Public bikes in Barcelona - IMPACTS Pineda... · More than 10 times Between 5 and 10 times ... Each...

Public bikes in Barcelona


ELENA PLA PINEDAMobility Department


Barcelona: Mobility basic information

Barcelona is the center of one of the biggest metropolitan areas in Europe: the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona that integrate 164 municipalities and 4.4 millions of inhabitants. (density: 1.359 inhabitants/km2).

Barcelona is a city with a high demographic density, with 1.600.000 inhabitants in 101 km2 (density: 15.963 inhabitants/km2).


51,5%2.253.024

32,7%1.428.856

15,8%691.993

The non-motorized modes of transport (51,5%) and the public transport (32,7%) are the most used on intern displacements

In the connection displacements, the public transport(49,5%) and the private transport (47,5%) have very similar proportions of use.

1,66 millions

4,37 millionsNon-motorized mode Public TransportPrivate Transport

49,5%822.984

47,5%789.780

3,0%50.346

Barcelona: Modal Distribution


Beginning on March 2007

• 6000 bicycles

• 400 stations

• Coverage 49 km2

• Coverage Range 197 m

• Slope< 4%

MUNICIPALITY TERRITORIAL COVERAGE


TPI contracting-financing forms

The public bicycle system is integrated in the advertising contract, as a part of the canon. The control mechanism is subject to the principal aim of the advertising contract.

The public bicycle service system is an open request for tenders as a providing of a public service. The administration have a direct control all over the system.

1. Using a service rendering contract: Barcelona, Brussels, Sidney … models

2. Included on the advertising contracts:Oslo, Lyon, Paris … models


Bicing is financed with the excess of the integral regulation parking system, the “Àrea Verda”, in accordance with the Fiscal Orderly establishes.

Object:Safe, Sustainable, Equitable, Efficient Mobility

Car use restriction instruments:Parking Integral Regulation

More sustainable modes promotion: Project

financing


2 years later...


- 187.375 joins.- 6.000 bicycles.- 400 stations.

On May 2009:

customers

1.500 3.000 4.500 6.000 Bicycles: 300

6 € 24 € 30 €

(Annual subscription)


PROFESSION % CUSTOMERS

Student 15,86%

Administrative 9,38%Engineer 7,12%

Civil Service 4,86%

Self-employed 4,12%Artist 3,69%

Teacher 3,22%

Economist 3,12%Arquitect and quantity

surveyor 2,48%

Manager / Director 2,26%

Customers description

• Change in the bicycle customer role

• 59% of customers are older than 30 years old.

• Professional diversification

After :

Before :

Professional diversification and increase of the bicycle customer average age. Use due

to comfort and speed.

Mainly users are young students involved with sustainability and environment.


JOURNEY FEATURES WITH BICING

Journey

Average length

Working days: 14,1 minutesHolidays: 17,8 minutes

Distance 3 km

Rush HourExample:Zona universitaria

Journey features

Every day 97.139 bicycle displacements take place in Barcelona

Displacements / day type

Summer (june)

Winter (january)

Working day 47,069 34,150

Holiday 32,127 19,244

48,45 % of bicycle journeys during a favourable climate working day by BICING


8,3%

19,1%

43,5%

29,1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

More than 10 times

Between 5 and 10times

Between 1 and 5 times

Once or less

Use characteristics

• A high percentage of customers don’t usebicing usually (29,1%)

• There are a large part of customers that use bicing as their habitual transport mode (27,4%)

• Most of the customers use bicing regularly changing with other transport modes (43,5%)

DIARY USES


INTERMODALITY

• 63% are realized exclusively with Bicing

• 37% combines Bicing with other transport modes

• 68,2% are obligated mobilityjourneys (work, studies, etc.)

• Bicing has assumed the role of an usual urban transport mode for all displacement reasons.

Use characteristics


Importance and Evaluation

6,39

6,57

7,00

7,07

7,18

7,24

7,33

7,34

7,45

7,83

8,42

8,62

8,70

0 2 4 6 8 10

Fare when the first half an hour expires

Bicycle model adaptation to the use given

Customer service at the Bicing offices

Annual subscription fare

Bicycle comfort and ergonomics

Use and operation information at the stations

Station maintenance state

The answer received after a Bicing complaint

The easy use of the stations (take and leave bicycles)

Bicycles mechanic reliability

Stations location in relation to your needs

Bicycles availability at origin

Parking availability at destination stations

4,54

4,90

5,53

5,88

6,09

6,25

6,44

6,63

6,84

6,98

7,04

7,26

7,36

0 2 4 6 8 10






Stations maintenance state






Stations location in relation to your needs


The two points considered the most important (availability)

are less valuated

Studies for improve:

• System compensation(Anchorages / Bicycles≈2)• Distribution logistics

Stations location (coverage) have a high valuation

6,29

Average Valuation


Improvement priority matrix

EFFORTS TO MAINTAIN

STRONG POINTS

SECONDARY PRIORITY

PRIORITY ACTIONS

Lower than average

Higher than average

IMPORTANCE

Stations locations in relation to your needs



Stations maintenance state










• Studies development• Actions


18013.7%

7.10148,6%

1.04032.2%

3.58743,7%

3.560

50,4%

27115,4%

194,3%

62144,9%

24019,4%

527

22,4%

DISTRICTS RELATION. TRIPS / TOTAL WORKING DAY


Each circle diameter indicate the volume of generated trips, whereas the colour represent the α value.

DAILY ASYMMETRY PER STATION DURING A WORKING DAYAsymmetry (α) is represented as the relation between generated trips (G) and attracted trips (A):

α = G / A 49% of stations have a balanced asymmetric rate.

Problemas de acumulación

Problemas de reposicionamiento

STATIONS CLASSIFICATION BY ASYMMETRY LEVEL

3%4%

14%22%

27%14%

5%2%2%

3%3%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

< 0,60

0,60 a 0,75

0,75 a 0,90

0,90 a 1,00

1,00 a 1,10

1,10 a 1,25

1,25 a 1,40

1,40 a 1,70

1,70 a 2,00

2,00 a 3,00

> 3,00

'A

sim

met

ry ra

te

(Orig

in/D

estin

atio

n)

% stations

EVALUATION OF SERVICES PROVIDED


STATIONS OCCUPATION.WORKING DAY

Blue circles represents the empty stations during the day, the red ones represents the completely full stations and its diameter represents the number of hours that have been full.



Sants-Montjuïc

anca-Port

Sant Martí

Eixample

Sant Andreu

Les Corts

Ciutat Vella

Gràcia

Parc de Montjuïc

Sarrià

Pedralbes

Sant Gervasi-Bonanova

La Dreta de l'Eixample

Sant Andreu

La Maternitat i Sant RamonEl Bon Pastor

Sant Gervasi-Galvany

El Poblenou

Les Corts

La Nova Esquerra de l'Eixample

La Barceloneta

Vila de Gràcia

Diagonal Mar i el Front Marítim

El Guinardó

La Marina de PortSant Pere, Santa Caterina i la Ribera

Vallcarca i els Penitents

L'Antiga Esquerra de l'Eixample

La Verneda i la Pau

Provençals del Poblenou

Sants

El Parc i la Llacuna del PoblenouEl Raval

La Sagrada Família

El Carmel

El Besòs i el Maresme

La Vila Olímpica del Poblenou

La Sagrera

El Fort Pienc

La Trinitat Vella

Porta

El Putget i Farró

Sant Antoni

El Gòtic

El Poble Sec

Les Tres Torres

La Vall d'Hebron

Sant Martí de Provençals

La Marina del Prat Vermell

Camp de l'Arpa del Clot

Les Roquetes

El Clot

La Salut

El Camp d'en Grassot i Gràcia

La Font d'en Fargues

La Prosperitat

La Bordeta

Vilapicina i la Torre Llobeta

El Baix Guinardó

La Trinitat Nova

La Guineueta

Turó de la Peira

Navas

Hostafrancs

Sants-Badal

El Congrès i els Indians

El Coll

Can Baró

La Teixonera

La Font de la Guatlla

Canyelles

El Verdum

Baró de Viver

La ClotaCan Peguera

263

393

22

380

218

262

390

286

190

382

258267

268

266

335

191

376 375

269

271

189

265

261

209

270

84

310

195314

354

188313

355

312

326

327329

330

305

307

311

257

256

260

328

353

309

308

291

193

199

204

306

293

302

332

334337

336

294

299338

331

325

303

333

196

202

300288

295

192

290

298

200

296285

367

297

259

282

304

283

194

301

289

292

230 357

102

122

227

28

277

356228 276

203

106

20

284

108

229206

21

201

214

207

278226

318

197

212

208

213

366107

222

164

231

319

280

281

215

324323

223

221

322

216219

217

320

321

279205

198

224

225

101

29121

120

26

1837019

253

123

254

360

255

15

25

23

273274

359

243251

250 252

272

316

249

391

363

36960

275

362

105

66

61

287

64 6562

30

63

371

368

364

24

341

343

264

340

342

344

27

315

242

247246

248

241

240239

244

130

238

128103

177

104

339

129127

347348

349

351

346

352

179

184

180 181

185

183

234

236

18296

186

345

374

210

67

237

94

95

93

97

386

98

81

82

100

99

373

88

233

384

92

68

72

85

350

86

22074

112

111

91

113

87

7377

76

385

235

75 365

83

109

50

232

9089

110

378

55 37952

3635

53358

56

51

317

57

114

54187

34148

389392

388

70

131

71 58

387

59

381

134

135

141

147

133140

139

138132

157

137

170

11749

151

172

155

158

160

166 178168

176

167

156

146

150

136

144 145

161

159

171

163

162

175

174173

165

16912

42

143

154153152

44

142211

17372

16

48

46

119

32

124

149

45

118

47

11

1166913

43

12541

6

8710

91411537

3331

40

12638

39

377

5

2

34

80

79

78

1

Bicing DiagnosiNiv ell de Serv ei

D C B A

RUNNING CONDITIONS FUNCTIONAL ASSOCIATION OF STATIONS BY ASYMMETRY AND CENTRALITY



Investment and recovery costs

The estimated global inversion global for Bicing services is 15,9 million euro, emphasizing the stations cost that represents almost the 70% and, in the distance, the bicycles cost (17%).

SERVICE COST

INVESTMENTS DISTRIBUTION

17%

69%

5%5% Bicycles

Stations

Control and management

Information

Maintenance and repair

Bicycles movement

Administration and structure


Running costsPersonnel costBicing service staff are about 230 people, 50% of them are assigned to bicycles movement.

The estimated personnel cost is about 5 million euro.

Estimated global service costs: 10,2 million €/year

Service costs

BICING SERVICE PERSONNEL

16%

26%

50%

STRUCTURE

ADMINISTRATION

CONTROL IAND MANAGEMENT

INFORMATION TO THE CUSTOMER

MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR

BICYCLES MOVEMENT

SERVICE COST


Media Impact

March 2008 November 2008 February 2009


Reflections. Social Impact.

• Number of visits done to the service web page is: 3.056.444

• The number of customers is 187.375 more than 15% of Barcelona population (excluding old people and adolescents)

• 59 % of users older than 30 years old new customer profile

• Large presence in the media

• Bicing customer idea of being member of a “club”

• Recognitions:

• BMW Award• “Medio Ambiente Generalitat” Award


Reflections. Impacts over mobility.

• Metropolitan Bicing demand other municipalities show their will of take part in the success

• Private bicycle growth great boost to the bicycle as an urban transport mode

• Gain of “Last mille” bus users• Pedestrians–cyclists tensions:

• Circulation Orderly “Bicycle Orderly”

“Ride a bicycle along the city is possible”

Necessity of exclusive space for bicycles


Thanks for your attention


Reflections about the implementation and management of the Barcelona Bicycle Public Service


Cost coverage

Service collection coverage, with the actual price system, will be around 33% of running expenses and joint recoveries (44% of expenses exclusively).

Users income:Users contribution as an income concept will be around 4,5 million euro. On 2008, 90% of them corresponds to annual subscriptions, and will be between 6,5 and 7,8 million on year 2009 depending on the customers number evolution, in accordance with new fares approved for this period.

ESTIMATED INCOME COVERAGE

45%

58%64%

77%

33%43% 48%

57%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

2008

€

About expenses

About expenses + recoveries

Fares 2009 without

subscribers growth

Fares 2009 and

moderate subscribers

growth

Fares 2009 and high

subscribers growth

SERVICE COST


Availability of execute displacements on slope

A quarter of users assert that they always make Bicing trips on slope. 40% of users are not used to make slope routes.

Font: Estudi d'hàbits dels usuaris del Bicing. 2008

AVAILABILITY OF EXECUTE DISPLACEMENTS ON SLOPE

26%

26%

19%

29%

29%

32%

27%

31%

30%

36%

33%

35%

29%

32%

32%

38%

39%

35%

33%

31%

35%

11%

6%

7%

8%

7%

3%

4%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Zona Port

Ciutat Vella

Eixample

Les Corts

Gràcia

Sant Andreu

TOTAL

% usersAlways Many times Some times Never



Studies execution:

• Studies abut mobility: • Demand analysis:

• Origin/destiny matrix• Self control by neighbourhood and zones• Schedule distribution• Stations imbalance

• Supply analysis:• Territorial coverage• Agility of the system

• Search of alternatives for demand management, and improve/adapt the supply

• Studies about operative optimization: • Analysis: problems detection• System resizing

• Stations, slots, bicycles, redistribution systems, etc.

IMPROVEMENT MEASURES


Improvement proposal:

Most saturated and/or unbalanced zones boost:

•Short term measures• Suggest to Clear Channel a replacement route reorganization by zones, to give an

homogeneous service to unattended zones with minimum costs • Densification of clusters at zones where the storage capacity is insufficient,

extending the current stations when is possible, or opening new stations near to the existing ones

• At new programmed stations (Sants),preferably stations with 60 slots (2x30)

• Long term measures

• Periodic revision of the clusters zoning, the stock planning, and the van assignment, as the demand increase

• Use of a station stock control tool, for visits reassignment

CL027 PLAÇA CATALUNYA

CL029 BARCELONETA

CL030 HOSPITAL DEL MAR

CL032 VILA OLÍMPICA

CL034 UPF



Improvement proposal:

• Solve of redistribution problems:• Access problems to some stations• Action protocol

• Security improvement• Minimize the traffic affectation

• Revision of the service levels requirements (contract conditions).

• Improve on demand management:• Incentive for customers Auto-balance of the system



28 km of new cycle lanes

More bicycle parking places (from 14,000

to 25,000)

More 30 Zones(car-bicycle co-existence)

Improved safety for existing cycle lanes

Barcelona: GLOBAL BICYCLE PROMOTION

Public bikes in Barcelona - IMPACTS Pineda... · More than 10 times Between 5 and 10 times ... Each...

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