Purchasing Articles on Demand: Implications for Libraries and Publishers
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Transcript of Purchasing Articles on Demand: Implications for Libraries and Publishers
Purchasing Articles on Demand: Implications for Libraries and Publishers
Allen Press Emerging Trends in Scholarly Publishing SeminarWashington, D.C.
April 19, 2012Michael Levine-ClarkUniversity of Denver
DefinitionsPatron-Driven Acquisition (PDA)
Faculty Requests/InputUse Data
Demand-Driven Acquisition (DDA)Meets immediate need
Why DDA is Ideal for Books
High cost per use (but cheap unit cost)
Low overall useAs percentage of collection (40% not
used)Per item (most only used 1-2 times)
High publishing output~1 million titles annually (UNESCO)
Books Cataloged 2000-2004 (126,953 Titles)
4+ uses; 18.8%
3 uses; 8.2%
2 uses; 12.8%
1 use; 20.6%
0 uses; 39.6%
Books Cataloged 2000-2004 (126,953 Titles)
4+ uses; $1,084,576
3 uses; $473,060
2 uses; $738,435
1 use; $1,188,418
0 uses; $2,284,53
2
Annual Book Production, 2009
DU Pur
chas
es
North
Am
erican
Sch
olar
ly (Y
BP)
All U
nite
d St
ates
Wor
ld (U
NESCO)
0200000400000600000800000
10000001200000
But What About Articles?
Journals – Current Landscape
Big deals
supplemented by
Single-title subscriptions
supplemented by
Article-level acquisitionOn the marginsILLPDF purchase
Journal vs. ArticleIn electronic environment, the
article is what mattersThe unit most people want(Relatively) affordable per item
Articles (Why DDA May Not Be Ideal) Low cost per use (but generally
expensive absolutely)
High overall use
Smaller publishing universe (but still impossible to get it all)~350,000 titles (EBSCO)
The Big DealCost effective
Incredible deals for University of Denver
Lots of bang for the buckAccess to many more titles than
possible with title-by-title selection
Probably not sustainable with current academic library budgets
The Journal Inflation Problem
FY 2007
FY 2008
FY 2009
FY 2010
FY 2011
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
RecurringNon-RecurringServices
How Do You Replace the Big Deal?
Replacing the Big DealMedium or small deals
More title-by-title selection
Article-level purchase
Current OptionsExpensive PDF lease
$30+ per articlePrint/downloadGiven to end user
Nothing for libraryNothing for next user
Works well for marginal material – not enough demand to warrant a subscription
Current OptionsRead-only short-term loan
Cambridge University Press modelLow cost ($5.99) in line with normal
cost per use 24-hour accessNo download/printAnother use = another payment
Might work for core material – but limited utility
A Goal: Replace Big Deal – Similar Access Level for
Similar Spend
Replace Big DealBenefit libraries
Access to wider range of journals/articlesGreater budgetary flexibility
Benefit publishersMaintain most revenue in face of
stagnant/shrinking library budgetsMaintain viability of journalsIncrease access to journals (beyond core)
Benefit bothMove from journal to article
Possible ModelsExpensive PDF purchase
$30+ per articlePrint/downloadFull-text access on publisher site
Available to next userPotentially lower cost per use
Possible ModelsCheaper short-term loan
$1.99Print/downloadSingle user with expiration
Possible Models - Requirements
Need a sustainable price
Need a capAt some point the library owns the
article (or journal)
Do publishers need a guarantee, or do we assume that good content will be acquired?
Thank You