PSYCHOLOGY…AND MEDICINE

Zsolt B. Major - 4081237@t-email.hu

11th lecture

Theories of personality

Other theories

Social learning theory

• Bandura

• Modeling

• Instrumental (rewarded) conditioning

• Classical (emotional based) conditioning

Approach of learning methods

• Tabula rasa

• Allegory of Darwin:the adaptive behavioral pattern locks

Phenomenological approach

• Love

• = Acceptance

• Positive point of view

• Child care:

(find out the good in everybody!)

Theories of pesonality

Personality

Continuity of it…?!Scripts

reactive-evocative-proactive interactions

Games people play

Orderliness…

Szondi-principle (from agression, as basic property trait sy will become murder,

other butcher…)

Positiv vs. Negativ „Pygmalion” (self-fulfilling

processes)!

There are constant traits AND unique, special variences -

The aim is to be able to make reliable forecasts AND understand and manage the unique variences too!!

Would you be able to extinguish a human life?!

Personality = personality + situation, context, etc.!!

See Ethic too!!

Theories of pesonality

PERSONALITY – OTHER APPROACHES – practical benefits:

Social modeling – see lay image, fantasy about doctors transmitted by the madical TV-series…

Phenomenologhical approach – see the justice&charity as basic ethical principles

Empathy = look behind the surface: understand and acceptance of patient’s different culture, norms…

…and for this to understand what could happen in the personality…!

Development of your own personality

Questions..?

Developmental psychologyBowlby: „Good enogh” mother for the baby!!!

=calculable to him/her, listen&respond to the baby’s real needs, for the baby should feel the mather’s care

about his real life…!

SEE IMPORTANCE OF CALCULABLE BEHAVIOR…!!

External environmental impact:Importance of the primary (love) relationship!

Ainsworthexperiment:

• Safety affection

• Uncertain affection – avoident

• Uncertain affection – ambivalent

• Disconcerted

Developmental psychology

Harlow experiment:

Hairy brooder stove(expletive mother

imitation)Vs.

Cold, bare one

…How is forming our personality?

Long ago: Today:A baby…

= insensitive human being

= although helpless, but his senses are working; and his conscious (on

his level) too…!!

Feel/sense:

• Sight

• Hearing (head turning)

• Smelling („Turns” to the sweet smell, or to the familiar fragnance)

Researches, experiments:

• Observation• Habituation –

dishabituation(if he can recognize, detect the different between 2 status of stimulus’s)

Developmental psychology

Developmental psychology

…both…!!

Nature or nurture?

Developmental maturation (periodic vs. continous…??)

Environment (critical periods!)

There are both specific sections and individual differences too:

• Climb

• Sit

• Stand

• Temperament (see reactive-evocative interaction!)

• Eyesight (eg. Congenital Cataract must be operated before 2 months of age!)

• Development of personality: 1-6 months of age, or, 1-3 age!! – See Child care!!

Enviromental impacts may make affect on the maturation process:

Development of…:

• Perception, sensation (see sensoral deprivation!)

• Cognitive, conceptual, language

• Personality - emotional• Social

Developmental psychology

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY – practical benefits:

Examination of young children – backlog, injury,etc…

In case of familiar conflicts ability to recognize the degree of hazard… (Sign to the guardianship)

The children are always just the symptom-bearings – help to the whole family: eg. When seeing an ambivalent affection from the child… The parent will accept our opinion, help just if we have a good relationship with her (see communicational practice!)(because the parent’s self-image will protect himself: obviously the parent will think about herself, that she is a good parent…)

See psychosomatics too: primary-secundary sickness-benefits – the parent’s attention, listening is the reward to the children…!

Questions..?

SPECIALITIES OF THE ADOLESCENCE…SPECIALITIES OF THE ADOLESCENCE…

Questions & Uncertainty:Questions & Uncertainty:

„„Who am I?”Who am I?”

„„Where did I come Where did I come from?”from?”

„„Where do I go?”Where do I go?”

„„In what to belive?”In what to belive?”

„„Where is my place in the world…?”Where is my place in the world…?”

HUMAN VALUES:

Shows directions in the Life – what to do, where to go, how behave, etc…

AFTER COGNITION & ANALYISIS OF THEM…!

Developmental psychologyLong-life development!

Erik Erikson

Let’s look into ourselves… - raise up the hand who has no more question about himself, about the world…?

ACHIEVEMENT OF IDINTITY

FORE-CLOSURE

MORATORIUMIDENTITY

DIFFUSION

Detect a problem have to be solved?

Is it solved?

Yes

Yes

No

No

„LIFE TASKS”For example:

• Hurt/miss of trust: „good or bad…?”

• Hurt/miss of autonomy: „you don’t have the right to have your own feelings, decisons: must be eated even if it’s not well for you…”

• Intimacy is the prerequisite of achievment of identity (early adulthood)

• Middle life (creator) crisis – „Closing time panic”) (adulthood)

• Emptyness of our life vs. Satisfaction with it (old ages)

Developmental psychologyLong-life development!

Erik Erikson

DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY – practical benefits:

Erikson’s olda age’s life task… - see individual psychology: to belong somewhere, compensate the value-less feeling= care about older community development

You have to care with the patient’s soul too: life tasks, crisis’s in adolescence, middle life, and so on…!

Psychosomatics…!

Your own development: your (professional) credo, established point of view, the organization of your life, solving your own crisis’s…!!

You are working with your personalityy too: let’s care about it!

Questions..?

Questions and answers…

E-mail: 4081237@t-email.hu

END of the 11th lecture

Thank you for your attention!

Litterature:

Atkinson & Hilgard.: Psychologyp. p. 460-501. 68-107.

Always the related content to the lecture’s theme!

ECLETICISM…!!! –Eg. The development of gender

identity

• PsychoanaliticsOedipus conflict - and it’s solution

• Biological approachadolescence- hormones – self-image adolescence – hormones – self-image(girls have more chaos…) -> it can be one of the reasons of conflicts with parents

• Social learning theory

• Alignment to the gender vs.Gender identity

Experiences, opinions?

Developmental psychology

Early age / infancy: + -(REFLEXES)GOOD

„oncoming””BAD

„getting away”

MEMORY

Previous experiences, development of cognition

CONSCIOUS

DIFFERENTIATED EMOTIONS

Happiness, heartache, anger, fear, etc.

We can cope and navigate with&between…!

1

2

2

Adulthood: DE

VE

LO

PM

EN

T O

F P

ER

SO

NA

LIT

Y

HURT OF DEVELPOMENT OF EMOTIONS (THE PERSONALITY)

LACK OF THIS…!!!

2) Lack of Autonomy /stability, feeling of security2) Lack of Autonomy /stability, feeling of security

Or

3) Lack of positive self-image3) Lack of positive self-image

„It is bad to me = I am bad!”

„I am bad boy/girl.” =

Self-centered view of world = „Everything is happening to me could be caused just by me”

And we protect strongly our formed self-concept, as it gives us the security to navigate in the world

Eg. Treating children came from child care – understanding, acceptation of them and not to judge on them! (see at stereotypes…!)

Get relation with deviant adolescence: listen to his problemes, thinkings to him – wil growth the compliance, the cooperation (you are helper professionals – in broad range of meaning of it; see bio-

psycho-social approach)

Community development, prevention – trainings, informative, motivation lectures, etc

SELF-IMAGE/CONCEPT – Affect of emotions on it…

Long-life development:

ECLECTICISM

„LOOK BEHIND THE SURFACE!”

BIO-PSYCHO-SOCIAL APPROACH/MODEL!