Protective textile
-
Upload
mukul-chandel -
Category
Documents
-
view
1.123 -
download
4
description
Transcript of Protective textile
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
c
C
10 broad categories
PROTECH (Protective textiles)
Technical
textiles
Agrotech Build
tech
Clothtech
Geotech
HometechIndu
tech
Medtech
Mobiltech
PROTECH
Sportech
INTRODUCTION
Nowadays safety and protective textile have become an integral part in one or other form. Safety and protective textile refer to garment and other fabric related items designed to protect the wearer from harsh environmental effects that may result in injury or death.
c
Textile used Industrial textile is used to protect from one or more of following
:-
Extreme heat and fire . Harmful chemicals and gases . Bacterial environment . Electric hazards . Radiation .
c
Selection Of Protective ClothingMaterials
Ballistic protection
Of the last 3,422 years, only 268 years have been free from armed conflicts somewhere in the world.
Defence
textiles
History Pre Twentieth century
Normally heavy & uncomfortable uniform for wear.Produced from natural fibers or heavy metal is used.Uncomfortable for soldiers.
Twentieth Century
Light weight & durable, many high performance fibers came into usage.
Twentieth century
Pre Twentieth
century
Materials Used• Earlier silk & metal was used.• But now high Performance fibres are used like
• Kevlar - Polyphenylene terephthalamide, 5 times stronger than steel. Properties like tensile strength at
low weight, low elongation at break, high modulus
high chemical resistance etc.
• Dyneema – polyethylene, 10-100 times stronger than steel. Properties like very high strength to weight ratio & light enough to float on water.
• Twaron - para-aramid, 5 times stronger than steel.
Cont…..• Spectra - polyethylene fibers.10-100 times stronger
than steel, high strength.
• Spider silk – protein, 25 times stronger than steel
c Requirement
Properties provided by
technical textiles
DURABILITY
COMFORT
LIGHT WEIGHT
FUNCTIONAL CRITERIA
PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTSPROPERTY COMMENTS
Light weight and low bulk Items have to be carried by individuals.
High durability and dimensional stability
Must operate reliably in adverse conditions
Good handle and drape comfortable
Low noise and antistatic No rustle and no sparks
ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
PROPERTY COMMENTS
Water-repellent, water proof & wind proof
For exterior materials exposed to cold weather
Thermally insulating For cold climates
Water vapour permeable For clothing and personel equipment
Rot-resistant For tents, covers, nets
UV resistant light Environment with sunlight
biodegradable If discarded or buried
CAMOUFLAGE, CONCEALMENT AND DECEPTION REQUIREMENTS
PROPERTY COMMENTS
Visual spectrum Exposed materials match visual colours
Ultra voilet In snow & ice regions
Near infrared To match reflectance of background
Far infrared To minimise heat emitted by humans & equipment
Acoustic emissions Rustle noises detected by microphones & sensors
TEXTILES FOR CAMOUFLAGE,CONCEALMENT & DECEPTION
-Under UV band:Titanium dioxide pigment as a coating-Under visible band:Khaki, brown, black and green colours used for uniforms.Light weight polyurethane or acrylic coated nylon.
-Under visible band:Khaki, brown, black and green colours used for uniforms.Light weight polyurethane or acrylic coated nylon
SPECIFIC BATTLE FIELD HAZARDS
TYPES COMMENTS
Ballistic fragments Bombs,grenades
Low & high velocity bullets Hand guns, pistols
Chemical & biological agents Blood agents, nerve agents, bacteria
ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS
PROPERTY COMMENTS
Easy care & min maintainance Non iron, smart
Long storage life & minimal cost War stock to be stored for 10-20 yrs
disposable Nuclear & chemical contamination
C
frag-ments
bullets other
59%
19% 22%
Causes for ballistic casualties in gen-
eral war
Causes of injuries
Improvised explosives devices
What is ballistic protection???
Principles of Construction
Fabric layers in the armor• Energy dissipation
and reduction
Weave• Plain balanced weave• More cross-over points• Large surface area .
Requirements • Ballistic performance• Comfortable clothing
Ballistic vest PASGT
construction Helmet/vest
combined protection
V50 = 1650 ft/s Reduce back-face
deformation by 15% Meets NIJ (national
institute of justicw)standards
10% lighterMaintains
performance even after exposure
Ballistic helmets
PASGT helmets 19 layers – Kevlar 29
Type II, polyvinyl butyral and phenol formaldehyde resins
Compressing molding technique
Ballistic and flame protection
V50 = 2000 ft/s
Lightweight PASGT helmets 34 layers – Kevlar
29 Type III Light weight CVC helmets –
super fragmentation resistance at lower weight
V50 = 2150 ft/s
Designing for ballistic protection
Ballistic resistanc
e material
Required degree of protection
Final weight of uniform
Comfort and ease
of movement
Blunt trauma
protection
steel1978
1992materials of today
500
720 750750
3836
3227
Ballistic material per-formance versus weight
ballistic limit (m/s) weight (oz/sq.ft)
c
Soft armour :-
20-30 layers stitched together.
Kevlar Spectra
Hard aemour :-
Multi-layered fabrics
Vinyl ester Epoxy
Levels of protection
no armor helmets are worn
armor is worn
armor and helmet is
worn
80%
61%
40%
15%
Casualty levels Total fatalities
when no armor is there
19% reduction when helmet is worn
40% reduction when armor is worn
65% reduction when helmet and armor is worn
This estimation in casualties is based on the troops standing in open, threatened by a
mortar bomb
Conclusions Gearing towards an integrated future
The general aims of future systems are: Improve protection against natural and battlefield threats Maintain thermo-physiological comfort or survival in extreme conditions Improve compatibility between and within different clothing components Reduce weight and bulk of materials Integrate functionality so that fewer layers provide multi layer
protection Reduce life cycle costs by making systems more effective, durable, and
recyclable and by buying few components in the system