Pumpkin

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PUMPKIN Cucurbita maxima(L) Group : N

description

This presentation is done by Export Agriculture students of Uva Wellassa University of Sri Lanka as a requirement for the subject which is “Fruit & Vegetable Cultivation”. Note that the information included here is relevant to Sri Lankan condition.

Transcript of Pumpkin

PUMPKIN Cucurbita maxima(L)

Group : N

Introduction

•  Pumpkin is a nutritious vegetable vine plant               •  Economically important part - Fruit•  Largest fruit in the plant kingdom•  warm-weather crop• Origin- Central America• Districts

AmparaAnuradhapuraMoneragala

Cont’d

• Yield : 15000-25000kg/ha• Cultivated area:9197 ha

Scientific Classification

• Kingdom Plantae• Division Magnoliophyta• Class Magnoliopsida• Order Cucurbitales• Family Cucurbitaceae• Genus  Cucurbita• Species  Cucurbita maxima(L)

Morphology

• Stem – Vine– Cylindrical– Green colour

• Roots – tap root system

• Leaves – lobed with 3 or 5 lobes

Cont’d• Flowers 

– Monoecious – Bright yellow color– 5 petals– female flower has a little pumpkin at the bottom

• Fruit –  spherical shape–  thick peel–  orange & green colour, containing pulp & seeds

Nutritional value (per 100 g)Energy 109kJ

Carbohydrate 6.5g

Sugar 2.76g

Dietary fiber 0.5g

Fat 0.1g

Protein 1g

Vitamin A ( beta-carotene) 3100ϻg

Vitamin C 9mg

Riboflavin (vit.B2) 0.11mg

Thiamine (vit.B1) 0.05mg

Niacin (vit.B3) 0.6mg

Vitamin E 0.44mg

Potassium 340mg

Phosphorus 44mg

Magnesium 12mg

Uses

• Foodo Pumpkin curryo Pumpkin pieo Pumpkin soupo Eggless Pumpkin Chocolate Chip Muffins

Cont’d

• Pumpkin oil seed• Animal feed• Recreational purposes during Halloween.

Medicinal Value• anti-diabetic• antioxidant • anti-carcinogenic• Pain killer• Solution for bladder problems

Recommended Varieties

• ANK Ruhunu

• Local variety

Climatic Requirements

• Cultivated up to 500m AMSL• Temperature - 27˚C• ARF -  600-1000mm• Long day plant

Soil

• Well drainage soil•  high amount of organic matter• Optimum pH range is about 5.5-7.5

Management practices

Land Preparation

• Turn over the soil up to 20-30 cm depth • Moderately rough texture is important• Apply 5kg of decayed organic materials per pit and mixed with top soil

• Fill the pits with this texture up to 10 cm height• Seed Requirements   - Seed 1kg/ha

Cont’d

• SpacingRuhunu 2.5 X 2.5mLocal varieties 3 X 3m

Fertilizer Recommendation

• Fertilizer application (Kg/ha)

WAP- Weeks After Planting

Urea    TSP MOP

Basal dressing 75 195 60

Top dressing 1 (4WAP)

75 - 60

Top dressing 2 (8WAP)

75 - 60

Irrigation

• Regular watering is important up to seed germination•  After germination water should be applied once in 5-7 days

Weed Management

• Weeding should be done at three weeks after germination

• Hand weeding is most suitable• A mulch of straw can be used to prevent weed growth

Disease Management

1. Downey Mildew– Yellow colour, triangular shape spots appear on the leaves

–  Leaves turn in to brown colour and get wrinkled– Ash colour spores are visible on lower parts of the leaves

Cont’d

2. Powdery Mildew– Fungal disease–  Leaves become yellow in colour– White colour spores are visible on both sides of 

the leavesControlDiscard host plants and weeds  belongs to family cucurbitaceae

3. Soft rot (Phythium spp)– fungal disease–  Rotting is visible on lower portion of the stem 

and on the surface of the fruits

Control Avoid high moisture and relative humidity improve soil aeration use recommended fungicides

4. Mosaic Virus– Green and yellow colour spots are visible on 

leaves– Leaves become curly and wrinkled–  Also patches appear on the leaves

control Destroy infected plants Control vectors like white flies by insecticide 

application

Pest management

• Cucumber beetles– Seedlings– Vine– Mature plant

• Gall fly– Female gall fly lay eggs on small pods

and the larvae feed on flesh of the fruit– Due to this damage the flower and pod

drop– Sometimes rotting of pods also occur

Cont’d

ControlCover the fruit with strawUse pheromones trapsDestroy infected fruit

Harvesting

• Powdery appearance on the fruit is the best stage for harvesting

Ruhunu 40 days after floweringLocal Varieties 60 days after flowering

Postharvest practices

• Matured fruit of pumpkin can be stored in dry place for 6-8 months

Group members

• J.A.K.Dhananjaya UWU/EAG/11/0039

• P.M.Belpage UWU/EAG/11/0042

Thank you