PRS Slides for PowerPoint Chap 13 Theories of Personality Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009.

PRS Slides for PowerPoint

Chap 13

Theories of Personality

Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009

Definitional and Application Slides

2

Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

3

The division of the mind that is very similar to short term

memory in that it contains all the information a person is

currently using and aware of is called:

1. Conscious

2. Preconscious

3. Unconscious

4. Conscience

5. Subconscious

LO 13.2


4

The division of the mind that is very similar to short term

memory in that it contains all the information a person is

currently using and aware of is called:

1. Conscious (p. 519-520)

2. Preconscious

3. Unconscious

4. Conscience

5. Subconscious

LO 13.2


5

A person who experiences great hunger decides to just

push people out of the way on the line to a grocery store.

Which personality structure dominated the behavior of

this person?

1. Ego ideal

2. Superego

3. Id

4. Conscience

5. Libido

LO 13.2


6

A person who experiences great hunger decides to just

push people out of the way on the line to a grocery store.

Which personality structure dominated the behavior of

this person?

1. Ego ideal

2. Superego

3. Id (p. 520)

4. Conscience

5. Libido

LO 13.2


7

According to Freud, during what stage of personality

development do most children identify with the same sex

parent as a means of helping to develop appropriate

understanding of gender roles?

1. Oral

2. Anal

3. Phallic

4. Latency

5. Genital

LO 13.2


8

According to Freud, during what stage of personality

development do most children identify with the same sex

parent as a means of helping to develop appropriate

understanding of gender roles?

1. Oral

2. Anal

3. Phallic (p. 523-524)

4. Latency

5. Genital

LO 13.2


9

The Neo-Freudians (e.g., Jung, Horney) disagreed with all

of the following ideas of Freud’s psychoanalysis EXCEPT:

1. Great emphasis on sexuality in personality development

2. The unconscious as part of the mind that stores simple anxieties and sexual and aggressive urges

3. The idea that women are inferior to men, developing feelings such as penis envy

4. Little emphasis on the influence of social relationships on personality development

5. The use of defense mechanisms to mask anxiety

LO 13.3


10

The Neo-Freudians (e.g., Jung, Horney) disagreed with all

of the following ideas of Freud’s psychoanalysis EXCEPT:

1. Great emphasis on sexuality in personality development

2. The unconscious as part of the mind that stores simple anxieties and sexual and aggressive urges

3. The idea that women are inferior to men, developing feelings such as penis envy

4. Little emphasis on the influence of social relationships on personality development

5. The use of defense mechanisms to mask anxiety (p. 525-527)

LO 13.3


11

According to the strictest behaviorist view, personality

development is influenced primarily by ______________.

1. self-efficacy

2. reciprocal determinism

3. habits

4. self-concept

5. cognitive processes

LO 13.5


12

According to the strictest behaviorist view, personality

development is influenced primarily by ______________.

1. self-efficacy

2. reciprocal determinism

3. habits (p. 529)

4. self-concept

5. cognitive processes

LO 13.5


13

Jessica has experienced many successes in playing

basketball and is encouraged by others of her competence;

however, she has a low assessment of her basketball

abilities. She is most likely to:

1. Have very high self-efficacy

2. Have very low self-efficacy

3. Have moderate self-efficacy

4. Never expect to succeed in basketball in the future

5. Avoid playing basketball again in the future

LO 13.5


14

Jessica has experienced many successes in playing

basketball and is encouraged by others of her competence;

however, she has a low assessment of her basketball

abilities. She is most likely to:

1. Have very high self-efficacy

2. Have very low self-efficacy

3. Have moderate self-efficacy (p. 530)

4. Never expect to succeed in basketball in the future

5. Avoid playing basketball again in the future

LO 13.5


15

Billy’s parents show him love and affection when he

brings home a report card with straight As. When he does

not receive straight As in school, his parents become

distant and cold. It is likely that Billy is experiencing

_______________________.

1. conditional positive regard

2. unconditional positive regard

3. self-actualization

4. mismatch between real self and ideal self

5. full functioning

LO 13.6


16

Billy’s parents show him love and affection when he

brings home a report card with straight As. When he does

not receive straight As in school, his parents become

distant and cold. It is likely that Billy is experiencing

_______________________.

1. conditional positive regard (p. 532)

2. unconditional positive regard

3. self-actualization

4. mismatch between real self and ideal self

5. full functioning

LO 13.6


17

Which of the following statements about trait theories is

FALSE?

1. They can be used to describe behavior.

2. They can be used to predict behavior.

3. They can be used to explain behavior.

4. Traits involve consistent, enduring ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

5. They are not very concerned with changing an individual’s personality.

LO 13.7


18

Which of the following statements about trait theories is

FALSE?

1. They can be used to describe behavior.

2. They can be used to predict behavior.

3. They can be used to explain behavior. (p. 534)

4. Traits involve consistent, enduring ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

5. They are not very concerned with changing an individual’s personality.

LO 13.7


19

Organized, reliable, neat, and ambitious are all _________

traits of the more basic trait of consciousness.

1. source

2. surface

3. temperament

4. cardinal

5. character

LO 13.7


20

Organized, reliable, neat, and ambitious are all _________

traits of the more basic trait of consciousness.

1. source

2. surface (p. 535-536)

3. temperament

4. cardinal

5. character

LO 13.7


21

Which of the following Big Five personality traits is

associated with traits such as good natured, trusting, and

helpful?

1. Openness

2. Agreeableness

3. Neuroticism

4. Consciousness

5. Extraversion

LO 13.7


22

Which of the following Big Five personality traits is

associated with traits such as good natured, trusting, and

helpful?

1. Openness

2. Agreeableness (p. 536)

3. Neuroticism

4. Consciousness

5. Extraversion

LO 13.7


23

Twin studies examining the influence of biology on

personality suggest that personality traits have a heritability

of ____________.

1. 25-50%

2. 5-10%

3. 75-90%

4. 95-99%

5. 0-4%

LO 13.8


24

Twin studies examining the influence of biology on

personality suggest that personality traits have a heritability

of ____________.

1. 25-50% (p. 538-539)

2. 5-10%

3. 75-90%

4. 95-99%

5. 0-4%

LO 13.8


25

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of Hofstede’s

dimensions of cultural personality?

1. Individualism/collectivism

2. Power distance

3. Masculinity/femininity

4. Uncertainty avoidance

5. Universal rituals

LO 13.8


26

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of Hofstede’s

dimensions of cultural personality?

1. Individualism/collectivism

2. Power distance

3. Masculinity/femininity

4. Uncertainty avoidance

5. Universal rituals (p. 539-540)

LO 13.8


27

In a job interview, Jack accidentally stumbles over a chair

as he approaches his potential employer to shake his hand.

From that point on, the employer perceives everything that

Jack says as evidence to suggest that he is clumsy and

careless. This is an example of what?

1. Halo effect

2. Projection

3. Subjectivity of interview methods

4. Social desirability bias

5. The effect of the interviewer’s belief systems or prejudices

LO 13.9


28

In a job interview, Jack accidentally stumbles over a chair

as he approaches his potential employer to shake his hand.

From that point on, the employer perceives everything that

Jack says as evidence to suggest that he is clumsy and

careless. This is an example of what?

1. Halo effect (p. 542)

2. Projection

3. Subjectivity of interview methods

4. Social desirability bias

5. The effect of the interviewer’s belief systems or prejudices

LO 13.9


29

Which of the following methods would most likely be used

by a psychoanalyst to assess personality?

1. Projective tests

2. Interview

3. Direct observation

4. Inventory

5. Case studies

LO 13.9


30

Which of the following methods would most likely be used

by a psychoanalyst to assess personality?

1. Projective tests (p. 542-543)

2. Interview

3. Direct observation

4. Inventory

5. Case studies

LO 13.9


31

The personality test that is most concerned with assessing

abnormalities in personality is called:

1. Keirsey Temperament Sorter

2. Myers-Briggs Inventory

3. MMPI-2

4. Big Five Personality Inventory

5. Eysenck Personality Questionnaire

LO 13.9


32

The personality test that is most concerned with assessing

abnormalities in personality is called:

1. Keirsey Temperament Sorter

2. Myers-Briggs Inventory

3. MMPI-2 (p. 545-546)

4. Big Five Personality Inventory

5. Eysenck Personality Questionnaire

LO 13.9


Critical Thinking & Student Opinion Slides

33


Which is correct?

Similar upbringings lead to similarities in children’s personalities.

• True

• False

34


Which is correct?

Similar upbringings lead to similarities in children’s personalities.

• True

• False

35


Which is correct?

Inkblot tests are good indicators of underlying personality traits.

• True

• False

36


Which is correct?

Inkblot tests are good indicators of underlying personality traits.

• True

• False

37


Which is correct?

Freud believed that sex was the only important drive in personality.

• True

• False

38


Which is correct?

Freud believed that sex was the only important drive in personality.

• True

• False

39


Which is correct?

There is strong evidence for the concept of “national character.”

• True

• False

40


Which is correct?

There is strong evidence for the concept of “national character.”

• True

• False

41


A. eat off the first plate that you see

B. wait to buy your own food

Consider the following. What would you do?

You are very hungry. You go to the student center and

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A. Try to figure out a way to cheat

B. Try to make time to study


You have a big exam coming up, and you don’t have enough time to study. You

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A. Immediately scream at them

B. Try to talk to them to explain your feelings


You are very angry at your friend. You

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A. on all of them

B. Once

C. Twice

D. Three times

On the previous three questions, I answered “A” (id)

45


PRS Slides for PowerPoint Chap 13 Theories of Personality Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009.

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