QoS Challenges and Solutions

GUARANTEE OF SERVICE FOR REAL-TIME NETWORKSWWW.GOSNETWORKS.COM

July 2010

Products and Solutions Overview

1


GoS Networks Ownership and History

• GoS Networks is a private company owned by Dermot Desmond’s IIU Investments and Padraig Harrington

• GoS Networks is extremely well funded and very secure• GoS Networks was formed from the legacy of U4EA, a company

with 9 years experience in high-tech software and hardware solutions, including QoS, IADs, MSBGs, Wireless LAN Controllers and Access Points and linux-based signalling software solutions

• GoS Networks Senior Management, many of whom are former Senior Managers in Ericsson and company Directors, has over 20 years experience working together in high tech embedded communications

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GoS Networks

Provides innovative software & reference solutions to enable the delivery of advanced IP services

• Guarantee of Service (GoS): provides unparalleled QoS for multiple real-time applications

• GoS Gateway Platform: a SoHo / SMB gateway software package that delivers all key features into one complete solution

• Wireless LAN Controller (WLC): platform enabling the delivery of a complete enterprise class WiFi network

• Fusion 1000: Carrier class signalling gateway for connecting legacy ISDN equipment to Next Generation Networks

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Guarantee of Service

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Guarantee of Service (GoS)

• Different traffic management mechanisms have been in use for more than 30 years

• Older mechanisms were not designed with more than one type of service in mind

• GoS Networks went back to first principles – Analysed the problem mathematically

• Used these insights to develop a new mechanism– A queuing/scheduling system designed for multiple real-time services– Provides independent control over loss and delay– Designed to operate at any contention point

• We call it ‘Guarantee of Service’ – GoS

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Achieving Quality: First principles

• Network resources are limited• Packets Streams must compete for:

– Outgoing bandwidth• Otherwise the throughput of the packet stream is limited

– Places in the buffers• Otherwise there is packet loss

– Service (being selected for transmission)• Otherwise there is delay

• These ‘competitions’ are not independent• Fixing each one creates a relationship between the other 2

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Therefore• QoS is a system with two degrees of freedom• A single-parameter QoS system is almost impossible to

configure, and even harder to maintain

GoS is a multi-service QoS mechanism • It manages the whole system, not just single parameters• Independent yet simultaneous control of throughput, loss and

delay• Underlying mathematical model ensure predictable

performance Every application gets the quality it needs

QoS principles and GoS

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Guarantee of Service “GoS”

• The most advanced QoS solution available– QoE for multiple revenue-generating real-time & non-real-time services

• The right applications get the right QoS at the right time (automatically)– Even during maximum congestion– Independent control over loss and delay

• Automatic customer configurations– Dynamic re-configuration based on session setup/teardown

• Efficient– Fills the link 100% while guaranteeing 90% for quality traffic– Meet QoS requirements without need to overprovision or reserve bandwidth

• Control network congestion from source• Deliver real-time statistics for monitoring and diagnostics

– QoS and Bandwidth Usage

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Real Multi-service QoS

• GoS provides multiple real-time classes– Other mechanisms only have one– Not enough for triple-play and Unified Communications

• And delivers predictable differentiated quality

Delay

Time


Growth of Multiple Apps & Services

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• Multiple revenue-generating services and applications

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Congestion Point

Down one Pipe

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Effective and efficient QoS is essential to protect critical and real-time application traffic at congestion points















GoS Assures Real-time Apps

DelayLo

ss

Best Effort

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Queue (WRED settings)Token bucket (depth, rate)

Queue (WRED settings)

Token bucket (depth, rate)



Queue (WRED settings)Queue (WRED settings)

Queue (WRED settings) Scheduler weights

(W1, … Wn)

Prioritization in terms of real-world concepts– Low-level configuration generated automatically

No ‘buffer length voodoo’!

?

GoS ease-of-use


No wastage

• GoS fills the link to 100%– Applications’ QoS requirements can be met without having to

overprovision or reserve bandwidth– 90% can be used for traffic with controlled loss and delay

• Quality traffic has dedicated bandwidth which is always available– Reusable by Best Effort whenever not being used

• Other solutions fail to fill the link while providing QoS– “You should only fill your link to 30% for priority traffic” …

(typical Cisco recommendation)


Making broadband applications work

Maximum theoretical delays (in ms) for critical traffic

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10

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VoIP IPTV

GoS DiffServ/LLQ

Downlink: 2Mbps

In a typical broadband scenario multiple applications require low delay

Uplink: 256Kbps

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100

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400

500

600

700

VoIP Gaming

GoS DiffServ/LLQ


Making broadband applications work

GoS DiffServ/LLQ

Sample of actual delay (in ms) for a video call in the same broadband scenario

GoS delay is predictable and consistently low

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Automatic QoS

• VoiceQoS– Simplify configuration for converged voice+data scenarios

• Dynamic QoS configuration– System reconfigures itself whenever a call starts or ends– QoS settings automatically derived from VoIP call signalling– Remove the need for users to know about bandwidth, loss,

delay, codecs, protocols etc.• Quality driven admission control

– Only accept a new call if it won’t break commitments on other calls and data traffic

– Ensure that emergency calls succeed

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Unique features of GoS

• Multi-service– Multiple real-time/critical traffic classes– Independent control over loss & delay

• Predictable– Consistent performance under all traffic loads– No need for time-consuming simulations or expensive tests

• Easy to use– Low-level configuration generated automatically

• Efficient– Fully fills the link while guaranteeing 90% for quality traffic

• Simple– Interoperable with standards (e.g. DiffServ) and network functions


GoS Software

Operating System

Abstraction Layer

Bidirectional Datapath

Datapath Configuration Stats Library

XML Files VoiceQoS

QoS Monitor

Loss and Delay

Calculator

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Benefits of GoS

• Reliable QoS for premium and real-time applications– Differential treatment to meet application requirements– Delivery of end-to-end QoE over variable networks

• Efficient use of resources– Network can be right-sized for application needs– ‘Undesirable’ traffic automatically moved aside in favour of premium

services

• Monitoring traffic streams– Ensure premium services are getting appropriate treatment

• Flexible support of service offers– Prioritize traffic to in-house and partner servers– Vary QoS per subscriber– Bandwidth and QoS profiles

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Embeddable GoS

• Clean modular architecture– Developed specifically to allow easy integration– Easy to port

• Mostly platform independent• Already ported to several OS• Comprehensive developer documentation

• Core image size: approx 900 KB• Program size: < 100 KB

– ~25000 lines of ANSI C

• Management system (MSX): approx 500 KB– ~21000 lines of ANSI C

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Embeddable GoS Features

In addition to its unique QoS data handling GoS offers the following features:• Multi-link support• Multiple link failover management• Multi-group of similar users• Optional level 2 to 4 classification including ToS/DSCP• Support for user interfaces (GUI, CLI, web)• Monitoring and statistics• DiffServ compliance

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GoS Framework - an introduction

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GoS Framework Product

• A complete system in 2 parts:1. GoS Manager 2. GoS Agent

• Monitoring, Measurement and Enforcement on any device– A QoE Software solution

• Real-time 360° visibility – LAN & WAN– Applications– Bandwidth usage– QoS (Guarantee of Service – GoS)– Link rate

• Scalable and secure• Compatible with existing network infrastructure• Dynamic re-configuration

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Deployment

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Network

Network Collector

GoS-Enabled Device

Service Provider NMS

Link ProbeApplication Awareness

LAN Connectivity

LAN systems / computers

Alarming & Reporting

Monitoring & Configuration

QoS Enforcement (GoS)GoS Agent

GoS Manager


GoS Manager

• Northbound interface to NMS (standards-based)• Secure authentication to Agent• Monitoring of network traffic

– Real-time and historic/trend

• Reporting• Alarms • Graphical and Statistical Analysis• Intelligent reconfiguration of GoS

– Based on current link and application utilisation

• Database of devices/accounts• Redundant and carrier-grade architecture• Fully scalable

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Internet

GoS Manager

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Secure GoS Agent Interface

SQL DatabaseConfiguration& Monitoring

Database Manager

Web Services API

ConfigurationGUI

Monitoring GUI

Web UI Portal

NMS/OSS

GoS Enabled Devices

GoS Agents

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GoS Agent

• Portable onto any device• Passive monitoring of all traffic passing to the WAN• 4 key modules:

1. Link Probe– Measures link speed, usage and quality

2. Application Awareness– Auto-sensing of actual application usage (layer 7)– Deep Packet Inspection

3. LAN Connectivity– Discover and monitor LAN-side devices– Service demarcation and Diagnostics

4. QoS Enforcement– Guarantee of Service (GoS)

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Solution

• Monitor– QoS and Bandwidth Usage– Reporting and Alarming– WAN link rate– LAN connectivity & diagnostics– Applications– Real-time and passive

• Measure / Manage– Diagnostics for fault resolution– SLA management– Plug and play QoS configuration with dynamic updates

• Enforce– Multiple real-time/critical traffic classes– Independent control over loss & delay– Improved efficiency (reduce overprovision or reserved bandwidth)– Reduce network congestion


Value

• Guaranteed performance of multiple services• End to End monitoring (360° visibility)• Improved remote diagnostics (LAN to WAN)

– Service demarcation solution• Rapidly create different business models & packages• Control congestion at source

– Throttle unwanted traffic– Prioritise premium and real-time traffic

• More efficient and predictable network planning– Increased revenue-generating services on same connection– On-demand QoS

• Guarantee QoS Media and Subscriber priorities • Portable across all devices (common view)

– Fixed access, 3G dongles, wireless devices etc.


GoS Gateway Stack

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GoS Gateway Features and Functionality

Small Office VoIP Gateway with SIP & VPN• Zero Set-up / TR-069 provisioning

– Including Motive• IP Telephony

– SIP UA for FXS ports– Codecs: G.711, G.729ab, G.726

• Call Monitoring – VQMon• QoS: GoS and VoiceQoS• Stateful firewall with ALGs for FTP, H.323 etc• UI Customizability• Transparent SIP Proxy• SIP phones in Centrex – up to 20 SIP phones, 8 concurrent calls• VPN with SIP• Addition of IPBX• VLANs• Portable to customer-specific hardware

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GoS Gateway Software

Device Platform

Operating System

Network Interfaces and QoS

Ethernet DSL Wireless

GoS (9 real-time classes) VoiceQoS (VoIP/Video awareness)

VoIP

SIP Proxy

SIP UA

VQM

FXS/FXO

Security

NAT / ALGs VPNFirewall

Services

DHCP

Database

Virtual Servers

UPnP

Element Management and Monitoring

Web UI (HTTPS) CLI (Console, SSH) TR-069

Stats / Logging Alarms / Diags TCPdump

QoS Monitor

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How GoS Technology Works

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Fundamental GoS

The CU Mux uniquely controlsloss and delay simultaneously

during multiplexing

Streams are separately policed and randomly

shaped prior to multiplexing

Delay priority 1

Delay priority 2

Delay priority 3

Delay priority 4

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CU Mux


Fundamental GoS - input

Packet input/classification/tokenization:• Create a representation of the packet and store it (if necessary)• Identify the packet (using a tag or classifier)• Create a token for this packet (patented re-ordering prevention)

Delay priority 1

Delay priority 2

Delay priority 3

Delay priority 4

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Fundamental GoS - policing

Police each stream to a configured rate• Single or dual-rate• No delay is introduced• Unique and flexible method

Delay priority 1

Delay priority 2

Delay priority 3

Delay priority 4

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Fundamental GoS - shaping

Shaping• Introduce a small amount of random spacing into the streams• Influence TCP streams by lengthening RTT• Enables CU Mux predictability and fairness• Patented method

Delay priority 1

Delay priority 2

Delay priority 3

Delay priority 4

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Fundamental GoS - muxing

CU Mux/Detokenization:• Stable and fair multiplexing • Limit the rate of the outgoing stream to prevent downstream contention• Reconnect tokens with packets (without re-ordering)

Delay priority 1

Delay priority 2

Delay priority 3

Delay priority 4

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CU MuxIde

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amAdmission dependssolely on loss priority

Servicing depends solely on delay priority – strict priority queuing

Unique simultaneous and independent management of loss and

delay!


CU Mux admission

Standard:per-queue thresholds

• Unlike standard (CB)WFQ, packets are admitted depending on the total occupancy of all the queues – This is the key to managing loss and

delay simultaneously but independently

• Packets with higher loss priorities have access to more buffers

• Thresholds are configured automatically

CU Mux: total occupancy


• Even spacing on main road - either– Every gap is big enough –

no queue– Or no gap is big enough –

infinite queue

• Random spacing on main road– A big enough gap always

comes eventually– Length of queue depends

on main road rate

The multiplexing delays are bounded and predictable because the packets are randomly spaced

Random shaping

QoS Challenges and Solutions

Technology

Transcript of QoS Challenges and Solutions