OR 335 / SYST 335 Introduction to ARENA. Introduction Brant Horio [email protected].
Pull out the blue textbook under your desk & open it up to page 335.
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Transcript of Pull out the blue textbook under your desk & open it up to page 335.
Pull out the blue textbookunder your desk & open it up to
page 335
When you finish the Map Activity, hand it in to me & pull out R34-B R34-B & turn to the back
The Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles (1919)(1919)The Authors:(Right to Left)
Woodrow Wilson – President of U.S.A.David Lloyd George – UK Prime MinisterVittorio Orlando – Italian Prime MinisterGeorges Clemenceau – French Prime Minister
The Location: Versailles, France
The Hall of Mirrors < 6/28/1919
Today>
The Terms
Germany had to pay reparations to the victorsTotal Balance Due: 132 Billion Gold Marks ($31.5 Billion)
Germany Lost Some TerritoryAlsace-Lorraine was given to FranceParts of Prussia were given to the new nation of Poland
Germany had to Break Down DefenseAll war materials were to be given to the AlliesArmy had to be no larger than 100,000 men
R34-B For German Reaction w/ Primary Sources
The Depression hits Germany
In the later part of the 1920’s things were getting a bit better in Germany.
The US was giving Germany loans to pay off their reparations.
BUT……
When the US Stock Market crashed in 1929, the US called in it’s debts.
Germany started printing money to pay for it & the “Reichmark” lost its value (inflation).
Inflation coupled w/ high unemployment led to an economic depression in Germany that exceeded the negative effects felt in other countries.
Extreme poverty, hunger, suffering, and desperation took hold in Germany.
The Effect
The German Economy COLLAPSED
Many Germans were jobless, desperate, hungry, & hopeless. The little money that people did have lost its value.
The German People Were:HumiliatedDefenseless
DisappointedAngry
&Broke
Europe Europe 19191919
Today’s Standard(s)
SS6H7 The student will explain conflict and change in Europe to the 21st century.
a. Describe major developments following World War I: the Russian Revolution, the
Treaty of Versailles, world-wide depression, and the rise of Nazism.
(R35) (R35) The Inter-War The Inter-War
YearsYears
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War YearsTo symbolize the end of
WWI, the allied and central powers signed the Versailles Treaty.
Under the terms of this treaty, Germany was
forced to pay reparations to the allied nations & give up some territory.
These reparations plunged Germany into an
economic depression.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
Many Germans felt betrayed by their leaders who signed the treaty.
The conditions in Germany kept getting worse.
Many people were unemployed and hungry.
The people of Germany were desperate for change.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
Many political parties emerged promising to change the
situation in Germany if they were given power.
One such party was called the National Socialist German
Workers’ Party, also known as the
NAZI PARTY
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
The Nazi Party, led by Adolf Hitler, blamed Jews and others for the problems facing
Germany.
They promised to make Germany strong again,
if the people would support them.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
The majority of Germans supported the Nazi Party, because they promised to
improve the economy, and end unemployment
and hunger.
In 1933, Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany by president
Hindenburg.
Reichstag Fire
A month after Hitler became Chancellor,
the Reichstag was set on fire.(2.27.1933)
The Enabling Act &
the Beginning of DictatorshipThe “Enabling Act” of 1933 gave
Hitler “temporary” autocratic powers to protect Germany from
these so-called communist terrorists that he claimed were trying to plunge Germany into
chaos.
This was only supposed to be temporary, but Hitler held this
power to the end.
Reichstag fire clip
Cleaning HouseDachau was built in 1933 to hold political dissidents (people that
opposed the Nazi Party & Hitler), like Communists.
In the early years of Nazi Germany these were just meant to hold people & keep them out of German society.
This helped Hitler eliminate political rivals.
As time went on, their function became more terrifying.
Night of the Long Knives
June 30th - July 2nd, 1934Hitler had many of
potential political enemies & threats (mostly Nazi SA
“Brown-Shirts” that helped him come to
power) killed by his SS.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
Once in power, Hitler moved to keep the
economic promises he had made to the German people.
He enacted many different public works
projects to both modernize the country and give people jobs.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
These projects did help the economy and the
Hitler-friendly people of Germany were doing
better.
Hitler had kept his promises, and many
Germans loved him for it.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War YearsWhile Hitler was openly
basking in the adoration of the people, he was
secretly rebuilding Germany’s military.
This was not legal, according to the terms of the Versailles Treaty.
Hitler guessed that the allies would not stop them.
…….He was right
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War YearsOnce Hitler has secured the
admiration of his people by fixing the economy and
unemployment, he wanted to “clean”
Germany of “socially undesirable” people.
Anything short of the Nazi version perfection was
unacceptable.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
According to Hitler, socially undesirables included:
Physically HandicappedMentally Handicapped
JewsGypsies
&Anybody that didn’t agree
with Nazi beliefs
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
The Nazi’s began to exclude anything they considered
“un-German” from German society.
They began to get rid of college professors, clergy, and
teachers who questioned their policies by sending them to concentration
camps.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
In 1935, Nazi Germany passed the
Nuremburg Laws, which stripped Jews of
German citizenship, prohibited them from
public employment. Later, the government required them to wear a badge of
identification or an armband.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
The pre-war climax of Nazi aggression against the Jews occurred on
November 9-10, 1938.
This was the “KristallnachtKristallnacht,” or “night of broken glass.”
Supporters of Hitler roamed around Germany destroying Jewish
businesses, beating up & killing Jews, & burning down synagogues.
The Inter-War YearsThe Inter-War Years
The leaders of the world didn’t
particularly like Hitler, but they were
afraid of creating another world war.
Ultimately, Hitler would force the world to
act.
NAZI GERMANYNAZI GERMANY
Ernst Rohm Heinrich HimmlerJoachim
Von RibbentropJoseph Goebbels
Reinhard Heydrich
Hermann Hermann GoeringGoering Joseph Joseph
GoebbelsGoebbelsRudolf Rudolf HessHess
Martin Martin BormannBormann
Rise of Nazi Germany
Rise of Nazi GermanyRise of Nazi Germany