Louise Briot, Héloïse Dubois, Rémy Durfort, Pauline Maridat

ICT

Pune

India

Where is Pune?

Maharashtra France

Area

2Population

Maharashtra 2 France

What are Pune ICT clusters’

stakes ?

PESTEL

PESTELPolitics

Politics

Politically stable But…

Politics

Tensions between centralization & separatist tendencies

Community tensions

Income Inequalities

Corruption

Politically stable But…

Monetary policy

Orthodox monetary policy - Reserve Bank of India

Rupee : fixed exchange rate with the US dollar

PESTEL

Economics

India’s growth 5,4%

© CIA World Factbook

2010 2011 2012

10.10%

6.80%

5.40%

1.70% 1.70%

0.10%

India France

195th /224

90th /181

High interest rate

© CIA World Factbook

10,8%High inflation

9,2%

Inflation and interest

ICT sector in India

Exportations in 2010are ICT good or

services

50%2000

20022004

20062008

20100

10

20

30

40

50

60

Share of ICT in exportations (%)

services exporta-tionsgoods exportations

Opportunities• 1st country in offshore

computer services• Low wages• Good level of english

and mathematics• Democratic stability

Challenges• Wages increase upmarket

• Differenciation thanks to innovation

• More qualified laborforce• Lowest broadcast of ITC in

emerging Asia • Develop internal market• Possibility of telecommuting

ICT sector in India

Little Asian Sillycon Valley

Positive externalities

Saturation of New Delhi & Mumbai

ICT sector in Pune

PESTEL

Social

Socialinequalities

• Lack of ressources• illiteracy rate• Gap men vs women, urban vs rural

zones and casts • few in higher schools

• Masters in ICT

• English

Education

Health

• Inequalities rural vs urban,• indrinkable water• Lack access to improved sanitation• Unbreathable in Pune

• Decrease of Maternal mortality 1990−2010 (MDGs)

• Young population

40% of the population lives in slums

57% of the population lives in rural zones and work in agriculture

29,8% below national poverty line in 2010

Living conditions

PESTEL

Technology

Patents

19971999

20012003

20052007

20092011

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

ResidentNon resident and abroad

Energy is the main concern

Energy for clusters

Network is the key

Network is the key

PESTELEnvironment

WheatherTough weather

Vulnerable country to climate changes

Pollution

Polluted airCongestion

Long timeSound and olfactory pollution

Pollution

Little regulation regarding pollution and recycling

Pollution

Little regulation regarding pollution and recycling

BUT…

Green technologiesIn IT Parks

Renewable energy, energetic potential

Biomass

Solar and wind energy

Ministry of new and sustainable energies

since 1992

PESTELLegislation

Little regulation

Little regulation

Great flexibility

Indian government is pro-active and tries to

take actions favorable to IT development

and to attract FDI

SEZ = Duty-free enclaves

Powers : infrastructure, workers' rights , energy, water

4 SEZ in Pune

Special Economic Zones & legislation

7 intelligent buildings

3 Public IT Parks

IT clusters

Great power over spacial development

Great responsibilites

Louise Briot, Héloïse Dubois, Rémy Durfort, Pauline Maridat

Thank you for your attention