PWM Inverter and Motor Applications_ a Quick Reference of Bibliographies and Abstracts - Industry...

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, VOL. 34, NO. 1, JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1998 217

PWM Inverter and Motor Applications: A Quick

Reference of Bibliographies and AbstractsAustin H. Bonnett, Fellow, IEEE , and Duncan J. Rhodes, Associate Member, IEEE

Index TermsInvertermotor systems, motorinverter systems,

PWM inverters.

INTRODUCTION

THE purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with a

quick reference to some of the more recently published

technical papers dealing with the application of pulsewidth

modulated (PWM) invertermotor systems. It should be

pointed out that the system includes all components between

the incoming 60-Hz power supply and the driven equipment.

There are literally hundreds of technical papers to choose

from in preparing such a reference. The authors have selected

the more recent publications. The technology associated with

the newer PWM drives is changing so fast that many of the

papers published from five to ten years ago may be effectively

obsolete.

No attempt has been made to evaluate the technical merits

of each work, nor do we claim that the reference is even close

to being all-inclusive. However, it is a start, and should help

the reader in addressing some of the key issues that must be

dealt with to assure a successful implementation.

These papers are categorized as follows:

1) motor/drive system application issues;

2) reflected wave, and lead length issues;3) motor issues.

If enough interest exists, the authors are willing to post

and maintain a semipermanent category on the IEEE home

Web page. We would invite all reader comments and copies

of any articles proposed to be included, as well as suggestions

for pertinent categories. This would create a semipermanent

compendium of articles on this subject.

T ITLE SECTION 1

Motor/Drive System Application Issues

1) Power Electronics and Variable-Frequency Drives

1997.

Paper PID 9721, presented at the 1997 IEEE Pulp and Paper Industry

Conference, Cincinnati, OH, June 1620, and ap proved for publication in

the IEEE T RANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS by the Pulp and Paper

Industry Committee of the IEEE Industry Applications Society. Manuscript

released for publication September 2, 1997.

A. Bonnett is with U.S. Electrical Mot ors, Division of Emerson Electric

Company, St. Louis, MO 63136 USA.

D. J. Rhodes is with Rockwell Automation, Duluth, MN 55802 USA (e-

mail: [email protected]).

Publisher Item Identifier S 0093-9994(98)00872-X.

2) The Application Considerations of Pulsewidth Modu-

lated Inverters and AC Induction Motors to a Total

System1996.

3) Noise and Vibration from Induction Machines Fed from

Harmonic Sources1994.

4) Induction MotorsConstant Frequency/Constant Volt-

ageVariable Frequency/Variable Voltage1995.

5) Audible Noise and Losses in Variable-Speed Induction

Motor Drives with IGBT Inverters1993.

6) Considerations for the Use of AC Induction Motors

on Variable-Frequency Controllers in High-PerformanceApplications1993.

7) Variable-Frequency Drive and Motor System Selection

1993.

8) Application Considerations for PWM Inverter-Fed Low-

Voltage Induction Motors1992.

9) Power ElectronicsA Technology Review1992.

10) Systems Engineering for Large Induction Motor

Adjustable-Frequency Drives1991.

11) Interactions Between PWM Inverters and Motors

1991.

12) Adjustable-Speed Drive: Applications Guidebook

1990.

13) Harmonics and Technical Barriers in Adjustable-Speed

Drives1989.

14) Guidelines in Selecting Variable-Speed Drives From a

Users Viewpoint1987.

15) Torsional Vibration Resulting From Adjustable-

Frequency AC Drives1987.

T ITLE SECTION 2

Reflected Wave, an d Lead Length Issu es

1) Cable Characteristics and Their Influence on Motor

Overvoltages1997.

2) PWM Modulators and Their Influence on Motor Over-

voltages1997.

3) Riding the Reflected WaveIGBT Drive TechnologyDemands New Motor and Cable Considerations1996.

4) Evaluation of Motor Power Cables for PWM

Drives1996.

5) Interaction of Drive Modulation and Cable Parameters

on AC Motor Transients1996.

6) Design Methodology of a Cable Terminator to Reduce

Reflected Voltage on AC Motors1996.

7) Analysis of the Impact of PWM Inverter Voltage Wave-

forms on AC Induction Motors1995.

00939994/98$10.00 1998 IEEE


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218 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, VOL. 34, NO. 1, JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1998

8) Voltage Distribution in the Windings of an AC Motor

Subjected to High PWM Voltages1995.

9) Motor Lead Length Issues for IGBT PWM

Drives1995.

10) Simulation of Cable and Winding Response to Steep-

Fronted Voltage Waves1995.

11) Transient Effects in Application of PWM Inverters to

Induction Motors1991.

TITLE SECTION 3

Motor Issues

1) Motor Insulation System Quality for IGBT

Drives1997.

2) Medium-Voltage Motor Harmonic Heating, Torques, and

Voltage Stress When Applied on VFDs1996.

3) Analysis of Inverte r-Fed High-Speed Induction Mo-

tor Considering Skew Factor and Crosspath Resis-

tance Between Adjacent Rotor Bars for Wide Speed

Range1996.

4) Circulating-Type Motor Bearing Current in Inverter

Drives1996.

5) Experimental Comparison of Motor Bearing Currents

with PWM Hard- and Soft-Switched Voltage-Source

Inverters1996.

6) Assessing AC Motor Dielectric Withstand Capability to

Reflected Voltage Stress Using Corona Testing1996.

7) Dielectric Integrity of Magnet Wire Insulations Under

Multistresses1996.

8) A Comparison Between Insulation Systems Available for

PWM Inverter-Fed Motors1996.

9) Progress in Filled Insulation Materials to Improve Motor

Performance and Reliability1996.

10) Will Your Motor Insulation Survive a New Adjustable-Frequency Drive?1996.

11) Aging of Magnetic Wire in the Presence of Vari-

able Frequency, High Rise Time, and High-Voltage

Pulses1994.

12) Aging in Wire Insulation Under Multifactor

Stress1993.

13) Considerations for Derating Induction Motors for Ap-

plications on Variable-Frequency Drives1992.

14) Rating Considerations for Squirrel-Cage Induction Mo-

tors Operated with Variable-Frequency Drives1991.

15) Need for Industry Standards for AC Induction

Motors Intended for Use with Adjustable-Frequency

Drives1990.

16) Motor Design Features For Adjustable-Frequency

Drives1987.

17) Voltage Distribution Among the Coils and Turns of a

Form-Wound AC Rotating Machine Exposed to Im-

pulse Voltage1986.

B IBLIOGRAPHY AND A BSTRACT SECTION 1

Motor/Drive System Application Issues

1) Power Electronics and Variable Frequency

Drives1997

AbstractA book with 11 chapters, each by a different

author.

Edited by B. Bose, Univ. of Tennessee

IEEE Press.

2) The Application Considerations of PWM Inverters

and A.C. Induction Motors to a Total System1996

AbstractApplication considerations for applying

PWM drives, cabling, motor, couplings, and driven

equipment.

A. Bonnett, U.S. Electrical Motors

(EASA Convention, Phoenix, AZ, Feb. 1996).

3) Noise and Vibration from Induction Machines Fed

from Harmonic Sources1994

AbstractExamination of how the noise and vibration

level of motors is affected by harmonics and load.

R. Yacamini and S. C. Chang, University of Aberdeen,

U.K.

(IEEE 0885-8969/95).

4) Induction Motors - Constant Frequency/Constant

Voltage - Variable Frequency/Variable Voltage1995

AbstractMotor application considerations, sinewave

versus inverter-fed.

M. Melfi, Reliance Electric

Reliance Electric Technical Paper B-7097-1.

5) Audible Noise and Losses in Variable Speed Induc-

tion Motor Drives with IGBT Inverters1993

AbstractInfluence of squirrel-cage design and switch-

ing frequency.

A. Malfait, R. Reekmans, R. Belmans, EE Dept., K.U.L.

Leuven

(IEEE 0-7803-1993-1/94).

6) Considerations for the Us e of AC Induction Mo-

tors on Variable-Frequency Controllers in High-

Performance Applications1993

AbstractNeed for motors designed specifically for

inverter-fed operation.

M. Melfi, R. Hart, Reliance Electric

Reliance Electric Technical Paper B-7093.

7) Variable-Frequency Drive and Motor System Selec-

tion1993

AbstractAC drive and motor selection.

E. Edwards, Brown & Root

(IEEE CH3331-6/93/0000-0175).

8) Application Considerations for PWM Inverter-Fed

Low-Voltage Induction Motors1992

AbstractEffects of PWM drives on motors.

T. Lowery and D. Petro, Reliance Electric

(IEEE 92-CH3186-4/1/92/0000-0225).

9) Power ElectronicsA Technology Review1992

AbstractTechnology review of power electronics,

technology trends.


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BONNETT AND RHODES: PWM INVERTER AND MOTOR APPLICATIONS 219

B. Bose, EE Dept., Univ. of Tennessee

(IEEE 0018-9219/92).

10) Syste ms Engineering for Large Induction Motor

Adjustable-Frequency Drives1991

AbstractLarge drive system engineering considera-

tions.

F. DeWinter, Allen-Bradley, and L. Denke, Colt Engi-

neering

(IEEE 91-CH30577/1/91/0000-0029.

11) Interactions Be tween PWM Inverters and Mo-

tors1991

T. Salzmann, Siemens AG, Drives and Standard

Products Group

Stromrichterwerk, Erlangen, Germany.

12) Adjustable-Speed Drive: Applications Guide-

book1990

AbstractGuidebook to applications and processes

that can be made more efficient by application of

adjustable-speed drives.

Bonneville Power Administration.

13) Harmonics and Technical Barriers in Adjustable-

Speed Drives1989

AbstractDrive harmonics and plant power systems.

R. Hanna, Petro-Canada Products

(IEEE 0093-9994/89/0900-0894).

14) Guidelines in Selecting Variable-Speed Drives From

a Users Viewpoint1987

AbstractGeneral guidelines for selection of different

drive types.

D. Dey, E. I. du Pont

(IEEE 87CH2495-0/87/0000-0001).

15) Torsional Vibration Resulting From Adjustable-

Frequency AC Drives1987

AbstractTechniques for analysis of system torsional

vibration and effects.

D. Sheppard, Reliance Electric

(IEEE 87CH2495-0/87/0000-0029).


Reflected Wave, an d Lead Length Issu es

1) Cable Characteristics and Their Influence on Motor

Overvoltages1997

AbstractNot available.

R. Kerkman, D. Leggate, and G. Skibinski, Allen-

Bradley

[1997 IEEE Applied Electronics Conference (APEC)].

2) PWM Modulators and Their Influence on Motor

Overvoltages1997

AbstractNot available.


Bradley

[1997 IEEE Applied Electronics Conference (APEC)].

3) Riding the Re flected WaveIGBT Drive Te chnol-

ogy Demands New Motor and Cable Considera-

tions1996

AbstractIGBT drive transient effects on motors and

cables.

L. Saunders and G. Skibinski, Allen-Bradley; S. Evon,

Reliance Electric; D. Kempkes, Chevron

(IEEE 96-CH35988-6/96/0000-0075).

4) Evaluation of Motor Power Cables for PWM AC

Drives1996

AbstractEvaluation of cabling for IGBT drives, with

test results and recommendations.

J. Bentley and P. Link, ABB

(IEEE 0-7803-3148-6-5/96 andIEEE Trans. Ind . Appli-

cat., vol.33, pp. 342358, Mar./Apr. 1997.

5) Interaction of Drive Modulation and Cable Parame-

ters o n AC Motor Transients1996

AbstractCalculation and experimental results on IGBT

drive, cable, and motor interactions.


Bradley

(IEEE 0-7803-3544-9/96).

6) Des ign Methodology of a Cable Terminator to Re -

duce Reflected Voltage on AC Motors1996

AbstractTheory and design of a line termination net-

work for IGBT drives.

G. Skibinski, Allen-Bradley(IEEE 0-7803-3544-9/96).

7) Analysis of the Impact of PWM Inverter Voltage

Waveforms on AC Induction Motors1995

AbstractEffects of PWM waveforms on motor perfor-

mance and life.


(IEEE 0093-9994/96).

8) Voltage Distribution in the Windings of an AC Motor

Subjected to High PWM Voltages1995

AbstractSimulation and test results on a motor pow-

ered by an IGBT drive.

V. Gubbala, A. van Jouanne, P. Enjeti, C. Singh, and H.Toliyat, Texas A&M

(IEEE 0-7803-2730-6/95).

9) Motor Lead Length Issues for IGBT PWM

Drives1995

AbstractTheoretical and experimental testing of

IGBT drive below 10 hp.

T. Takahashi, M. Tetmeyer, H. Tsai, and T. Lowery,

Reliance Electric

Reliance Electric Technical Paper D-7172-1.


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220 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, VOL. 34, NO. 1, JANUARY/FEBRUARY 1998

10) Simulation of Cable and Winding Response to

Steep-Fronted Voltage Waves1995

AbstractSimulation of IGBT waveforms.

D. Hyypio, Marathon Electric

(IEEE IAS 1995 0-7803-3008-9/95).

11) Transient Effects in Application of PWM Inverters

to Induction Motors1991

AbstractPWM waveform, rise time, and reflection

effects upon motor insulation.

E. Persson, H. A. Simons

(IEEE 0093-9994/92).


Motor Issues

1) Motor Insulation System Quality for IGBT

Drives1997

AbstractThe effect of fast IGBT rise rate on motor

insulation.

L. Manz, GE Motors

(IEEE 1077-2618/97).

2) Medium-Voltage Motor Harmonic Heating, Torques,

and Voltage Stress When Applied on VFDs1996

AbstractMotor effects from various 2307200 VAC

drives.

F. DeWinter, Allen-Bradley; B. Wu, Ryerson Polytech-

nic Univ.

(IEEE 96-CH35988-6/96/0000-0131).

3) Analysis of Inverter-Fed High-Speed Induction Mo-

tor Considering Ske w Factor and Cross path Res is-

tance between Adjacent Rotor Bars for Wide Spee d

Range1996

AbstractRotor design for inverter-fed motors.

K. Matsuse and N. Kaneko, Meiji Univ.; T. Yoshida,

Yaskawa Electric

(IEEE 0-7803-3544-9/96).

4) Circulating-Type Motor Bearing Current in Inverter

Drives1996

AbstractNew type of bearing currents on inverter-fed

motors.

S. Chen, GM R&D Center; T. Lipo and D. Novotny,Univ. of Wisc.-Madison

(IEEE 0-7803-3544-9/96).

5) Experimental Comparison of Motor Bearing Cur-

rents with PWM Hard- and Soft-Switched Voltage -

Source Inverters1996

AbstractMotor bearing currents.

S. Bhattacharya, D. Divan, D. Novotny, and T. Lipo,

Univ. of Wisc.-Madison; L. Resta, SIEI Peterlougo

(IEEE 0-7803-3500-7/96).

6) Asses sing AC Motor Die lectric Withstand Capabil-

ity to Reflected Voltage Stress Using Corona Test-

ing1996

AbstractCorona test to assess IGBT withstand capa-

bility of motors.

G. Skibinski, J. Erdman, J. Pankau, and J. Campbell,

Allen-Bradley

(IEEE 0-7803-3544-9/96).

7) Dielectric Integrity of Magnet Wire Insulations under

Multistresses1996

AbstractPerformance of different motor wire insula-

tions in PWM applications.

W. Yin, K. Bultemeier, D. Barta, and D. Floryan, Phelps

Dodge Magnet Wire Co.

(1995 EIC Conf. Proc., p. 257).

8) A Comparison Between Insulation Systems Available

for PWM Inverter-Fed Motors1996

AbstractDiscussion of the need for two insulation

systems needed for general purpose and inverter-fed

motors.


(IEEE 96-CH35988-6/96/0000-0049).

9) Progress in Filled Insulation Materials to Improve

Motor Performance and Reliability1996

AbstractAdvances in motor insulation systems to im-

prove performance, reliability, and efficiency in large

motors used with variable-frequency drives.

R. Rehder and R. Draper, GE Canada

(IEEE 96-CH35988-6/96/0000-0101).

10) Will Your Motor Insulation Survive a New

Adjustable-Frequency Drive?1996

AbstractApplication of IGBT drives to existing

motors.

S. Bell and J. Sung, Reliance Electric

(IEEE 96-CH35988-6/96/0000-0125).

11) Aging of Magnetic Wire in the Presence of Variable

Frequency, High Rise Time, and High-Voltage

Pulses1994

V. Divljakovic, J. Kline, D. Barta, and D. Floryan

1994 Annual Report, Conf. On Elect. Insul. And

Dielectric Phenomena, pp. 391399 (CEIDP 1994

#94CH3456-1).12) Aging in Wire Insulation under Multifactor

Stress1993

A. Bruning and F. Campbell

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Elect. Insulation , vol. 28, pp.

729754, 1993.

13) Considerations for Derating Induction Motors for

Applications on Variable-Frequency Drives1992

AbstractImpact of VFDs on motor insulation and

cooling system.


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BONNETT AND RHODES: PWM INVERTER AND MOTOR APPLICATIONS 221

S. Mecker, Siemens

(IEEE CH3142-7/92/0000-0191).

14) Rating Considerations for Squirrel-Cage Induc-

tion Motors Operated with Variable-Frequency

Drives1991

AbstractPerformance of inverter-fed motors.

P. Link, Allen-Bradley

(IEEE CH2973-6-91/0000).

15) Need for Industry Standards for AC Induction Mo-

tors Intended for Use with Adjustable-Frequency

Drives1990

AbstractProposed industry standards for inverter-fed

motor selection.

R. Daugherty and C. Wennerstrom, Reliance Electric

(IEEE 0093-9994/91).

16) Motor De sign Fe atures For Adjustable-Frequency

Drives1987

AbstractNeed for motors designed for use with in-

verters.

C. Erickson, E. I. du Pont

(IEEE 0093-9994/88/0300-0192).

17) Voltage Distribution Among the Coils and Turns of

a Form-Wound AC Rotating Machine Exposed to

Impulse Voltage1986

AbstractMethod of calculation voltage distribution in

a stator winding exposed to impulse voltage.

R. Rhudy and E. Owen, GE; D. Sharma, EPRI

(IEEE 0885-8969/86/0006-0050).

Austin H. Bonnett (M68SM90F92) was born

in Los Angeles, CA, in 1936. He received the

B.S. degree in electrical engineering from California

State University, Los Angeles, and the Masters

degree in business from t he University of Phoenix,

Phoenix, AZ .

He served in the U.S. Navy from 1955 to 1958 as

an Electrician aboard t he icebreaker Burton Island.

He joined U.S. Electrical Motors , a division of

Emerson Electric Company, in 1963 and has held

positions in the Service, Manufacturing, Quality

Control, and Engineering Departments. He was the Plant M anager of the

Prescott, AZ , facility for five years prior t o holding the p osition of Vice Presi-

dent of Engineering, directing all U.S. Electrical Mot ors engineering functions

for ten y ears. Presently, he holds t he position of Vice PresidentTechnology

at the Emerson M otor Technology Center in St. Louis, MO, where he focuses

on acquiring new technology and has industry representation resp onsibilities.

He has p ublished numerous technical papers on rot ating machinery.

Mr. Bonnett serves on NEMA, IEEE, EPRI, and DOE Committees and

received the 1994 IEEE Meritorious Award. In 1996, he was selected for t he

IEEE Industry Applications Society Outstanding Achievement Award.

Duncan J. Rhodes (A91) received the B.S. degree

in biochemistry from Massachusetts Institute of

Technology, Cambridge, in 1966.

He joined Reliance Electric as a Salesman in

1981, opening an office in North Dakota. I n 1988,

he moved to the Duluth, M N, Sales Office, where

he is currently a Senior Sales Engineer for Rockwell

Automation Drives Systems, sp ecializing in the pulp

and paper industry.

Mr. Rhodes serves on the IEEE Industry Appli-

cations Society Drives and Controls Subcommittee

of the Pulp and Paper Industry Committee.

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