PS150 UIIB.1 Development Models

8/10/2019 PS150 UIIB.1 Development Models

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Unit II: Country Studies

Dr. Carl Luna-- Fall 2014

PS 150

B. Less Developed

Countries

1. Devolution


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Multiple Worlds:Economics & Mode of

Production


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1st World = Post-Industrial (MDC)

US, Europe, Japan

Economics & Mode of

ProductionMultiple Worlds:


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3rd World = Pre-Industrial (LDC)

Africa, Asia, Middle East

Economics & Mode of



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2nd World = industrializing (TDC/NIC)

L. AM, East Asia

Economics & Mode of



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North v. South Debate


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1.Whos Responsible?


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1.Whos Responsible?

Internal or External causalities

2. Internal Causes: Neo-Liberal/Realist (North)


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1.Whos Responsible?



Modernization Theory


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1.Whos Responsible?




LDCs failure to modernize (become like

west/north)


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1.Whos Responsible?




LDCs failure to modernize (become like

west/north)

Global Trade = Cooperation = Positive sum

game


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3. External Causes: Radical/Realist (South)


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Dependency Theory


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Dependency Theory

MDC exploitation (neo-colonialism) of

LDCs


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Dependency Theory

MDC exploitation (neo-colonialism) of

LDCs

Global Trade = Competition = Negative sum

game


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MODERNIZATION THEORY


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1. Internal Focus on LDC


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Indigenous problems: Irrationalities


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Inefficient Traditional Societies


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Economies of Affection


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Corruption and weak rule of law

O A O O


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Corruption and weak rule of law

Autocracy/ Kleptocracy



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2.Three Components to Development



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Political: Democratization



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Social: Secularization



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Economic: Liberalization



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Economic: Liberalization

Economic to drive Politics



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3. Economic Liberalization



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Washington Consensus



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Market Privatization



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Trade Liberalization



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Capital Liberalization



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Capital Liberalization

Government Austerity



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4. Political Democratization



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Civil Society



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Civil Society

Develop NGO counterweights to state


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Rule of Law



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Rule of Law



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Rule of Law

Social Contract Rights



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Rule of Law


Property Rights



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Rule of Law


Property Rights

Institutional Transparency



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Rule of Law


Property Rights

Institutional Transparency

Democratic process


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5. Social Secularization



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Secular Civil Society



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Separation of Church and State



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Separation of Church and State

Social Equality (gender, ethnicity)



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Development of Consumer Ethos



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Societies of Trust



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Societies of Trust

-- Intra-Community


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Societies of Trust

-- Intra Community

-- Public-Government


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6. Negative Critique



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Eurocentric



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Eurocentric

Euro values ahistorical & nontransferable



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Overlooks Neo-Imperialism



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Overlooks Neo-Imperialism

Overestimates Neo-Liberalism


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7. Positive Critique



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Core Tenets have Historically Worked

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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DEPENDENCY THEORY


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1. Origins

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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1. Origins

Post WWII Collapse of Colonialism

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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1. Origins


Raul Prebisch, (1950)Economic Developmentof Latin America

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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1. Origins


Raul Prebisch, (1950)Economic Developmentof Latin America

Post colonialism = Same mercantile relationshipwithout political control

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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2. Key Assumptions

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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2. Key Assumptions

LDC poverty = External Causation

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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2. Key Assumptions


Neo-Liberalism = Failure

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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2. Key Assumptions


Neo-Liberalism = Failure

Neo-Liberalism = Neo-Colonialism

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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3. Failure of Neo-Liberalism

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Failure of Comp Adv: RM v. Industrial Goods

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Export & Import Dependency

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Failure of Aid

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Failure of Aid

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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4. Failure of Democratization

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Tool to create Comprador Class

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Co-opted domestic leaders dependent on

1st World & TNGI support

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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C-oopted domestic leaders dependent on

1st World & TNGI support

Creates Domestic Instability

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Fails to explain disparities in LDCdevelopment

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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1960: Singapore, Thailand & Ghana/Kenya

equal PCI


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DEPENDENCY THEORY


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1960: Singapore & Ghana equal PCI

Why China & not Nigeria?

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Long term Historical model = neo-liberal

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Evaluates limits to neo-liberalism

DEPENDENCY THEORY


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Evaluates limits to neo-liberalism Recognizes problems of inequality & power

PS150 UIIB.1 Development Models

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