PUL International Seminar 2009 PUL International Seminar ...

44thth PUL International Seminar 2009 PUL International Seminar 2009 –– Y150, MayY150, May. . 2121--2222, 200, 20099Yokohama,Yokohama, JapanJapan

Latest Efforts to Promote the Naval Latest Efforts to Promote the Naval A hit t d O E i iA hit t d O E i iArchitecture and Ocean Engineering Architecture and Ocean Engineering

Education for young generation inEducation for young generation inEducation for young generation in Education for young generation in Yokohama National UniversityYokohama National UniversityYokohama National UniversityYokohama National University

M.MuraiM.MuraiM.MuraiM.Murai

Y k h N ti l U i itY k h N ti l U i itYokohama National UniversityYokohama National University


JAPANJAPAN

Reduction of young populationReduction of young population

JAPANJAPAN currently has one of the currently has one of the lowest birth rateslowest birth rates in the world. It is said in the world. It is said that discrimination in the workplace and poor government policies have that discrimination in the workplace and poor government policies have been blamed for deterring many Japanese women from having childrenbeen blamed for deterring many Japanese women from having childrenbeen blamed for deterring many Japanese women from having children. been blamed for deterring many Japanese women from having children. But the government says that unless the trend is reversed quickly, the But the government says that unless the trend is reversed quickly, the shortage of children risks doing damage to the “economy”. shortage of children risks doing damage to the “economy”. Unless women here start having more babies, Unless women here start having more babies, thethe population in Japan is population in Japan is expected to shrink more than 20% by the middle of this centuryexpected to shrink more than 20% by the middle of this century. .

The total fertility rate (TFR) of women in Japan has been decliningThe total fertility rate (TFR) of women in Japan has been declining

44thth PUL International Seminar 2009 PUL International Seminar 2009 –– Y150, MayY150, May. . 2121--2222, 200, 20099Yokohama,Yokohama, JapanJapanIncrease entry rates into university and collageIncrease entry rates into university and collage

NowNow 18 years18 years old populationold population in Japanin Japan isis about approximatelyabout approximately 1 300 0001 300 000Now, Now, 18 years18 years old populationold population in Japanin Japan is is about approximately about approximately 1,300,0001,300,000. . About About 400,000 people of those go to a university400,000 people of those go to a university. Before 30 years, the 18 . Before 30 years, the 18 years old population was almost 2,000,000 and the capacity of the years old population was almost 2,000,000 and the capacity of the university was 300,000. Because the total admittance capacity of the university was 300,000. Because the total admittance capacity of the university has been gradually increasing, the number of applicants to the university has been gradually increasing, the number of applicants to the university is now the almost same as the admittance capacity In otheruniversity is now the almost same as the admittance capacity In otheruniversity is now the almost same as the admittance capacity. In other university is now the almost same as the admittance capacity. In other words, words, when not choosing a field of education, everyone who wants to when not choosing a field of education, everyone who wants to enter the university can be accepted to a universityenter the university can be accepted to a university. .

Chart A2.3 Entry rates into tertiary-type A education (1995, 2000 and 2006)

90100 Ref. Education at a Glance 2008: OECD Indicators Ref. Education at a Glance 2008: OECD Indicators

50607080 2006 2000 1995

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44thth PUL International Seminar 2009 PUL International Seminar 2009 –– Y150, MayY150, May. . 2121--2222, 200, 20099Yokohama,Yokohama, JapanJapanCramCram--free educationfree education

CramCram--free educationfree education was introduced to relax an examination competition was introduced to relax an examination competition about a university entrance examination that had been too severe in about a university entrance examination that had been too severe in Japan It was said the education whichJapan It was said the education which emphasizes an experience andemphasizes an experience andJapan. It was said the education which Japan. It was said the education which emphasizes an experience and emphasizes an experience and considerationconsideration is put into effect more than memorization and knowledge in is put into effect more than memorization and knowledge in this education reform. As a result, the learning contents and knowledge this education reform. As a result, the learning contents and knowledge from an elementary school to a senior high school were greatly reduced by from an elementary school to a senior high school were greatly reduced by the introduction of the cramthe introduction of the cram--free education. free education.

For exampleFor example such changessuch changes were performed; some were performed; some matter matter was moved was moved fromfromschoolchild'sschoolchild's textbook textbook in the past in the past to junior high school student'sto junior high school student's textbooktextbook,,

dd tt hi htt hi h h dh d d id i j i hi h h l t d t'j i hi h h l t d t'and and somesome matter which matter which had had appeared in appeared in junior high school student'sjunior high school student'stextbook textbook wawas s pushed pushed into theinto the senior senior high school student'shigh school student's textbook.textbook.Classes to acquire an experience should have increased, but, actually,Classes to acquire an experience should have increased, but, actually,123Classes to acquire an experience should have increased, but, actually, Classes to acquire an experience should have increased, but, actually, except some exceptions, except some exceptions, classes to get the basic knowledge merely have classes to get the basic knowledge merely have decreased.decreased.

123

In a recent a News paper’s survey, more than 70 percent of respondents In a recent a News paper’s survey, more than 70 percent of respondents said that they did not approve of the government's policy of pursuing said that they did not approve of the government's policy of pursuing ““ f d ti ”f d ti ”

MEXT: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyMEXT: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

“cram“cram--free education.”free education.”45


The cramThe cram--free education induces that the school hours of sciencefree education induces that the school hours of scienceWhere is “buoyancy”?Where is “buoyancy”?

The cramThe cram free education induces that the school hours of science free education induces that the school hours of science decreasedecrease caused by the decrease of the school hours in the senior high caused by the decrease of the school hours in the senior high school. Then university students without acquiring basic knowledge of school. Then university students without acquiring basic knowledge of physics in the senior high school are increasing.physics in the senior high school are increasing.The typical example is that The typical example is that "buoyancy""buoyancy" isis classified classified in physics in a senior in physics in a senior high school nowhigh school now whereas "buoyancy" was ever dealt with in a junior highwhereas "buoyancy" was ever dealt with in a junior highhigh school nowhigh school now whereas buoyancy was ever dealt with in a junior high whereas buoyancy was ever dealt with in a junior high school (compulsory education). Physics is elective course and the school (compulsory education). Physics is elective course and the selected rate is the worst in science (chemistry, biology and physics). selected rate is the worst in science (chemistry, biology and physics). The important thing is that this The important thing is that this education system haseducation system has taken the taken the chance of touching science andchance of touching science and

Why dose the ice fl ?

Why doesn’t my steel chance of touching science and chance of touching science and

engineering awayengineering away from a from a schoolchild and a junior high schoolchild and a junior high

float?y

boat sink?

school student.school student.There is anxiety that the thing There is anxiety that the thing which doesn't touch science andwhich doesn't touch science and

How to h

How to make such a

large ice?which doesn t touch science and which doesn t touch science and engineering engineering produces young produces young people who are drift away from people who are drift away from

measure the weight and volume of the ice?

Where does the ice come

from?engineering and science.engineering and science.

from?

44thth PUL International Seminar 2009 PUL International Seminar 2009 –– Y150, MayY150, May. . 2121--2222, 200, 20099Yokohama,Yokohama, JapanJapanMake opportunity of experienceMake opportunity of experience

We worry about that the reduction of population of young generation theWe worry about that the reduction of population of young generation theWe worry about that the reduction of population of young generation, the We worry about that the reduction of population of young generation, the decrease of basic knowledge of science and engineering and the drift decrease of basic knowledge of science and engineering and the drift away from science and engineering bring the large problem which should away from science and engineering bring the large problem which should be settled immediately for Japan where the science and technology are be settled immediately for Japan where the science and technology are made the feature. made the feature. That is such dislike of engineering is directly connected with student'sThat is such dislike of engineering is directly connected with student'sThat is, such dislike of engineering is directly connected with student s That is, such dislike of engineering is directly connected with student s decrease for an engineering department of a university in particular. decrease for an engineering department of a university in particular. On the other hand, it is said thatOn the other hand, it is said thatOn the other hand, it is said that On the other hand, it is said that drift away from engineering and drift away from engineering and manufacturing manufacturing is induced by the is induced by the d f t it fd f t it fdecrease of opportunity of decrease of opportunity of experience of engineering work in experience of engineering work in the life of school studentsthe life of school students..the life of school studentsthe life of school students..So, our department is providing So, our department is providing a a lessonlesson ““OmoshiroOmoshiro--fune lessonfune lesson”” for for

h l t d t d j i hi hh l t d t d j i hi hschool students and junior high school students and junior high school students and holding school students and holding a a contestcontest ““OceanOcean--Space for SystemsSpace for Systemscontestcontest OceanOcean Space for Systems Space for Systems Design CUP’Design CUP’” for senior high for senior high school students.school students. RatioRatio of new entrants by field of educationof new entrants by field of education


Event for schoolchildren and junior high school studentsEvent for schoolchildren and junior high school students

OmoshiroOmoshiro--Fune LessonFune LessonEvent for schoolchildren and junior high school studentsEvent for schoolchildren and junior high school students

One of the activities is “OmoshiroOne of the activities is “Omoshiro--Fune lesson” which is held for junior Fune lesson” which is held for junior high school students and schoolchildren. “Omoshiro” and "Fune" meanhigh school students and schoolchildren. “Omoshiro” and "Fune" meanhigh school students and schoolchildren. Omoshiro and Fune mean high school students and schoolchildren. Omoshiro and Fune mean respectively an “interest” and a “ship”. In other words, respectively an “interest” and a “ship”. In other words, “Omoshiro“Omoshiro--Fune Fune lesson” is to make a trigger which has an interest in a ship and the ocean lesson” is to make a trigger which has an interest in a ship and the ocean t ti i ti lt ti i ti lto participating young people.to participating young people.

This event has been held This event has been held on a day in August every on a day in August every year during the summer year during the summer vacation of the school andvacation of the school andvacation of the school and vacation of the school and the last one was 14th.the last one was 14th.In the last year, In the last year, the the application total numbers application total numbers were about 250,were about 250, but a but a member of a class made itmember of a class made itmember of a class made it member of a class made it about 100 people by lot about 100 people by lot from the restrictions of the from the restrictions of the embarkation capacity.embarkation capacity.




“Omoshiro“Omoshiro--Fune lesson” started with a short voyage in the area of “Port Fune lesson” started with a short voyage in the area of “Port of Yokohama” using the press ship of Yokohama City “Hamadori”of Yokohama” using the press ship of Yokohama City “Hamadori”of Yokohama using the press ship of Yokohama City Hamadori . of Yokohama using the press ship of Yokohama City Hamadori .

“Osanbashi Yokohama”“Osanbashi Yokohama”International Passenger TerminalInternational Passenger Terminal

“Hamadori”“Hamadori”Press Ship of Yokohama CityPress Ship of Yokohama City




After lunch, the lesson on Ships and Ocean was started at “Yokohama After lunch, the lesson on Ships and Ocean was started at “Yokohama Symposia” The lecture mainly composed of the experiment was executedSymposia” The lecture mainly composed of the experiment was executedSymposia . The lecture mainly composed of the experiment was executed. Symposia . The lecture mainly composed of the experiment was executed. It became the lecture meeting of the participation type by progressing by It became the lecture meeting of the participation type by progressing by the experiment and the quiz form that the participant worked for myself. the experiment and the quiz form that the participant worked for myself.




The theme of the 1The theme of the 1stst half of this lesson was “Buoyancy” .University students in half of this lesson was “Buoyancy” .University students in our department assisted the professor in the following experiment;our department assisted the professor in the following experiment;

•• Experiment on principle of ArchimedesExperiment on principle of Archimedes•• Experiment on hydraulic pressureExperiment on hydraulic pressure Please watch carefully!Please watch carefully!

our department assisted the professor in the following experiment;our department assisted the professor in the following experiment;

•• Experiment on hydraulic pressure Experiment on hydraulic pressure change according to depthchange according to depth•• Any floated method experimentAny floated method experiment

E periment of ps and do ns smallE periment of ps and do ns small

Please watch carefully! Please watch carefully! Why do you think Why do you think itit

floated?floated?

•• Experiment of ups and downs small Experiment of ups and downs small monk (participant experience) monk (participant experience) •• Experiment on the floater in foaming Experiment on the floater in foaming liquidliquid•• Demonstration of airshipDemonstration of airship•• Buoyancy experiment by centrifugal Buoyancy experiment by centrifugal y y p y gy y p y gforceforce

The experiments were continued more….The experiments were continued more….




The theme in the experiments in the lesson’s second half was " The theme in the experiments in the lesson’s second half was " Propulsion and Wave" .Propulsion and Wave" .Propulsion and Wave .Propulsion and Wave .

Experiment on rotor shipExperiment on rotor ship

Rotating rotor on small ship.Rotating rotor on small ship.

Experiment on rotor shipExperiment on rotor shipExperiment on pod thrust system Experiment on pod thrust system Experiment on a ship progress by Experiment on a ship progress by wave energywave energywave energywave energyExperiment on regular wavesExperiment on regular wavesExperiment on motion of wave Experiment on motion of wave

Wi i t fWi i t fparticlesparticlesExperiment on tsunamiExperiment on tsunami

Wing in water for Wing in water for generating thrustgenerating thrust

HandHand--operated operated Using a blower to make a Using a blower to make a

windwindwave generatorwave generator




The participants took very good reactions; Surprise and Laugh vividly. Some The participants took very good reactions; Surprise and Laugh vividly. Some parents said to us “I’m also great fun to study on the hydrodynamics throughparents said to us “I’m also great fun to study on the hydrodynamics throughparents said to us I m also great fun to study on the hydrodynamics through parents said to us I m also great fun to study on the hydrodynamics through the experiments! Thank you!” And the university students also said “It is very the experiments! Thank you!” And the university students also said “It is very useful and good experience for me. It was good that I participateduseful and good experience for me. It was good that I participated..””


Contest for senior high school studentsContest for senior high school students

OceanOcean--Space for System Design CUPSpace for System Design CUPContest for senior high school studentsContest for senior high school students

The contest consists of lectures by our department staffs and a race. The contest consists of lectures by our department staffs and a race. The lectures were given in September.The lectures were given in September.The lectures were given in September. The lectures were given in September.

The theme of the lectures are;The theme of the lectures are;(1) How can the ship run fast?(1) How can the ship run fast?(1) How can the ship run fast? (1) How can the ship run fast? (2) How does the ship float? (2) How does the ship float? (3) How does the fish swim?(3) How does the fish swim?




The victory in November was contested by total of 12 teams(2007) and 8 The victory in November was contested by total of 12 teams(2007) and 8 teams(2008) at 100m towing tank in our department. The interestingteams(2008) at 100m towing tank in our department. The interestingteams(2008) at 100m towing tank in our department. The interesting teams(2008) at 100m towing tank in our department. The interesting regulation is that the propulsion system must be a fin.regulation is that the propulsion system must be a fin.

TAMIYA "MECHANICAL BLOWFISH"TAMIYA "MECHANICAL BLOWFISH"TAMIYA MECHANICAL BLOWFISHTAMIYA MECHANICAL BLOWFISH

How about our How about our result?result?




The designs: Good record and individualityThe designs: Good record and individuality

A plastic curry bowl A plastic curry bowl A pet bottle with outriggersA pet bottle with outriggers A plastic model of fleetA plastic model of fleet loading a fin systemloading a fin system

A flog? A flog? A squid? A squid?

Every senior high school student provided a model with the good Every senior high school student provided a model with the good originality and showed his/her good engineering sense!originality and showed his/her good engineering sense!




The The senior senior high school studenthigh school studentss who participated in who participated in thethe race race were were very vividlyvery vividly. . It can beIt can be ththoughtought that thethat the eventevent waswas greatgreatlyly success as the whole. There wassuccess as the whole. There wasIt can be It can be ththoughtought that the that the event event was was greatgreatlyly success as the whole. There was success as the whole. There was also a tour of advisor teacheralso a tour of advisor teacherss of of the senior the senior high schoolhigh schoolss on the contest day, on the contest day, and it and it received received favorable reviewsfavorable reviews. . WeWe could enjoy could enjoy ourourselselvesves very much by a very much by a

b thb th ii d l i hi h th ti t h d i it td l i hi h th ti t h d i it trace by therace by theirir ownown model in which the respective teams showed ingenuity, too.model in which the respective teams showed ingenuity, too.


In thIn thisis presentpresentation we have introduced the latest activities of Yokohamaation we have introduced the latest activities of Yokohama

ConclusionsConclusionsWe are convinced that continuing theseWe are convinced that continuing these activities patientlyactivities patiently willwill bringbringIn thIn thisis presentpresentation, we have introduced the latest activities of Yokohama ation, we have introduced the latest activities of Yokohama National University for young generation on the maritime affairs.National University for young generation on the maritime affairs.We are convinced that continuing these We are convinced that continuing these activities patientlyactivities patiently willwill bring bring fruitful results for maritime affairs and engineering fruitful results for maritime affairs and engineering in near future at in near future at Yokohama.Yokohama.

1) Holding the lesson for schoolchildren and junior high school students. 1) Holding the lesson for schoolchildren and junior high school students. This lesson will make a good opportunity to touch the entrance ofThis lesson will make a good opportunity to touch the entrance of

Yokohama.Yokohama.

This lesson will make a good opportunity to touch the entrance of This lesson will make a good opportunity to touch the entrance of hydrodynamics and maritime affair. hydrodynamics and maritime affair.

2) Holding the contest for senior high school students. This 2) Holding the contest for senior high school students. This contest will contest will stimulate the senior high school students’ interest stimulate the senior high school students’ interest to engineering, to engineering, manufacturing and maritime affair And their good engineering sense couldmanufacturing and maritime affair And their good engineering sense couldmanufacturing and maritime affair. And their good engineering sense could manufacturing and maritime affair. And their good engineering sense could be seen via the contest. be seen via the contest.

We thank for the companies We thank for the companies and the academic society and the academic society that gave contributions for that gave contributions for thesethese events.events.


h kh kThank youThank youk yk y

PUL International Seminar 2009 PUL International Seminar ...

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