Protective Wear Final Presentation

8/9/2019 Protective Wear Final Presentation

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Fabric And Garment Finishing

Protective FabricFinishes

National Institute Of Fashion Technology

By:Ankesh Dev

Bhavyaa Gupta



What is Protective Wear/Finish

Safety and protective textiles refer to garments and otherfabric-related items designed to protect the wearer from harshenvironmental effects that may result in injury or death

Safety and protective textiles are designed to protect peopleworking in the industry from one or more of the followinghazards:

± EXTREME HEAT AND FIRE

± EXTREME COLD

± HARMFUL CHEMICALS AND GASES

± BACTERIAL / VIRAL ENVIRONMENT



Classification



Fire Retardant

Textiles consist of highly ignitablematerials and are the primary source

of ignition. They contribute to rapidfire spread; however, reduction ofignitability can be obtained by

1. Reducing the Oxygen content of thefibre

2. Increasing the Moisture content ofthe fibre.



Continued«

A fabric is susceptible to fire because of its LOI(Limit Oxygen

Index)

To make the fabric flame resistant we have to reduce theoxygen content.

The Oxygen content is reduced by using Flame retardents.

Various Flame retardents are: ± Ammonium salts and organic

± Nitrogenous compounds, like amine; b) organic halogenated compounds; c) saltscontaining

± High quantities of crystallisation water.



Difference between Flame resistant and

Flame retardant«.????



Applications

Fire suits

In defense for tents, ropes, baggage and bags

In industry for workers uniform

Also used in curtains, hangings and decorative

materials.



Anti-Microbial Finish

Microbes are the tiniest creatures which are notvisible to the naked eye.

These microbes include: ± Bacteria

± Fungi

± Viruses

± Algae

These micro-organism not only harm the fabrics byinducing pungent smells and by degrading the fabricproperties but more over cause diseases to thehumans.



Necessity of Anti-Microbial

Finish To avoid cross infection by pathogenic

micro-organisms;

To control the infestation by microbes;

To arrest metabolism in microbes in orderto reduce the formation odour

To safeguard the textile products fromstaining, discolouration and qualitydeterioration.



Application Of Anti-Microbial

The antimicrobial agents can be applied to thetextile substrates by exhaust, pad-dry-cure,

coating, spray and foam techniques.

The substances can also be applied bydirectly adding into the fibre spinning dope.

It is claimed that the commercial agents canbe applied online during the dyeing and

finishing operations.



Type Of Anti-Microbials

Oxidizing agents such as aldehydes, halogens and proxy compounds attackthe cell membrane, get into the cytoplasm and affect the enzymes of themicroorganisms.

Coagulants, primarily alcohols irreversibly denature the protein structures.

Redical formers like halogens, isothiazones and peroxo compounds arehighly reactive due to the presence of free electrons compounds virtuallyreact with all organic structures in particular oxidizing thiols in amino acids.Even at the lowest level of concentrations, these substances pose particular

risk to nucleic acids by triggering mutations and dimerization.

One of the most durable type of antimicrobial products is based on adiphenyl ether (bis-phenyl) derivative known as either 2, 4, 4'-trichloro-2¶hydroxy dipenyl ether or 5-chloro-2-(2, 4-dichlorophenoxyl) phenol.



Triclosan products have been usedfor more than 25 years in hospitalsand personal care products such as

antimicrobial soap, toothpaste anddeodorants.

Triclosan inhibits growth ofmicroorganisms by using a electrochemical mode of action to penetrateand disrupt their cell walls. When thecell walls are penetrated, leakage ofmetabolites occurs and other cellfunctions are disabled, therebypreventing the organism fromfunctioning or reproducing.

Triclosan Structure



Natural Anti-Microbials

Chitosan is an effective natural antimicrobial agent derived

from Chitin.

Chitosan is a major component in crustacean shells.

Fibres made from Chitosan is also available in the market

place.

Natural herbal products can be used for antimicrobial finishes

since, there is a tremendous source of medicinal plants withantimicrobial composition to be the effective candidates in

bringing out herbal textiles.



Chitin-A look..!!

Fibrous Chitin



Application«.

Initially, the primary objective of the finish was to

protect textiles from being affected by microbes

particularly fungi. Uniforms, tents, defence textiles

and technical textiles, such as, geo-textiles havetherefore all been finished using antimicrobial

agents.

Later, the home textiles, such as, curtains coverings,

and bath mats came with antimicrobial finish.

The application of the finish is now extended to

textiles used for outdoor, healthcare sector,

Undergarments, sports and leisure.



Solution..

By reducing the static charge

By increasing the fabric

conductivity

By making the fibers more

hydrophilic.



Anti-Static Agents

Silicon Emulsion

PE Emulsion

PE Glycol

Poly-ammonium quaternary salts

Acrylic Polymers



Thermocat finish

A finishing agent for producing heat retaining

effect.

This type of finishing when applied to thefabric keeps it warm.

Produces heat retaining effect due to infrared

radiation owing to its porosity.

Especially suitable for 100% cellulose and its

blends.



Application

This Finish is used where there is need to

retain heat and the surrounding environment

is very cold like in the polar regions or can beworn in winters in cold countries.



Snocool Finish

This type of finish is used at places where there is a

need to feel cool and the surrounding temperature is

comparatively hot. The Snocool finish uses the concept of moisture

management.

It enhances the process of sweat absorption.

The sweat is evenly distributed in the fabric.

Thus it requires less time for the sweat to evaporate

and it gives a cooling effect to the wearer as the

sweat evaporates.



Mechanism of Snocool fabrics



Application

Its major application is in Sports wear where

immediate evaporation of sweat is required so

as to reduce discomfort and to impart comfort



Insect Repellent Finish

The term insect repellent

doesnt accurately reflect howthese materials work. They dont

actually repel insects, but rather

block the receptors that

mosquitoes, gnats, punkies, no-

see-ums and other insects use to

detect appropriate hosts for

them to bite.



Types of Insect-Repellants

DEET is an acronym for the long technical name: N, N-diethyl-meta-

toluamide .

Picaridin

Citronella

An ANTIMO MGL a menthoglycol is a natural insect repellent active

ingredient, derived from lemon eucalyptus, which is a natural and

renewable source.

Testing of Antimos MGL with a moderately aggressive cage population of

Aedes aegypti mosquitoes resulted in no bites up to at least 4 hours.



UV Protective fabrics

The UV Spectrum comprises of 2 rays:

± UVA

± UVB

The UVA is of larger wavelength and

penetrates the skin deeply and causes ageing.

The UVB is of shorter wavelength andpenetrates the superficial layers of the skin

and causes carcinoma.



U.V. Protectives

UV Protection depends upon

± The type of fibre

± Type of weave

UV protection in fabrics can be

incorporated into the yarn, using

UnifisMynx UV, or it can beapplied to the surface of the

fabric as a finish

This provided the fabric with

95% of UV Protection.



Application

Children Wear

Outdoor apparel

Active-wear (i.e. tennis, golf, and runningapparel)

Swimwear.



References

http://www.iitd.ac.in/events/file3.pdf

http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-

article/pdfdownload.asp?filename=2515&article=2515&status=new

handbook of technical textile Ed. By A R Horrocks and S C Anand.

http://www.bodyarmornews.com/img/faceguard.gif

http://www.rent-a-scientist.com/de/media.php?zeit

http://www.4shared.com

http://imghost1.indiamart.com/data2/DQ /Q V/MY-1047866/fire-

protection-suits-250x250.jpg

http://www.indiantextilejournal.com/articles/FAdetails.asp?id=507

http://www.fabriclink.com/Features/Assets/KAFall04UVprotection.pdf

Protective Wear Final Presentation

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