30.05.2013/Erik Larsen/R&D Manager

Polyurethane Insulates Better:

Introduction to Polyurethaneand Technical Insulation.

“Polyol” + “isocyanate” ���� “urethane” + heat(liquid) (liquid) (solid)

What are Polyurethanes (PUR)?

Polyol Isocyanate

Urethane

Poly urethane network / matrix

Basic PUR -reactions.

Additive Example PurposePolyols Polyethers, polyesters, polyamines - modify/determine physical/chemical

properties.

Catalysts Tertiary aminesOrganic metals

- increase speed of reactions.- dominate special reactions.

Blowing agents CBA: Water (CO2), Formic acid (CO)FBA: CFC, HCFC, HFC, HC, FC

- foamed structure.- improve the insulation properties.

Cell stabilizers Special siloxanes/ silicone oils - emulgate.- nucleate.- stabilize.

Crosslinkers &chainextenders

Glycerol, polyols, polyamines - increase hardness.- increase flexibility.

Colours Pigments, carbon black - dye the polyurethane.

Fillers Fibre, inorganic materials - modify properties (stiffness, fire perfor-mance, price, reduce shrinkage).

Flameretardants

Phosphoric- and/or halogen basedadditives.

- Improving fire performance.

Common additives in PUR -systems*.

*mainly in the polyol-blend

“The four corners of Polyurethanes”.

Flexible/rigid foamed/solid thermosets.

“Polyol” + “isocyanate” ���� “urethane”

What are Polyurethanes (PUR)?

“Polyol” + “isocyanate” ���� “urethane”

What are Polyurethanes (PUR)?

“Polyol” + “isocyanate” ���� “urethane”

What are Polyurethanes (PUR)?

λλλλfoam = λλλλgas + λλλλmatrix + λλλλradiation

Foam Insulation Performance

0%

25%

50%

75%

100%

Cell Gas

PUR Matrix

Radiation

Factors Contributing to Foam Thermal Conductivity (λ λ λ λ = ability to conduct heat)

Blowing Agent Technologies for Polyurethane

Chemical Class ODP [R11=1]

GWP [100yrs, CO2=1]

λλλλgas[mW/m*K]

CFCs (1. generation) R-11 1 4750 7,8

H-CFCs (2. generation) R-141b 0,1 725 9,8

HFCs (3. generation) 245fa 0 1030 12,1

365mfc 0 900 10,6

Hydrocarbons Cyclopentane 0 11 12,6

Isopentane 0 11 14,8

HFOs (4. generation) Solstice LBA 0 <5 na

FEA 1100 0 10 10,7

Others Water (CO2) 0 1 16

Air 0 0 27

Fresh PUR-foam15

20

25

30

CFC11

HCFC141b

HFC245

HFC365

HFO CP Water(CO2)

1719 20 21

1921

2319

21 22 2321

23

27

Blowing agent -> “green” direction

Lambda values, PUR foam with steel facings [mW /mK].

Fresh PUR-foamAged PUR-foam

Insulation properties of PUR foam with different blowing agents.

Thickness of insulation in order to achieve same U-factor*:

Why PUR Materials for the Construction Industry?

There is only one clever way to build a passive house

150 m2 house with 400 [mm] MW gives approx. 7 m2

extra living room using 270 [mm] PUR!

[W/m²K]

*U-factor: ability of a building element to conduct heat

Thickness

Lambda, foam

Why PUR as technical insulation?

�Insulates better.

�Good mechanical properties.

�Sustainable.

�Durable.

�Resistant to chemicals.

�Resistant to fungis, bacterias and moulds.

�Temperature stable.

�”No” water uptake.

�Easy to form and work in.

”FunctionalInsulation”

Technical insulation: industrial pipes.

Technical insulation: district heating pipes.

Technical insulation: commercial refrigerators/freezers.

Technical insulation: spray.

Technical insulation: sandwich panels.

Technical insulation: sandwich panels.

PUR Boards for Thermal Insulation

Renovation

PUR Elements for Thermal Insulation

New Roof and Wall Insulation

Concrete sandwich walls, 300 [mm] PIR, U-value 0,08 [W/m 2K]

PUR Rigid Foam Cores/Integral skin

Window frames

Sustainable PUR foams – long term project.

0

5

10

15

20

25

Conventional Foam

Microcellular Systems + low

k-factor BA

Advanced Ins. Technology

The

rmal

Con

duct

ivity

[mW

/m*K

]

Project Portfolio Energy Saving PUR Solutions

The Knudsen-Effect

100101 1000 / 1 10 100 1000

[µm][nm]

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0 0 0 1 10 100 1000

k-fa

ctor

[m

W/K

/m]

cell size [mm]0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000

cell size [µm]

N2

CO2

Advanced Insulation Technologies

”Nano foams”

Project Status

Thank you!

Forward-Looking Statements

This presentation may contain forward-looking statements based on current assumptions and forecasts made by Bayer Group or subgroup management.

Various known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors could lead to material differences between the actual future results, financial situation, development or performance of the company and the estimates given here. These factors include those discussed in Bayer’s public reports which are available on the Bayer website at www.bayer.com.

The company assumes no liability whatsoever to update these forward-looking statements or to conform them to future events or developments.