure, rather than gaugepressure. This methodology requires the following inputs:

♦ Relative density♦ Mole fraction CO2

♦ Mole fraction N2

SGERG: compressibility factor is calculated based on the Standard (Simplified)GERG-88 Virial Equation. The requirements for this equation are:

♦ Relative density♦ Mole fraction CO2

♦ ‘Hs’ the superior or gross heating value of the gas (MJ/m3 @ referenceconditions of 0°C , 101.325 kPa and combustion temperature of 25°C)

Disabled: no compressibility factor is calculated

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


4 System Description

4.1 Introduction

.

The Q.Sonic is a high accuracy, custody transfer quality meter consisting of thefollowing components:

♦ A precision fabricated spoolpiece with integrated ports for mounting ofthe transducers.

♦ 3 or 5 pairs of transducers (dependent on the design selected) which areconnected via armoured coaxial cables to the SPU.

♦ The Signal Processing Unit (SPU): the electronics which control andprocess the signals to and from the transducers, and provide the capabilityof passing the results of the processed signals to peripheral equipment viaserial, frequency and/or analog signals. The SPU is located within an FMcertified explosion safe box housing mounted on the spoolpiece.

An overview of system is shown in Figure 4-1.

Figure 4 – 1: Q.Sonic® system overview

SPU(FM approved

explosion proofencl.)

Control room

Hazardous area

Safe Area

SPU Power Supply (12-30Vdc)2 Frequency Output (0-10 kHz)2 Flow Direction1 RS 485 Signal1 RS 232 Signal1 Partial Fail1 Data Valid(See Note 3)

Positive flow Spool piece

TR1A & 1BTR2A & 2BTR3A & 3BTR4A & 4BTR5A & 5B P

input

(4-2

0 mA)

(See

Note

2)

T inp

ut (4

-20 m

A)(S

ee N

ote 2)

Notes:

1. TR4A, 4B, 5A & 5B are only applicable to 5-path Q.Sonic Meter.2. The pressure and temperature inputs are only required if the C-Module is installed and

corrected volume is to be calculated.3. The output signals indicated in the listing is the standard default set. See Appendices for

additional information on optional outputs.

See Note 1

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


4.2 Path Configuration The Q.Sonic utilizes a unique combination of axial (single reflective) andswirl (double reflective) paths. The combination of paths provide the meternot only with a very representative sampling of the flow profile, but alsoprovide information on the magnitude of swirl in the gas stream. Utilizing thetwo types of path measurements allows for improved profile interpretationand correction.

The 3-path meter has 1 axial and 2 swirl paths for a total of 8 chords, whilethe 5-path meter has 3 axial and 2 swirl paths for a total of 12 chords. The 2swirl paths work in direct opposition to each other to determine the magnitudeof the swirl. As a result of this dependency between the swirl paths, the lossof one swirl path will cause the electronics to ignore the output from thesecond swirl path, so as not to misinterpret the magnitude of swirl.

Figure 4 – 2: Q.Sonic® 3-path configuration (8 chords)

Figure 4 – 2a: Q.Sonic® 5-path configuration (12 chords)

2A 1A 1B 2B

3A 3B

4A 5A 5B 4B

3

1

5

4

2

TOP VIEW END VIEW

1A 1B

2A 2B

3A 3B

1

2

3

TOP VIEW END VIEW

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


4.3 Spoolpiece andTransducer Mounts

The spoolpiece assembly, consisting of the spool, the end flanges, and thetransducer ports, is precision machined for internal diameter and port angleafter fabrication. The transducer mounting hardware is attached to the portson the spoolpiece. Two options are available for the transducer mounting:

1) Non-retractable: This type of transducer installation necessitates thatthe meter must be depressurized prior to retracting the transducer from theseal housing.

2) Retractable: With this optional type of transducer installation, a full-bore isolation valve is sandwiched between the seal housing and the port.Utilizing the Instromet hydraulic retraction tool, the transducer can bepartially retracted to allow the isolation valve to be closed. After theisolation valve is closed and the seal housing is depressurized through thebleed valve, the transducer can be safely removed and replaced.

4.4 Transducers The Q.Sonic uses state-of-the-art ultrasonic transducers which are designed,patented and manufactured by Instromet Ultrasonics B.V.

A simple description for the operation of the transducer pair is to think ofthem as a speaker/microphone combination in which each transduceralternates between the two functions. While one transducer is acting as thespeaker (sending out the acoustic signal), the other transducer is acting as themicrophone (receiving the acoustic signal). Their functions then reverse, themicrophone becomes the speaker and the speaker becomes the microphone.A more technical description is provided in the following paragraphs.

Piezoelectric transducers employ crystals or ceramics which are set intovibration when an alternating voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element.The vibrating element generates sound waves in the fluid. Since thepiezoelectric effect is reversible, the element will become electricallypolarized and produce voltages related to the mechanical strain when thecrystal is distorted by the action of incident sound waves.

Because the acoustic impedance of the gas is much smaller than that of thepiezoelectric element, a matching layer between the fluid and the piezoelectricelement is employed to maximize the acoustic efficiency. This device isreferred to as a wave guide.

Three models of transducers are available. All three are suitable for exchangeunder pressure if the meter is equipped with the optional transducer port isolationvalves. The model installed in the meter will be dependent on the operatingpressure and environment of the gas stream:

Model L: Transducer for a pressure range of 116 to 2,175 psig (800 to15 000 kPa) and temperature range of -4 to 176ºF (–20 to 80ºC).

Model M: Transducer for a pressure range of 0 to 290 psig (0 to 2 000 kPa)and temperature range of -4 to 140ºF (–20 to 60ºC).

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


Model P: Transducer for a pressure range of 116 to 2175 psig (800 to15 000 kPa) and temperature range of -4 to 176ºF (–20 to 80ºC).Transducer is designed for applications where high frequencynoise may be present.

An illustrative drawing of the transducer design is shown in Figure 4 – 3.

CAUTION: The transducer and cable together form part of tuned circuit. Dueto the quality control utilized in the manufacturing process, transducers can bereplaced with minimal impact on the meter’s accuracy (will remain within thespecified uncertainty limits). The cable length, however, must not be changedunder any circumstances. Changing the length may affect the properties ofthe tuned circuit and therefore affect meter accuracy. Transducers aregenerally installed as matched pairs.

Figure 4 – 3: Model L, M and P Transducers

4.5 Signal Processing Unit The Signal Processing Unit, the heart of the Q.Sonic meter, consists of theprinted circuit boards (PCB) mounted within an explosion-proof/weather-proofenclosure. Its functions are:

♦ Interface with the transducers♦ Control the timing, generation and digital detection of ultrasonic pulses♦ Control the measuring process, calculate VOS, flow velocity, volume, etc.♦ Generate output signals to peripheral device(s) (RTU or flow computer)

Programmable frequency outputs Programmable current output (optional) Digital outputs for ‘flow direction’ Digital output for ‘data valid’ and/or ‘partial failure’

♦ Serial interface for digital data communication (RS-485 and/or RS-232)

NOTE: The RS-485 and RS-232 are not independent of each other. As aresult, communication collisions may occur if each of the signals is connectedto a different device and each device is performing a different function (i.e.one device is receiving and the other is transmitting information to the SPU orboth devices are transmitting to the SPU.

Gland connector (moulded)Cable gland

Twisted pair cable(shielded, armored)

Transducer wires (moulded)Ultrasonic Transducer

CONAX high pressure cable gland

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


The SPU for the older Series I and Series II electronics types consists of 3modules, a V-module, a C-module and a fuse module. With revisions to thefirmware on both the V-module and the C-module, the SPU for Series III typeinstruments only require the V-module and the fuse module. The C-modulebecomes an optional add-on in case the user requires the added functionality itprovides.

It should be noted that all meters built in North America have two additionalcomponents within the SPU enclosure; a Frequency Control Card, and aterminal strip which provides for easier wire terminations.

4.5.1 Explosion proof enclosure The SPU electronics are contained within an FM certified explosion-proofenclosure. The enclosure is 10" by 10" by 6" for the 3-path meter and 14" by10" by 6" for the 5-path meter. The enclosure is equipped with three or five(dependent on enclosure size) ½ inch NPT connections on each side for easein routing transducer wiring. The enclosure is also equipped with two 1-inchNPT openings on the bottom for power and signal wiring (to RTU or flowcomputer). The specifications on the enclosure are:

4.5.2 ModulesThe electronics of the SPU is comprised of three modules:

♦ V-Module: The V-Module consists of 2 printed circuit boards, thePROTRAN and the PROSON-II. The PROTRAN board contains theanalog circuits for transmitting and receiving the ultrasonic sound pulses.This card also contains the components of the receiver’s Automatic GainControl (AGC). The second printed circuit board (PCB), the PROSON-II,is a micro controller system which interfaces with the PROTRAN and theoptional C-Module. The PROSON controls the transmit/receive timing ofthe ultrasonic sound pulses and the PROTRAN’s AGC circuits. ThePROSON’s main tasks are recognition and quality analysis of the receivedsound pulses, travel time measurement and calculation of sound and gasvelocity and actual gas volume.

The Proson-II board processes the measured data from each of theindividual paths from which it can then calculate the volume flow basedon the known meter parameters. This information is made available to

Enclosure Specifications FM Approval *Manufacturer Adalet AdaletEnclosure Series XCE or XCEX

ExplosionproofXCE or XCEXExplosionproof

Catalog number 101006-N4 or 101406-N4 101006 or 101406NEMA Enclosure Type NEMA 4, NEMA 7, NEMA 9Standards Compliance - CSA and/or cUL Standard 22.2 No. 30

- UL Standard 1203Hazardous LocationRating

Explosionproof for use in:Class I, Groups C, DClass II, Groups E, F, GClass III

NRTL listed and explosion-proof for use in:Class I, Div 1 Groups B, C, D

CENELEC EExd IIB (XCEX Series enclosure only)* Factory Mutual “Certificate of Compliance” can be obtained from the Approvals page on the

Instromet website: www.instrometinc.com

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


the user via the frequency, digital, and serial outputs (RS-485 & RS-232)from the board. If the optional C-module is installed, these outputs willnot be available directly from the Proson-II board, but will be passedthrough to the C-module.

The Proson-II board also contains a DC/DC converter, which converts theexternally supplied DC voltage to those required by the SPU internallyplus providing isolation for the SPUs circuitry.

♦ C-Module (optional): The C-Module, is a micro controller system whichprimarily controls the analog outputs and analog pressure and temperatureinputs. The firmware also allows it to perform compressibility calculationsand thereby correct the “actual” volumes (as received from the V-module) tothe volume at a specified set of base conditions. The C-Module also passesthe processed results on to the outside world, using the serial interface (RS-485), the frequency output, the current output ‘Data Valid’ and ‘FlowDirection’. It also contains the necessary A/D and D/A converters for theanalog inputs and output.

♦ Fuse Module: The fuse module is a printed circuit board that providestransient protection and a filter for high frequency noise on the powersupply.

NOTE: Series II electronics can be upgraded to Series III electronics.Instromet should be contacted about this ‘upgrade kit’ and the benefits of suchan upgrade.

The following figures show schematic diagrams of the SPU.

Contr

ol Ro

om

Q.Sonic Meter

SPU Power Supply ( 12 – 30 Vdc) 2 Frequency Outputs (0 – 10 kHz, opto coupler) 2 Flow Direction (opto coupler) 2 Serial Communications (RS 232 and RS 485) 1 Partial Fail (opto coupler) 1 Data Valid (opto coupler)

TR1A & 1B TR2A & 2B TR3A & 3B TR4A & 4B TR5A & 5B (See Note 1)

(See Note 2)

V-MODULE

FREQUENCY CONTROL CARD

PROTRAN

FUSE MODULE

PROSON II TB1&TB2

Standard SPU with 2-board electronics (no analog I/O)

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


Figure 4 – 4: Signal Processing Unit (SPU)

4.5.3 Frequency Control CardThe Frequency Control Card (enhanced version of the older frequency splitterboard) provides the user with additional flexibility in the frequency and flowdirection signals from the SPU. The 4 outputs from this board are configuredvia a rotary switch. The following table lists the outputs from the FrequencyControl Card, based on the setting of the rotary switch. As can be seen, theavailable selection of outputs will meet all the signal requirements for moststandard measurement installations.

C-MODULE

Pres

sure

Inpu

t (4-

20mA

) - O

ption

al Te

mper

ature

Inpu

t (4-

20mA

) - O

ption

al

Contr

ol Ro

om

Q.Sonic Meter

SPU Power Supply ( 12 – 30 Vdc) 2 Frequency Outputs (0 – 10 kHz, opto coupler) 2 Flow Direction (opto coupler) 1 Serial Communications (RS 485) 1 Data Valid (opto coupler) 1 Current Output (4 – 20 mA)

TR1A & 1B TR2A & 2B TR3A & 3B TR4A & 4B TR5A & 5B (See Note 1)

(See Note 2)

V-MODULE

FREQUENCY CONTROL CARD

PROTRAN

FUSE MODULE

PROSON II TB1&TB2

SPU with 2-board electronics and C-module (analog I/O)

Notes: 1. TR4A, 4B, 5A & 5B are only applicable to 5-path Q.Sonic Meter. 2. The output signals indicated in the listing is the standard default set.

The frequency, digital (flow direction), and analog outputs may be customized to meet the users requirements.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


For additional details on the capabilities and specifications of this board,please refer to Appendix A. 4.5.4 Terminal StripTo assist in the installation and speed up the wiring installation, all metersbuilt in North American have all the input and output wiring terminationslocated on a terminal strip attached to the inside wall of the SPU enclosure. Afactory installed wiring harness takes care of the connections between theSPU, Frequency Control Card, and the terminal strip eliminating the need forthe user to install any Phoenix connectors. All terminations on the terminalstrip are of the standard screw-clamp type.

4.6 Basic Input and OutputFeatures

The Q.Sonic with the Series III electronics (2-board) can provide frequencyoutput signals based upon the calculated values for actual volume, averagepipeline gas velocity, or gas VOS. If the optional C-module is added, each ofthe aforementioned signals is also available in an analog format (4-20 mA).In addition, if the customer supplies temperature and pressure input signals tothe C-module, the corrected volume can also be provided as one of the outputvalues. These outputs can be configured to the analog output (4-20 mA), thefrequency, or both in any combination. The frequency upper limit should notbe set higher than 10,000 Hz. Although the frequency can be programmed toa maximum value of 12,000 Hz, a maximum of 10,000 is recommended, toallow for over-ranging and error frequency configuration. See Section 4.9.12for information regarding the error frequency. The measurement units for volume (actual or corrected), average pipeline gasvelocity, or gas VOS can be in either US or SI. 4.6.1 Frequency Outputs The frequency output is a programmable opto-coupler output. UtilizingUNIFORM, the following properties can be configured for this output:

♦ Measured value represented (ie gas volume, gas velocity, gas VOS)♦ Range of the measure value♦ Output frequency range

SW1 Settings TB2 OUTPUTS

1 2 3 4 SWITCH SETTING TB2 (1+ 2-) TB2 (3+ 4-) TB2 (5+ 6-) TB2 ( 7+ 8-)

MODE OF OPERATION

0 FF RF FD RD Bi-directional mode 1 F F FD RD Uni-directional mode 2 FF FF RF RF Bi-directional custody (no FD out) 3 F F F F Quad output (no FD out) 4 FF/100 RF/100 FD RD Bi-directional (divide by 100) 5 F/100 F/100 FD RD Uni-directional (divide by 100) 6 FF/1000 RF/1000 FD RD Bi-directional (divide by 1000) 7 F/1000 F/1000 FD RD Uni-directional (divide by 1000) 8 100 Hz 100 Hz Open (off) Open (off) Test Mode (100 Hz) 9 5 kHz 5 kHz Open (off) Open (off) Test Mode (5 kHz)

Abbreviations:F – Frequency (Both Fwd and Rev) FF – Forward Flow Frequency FD – Forward Flow DirectionRF – Reverse Flow Frequency RD- Reverse Flow Direction

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


Although the frequency output(s) originate from the Proson-II board, metersbuilt in North America, have the frequency outputs redirected throught theFrequency Control Card. This provides the user with additional choices withrespect to the frequency outputs.

Although the Frequency Control Card provides the user with the option oftwo or more frequency type output signals, only one measured value is beingrepresented. In the case of meters set up for bi-directional flow, the measuredvalue represented by the frequency is the same in either direction.

See Appendix A for detailed specifications on this card.

4.6.2 Analog Inputs The optional C-module provides two programmable 12-bit 4-20 mA analoginputs. These can only be used for pressure and temperature transmitterinputs, if corrected volume output is required. A separate power supply isrequired for the transmitters (the SPU will not power the transmitters). Pleasesee the wiring diagrams in the Appendix B for more details. NOTE: The corrected volume accuracy is not ‘custody transfer’ quality. Ifthe ‘Approximation Methodology’ is used, the compressibility computation isgenerally accurate to within 0.2% over most operating conditions. If theAGA NX-19 or SGERG methodologies are used, the compressibility isaccurate to approximately 0.1%. This assumes that the gas compositionutilized in the calculation is reasonably representative of the actual gasflowing through the meter. 4.6.3 Analog Outputs The optional C-module has one programmable 12-bit 4-20 mA analog outputWith UNIFORM, the following properties can be configured for this output:

♦ Measured value represented (ie gas volume, gas velocity, gas VOS)♦ Range of the measure value♦ Output frequency rangeA separate power supply is not required for this output. Please see the wiringdiagram in Appendix B for details. 4.6.4 Serial Data Communication The Series III electronics (2-board) Proson-II board has both RS-485 and anRS-232 serial communication outputs. If the optional C-module (Series III, 3board electronics) is installed, only the RS-485 serial data link will beavailable. With the proprietary software, UNIFORM, (utilizes the UNIFORMProtocol) all measurement, diagnostic and configuration data can be obtainedvia the RS-485 serial communication link and a serial interface converter, ordirectly via the RS-232 serial communication link. This serial link is alsoused to configure the meter. Data is updated once per second, and istransmitted automatically. That is, the SPU does not need to be ‘polled’ tosend information. The end device must be capable of receiving data once persecond if direct communication with the SPU is desired.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


Alternately, all the measurement, diagnostic and configuration data can beobtained via the Modbus RTU protocol. The Series III electronics allowdirect communication with the meter via Modbus protocol using the RS-485serial link (protocol converter not required).

Dependent on the end device to which the meter is supplying information anRS-485 to RS-232 interface converter (supplied with the meter) may berequired. Some RTUs are capable of communication via RS-485. Computers(laptops), however, communicate via RS-232 and must therefore be connecteddirectly to an RS-232 signal or if connected to the RS-485 signal, the interfaceconverter is required.

Older meters equipped with the 3 board Series II electronics require aprotocol converter for applications for serial communication between theultrasonic meter and RTU (or flow computer) or direct communication withthe meter utilizing the modbus protocol.

Please see Section 4.10 for details on an optional protocol converter, which isaddressable, and does require polling. 4.6.5 Data Valid Signal The SPU provides a digital status signal for indication of measurementproblems via a separate opto-isolated output. This includes problems with gasVOS out of range, gas velocity out of range, poor performance, and severalother diagnostic parameters. For more detailed information on this signal,please see the Instromet Ultrasonic Flow Meter Troubleshooting Manual.

It is an opto coupler output with the following characteristics:

♦ Active (conductive) when values related to measurement are withinaccepted ranges (as specified in set-up parameters)

♦ Non-conductive when values are out of range, meter is in ProgrammingMode or power is lost

The criteria with respect to the Data Valid signal is somewhat dependent onthe source of the signal. If the signal is output from the Proson-II board,(Series III 2-board electronics) then it will be dependent on the validity of themeasured data/processed data from the meter itself (i.e. performance, VOS,gas velocity, etc.). If the optional C-module is installed and is the source forthe Data Valid signal, then it will be dependent on the validity of the DataValid signal from the Proson-II board plus the validity of the pressure andtemperature inputs with respect to the ranges specified.

NOTE: The opto-coupler outputs are non-active outputs and therefore needto be externally powered. 4.6.6 Partial Failure SignalThe Partial Fail is a new digital signal only available with the Series IIIelectronics with the 2-board configuration (no C-Module).

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


It is an opto coupler output with the following characteristics:

♦ Active (conductive) when all the meter paths are functioning properly♦ Non-conductive when there is a failure on one or more paths

If the optional C-module is added, the digital output related to the PartialFailure is not available.

NOTE: The opto-coupler outputs are non-active outputs and therefore needto be externally powered.

4.6.7 Flow Direction Signals The Frequency Control Card in the SPU enclosure can provide two opto-isolated outputs for indication of flow direction (i.e. one output for each flowdirection). When the card has been configured to provide redundant(duplicate) frequency outputs, this signal is the only indicator as to thedirection of flow. If the Frequency Control Card has been configured toprovide a separate frequency output for flow in each direction (SW1 = 0 - ‘AsShipped’ configuration, or SW1 = 4 or 6), then the flow direction signal canbe utilized as a status indicator.

The Flow Direction signal is an open collector output with the followingcharacteristics:

♦ Active (conductive) when flow is in the “Forward” direction♦ Non-conductive when flow is in the “Reverse” direction NOTE: See Appendix A for specifications on the Frequency Control Cardand flow direction signals.

4.7 Power Requirement All Q.Sonic meters shipped after January 1, 1998 can be operated on voltagesfrom 12 to 30 VDC with no electronic wiring changes. The SPU drawsapproximately 6 watts during normal operation (about 250 mA at 24 VDC,and increases with reduced input voltage). However, the recommendedsupply voltage is 24 VDC as this reduces input current, which will minimizewiring size. A 24 VDC supply will also permit operation of pressure andtemperature transmitters from the same external power source (i.e. SPU cannot power the pressure or temperature transmitters), if the meter is set-up andconfigured to calculate corrected volumes. For voltage requirements on unitsshipped prior to this date, please consult Instromet.

4.8 Communication –UNIFORM Software

UNIFORM is a software tool that allows configuration and monitoring of anyInstromet ultrasonic gas flow meter, via a personal computer utilizing theserial data communication. It utilizes the ‘virtual instrument’ concept totransform the PC into a measurement instrument with a user-friendlygraphical interface. UNIFORM also allows for uploading/downloading ofset-up parameters, diagnostics, as well as ‘logging’ data in a standard ASCIIor text file format.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


UNIFORM Version Operating System Compatibility

UNIFORM 1.41& earlier

Operates on DOS (Version 3.0 and higher)Windows 3.1, 95, 98, NT4, Me & XP compatibleNOT Windows 2000 compatible (must be openedin DOS on computers running this OS)

UNIFORM 2000 Windows 2000, Me, XP and 9x compatible

The UNIFORM software and UNIFORM User’s Guide are provided with themeter. If additional copies are required, please contact Instromet. UNIFORM offers a variety of functional capabilities. These are:

♦ Configuration: UNIFORM permits the user to read the flow meter’soperational parameters from the device, to change them, and to write thenew settings back to the device. A complete set of operational parametersis called a Parameter Set-up. Parameter Set-ups can be saved to andloaded from the PC’s hard disk.

♦ Monitoring: UNIFORM has on-line displays for real time monitoring ofthe operational status and measurement data of an individual meter.

♦ Data Logging: UNIFORM features a versatile data logger which allowsthe capture of measurement results for off-line data processing.

For a more detailed explanation on the use of this software please refer to theUNIFORM User’s Guide.

4.8.1 Requirements for running UNIFORMUNIFORM was developed for an IBM (or fully compatible) personal computer.The minimum system requirements to run UNIFORM are:

♦ IBM PC AT, PS/2, or fully compatible personal computer with the Intel80486 processor (or higher), and at least 8 MB RAM (32 MB required forUNIFORM 2000)

♦ Hard disk with 5 MB of free disk space, and a 3.5 inch floppy disk drive♦ IBM VGA, or compatible graphics adapter♦ VGA monitor♦ Two serial ports, or one serial port and a dedicated mouse port♦ Microsoft, IBM PS/2, or fully software-compatible mouse♦ MS-DOS 3.0 or later or Windows 3.1, 9x, NT4, Me or XP (Windows 9x,

2000, Me or XP for UNIFORM 2000)♦ If the RS-485 serial output from either the Proson-II or the C-module is

used, an RS-485/RS-232 converter capable of: Bi-directional data transmission 4800 baud data rate (Note: 4800 is the default rate. The converter

must be capable of 9600 / 19200 / 38400 baud to utilize the higherbaud rates allowed by the meter)

Half-duplex operation with user transparent (automatic) bus directioncontrol. UNIFORM does NOT use the serial port’s modem control

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


signals, so the converter must deduce its bus direction control signalsfrom the data stream itself.

NOTE: Instromet supplies the converter with all meters.

4.9 Parameter Set-up The Q.Sonic’s operation and signal output are controlled by a programmable setof parameters, (including elements such as path length, path angle, etc.) whichare stored in the SPU’s non-volatile memory. The so called ‘parameter set-up’,is divided into several categories in UNIFORM. Each parameter set-up isaccessed through an individual panel. The following is a summary of thepanels ( the names shown in parentheses are the names of the tabs inUNIFORM 2000):

♦ PROSON-II Configuration (PROSON II Configuration)♦ Module Information (Module Info)♦ Spool Piece Parameters (Spool Piece)♦ V-Module Parameters (V-Module)♦ Profile Correction Parameters (Profile Correction)♦ Calibration Parameters (Calibration)♦ Adjust Factor (Adjust Factor)♦ Low Pass Filter Set-up (Low Pass Filter)♦ Low Flow Cut-off Set-up (Low Flow Cut-off)♦ P&T Input Parameters (Inputs)♦ PTZ Volume Correction (PTZ Volume Correction)♦ Current Output Set-up (Current Output)♦ Frequency Output Set-up (Frequency Output)

4.9.1 PROSON-II ConfigurationThis panel requires the input of 5 low level parameter settings which specifyvarious aspects of functionality for the electronics. These are set at thefactory and should not be altered unless these properties within the meter needto be changed. Please contact Instromet before altering any of these values.

NOTE: This panel and the parameter settings required herein are onlyapplicable to Series III electronics or Series II electronics which have beenupgraded to Series III electronics.

4.9.2 Module InformationThe parameters related to Module Information are the firmware version, meterserial number, and the Id string which provides additional information aboutthe meter/electronics. This information is “Read Only”, and therefore non-editable.

NOTE: This panel and its functionality are only applicable to Series IIIelectronics or Series II electronics which have been upgraded to Series IIIelectronics.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


4.9.3 Spool Piece ParametersThe spool piece parameters describe the flow meter's geometry:

♦ Diameter (D): This is the spool piece’s (pipe section’s) true innerdiameter. It is used in the Reynolds number based velocity profilecorrection, and for conversion of flow velocity to volume flow.

♦ Path Length (L): This is the straight line length of the acoustic pathbetween the two transducers. It is used in the calculation of theuncorrected flow velocity. Series II electronics only allowed for the inputof one (average) path length for the axial paths and one for the swirlpaths. The length of each individual path can be input on Series III typemeters.

♦ Beam Angle (ϕ): This is the angle between the acoustic path and the axisof the spool piece. It is also used in the calculation of the uncorrectedflow velocity. As with path length, Series II electronics only allowed forthe input of one (average) path angle for the swirl paths and one (average)path angle for the axial paths. The angle of each individual path can beinput on Series III type meters.

4.9.4 V-Module ParametersThe V-Module parameters basically control the Q.Sonic’s measurementprocess. These parameters are considered to be either application-specific, ordevice-specific. Default values have been entered at the factory for all V-Module parameters. They should not require adjustment. If in doubt about anyof these default settings, as they may apply to a specific application, pleasecontact Instromet.

Application-specific parameters:

♦ V.o.S. Range: The velocity of sound (VOS) depends on gas composition,temperature and pressure, and is therefore specific to the meteringapplication. Based on normal pipeline gas composition, pressure andtemperature, a default range of 1,000 to 1,600 ft/sec (305 to 488 m/sec)has been entered at the factory. This range will permit satisfactoryoperation from 250 to 1480 psig (1 725 to 10 200 kPa) and 0 to 120 ºF (-18 to 49ºC).

♦ Gas Velocity Range: This is the expected range of flow velocities in themetering application. The gas velocity range at which the meter willoperate properly is dependent on the metering application and is includedin the default set-up supplied with the meter. If no gas velocity range isspecified, a default range of –130 to 130 ft/sec (-40 to +40 m/sec) shouldbe used.

The combination of VOS and gas velocity ranges are used by the control andsignal processing circuits to calculate the time-window in which receivedpulses are expected to be valid, and to validate received pulses during low-level processing.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


Device-specific parameters:

♦ Sample Rate: This parameter controls the frequency at which the traveltime between the transducers is measured (as described in Section 3,Theory of Operation). A sample rate of 15 is good in most applications.

♦ Timing Constant (1/2/3): These low-level control parameters whichdepend on the hardware (electronics and transducers) of the meter. Theywill affect the meter’s ability to determine the actual VOS andconsequently volume. The timing constants should not be altered.

♦ Pulse Length: This is a low-level control parameter which depends onthe hardware (electronics and transducers) of the meter. It will change thevoltage to the transducers thereby impacting the pulse signal. It should notbe altered.

CAUTION: All three device specific parameters are normally included in thedefault configuration. Altering any one of these parameters may have asignificant impact on meter accuracy.

4.9.5 Velocity Profile CorrectionThese parameters control the conversion from path averaged flow velocity (ascalculated from the time-of-flight measurements along the acoustic path) to thebulk mean velocity of the fluid (the velocity averaged over the cross section ofthe pipe). The profile correction parameters are grouped into two categories.

Reynolds Number Computation:

Since the calculation of the bulk mean velocity, vm, is dependent on theReynolds number, information with respect to the density and dynamicviscosity of the gas is required.

♦ Density: Density of the gas at average line (metering) conditions.♦ Dynamic Viscosity: Dynamic viscosity of the gas at average line

(metering) conditions.

The conversion from the path averaged flow velocity to the bulk meanvelocity is relatively insensitive to the density and viscosity. A deviation by afactor of two for either parameter results in an insignificant error. As a resultof this insensitivity, a single value for each will be representative over a largerange of compositions, temperatures and pressures in a specific meteringapplication. The factory default settings for the density and viscosity mayneed to be adjusted for specific natural gas metering applications.

These values can be determined by using the logarithmic average of theminimum and maximum values expected calculated as follows:

ρ ρ ρ= ⋅min max (4.1)

and

η η η= ⋅min max (4.2)

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


The density and dynamic viscosity may be calculated using SonicWare™ orany other software employing the equations of state contained in AGA ReportNo 8.

Profile Correction Coefficients:

The flow profile, even in a straight pipe, is always curved; i.e. the velocity atthe wall equals zero while the velocity in the middle is at its maximum. TheReynolds correction provides a means for compensating for this deviation.Based on the Reynolds number, an nth order equation is used for thecorrection. The coefficients for this equation are set out in the matrix for the‘Profile Correction Coefficients’ in the Parameter Set-up. For a meter such asthe Q.Sonic, with the combination of axial and swirl paths, a 6 by 2 matrix ofcoefficients is used. These coefficients, labelled ‘p1’ through ‘p6’ for each ofthe path designs are used by the flow meter to calculate the Reynolds-dependent profile correction factor. These coefficients are set based on thesize and design of the meter.

CAUTION: The ‘Profile Correction Coefficients’ are programmed into theParameter Set-up at the factory, and should never be altered withoutconsultation with Instromet. Changing them will impact the meter accuracysignificantly.

4.9.6 Calibration ParametersThis is a 6 by 4 matrix of coefficients whose purpose is to correct for distortedflow (velocity) profile effects. These distortions are also referred to as non-symmetrical and/or swirling flow profiles. This matrix of coefficients isbased on the database of test results from testing done at the variouscalibration facilities. Based on the accumulation of additional data, the valuesfor the matrix may be updated from time to time. These coefficients are setbased on the size of the meter.

CAUTION: The ‘Calibration Parameters’ are programmed into the ParameterSet-up at the factory, and should not be altered without consultation withInstromet. Changing them may impact the meter accuracy significantly.

4.9.7 Adjust FactorThe ‘adjust factor’ is used to correct for any bias in the ultrasonic flow meter.The bias is determined based on a flow proof at a test facility. The majority ofQ.Sonic meters are sent to an accredited calibration facility to determine whatbias exists in the meter, relative to known standards. Once the bias has beendetermined, a factor is entered into the parameter set-up to off-set the meter bias(i.e., if during the flow proof of the meter it is found to register 0.2% higherthan the know standards, then an ‘adjust factor’ of 0.9980 would be entered toadjust for the meter bias).

Series III meter types have provisions for an adjust factor for each direction offlow, if the meter is to be used in a bi-directional application.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


4.9.8 Low Pass Filter Set-upQ.Sonic meters feature a low pass filter which is used to average some of theQ.Sonic’s measured data (i.e. VOS, flow velocity and volume flow). Thisfeature is useful when the output fluctuates significantly over a short period oftime and a smoothed output is desirable.

CAUTION: Using this feature may impact measurement accuracy.

♦ Mode: The mode has three settings: ‘Off’: No low pass filtering. ‘On (Fast Alarm)’: Measured data are low pass filtered with ‘Fast

Alarm’ output. With ‘Fast Alarm’ output, the most recent measuredvalue determines the state of the Data Valid contact.

‘On (Slow Alarm)’: Measured data are low pass filtered with ‘SlowAlarm’ output. With ‘Slow Alarm’ output, the Data Valid contactsignals invalid data when the meter has been unable to obtain a validmeasurement for a period of time greater than the ‘Filter TimeConstant’.

♦ Filter Time Constant: The number of seconds over which the measuredvalue will be averaged.

4.9.9 Low Flow Cut-off Set-up♦ Mode: Due to the sensitivity of the meter, transients and/or meter

uncertainty may cause the meter to indicate gas flow at the lower extremeof the meter range when in fact there is no flow. As an example, theremay be no physical flow through the pipe, however, due to temperaturegradients or pressure fluctuations, the gas in the pipe may be moving.The meter may detect this gas movement as flow, and subsequentlyindicate that there is physical flow through the pipe when in fact there isnone. This is particularly applicable if the lower limit of the gas velocityhas been set to zero.

To eliminate these potentially erroneous readings, the Low Flow Cut-offcan be activated by setting the “Mode” to “On” and entering a Low CutThreshold velocity. This will result in the meter equating the flowingvolume to “zero” whenever the velocity is below the threshold. SeeFigure 4 – 5 for an illustration of the affect of activating the Low FlowCut-off.

♦ Low Cut Threshold: the minimum velocity for which the meter willindicate a volume greater than zero. When the measured velocity isbelow this value, the meter will indicate the volume flow as zero.

4.9.10 P&T Input Set-upIf required, the actual volume as determined by the meter can be corrected toa volume at a set of base or reference conditions. To obtain the correctedvolume output from the meter, the optional C-module, which accepts theanalog (4 –20 mA) signals from the pressure and temperature transmitters(customer supplied), must be installed. The set-up allows for theconfiguration of the upper and lower range of the inputs from the transmitters.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


The reference or base conditions, plus a compressibility calculationmethodology are also required.

NOTE: The system requires that the pressure input is representative of theabsolute values (psia in US units or kPa(abs.) in SI units). This means that thepressure signal must include the local atmospheric pressure.

♦ Pressure Input: Provides for selection of the Mode (Live, Disabled orFixed) for the pressure input. If Live is selected the range limits for the 4– 20 mA signal needs to be set. If Fixed is selected the pressure setpointmust be specified.

♦ Temperature Input: Provides for selection of the Mode (Live, Disabledor Fixed) for the temperature input. If Live is selected the range limits forthe 4 – 20 mA signal needs to be set. If Fixed is selected the temperaturesetpoint must be specified.

4.9.11 PTZ Volume CorrectionThis set-up panel is used in conjunction with the P&T Parameters whencorrecting the actual volume to a set of base or reference conditions. The usercan select one of the three volume correction methodologies:

♦ Approximation Method: a polynomial equation which can approximatethe compressibility of the gas. (Instromet must determine the applicablecoefficients) This methodology is available on both Series II and Series IIIelectronics with a C-Module

♦ SGERG: compressibility is calculated based on the Standard (Simplified)GERG-88 Virial equation. This methodology is only available on theSeries III electronics with a C-Module.

♦ AGA NX-19: compressibility is calculated using a modified version ofNX-19. The modification allows for the use of absolute pressure. Thismethodology is only available on the Series III electronics with a C-Module.

Base Conditions:

♦ P0: Base (or reference) pressure♦ T0: Base (or reference) temperature♦ z0: Compressibility at base (or reference) conditions (applies to

Approximation Method only)

Compressibility Set-up:

♦ Approximation Coefficients: A set of 6 coefficients labelled 'a1' through'a6’ are used by the flow meter to calculate the compressibility of the gasat line conditions. These coefficients are only required for theApproximation Method.

♦ Gas Composition Data: For the AGA NX-19 calculation the RelativeDensity, and mole fraction CO2 & N2 are required. For the SGERGcalculation, the Relative Density, mole fraction CO2 and the superior(gross) heating value of the gas are required.

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


♦ Valid Pressure Range: The pressure range for which the approximationcoefficients are valid. If the NX-19 and SGERG methods are selected,the valid pressure range is predefined and can not be altered.

♦ Valid Temperature Range: The temperature range for which theapproximation coefficients are valid. If the NX-19 and SGERG methodsare selected, the valid temperature range is predefined and can not bealtered.

The Approximation Coefficients are dependent on the composition of the gasand the temperature and pressure range at which the gas is being measured.Instromet should be contacted to determine a set of coefficients that areapplicable to the specific metering application. In order to determine thesecoefficients, the minimum, maximum and average values for SG, N2, CO2,pressure and temperature are required.

NOTE: The calculation of the volume at base conditions is intended foroperational purposes only. The methodology utilized to approximate thecompressibility does not meet most custody transfer quality requirements as ithas a typical accuracy of ±0.1%.

4.9.12 Current/Frequency Output Set-upAlthough UNIFORM has separate panels for the current and frequencyoutputs, the explanation for the two has been combined due to thecommonality of the two. It must be noted, however, that the optional C-module must be installed to have the analog output.

The Q.Sonic can provide output signals based upon the calculated values forvolume (actual or corrected), average pipeline gas velocity, or gas VOS.They can be configured on the analog output (4-20 mA), the frequencyoutput, or both in any combination. The frequency output has a maximumfull scale of 10,000 Hz, and can be configured to meet any full-scalerequirement. Although the SPU is capable of producing up to 12,000 Hz atfull scale, a full-scale value exceeding 10,000 should not be used in theparameter set-up. The 10,000 Hz will allow for over-ranging andconfiguration of an ‘error frequency’. Since most customers prefer using5,000 Hz for full scale, the meter is shipped with this configuration. The measurement units for volume (actual or corrected), average pipeline gasvelocity, or gas VOS can be in either US or SI. NOTE: For the computation of corrected gas volumes, the customer mustsupply the temperature and pressure signals to the meter.

♦ Output Value: Allows the selection of the calculated value for which anoutput signal is being configured.

VOS Corrected gas velocity Volume flow at line conditions (actual) Volume flow at base conditions (standard)

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


The correlation between the calculated value selected and the analog (current)or frequency output are set-up by matching the range limits.

♦ Output Value Range: The lower and upper limits of the calculated valuewhich are to be represented by the current or frequency output.

♦ Current/Frequency Range: The lower and upper limits of the current orfrequency which represent the calculated value.

♦ Error: The output current or frequency desired if the measured value isinvalid.

♦ Low Cut Option: Measured values between the lower range limit andthe ‘Low Cut Value’ value will result in an output signal equal to thelower limit set for the signal output. Enabling this option will allow forthe entry of a ‘Low Cut Value’. See Figure 4 – 5 for an illustration of theaffect of activating the Low Cut Option.

♦ Low Cut Value: the value for which the output remains at the lowercurrent or frequency limit for calculated values between the output valuerange’s lower limit and the Low Cut Value.

Figure 4 – 5: Affect of Low Cut Option

NOTE: The current or frequency outputs represent the absolute value (i.e. nosign to indicate whether the value is positive or negative) of the calculated valuethat was selected! When using the current or frequency output to represent, forexample, gas velocity (or volume flow), the flow direction can NOT berepresented by output signal. The flow direction is only available at the digitalFlow Direction Output.

4.10 Equipment and SoftwareOptions

With exception of the power supply and wiring from SPU to RTU or flowcomputer, the Q.Sonic meter is shipped with everything required forinstallation and operation. Instromet does, however, provide some additionalhardware for specialized installations or applications.

Output Value (velocity, ACFH, etc.)

LowerLimit

UpperLimit

Low cutValue

LowerLimit

UpperLimit

ErrorValue

Freq

uenc

y or

Cur

rent

Out

put

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION


The following is a list of options currently available. This list is constantlybeing updated as customer requirements change. Please contact Instromet forany specific needs which the following do not address.

♦ RTU Modbus protocol converter for applications where RS232/485 serialdata communication is desired utilizing this protocol. (The Modbusconverter is only required for Series II SPU. It is not required forcommunication on the Series III SPU as this functionality has beenincorporated into the electronics).

♦ Software for computing the pipeline gas VOS, density and dynamicviscosity. This software employs equations of state set forth in AGATransmission Measurement Committee Report No. 8. (can be used forset-up diagnostics and routine maintenance).

INSTALLATION/START-UP


5 Installation/Start-up

5.1 Introduction This chapter provides a brief summary of instructions for the configuration ofthe SPU once the Q.Sonic has been installed. A more detailed discussion isprovided in the Instromet Q.Sonic® and S.Sonic Installation Manual.

Configuration of meter electronics requires the use of UNIFORM. For acomplete description on how to use this software, please refer to theUNIFORM User’s Guide. A thorough understanding of this package isrequired for proper configuration.

The meter’s electronics are shipped with a set of default settings for each ofthe parameters. The meter’s diameter is based on physical measurements ofthe meter after it has been fabricated. The path length and path angle arebased on physical measurements which have been optimized based on the drycalibration of the meter, prior to shipment. An example meter configurationfor a 12 inch meter is shown in Appendix D.

5.2 Shipment Inspection It is very important to check the ultrasonic flow meter equipment aftershipment. As a minimum, a visual inspection of surfaces, flanges, tubing andtransducer cables should be performed along with a check of the packing listto ensure all the equipment is included. In case of damaged or missingequipment, contact Instromet immediately.

5.3 Q.Sonic® Meter Installation

Detailed instructions for the proper mechanical and electrical installation forthe Q.Sonic are provided in the Instromet Q.Sonic® and S.Sonic InstallationManual. These installation procedures must be followed very carefully asthey will have a significant impact on measurement quality.

Although the Q.Sonic is a high accuracy, custody transfer quality meter, thekey to ensuring this high level of accuracy is the proper installation of themeter. This entails having adequate up and downstream piping. Flowconditioning is generally not required. If in doubt, please contact Instromet.

CAUTION: Care must be taken when installing the Q.Sonic to ensure thatgaskets installed between the flanges do not protrude into the pipe. Anyprotrusion into the flowing gas stream may disrupt the flow profile andincrease the measurement uncertainty of the meter.

5.4 Installing The ParameterSet-Up

The SPU is shipped with a configuration which is consistent with theinformation provided for the particular metering installation. To ensure thatthe meter accuracy remains within the specified range for the meter, theparameters with respect to the Spoolpiece, V Module, Profile Correction,Calibration, or Adjust Factor must not be altered.

This is particularly important if the meter has been calibrated at an accreditedtest facility. The certified accuracy of the meter is based on the parameter set-



up in the meter. This parameter set-up is part of the accuracy certificate.

The output signals may require configuration. Details on the configuration ofthese signals are found in the UNIFORM User’s Guide and Section 4.9.12 ofthis manual.

Most customers prefer to receive a pulse output based upon volume, not gasvelocity. Therefore, the appropriate maximum ACFH must be configured.This value is available under the ‘Frequency Output Set-up’ panel ofUNIFORM. The following Table lists recommended volumes for each metersize (and is the default shipped from the factory). This table is based upon afull scale velocity of approximately 120 feet per second, depending uponmeter size (nominal ID is used), and a maximum at 5,000 Hz.

Nominal MeterSize

Full Scale(ACFH)

Pulse Factor(Pulses/Ft3)

Pulse Factor(Ft3/Pulse)

3 24,000 750 0.0013334 40,000 450 0.0022226 90,000 200 0.0050008 150,000 120 0.008333

10 240,000 75 0.01333312 360,000 50 0.02000016 562,500 32 0.03125018 720,000 25 0.04000020 900,000 20 0.05000024 1,200,000 15 0.06666730 2,000,000 9.0 0.11111136 2,812,500 6.4 0.15625042 3,600,000 5.0 0.20000048 4,000,000 4.5 0.222222

Table 5 – 1: Q.Sonic full scale ACFH table

Even though the meter may never be operated above 75 ft/sec, the maximumACFH value chosen for each meter size provides measurement in the event ofa line break, or other unexpected high flow rate. If these maximum values arenot suitable for a specific application, or the pipeline size is not listed (pulsefactor is also effected), please contact Instromet or see the following equation(on the next page) for determining appropriate values. For configuring theanalog output, the same maximum capacity (or different, as needed) can beused.

For the configuration of any other parameters please see Section 4.9 of thismanual and the UNIFORM User’s Guide.



If the full scale frequency differs from 5000 Hz or a full scale meter capacityother than the one listed in the above table is utilized, the following equationcan be used to determine the pulse factor (pulses per cubic foot):

( ))(

3600/ 3

ACFHCapacityMeterFrequencyScaleFullFtPulsesFactorPulse •=

For applications which require the reciprocal of the pulse factor (cubic footper pulse), invert the above formula.

5.5 Parameter Set-UpProtection

A combination of hardware and software is used to ensure the integrity of theflow meter’s programmable parameters. The Series III electronics (2-board)has a rotary switch on the PROSON-II board. If the switch is set to position7, it is possible to re-configure the meter (download a new parameter set-up).In any other position, the electronics will not accept any parameter changes.Normally the switch should be left in position 0 as the default position.

If the optional C-module is installed, a hardware jumper (protection jumper)may be installed to prevent re-configuration of the meter. . It should be notedthat when the C-module is installed, the rotary switch on the PROSON-IIboard should be set to position 7. Failure to have this switch in position 7 willprevent any configuration downloads even if the protection jumper isremoved.

Unless the rotary switch is in position 7 and the protection jumper is removed(if C-module is installed) the meter’s software will restrict access to theQ.Sonic to ‘read-only operation’. That is, the set-up may be read from theflow meter, but can not be modified. The dedicated modes of operation thatare reserved for factory use and/or maintenance (‘Programming Mode” and‘High/Low Level Service Mode’) are also disabled.

To provide added security once the meter has been properly configured, theprotection jumper (if C-module is installed) or the rotary switch may belocked in place with an adhesive seal. Top views of the PROSON-II and C-Module PCB, and some details are shown in Figure 5-1.

When the rotary switch is in a position other than 7, or the protection jumperis in place, UNIFORM will display a ‘Command Execution Error’ message ifa restricted operation is requested, indicating that the software could notperform the operation. The error message will indicate the requestedcommand, and the problem; ‘*******: Access Restricted’.

To gain access to the protection jumper, the SPU cover must be removed.Prior to removing the cover, the unit should be powered down. Care must betaken when removing the screws and also when re-installing them to ensurethey are not over tightened. Over tightening may cause stripping of thethreads.



Figure 5 – 1: Parameter set-up protection

NOTE: This optional jumper may be installed at the factory. Its purpose is related to the meterset-up and not protection. CAUTION: If this optional jumper has been installed on the C-Module, DO NOT remove it. If the protection jumper needs to be removed so that the parameter set-up in the meter can bemodified, needle nose pliers may be required to remove/install the jumper.

LCD REMOTE V-MODULE JP2

JP4

JP3

REMOTE JP4

Protection jumper reserved

Anti-tamper seal (Optional)

Optional Jumper (See Note)

C-Module PCB and Protection Jumper

Rotary switch setting = 0

Anti-tamper seal (optional)

PROSON II PCB and Rotary Switch

NOTE: A hole in the top cover plate permits accessibility to rotary switch setting. The meter’s parameter set-up can only be changed if rotary switch is set to position 7 The set-up can not be altered in any other switch setting. For consistency switch should be set to “0” to prevent changes to the set-up.

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE


6 Operation And Maintenance

6.1 Introduction The SPU contains no control panels to access the Q.Sonic operating systemdirectly. The Q.Sonic operating system can only be accessed by using a PCwith the UNIFORM software. Due to the fact that the ultrasonic meter istotally electronic, and does not require routine calibration, orvisual/mechanical inspections, the operation of the meter consists primarily ofroutine monitoring and logging of the operational status readings availablethrough UNIFORM.

The Q.Sonic ultrasonic gas flow meter contains no moving parts. Thetransducers are the only components which are in contact with the gasmedium. The materials used for the transducers are resistant to the conditionspresent when the meter is used in applications for which it is specified. Thus,transducers and electronics are virtually maintenance free.

This section only provides a cursory overview of the meter data that is to bechecked during a routine inspection of the meter. For a more detaileddescription of the parameters, and potential sources for error, see theInstromet Ultrasonic Flow Meter Troubleshooting Manual.

6.2 Routine Checks The frequency for collecting the operational Q.Sonic’s status readings willnormally be dictated by company policy and the comfort level with respect tothe reliability of the meter. Regardless of the frequency (monthly, quarterly,semi-annually) a log file should be collected, and each of the parametersreviewed. In order to get a representative sample of the meter’s operation, thelog file should capture at least 1 minute of data. The built-in data logger ofthe UNIFORM software will perform this task. Refer to UNIFORM User’sGuide for instructions on the use of the data logger.

NOTE: Make sure that the metering conditions are always comparable. Itwould be misleading if the operating conditions (gas composition, pressureand/or temperature) were significantly different from those during the priortest. Gas composition and gas temperature have the most significant impacton influencing comparison.

To consolidate the data collected during one of these routine inspections, it isoften helpful to summarize the results. Appendix F has a sample ‘UltrasonicGas Flow Meter Inspection Form which could be utilized or modified to suitthe particular application.

The following (general) rules apply to the measured data:

♦ Velocity of Sound: The measured VOS should normally be stable withina certain range. Sudden jumps (typically greater than 0.5 ft/sec everysecond) may indicate a malfunction.

♦ Gas velocity (zero flow measurement): If the measured gas velocity doesnot show a stable low value, this could indicate a certain measuring error.



This inspection can only be made when the pipeline flow is shut off byisolation valves which provide a positive seal (to make sure there is nogas flow). Leakage through the isolation valve(s) will result in erroneouszero flow readings.

♦ Performance: The performance should normally be close to 100%. Aslowly (over a longer period of time) decreasing performance indicatesthat the transducers may be getting contaminated. The performance willalso decrease at high gas flow rates. Depending on the exact version ofmeter and its dimensions, the performance will generally be above 90%.It will, however, decrease to 50% at very high flow rates. The decrease inperformance will not affect measurement accuracy. Accuracy will onlydegrade when the performance approaches zero.

♦ AGC Levels: The AGC Levels should be stable over a long period oftime. These readings are influenced mainly by the pressure. Normallythere is no significant difference between transducers A and B, but athigher velocities any difference may increase. The different pathcurvature of the upstream and downstream ultrasonic pulses, resultingfrom higher velocities, causes the AGC to increase (decrease) theamplification for the upstream (downstream) transducer. With forwardflow, transducer A is located upstream, and transducer B is locateddownstream.The AGC levels may also increase as a result of contaminant buildup onthe transducer face. If contaminants such as compressor oils mixed withmill scale or other sludge in the pipeline are present, the downstreamtransducers may be subject to a slight buildup of these contaminants.This will result in a higher AGC level on that transducer, relative to theupstream transducer which is angled with the gas flow. If contaminantsare affecting the AGC levels, normally all the downstream transducerswill display the increase. Unless the AGC levels are in excess of about35% of the AGC Limit, the meter’s performance should not be affected.

♦ AGC Limits: The AGC Limits reflect the amount of backgroundultrasonic and/or electrical noise. These limits should be stable over along period of time. If there is a decrease in the limit it may be the resultof electrical interference induced by an external source. All wiring shouldbe checked and special attention should be paid to the shielding ofequipment and cables. Also the grounding schedule is very important.Another cause can be the units’ power supply. Acoustical noise fromcontrol or regulator valves may also lower the AGC limits. The AGCLimits should exceed the AGC Levels by a factor of 3, or more.

Appendix G provides a ‘rule-of-thumb’ guide which can be used to evaluatesome of the results obtained from the meter log and VOS comparison. For amore detailed discussion on possible problems related to the log or VOScomparison, please see the Instromet Ultrasonic Flow MeterTroubleshooting Manual.



In addition to capturing a log file, a verification of the VOS can be performed.This verification necessitates a gas analysis, flowing pressure andtemperature, all of which are representative of the gas stream flowing at thetime the log file is taken. Based on the gas composition, pressure andtemperature, software can be used to calculate the theoretical VOS. To obtainsoftware capable of performing speed of sound calculations, please contactInstromet.

TROUBLESHOOTING


7 Troubleshooting

7.1 Introduction This section provides a cursory overview of common problems, which may beencountered, and some quick checks to identify the most common problemsource.

For a detailed description of the parameters, and potential sources for error,please refer to the Instromet Ultrasonic Flow Meter TroubleshootingManual.

7.2 Quick Checks Depending on the problem occurring, a quick check should be performed:

♦ No frequency output, no status outputs, no current output: If there is serial data, the output may be damaged. If there is no serial data, check the indicator lights in the SPU. If

green LED is on and red LED is not flashing, once per second, thecommunication port may be damaged. If the red LED is not flashing,switch meter off and back on. If the red LED remains off, the SPUelectronics may be damaged. If this procedure rectifies the problem,please contact Instromet for additional technical assistance.

If green LED is not on, check for loss of DC power.♦ Check cables and connections♦ Check interfaces and barriers at user side♦ Check power supply♦ Check board fuses

If the above checks do not isolate the problem, a more detailed investigationis required.

7.3 Troubleshooting An investigation should be completed if a failure occurs or an error issuspected. The problem may be an occasional error or a total failure of theinstrument. In case of an occasional error, a log file of several minutes’duration should be made while the error occurs. An analysis can be made onthe basis of these data.

The Instromet Ultrasonic Flow Meter Troubleshooting Manual provides adetailed discussion on the identification of problems and their potentialsource. The troubleshooting procedures are continually being updated and aretherefore provided as a separate manual. Instromet should be contacted ifassistance is required in troubleshooting the meter.

APPENDIX A – FREQUENCY CONTROL CARD


Appendix A Frequency Control CardTECHNICAL INFORMATION – FREQUENCY CONTROL CARD

FCC-02, REV.A

Abbreviations:F – Frequency (Both Fwd and Rev) FF - Forward Flow Frequency FD –Forward Flow DirectionRF – Reverse Flow Frequency RD –Reverse Flow Direction

FCC – 02 COMPONENT INFORMATION

LEDsD1 (Power) RED = power onD2 (No Flow) AMBER= zero flowD3 (Direction) GREEN= forward flow

RED = reverse flow

Fuse5 x 20 mm T500mA (½ amp slow-blow)

SW2Off – Open collector outputs; RN1 not usedOn – Grounds emitters of all outputs; used inconjunction with RN1 resistor pack to “pull-up”outputs

RN1 (Only installed for “pulse” outputs)Recommended resistor values:

860 Ω - 1.0 kΩ @ 5vdc1.5 kΩ - 2.2 kΩ @ 12vdc3.3 kΩ - 4.7 kΩ @ 24vdc

* The value of the required resistor may varydepending on the size of the flow computer’sinternal resistor.

SW1 Settings TB2 OUTPUTS

1 2 3 4 SWITCH SETTING TB2 (1+ 2-) TB2 (3+ 4-) TB2 (5+ 6-) TB2 ( 7+ 8-)

MODE OF OPERATION

0 FF RF FD RD Bi-directional mode 1 F F FD RD Uni-directional mode 2 FF FF RF RF Bi-directional custody (no FD out) 3 F F F F Quad output (no FD out) 4 FF/100 RF/100 FD RD Bi-directional (divide by 100) 5 F/100 F/100 FD RD Uni-directional (divide by 100) 6 FF/1000 RF/1000 FD RD Bi-directional (divide by 1000) 7 F/1000 F/1000 FD RD Uni-directional (divide by 1000) 8 100 Hz 100 Hz Open (off) Open (off) Test Mode (100 Hz) 9 5 kHz 5 kHz Open (off) Open (off) Test Mode (5 kHz)

+POWER

IN -

+FREQ

IN-

+DIRIN

-

+OUTPUT

1 -

+OUTPUT

2 -

+OUTPUT

3 -

+OUTPUT

4 -

>

ON

PIC

16

C7

11

-28

/F

95

3T

HO

M

POWER NO FLO DIRECTIONFREQUENCY CONTROL CARD FCC-02, REV. A, 6/99

Resistor Identification N

umber

GRN-FORRED-REV

RN

1

RN3

RN7

SW1

SW2

RN6

RN2

RN4

TB1TB2

C1C

2

C3

C4

C5

CR

1IC1

D1

IC2

D2 D3

F1INSTROMET, INC.

APPENDIX A1 – FCC INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNALS


Appendix A-1 FCC Input/Output SignalsCORRELATION GRAPHS – INPUT SIGNAL VS OUTPUT SIGNAL FOR

EACH SW1 MODE SETTING

SW1 = 0 (Mode 0) – Bi-Directional SW1 = 1 (Mode 1) – Uni-Directional

SW1 = 2 (Mode 2) – Custody Transfer SW1 = 3 (Mode 3) – Quad Output



Appendix A-1CORRELATION GRAPHS – CONTINUED

SW1 = 4 (Mode 4) – Bi-directional; Divide by 100;1.6384 mS Pulse

SW1 = 5 (Mode 5) – Uni-directional; Divide by 100;1.6384 mS Pulse

SW1 = 6 (Mode 6) – Bi-directional; Divide by1000; 29.4912 mS Pulse

SW1 = 7 (Mode 7) – Uni-directional; Divide by1000; 29.4912 mS Pulse



Appendix A-1CORRELATION GRAPHS – CONTINUED

SW1 = 8 (Mode 8) – 100 Hz Output; OUTPUT 1 andOUTPUT 2 Only(Accuracy ~ ±0.25%)

SW1 = 9 (Mode 9) – 5 kHz Output; OUTPUT 1 andOUTPUT 2 Only(Accuracy ~ ±0.25%)

APPENDIX B – SERIES III, 2 BOARD ELECTRICAL


Appendix B Series III, 2 Board ElectricalPOWER, SERIAL, DIGITAL AND ANALOG WIRING

SPU ENCLOSURE DOOR – TB1 & TB2 TERMINATION LABEL

Instromet, Inc. - Ultrasonic Metering Division12650 Directors Dr., Suite 100, Stafford, TX 77477Phone: (800) 795-7512 or (281) 491-5252 Fax (281) 491-8440

Instromet Ultrasonic Meter Terminations CAUTION! Live Electrical Circuits!

POWER TERMINALS (BLUE) TB1 9. RS 485 Serial COMs (+)1. 12~30 VDC (+) Power 10. RS 485 Serial COMs (-)2. 12~30 VDC (-) Power 11. RS-232 TX3. 12~30 VDC (+) Power (Spare) 12. RS-232 GND4. 12~30 VDC (-) Power (Spare) 13. RS-232 RXGROUND TERMINALS (YEL/GN) TB1 14. Opto output #2 (+) Partial Fail **

5. Ground (Meter body) 15. Opto output #2 (-) Partial Fail **6. Ground (Meter body) 16. Opto output #3 (+) Data Valid **

OUTPUT TERMINALS (GRAY) TB2 17. Opto output #3 (-) Data Valid **1. Freq. Control Card Output #1 (+) * OPTO OUTPUTS 2 & 32. Freq. Control Card Output #1 (-) * (TB2-14 THROUGH 17)3. Freq. Control Card Output #2 (+) * **These outputs are programmable.4. Freq. Control Card Output #2 (-) * Outputs shown are factory defaults.5. Freq. Control Card Output #3 (+) *6. Freq. Control Card Output #3 (-) * F.C.C. OUTPUTS 1-47. Freq. Control Card Output #4 (+) * (TB2-1 THROUGH 8)8. Freq. Control Card Output #4 (-) * * Depend on F.C.C. switch setting; refer

to F.C.C. documentation for detailsUse caution when working on meter to avoid Contact Instromet for further

damaging electronics. Equipment is rated information on opto outputs andsafe only while door is closed. FCC outputs

Dear Customer:

This meter was final inspected to insure the highest possible standards for quality prior toshipment. It is our goal to provide you with the best possible product, not only inoperational performance, but one that arrives at your site with zero defects. If you have anyquestions, comments or suggestions about the quality of assembly, fit, finish, packaging, orany other issue regarding this product, please contact us at the (800) 795-7512. Thankyou for ordering from Instromet, Inc.

ASSEMBLED BY: INSPECTED BY:

APPENDIX B1 – SERIES III, 2 BOARD WIRING DIAGRAM


Appendix B-1 Series III, 2 Board WiringPOWER, SERIAL, DIGITAL AND ANALOG WIRING

TB1 & TB2 WIRING SCHEMATICS

See Appendix B-4 for explanation ofNOTES2

34

6

12 – 30 VDC (+) POWER

12 – 30 VDC (- ) POWER

GROUND (METER BODY)

GROUND (METER BODY)

CUSTOMER SUPPLIED12 – 30 VDCMAX. 7 WATTS(INPUT IS ISOLATED)

TB 1

1

5

ELECTRONICS ENCLOSURE

12 – 30 VDC (+) POWER (SPARE)

12 – 30 VDC (- ) POWER (SPARE)

BLUETERMINALS

YELLOW/GREENTERMINALS

FREQ. CONTROL CARD OUTPUT #1 (+)



RS 485 SERIAL COMS (+)

RS 485 SERIAL COMS (- )

RS-232 TX

RS-232 GND

RS-232 RX

OPTO OUTPUT #2 (+) PARTIAL FAIL


TB 2

10

123456789

11121314

FREQ. CONTROL CARD OUTPUT #1 (- )





)V SUPPLY (+)

V SUPPLY (COM)

DATA VALIDTRANSISTOR “ON” WITHVALID DATA

R1

V SUPPLY (+)

V SUPPLY (COM)

) FLOW SIGNAL

R1

V SUPPLY (COM)

R1V SUPPLY (+)

) FREQUENCY OUTPUT

V SUPPLY (+)

V SUPPLY (COM)

) FLOW SIGNAL

R1

SHIELDING

DB9F - SERIAL PORTCONNECTION

151617

OPTO OUTPUT #2 (- ) PARTIAL FAIL

OPTO OUTPUT #3 (+) DATA VALID

OPTO OUTPUT #3 (- ) DATA VALID

V SUPPLY (+)

V SUPPLY (COM)

) FREQUENCY OUTPUT

NOTE #1

)V SUPPLY (+)

V SUPPLY (COM)

PARTIAL FAILTRANSISTOR “ON” WITHPARTIAL FAIL

R1

UNIFORMPROGRAM

LAPTOP/DESKTOPWORKSTATION

MODEM(OPTIONAL)

POWER PHONELINE

NO

TE #

7

R1

NOTE #1

NOTE #1

NOTE #1

UNIFORMPROGRAM


RS232 CABLE

MODEM(OPTIONAL)

POWER PHONELINE

NOTE #3

NOTE #4DB25F

T(-)

T(+) RS485/RS232CONVERTOR

NOTE #3

NOTE #1

NOTE #1

NO

TE #

8

SEE APPENDIX C FORCONVERTER DETAILS

AND CABLE CONNECTORPIN OUT DIAGRAMS

APPENDIX B2 – SERIES III, 3 BOARD ELECTRICAL


Appendix B-2 Series III, 3 Board ElectricalPOWER, SERIAL, DIGITAL AND ANALOG WIRING

SPU ENCLOSURE DOOR – TB1 & TB2 TERMINATION LABEL

Instromet, Inc. - Ultrasonic Metering Division12650 Directors Dr., Suite 100, Stafford, TX 77477Phone: (800) 795-7512 or (281) 491-5252 Fax (281) 491-8440

Instromet Ultrasonic Meter Terminations CAUTION! Live Electrical Circuits!

POWER TERMINALS (BLUE) TB1 TB 2 TERMINALS1. 12~30 VDC (+) Power Input 1. Freq. Control Card Output #1 (+) *2. 12~30 VDC (-) Power Input 2. Freq. Control Card Output #1 (-) *3. 12~30 VDC (+) Power (Spare) 3. Freq. Control Card Output #2 (+) *4. 12~30 VDC (-) Power (Spare) 4. Freq. Control Card Output #2 (-) *GROUND TERMINALS (YEL/GN) TB1 5. Freq. Control Card Output #3 (+) *

Ground (Meter body) 6. Freq. Control Card Output #3 (-) *Ground (Meter body) 7. Freq. Control Card Output #4 (+) *

ANALOG TERMINALS (BLUE) TB1 8. Freq. Control Card Output #4 (-) *5. Analog (4-20 mA) Output (+) 9. RS 485 Serial COMs (+)6. Analog (4-20 mA) Output (-) * 10. RS 485 Serial COMs (-)7. Pressure (4-20 mA) Input (+) 11. Data Valid Output (+)8. Pressure (4-20 mA) Input (-) * 12. Data Valid Output (-)9. Temperature (4-20 mA) Input (+)10. Temperature (4-20 mA) Input (-) * F.C.C. OUTPUTS 1-4

(TB2-1 THROUGH 8)* NOTE: TB1-6, 8, & 10 are internally * Depend on F.C.C. switch setting; refer connected (non-isolated). to F.C.C. documentation for details

Use caution when working on meter to avoid Contact Instromet for furtherdamaging electronics. Equipment is rated information on opto outputs and

safe only while door is closed. FCC outputsDear Customer:

This meter was final inspected to insure the highest possible standards for quality prior toshipment. It is our goal to provide you with the best possible product, not only inoperational performance, but one that arrives at your site with zero defects. If you have anyquestions, comments or suggestions about the quality of assembly, fit, finish, packaging, orany other issue regarding this product, please contact us at the (800) 795-7512. Thankyou for ordering from Instromet, Inc.

ASSEMBLED BY: INSPECTED BY:

APPENDIX B3 – SERIES III, 3 BOARD WIRING DIAGRAM


Appendix B-3 Series III, 3 Board WiringPOWER, SERIAL, DIGITAL AND ANALOG WIRING

TB1 & TB2 WIRING SCHEMATICS

See Appendix B-4 for explanation ofNOTES




RS 485 SERIAL COMS (+)

RS 485 SERIAL COMS (- )


TB 2

10

123456789

1112






)V SUPPLY (+)

V SUPPLY (COM)

DATA VALIDTRANSISTOR “ON” WITHVALID DATA

R1

V SUPPLY (+)

V SUPPLY (COM)

) FLOW SIGNAL

R1

V SUPPLY (COM)

R1V SUPPLY (+)

) FREQUENCY OUTPUT

V SUPPLY (+)

V SUPPLY (COM)

) FLOW SIGNAL

R1

SHIELDING

DB9F - SERIAL PORTCONNECTION

DATA VALID OUTPUT (+)

DATA VALID OUTPUT (- )

V SUPPLY (+)

V SUPPLY (COM)

) FREQUENCY OUTPUT

NOTE #1

NO

TE #

7

R1

NOTE #1

NOTE #1

NOTE #1

UNIFORMPROGRAM


RS232 CABLE

MODEM(OPTIONAL)

POWER PHONELINE

NOTE #3

NOTE #4DB25F

T(-)

T(+) RS485/RS232CONVERTOR

NOTE #3

NOTE #1

NO

TE #

8

SEE APPENDIX C FORCONVERTER DETAILS

AND CABLE CONNECTORPIN OUT DIAGRAMS

234

12 – 30 VDC (+) POWER INPUT

12 – 30 VDC (- ) POWER INPUT

GROUND (METER BODY)

GROUND (METER BODY)

1

12 – 30 VDC (+) POWER (SPARE)

12 – 30 VDC (- ) POWER (SPARE)

56789

10

ANALOG (4-20 mA) OUTPUT (+)

ANALOG (4-20 mA) OUTPUT (- )

PRESSURE (4-20 mA) INPUT (+)

PRESSURE (4-20 mA) INPUT (- )

TEMPERATURE (4-20 mA) INPUT (+)

TEMPERATURE (4-20 mA) INPUT (- )

CUSTOMER SUPPLIED12 – 30 VDCMAX. 7 WATTS(INPUT IS ISOLATED)

LOAD ≤ 250 OHM

LOAD ≤ 250 OHM

ANALOG OUTPUT

R LOADMAX. 400 OHM

- +P

24V

-

+

+

NOTES #2, #5 & #6

T- +

TRANSDUCERSUPPLY


TB1

BLUETERMINALS

YELLOW/GREENTERMINALS

BLUETERMINALS

APPENDIX B4 – NOTES ON ELECTRICAL


Appendix B-4 Notes on ElectricalPOWER, SERIAL, DIGITAL AND ANALOG WIRING DIAGRAM

NOTES RELATED TO TB1 & TB2 WIRING SCHEMATICS

1. OPEN COLLECTOR OPTOCOUPLER OUTPUTS: FREQUENCY, FLOW SIGNAL (FREQUENCY OR DIRECTION),PARTIAL FAILURE AND DATA VALID OUTPUTS MUST BE LIMITED TO A MAXIMUM CURRENT OF 60 mA WITH AMINIMUM OF 5 mA AND MAXIMUM VOLTAGE OF 50 VDC. R1 = V SUPPLY * 100 (ie. 2400 OHMS @ 24 VDC).

2. P & T INPUTS ARE ONLY REQUIRED IF ONE OR MORE OUTPUTS WILL BE SCALED FOR CORRECTED FLOW(SCFH). IF OUTPUTS ARE SCALED BASED ON VELOCITY (FT/SEC) OR UNCORRECTED FLOW (ACFH), P & TMAY BE OMITTED.

3. TELEBYTE CONVERTER: SET DTE/DCE SWITCH ON CONVERTER TO “DCE” WHEN CONNECTED TO A PC; SETTO “DTE” WHEN CONNECTED TO A MODEM. DIP SWITCH SETTINGS: 1 & 4 = CLOSED, 2, 3 & 5 = OPEN. SEEAPPENDIX C.

4. RS485 WIRES MUST BE TWISTED AND SHIELDED.

5. PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTERS AND DC SOURCE(S) ARE NOT SUPPLIED BY INSTROMET.

6. THE COMMON (-) FOR THE PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE INPUTS AND ANALOG OUTPUT ARE NOTISOLATED FROM EACH OTHER.

7. THE OUTPUTS FROM TERMINALS 1 THROUGH 8 WILL BE PREDICATED BY THE SWITCH (SW1) SETTING ONTHE FREQUENCY CONTROL CARD (FCC-02, REV.A). SEE APPENDIX A. UNLESS SPECIFIED OTHERWISE BYTHE USER, THE FACTORY DEFAULT SETTING FOR THE SWITCH IS “0”.

IF FREQ. CONTROL CARD OUTPUT #3 (TERMINALS 5 & 6) ARE SET FOR FLOW DIRECTION OUTPUT, THENTHE TRANSISTOR WILL BE “ON” WITH FORWARD FLOWIF FREQ. CONTROL CARD OUTPUT #4 (TERMINALS 7 & 8) ARE SET FOR FLOW DIRECTION OUTPUT, THENTHE TRANSISTOR WILL BE “ON” WITH REVERSE FLOW

8. IF THE SPU IS A 2-BOARD SERIES III, THE UTILIZATION OF EITHER THE RS 485 OR RS 232 SERIAL OUTPUTS ISAT THE DISCRETION OF THE USER. FOR MOST INSTALLATIONS, THE SIMPLE 3-WIRE RS 232 SIGNAL WILLMEET ALL USER REQUIREMENTS. IF THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE METER AND THE END DEVICE ISEXCEEDINGLY LONG, OR ONLY SHIELDED 1-PAIR WIRE IS AVAILABLE, THE RS 485 SIGNAL SHOULD BE USED.USING THE RS 485 OUTPUT WILL NECESSITATE THE INSTALLATION OF AN RS 485 TO RS 232 CONVERTER.SEE APPENDIX C FOR CONVERTER DETAILS AND CABLE CONNECTOR PIN OUT DIAGRAMS.

APPENDIX C – SERIAL DEVICE SET-UP AND CABLE PIN OUT


Appendix C Converter Cable Pin OutsSERIAL DEVICE SET-UP AND CABLE PIN OUT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

DB25 - F

Pin Out Diagram: RS 232 Signal Cable from RS 485/232 Converter

DB9 - F

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9

DB9 - Female DB25 2

3

5

2

3

7

DETAIL A

DB9 - F

12345

6789

11

12

13

RS 232 TX

RS 232 GND

RS 232 RX

2

3

5

Pin Out Diagram: RS 232 Signal Cable from SPUDETAIL B

G

R+

R-

T-

T+

12

34

5

OPE

N

T+ TO TB 2 - 9T- TO TB 2 - 10

TOULTRASONICMETER SPU

ROCKER SWITCHSETTINGS

INPUT 120 VACOUTPUT 9 VAC

TO COMPUTER’S SERIAL PORT

DTE

DCE

TD

RD

TELEBYTE

CONVERTER

SEE DETAIL ABELOW FORDB25TO DB9

CABLE PIN OUT

NOTE; THIS UNIT IS REQUIRED TO RUN THE UNIFORM SOFTWARE FROM THE RS 485 SERIAL OUTPUT

APPENDIX D – TYPICAL Q.SONIC ELECTRONICS CONFIGURATION


Appendix D Parameter Set-upTYPICAL Q.SONIC® Series III ELECTRONICS CONFIGURATION

(PAGE 1 OF 2)************************************** Ultrasonic Flow Meter ** Measured Data Log ** (UNIFORM 1.41b2.0) ** --------------------------------- ** Instromet Ultrasonic Technologies **************************************

UNIFORM Settings:================ InstrumentType: 24 > 'Q.Sonic-5 Series-III QL Meter (s/a SPU)' COM settings: UNIFORM point-to-point 4800,N,8,1

Parameter Set-up:================

PROSON-II Configuration: Instrument Type: 24 > 'Q.Sonic-5 Series-III QL Meter (s/a SPU)' Parameter 1: 0x8002 Parameter 2: 0xA0 Parameter 3: 0x0064 Parameter 4: 0x07 Parameter 5: 0x225D

Module Information: Serial Number: 1270 SW Version: V5.02 Id String: 901-42-05F017

Spool Piece Parameters: Diameter: 11.374 in. L1: Path Length: 26.319 in. Beam Angle: 60.08 degrees L2: Path Length: 34.134 in. Beam Angle: 60.00 degrees L3: Path Length: 26.323 in. Beam Angle: 59.96 degrees L4: Path Length: 34.055 in. Beam Angle: 60.12 degrees L5: Path Length: 26.335 in. Beam Angle: 59.95 degrees

V-Module Parameters: Application-specific Parameters: V.o.S. Range: Lower Limit: 1000.00 ft/s Upper Limit: 1600.00 ft/s

APPENDIX D – TYPICAL Q.SONIC ELECTRONICS CONFIGURATION


Appendix DTYPICAL Q.SONIC® SERIES III ELECTRONICS CONFIGURATION

(PAGE 2 OF 2)

Gas Velocity Range: Lower Limit: -129.99 ft/s Upper Limit: 129.99 ft/s Device-specific Parameters: Sample Rate: 15 Hz Timing Constant: 710 Timing Constant 2: 0 Timing Constant 3: 0 Pulse Length: 62

Profile Correction Parameters: Density: 2.934 lb/cu.ft Dynamic Viscosity: 1.30e-002 cp. Profile Correction Coefficients: Axial Path(s): p1: 2940.0000 p2: 12.0000 p3: 0.7500 p4: 1.0000 p5: 0.2500 p6: -0.8745 Swirl Paths: p1: 2407.0000 p2: 65.0000 p3: 1.0037 p4: 0.9966 p5: 0.0097 p6: -3.1670

Calibration Parameters: Coefficients: c1 c2 c3 c4 S=1: 0.1604 0.8503 0.0300 0.0000 S=2: 0.0300 0.0200 0.0500 0.0000 S=3: 0.0500 0.0060 0.0000 0.0000 S=4: 0.0300 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 S=5: 0.0000 1.0071 0.0000 0.0000 S=6: 1.0060 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Forward Adjust Factor: 0.9990Reverse Adjust Factor: 1.0000

Low Pass Filter: Off

Low Flow Cut-off: Off

Frequency Output: Vol.Flow (Line Cond.) Vol.Flow (Line Cond.) Range: Lower Limit: 0.0 CFH Upper Limit: 360000.0 CFH Frequency Range: Lower Limit: 0.0 Hz Upper Limit: 5000.0 Hz Error Frequency: 6000.0 Hz Meter Factor: 50.0000 impulses/CF

APPENDIX E – MODBUS REGISTER LISTING


Appendix E Modbus Register ListingThe Modbus register address format for the Instromet meter is: nxxx

Where: n = any integer less than 10 (i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3 … ...9)xxx = a number between 000 and 999 with data types grouped as follows:

Short word registers

Register Measured value Register Measured valuen000 Instrument type n021 AGC Limit Transducer 1Bn001 Number of paths n022 AGC Limit Transducer 2An002 Measurement interval Sequence num, 'Low Order' n023 AGC Limit Transducer 2Bn003 Measurement interval Sequence num, 'High Order' n024 AGC Limit Transducer 3An004 Sample Rate n025 AGC Limit Transducer 3Bn005 Valid samples L1 n026 AGC Limit Transducer 4An006 Valid samples L2 n027 AGC Limit Transducer 4Bn007 Valid samples L3 n028 AGC Limit Transducer 5An008 Valid samples L4 n029 AGC Limit Transducer 5Bn009 Valid samples L5 n030 Diagnostic Bits L1n010 AGC Level Transducer 1A n031 Diagnostic Bits L2n011 AGC Level Transducer 1B n032 Diagnostic Bits L3n012 AGC Level Transducer 2A n033 Diagnostic Bits L4n013 AGC Level Transducer 2B n034 Diagnostic Bits L5n014 AGC Level Transducer 3A n035 Operating Status of V-Modulen015 AGC Level Transducer 3B n036 Operating Status of C-Modulen016 AGC Level Transducer 4A n037 Reserved for firmware ROM checksumn017 AGC Level Transducer 4B n038 Reserved for parameter set-up checksumn018 AGC Level Transducer 5A n039 Mode of operationn019 AGC Level Transducer 5B n040 -n199 Undefined (returns 0)n020 AGC Limit Transducer 1A

Long word registers

Register Measured valuen200 Measurement interval sequence numbern201 Reserved: Accumulated actual volume foreward (8 digit counter)n202 Reserved: Accumulated actual volume reverse (8 digit counter)n203 Reserved: Accumulated actual error volume foreward (8 digit counter)n204 Reserved: Accumulated actual error volume reverse (8 digit counter)

n205-n399 Undefined (returns 0)

Floating point registers

Register Measured value Register Measured valuen400 Average speed of sound n411 Gas velocity L1n401 Average gas velocity n412 Gas velocity L2n402 Absolute pressure n413 Gas velocity L3n403 Absolute temperature n414 Gas velocity L4n404 Flow rate at line conditions n415 Gas velocity L5n405 Flow rate at base conditions n416 Reserved: Accumulated actual volume foreward (7 digit counter)n406 Speed of sound L1 n417 Reserved: Accumulated actual volume reverse (7 digit counter)n407 Speed of sound L2 n418 Reserved: Accumulated actual error volume foreward (7 digit counter)n408 Speed of sound L3 n419 Reserved: Accumulated actual error volume reverse (7 digit counter)n409 Speed of sound L4 n420 Reservedn410 Speed of sound L5 n421-n599 Undefined (returns 0)

APPENDIX F – ULTRASONIC GAS FLOW METER INSPECTION FORM


Appendix F Example Inspection FormULTRASONIC GAS FLOW METER INSPECTION FORM

Q.SONIC GAS FLOW METER CHECK FORM

Metering station / locationMeter tag number / run / streamMeter serial numberDateTimeOperating (gas) pressureOperating (gas) temperatureGas composition (date / time / reference todocument / stating analysis results)Gas flow rate (measured value)Gas flow rate (reference value, eventuallyzero)Speed of sound (observed by ultrasonic gasflow meter)Speed of sound (theoretical calculatedvalue)

PERFORMANCEPath 1 Path 2 Path 3 Path 4 Path 5

AGC-level1A 1B 2A 2B 3A 3B 4A 4B 5A 5B

AGC-limit1A 1B 2A 2B 3A 3B 4A 4B 5A 5B

Log file name / identification

Technician Name_________________________________

APPENDIX G – GENERAL OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES


Appendix G Basic Parameter Criteria

OperatingParameter Normal Possible Problem Comments

Sample Rate 15 ± 1 <14 Default setting is 15. Although thesample rate may be set at a highervalue, the actual frequencyattainable may be limited by linesize.

Performance >90% @ zeroflow

>70% flowing

Consistently <50% Random readings < 50% areacceptable.‘Data Valid’ alarm triggered at20%Consistent with historical values*

AGC Level AGC Limit toLevel ratio >2

AGC Limit to Levelratio <2

ORSignificant shift in

ratio

Typically AGC Limit is in therange of 10 times the AGC Level.Although meter will function atthe lower AGC Limit to AGCLevel ratios, a significant shift(50%) from historical valuesindicates a problem.

AGC Limit ~65,025 Consistently <40,000 Potential sources for reduced AGC Limit:Electrical noise or looseconnections; Control valve noise;very high velocities.

VOS Within ± 5 ft/secof independentlycalculated VOS

Greater than ± 5 ft/secof independentlycalculated VOS

To verify the VOS calculated bythe meter, care should be taken toensure that the sample, pressure,and temperature are trulyrepresentative of what the metersaw.

* Consistent with historical values means values which were captured on prior logs and were taken duringsimilar operating conditions (i.e. gas velocity, temperature, pressure, and composition)

GLOSSARY


Glossary

Automatic Gain Control (AGC) The ultrasonic pulses employed by theultrasonic meter are attenuated as they travel from the transmittingtransducer to the receiving transducer. The attenuation depends on thedistance between the transducers, gas density, absorption, etc. Thereceived signals must be amplified in order to present the time-of-arrivaldetector with suitable signal levels. The electronics measures thestrength of the received signals, and adjusts the amplificationautomatically.

C-Module A microprocessor controlled electronic (sub-system), which is anintegral part of Series II SPU. The C-Module performs signalprocessing, communication and (other) interface tasks. In the Series IIIelectronics (SPU) this board is optional and only required if the userrequires a volume correction (Necessitates pressure and temperatureinputs) or requires an analog signal output from the meter.

Current Output This is the ultrasonic meter’s analog (0/4-20 mA) output.This output is programmable with respect to:♦ measured value,♦ range of the measured value, and♦ output current range.

Data Valid Output This is an open-collector digital output signalling themeter’s (in-)ability to measure flow. The output has low impedance ifthe flow measurement is OK, and high impedance if the ultrasonic metercannot measure flow.

Flow Direction Output This is an open-collector digital output signalling thedirection of the measured flow. The output has low (high) impedance atforward (reverse) flow.

Frequency Output This is the meter’s open-collector impulse output. Thisoutput is programmable with respect to:♦ measured value,♦ range of the measured value, and♦ output frequency range.

Fuse Module One of the SPU’s printed circuit boards. The Fuse Modulecontains protective components to comply with explosion safetyregulations.

GLOSSARY


Half-duplex A type of information exchange strategy between twocommunicating devices whereby information (data) may be exchanged inboth directions alternately.Note: In a full-duplex system data may be exchanged in both directionssimultaneously.

Mode of Operation The Mode of Operation determines the flow meter’sfunctional characteristics. Examples are Normal Mode (in which themeter operates as a flow meter) and Programming Mode (in which themeter can be programmed for its’ flow meter task).

Non-volatile memory This is a kind of computer memory that retains itsinformation even with the power turned off. The ultrasonic meter usesthis kind of memory to store its parameter set-up.

Normal Mode This is the mode of operation in which the meter performs its‘normal’ task: flow measurement.

Parameter Set-up The ultrasonic meter’s operation is controlled by aprogrammable set of parameters, for example spool piece geometry, lowlevel measurement control, input/output scaling, etc. which are stored inthe SPU’s non-volatile memory. The complete set of parameters iscalled the parameter set-up.

Partial Failure Output This is an open-collector digital output signalling theoperational failure of one or more paths. The output has a lowimpedance if all paths are operational, and high impedance if one ormore paths are not operational. Operational means > 20% of the pulsesare accepted.

Programming Mode A dedicated mode of operation, in which the meter doesNOT perform its ‘normal’ task (flow measurement), but is ready for (re-)programming of its parameter set-up, input calibration, and variousfunctional (hardware) tests.

PROSON One of the V-Module’s printed circuit boards. The PROSON is amicroprocessor system. It controls the measurement process, andperforms low-level signal processing. In Series III electronics this boardhas the capability of communication with external Instrumentation suchas flow computers or RTU etc.

PROTRAN One of the V-Module’s printed circuit boards. The PROTRANinterfaces the ultrasonic transducers, and contains the analog circuitry forsignal conditioning.

RS-232C Standards laid down by the American Electrical IndustriesAssociation for interfacing a digital device to a (PTT-supplied) modem.RS-232C is also used as an interface standard for connecting a peripheraldevice, such as a visual display unit or a serial printer, to a computer.

GLOSSARY


RS-485 Interface standard for serial communication with larger range, higherspeed and improved noise immunity with respect to RS-232C. Suitablefor multi-point communication.

RS-485/RS-232 Converter Device for connecting equipment with an RS-485serial interface to equipment with an RS-232C interface. The converterperforms the conversion between the electrical signals.

RS-485 Output This is the serial interface used by Instromet ultrasonicmeters.

Service Mode (High/Low Level) Dedicated mode(s) of operation, reservedfor manufacturing purposes and servicing by authorised personnel. Notrecommended for regular operation of the ultrasonic meter.

Signal Processing Unit (SPU) A part of Instromet’s ultrasonic flow meters:an explosion proof housing, containing the flow meter's control andsignal processing circuits. The SPU is mounted on (or close to) the spoolpiece.

Transducer The ultrasonic signals required for the flow measurement aregenerated and received by transducers. Piezoelectric transducers employcrystals or ceramics which are set into vibration when an alternatingvoltage is applied to the piezoelectric element. The vibrating elementgenerates sound waves in the fluid. Since the piezoelectric effect isreversible, the element will become electrically polarised and producevoltages related to the mechanical strain, when the crystal is distorted bythe action of incident sound waves.

Because the acoustic impedance of the gas is much smaller than that ofthe piezoelectric element, to maximise the acoustic efficiency a matchinglayer is employed between the fluid and the piezoelectric element.

Twisted pair A type of transmission medium consisting of two insulatedwires twisted together to improve its immunity to interference from other(stray) electrical signals that may otherwise corrupt the signal beingtransmitted.

UNIFORM Quasi-acronym: UltrasoNIc Flow meter cOnfiguRation andMonitoring software. The UNIFORM software is a PC-based tool to set-up and monitor Instromet’s ultrasonic flow meters.

V-Module A microprocessor-controlled electronic (sub-system), which is partof the SPU. The V-Module interfaces the ultrasonic transducers, andcontrols the measurement process. Low-level signal processing isanother task of the V-Module. In Series II electronics, and Series III 3board electronics, measured data are forwarded to the C-Module forfurther processing and interfacing to the ‘real’ world.

Q.Sonic User's Manual Rev F2

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Transcript of Q.Sonic User's Manual Rev F2