Protec’ng the Poor – Be.er Data, Faster Response · • Food shortage and famine • Ethiopia,...

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Protec’ng the Poor – Be.er Data, Faster Response Group Discussion on how investments in systems can improve the speed, transparency, accountability and accuracy of scaling up safety nets in response to disasters

Transcript of Protec’ng the Poor – Be.er Data, Faster Response · • Food shortage and famine • Ethiopia,...

Page 1: Protec’ng the Poor – Be.er Data, Faster Response · • Food shortage and famine • Ethiopia, the only country not to increase poverty in the region • PSNP: • Expanded its

Protec'ngthePoor–Be.erData,FasterResponseGroupDiscussiononhowinvestmentsinsystemscanimprovethespeed,transparency,accountabilityandaccuracyofscalingupsafetynetsinresponsetodisasters

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1. Introductorypresenta'ononthetopicofusingsafetynetstorespondtodisasters[15mins]

2. Moderatedgroupdiscussiononsystemsrequiredforrapidresponse[30mins]

3. Rota'onoftables&repeat[30mins]

4. Summaryofdiscussion[10mins]

5. Finalwrapup[5mins]

Agenda: D I SASTER R E SPONS IVE SAFETY NET S

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GSURR–GSPDR–GMFDR 3 Source:MunichRe,2014

Thefrequencyandseverityofnaturaldisastersareincreasing,andmorepeoplearebeingaffected…

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At the same time, there are many challenges facing the current international system for disaster response…

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….thehumanitariancommunityisunderincreasingstraintomeetever-growingneeds-  Insufficientresourcestodeliveragainstrecord

needs.•  ExistenceofaUS$14billionhumanitarian

fundinggap(UNOCHAHumanitarianStatusReport,July2015).

-  Withhumanitariancrisesbecomingmorefrequentandmoreprotracted,thelinesbetweendevelopmentandhumanitarianareblurred.

•  Averagedura'onofhumanitariancrisisisnow17years.

•  85percentofhumanitarianaidisgoingtocountriesthathavebeenreceivingitformorethan3years.

…clientgovernmentsanddonorsfacemul=pleinefficiencies-  Currentpost-disasteraiddeliveryisnotcosteffec=ve.-  Fragmenta'onofresponseacrossmanyactorsandlack

ofcoordina=onleadstoinefficiencies.•  E.g.:inthePhilippines,inresponsetoYolanda

(2013),atleast45differentinterna'onalhumanitarianagenciesimplementedseparatecashtransferprograms–alongsidethena'onalsocialsafetynetprogram.

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…thisisul'matelytothedetrimentofthosemostinneed-par'cularlythepoorest,forwhompost-disastersupportisofen:

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1.  Receivedtoolatetopreventnega'vecopingstrategiesandtheworstimpactsoflivelihoodandassetloss.

2.   Notguaranteed/predictableandthereforecannotberelieduponorfactoredintohouseholddecisionmaking.

3.  Inthewrongformandnotwellalignedwithactualneeds(i.e.oneformofin-kindwhenanotherisneeded).

Figure1:Sample'melineofhumanitarianemergencyresponseinEthiopia

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SafetyNets,supportedbytherightsystems,canbeamoreeffec'veandefficientpost-disasterresponsemechanism

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Socialsafetynetshelppoorhouseholdstomanageshocks(bothidiosyncra'cshocks-unemployment,illnessetc.–aswellascovariateshocks-macroeconomic,conflict,naturaldisasters)

Disasterandclimaterisksareincreasing,asarevulnerabili'estotheserisksamongpoorhouseholdsduetorapidurbaniza'onandclimatechange

DisasterResponsiveSafetyNets(DR-SNs)canhelpgovernmentsenhancetheirexis'ngsocialprotec'onmechanismstoofferrapidand'melyassistancetovulnerablehouseholdsaffectedbynaturaldisasters,andsoincreasetheirresiliencetoshocks

ThereisagrowingmomentumgloballytoexplorehowDR-SNscanbeusedasafirstrespondertodisasterevent

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Figure2:Thecycleofpovertyandvulnerabilityresul'ngfromnaturaldisasters

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D I SASTER R E SPONS IVE SAFETY NET S

Pre-disasterassets

Disasterasset&livelihoodloss

Nega'vecoping

Recoveringfromdisasters

Assetre-accumula'on

DISA

STER

Repeat…

Fallinginto/backintopoverty

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WhatisaDisasterResponsiveSafetyNet?

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Benefitamount

Popula=on

Regularsafetynetprogrambeneficiaries

Regularbenefit

Regularprogrambeneficiaries(subsetofthepoor)

Scalabilitycomponent

PoornotinregularSPprogram/vulnerable/near-poor

Addi'onalgrantamount

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Breakingthecycleofpovertyandvulnerabilityresul'ngfromnaturaldisasterswithDR-SNs

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D I SASTER R E SPONS IVE SAFETY NET S

Pre-disasterassets

Disasterasset&livelihoodloss

DISA

STER

Thepoten=alimpactofDR-SNs

Suppor'nglostlivelihoodsandassetsthrough'melyinterven'onstoprotecthouseholdsfromfallingintopovertythroughnega'vecoping

Moreresilienthouseholds

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MinistriesofFinance

•  Havefinancialdecision-makingpower:•  Currentlyusedtodistributefundspost-disaster.•  Candomoretoinsistonfinancialplanninginadvance.

•  Haveconveningpower:•  Currentlyusedtobringmul'pleactorstogethertodeveloppost-disasterresponseplans.

•  Candomoretobringmul'pleministriesandactorstogethertoimproveprepara'onandcoordina'oninadvance.

•  Havefinancialriskmanagementskills/exper'se•  Currentlyusedpublicdebtmanagement(i.e.managementofinterestrateandcurrencyrisk),andmanagementofothercon'ngentliabili'es.

•  Candomoretotakesimilarrisk-informedviewofthefiscalandeconomiccostofdisastershocks.

•  Havepolicy-makingauthority•  Candomoretodefineroles/responsibili'es/liabili'es,expandthemenuoffinancialtools,andstrengthenlegisla've/regulatoryframeworks.

Ontheground: D I SASTER R E SPONS IVE SAFETY NET S

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DR-SNsrequire:1).Collabora=onandgreaterinterconnectednessamongthreekeyplayers;2).Priorinvestmentsinthesystemsnecessarytoenablerapidresponse.

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DisasterRiskManagementMinistries/AgenciesMacro-levelinforma=onandac=on• Createageospa'alunderstandingofprobabilityandimpactofnaturaleventsthroughdatagathering,managementandvisualiza'on–usedbyMoF.

• Implementriskreduc'onmeasuresandprepareforpost-disasterrecovery.

• Executepost-disasterrecoveryandreconstruc'onprograms.

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MinistryofSocialWelfare/SocialProtec=onSystemsMicro-level,householdinforma=onandprogramdelivery• Design&deliverprogramstoreachtoreachpoorandaffectedbeneficiaries.

• U'lizesasystemfortarge'ngbeneficiariesbasedon:1)inhighercapacitycountries,richdatabasesonincome/consump'onorproxiesforpovertyandvulnerability2)inlowercapacityenvironments,communitybasedtarge'ng.

• Managesnumerousotherrelevantinforma'onsystems,including:grievanceredresssystemtomanageinclusionandexclusionerrors;establishedpaymentsmechanismsforbenefitdelivery;pre-establishedmethodsforrigorousprogrammonitoringandevalua'on.

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Asimplifieddiagramofhowthekeylineministriescanworktogethertodesign,buildanddeliverDR-SNs

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Ex-AnteSystemsDevelopment

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MechanismsforEx-PostDelivery

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SCALABLE SOC IA L PROTECT ION

EXISTINGINFORMATIONSTRUCTURESLEVERAGED

TOCAPTUREDATAPROGRAMSCALESUPOPERATIONS BENEFITDELIVERY

SHOCK FUNDINGMADEAVAILABLE

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1.  Threetableshavebeensetupintheroom,eachwithachairandafacilitator:(1)Communityengagement;(2)Disasterriskmanagement,and;(3)Finance

2.  Chairwillgiveintroductorycommentsonthe‘nutsandbolts’systemsintheirdesignatedareathatarerequiredforsafetynetstoscaleupandspecificallyonhowdataiscaptured,transferredandusedindisasterscenariostoenablethistohappen[10-15mins]

3.  Groupdiscussiononhowsystemscouldworkintheircountry(orexperience)[c.20mins]

4.  Rotateandselectanothertable

5.  Repeatstep2&3

6.  Summaryofkeypointsdiscussedattables[10mins]

7.  Finalwrapupandsummary[5mins]

GroupDiscussionFormat: D I SASTER R E SPONS IVE SAFETY NET S

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ANNEX: D I SASTER R E SPONS IVE SAFETY NET S

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ThankYou

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Ethiopia’sProduc'veSafetyNetProgram•  Launchedin2005•  Reaching10millionfood-insecurepeopleinEthiopia

•  Temporaryworkupto6months/year

•  Cashtransferstothechronicpoorthatareunabletowork•  FinancedbyGovernmentofEthiopia($500m),WorldBank($600m)and11otherdevelopmentpartners

•  Mechanismstorespondtolocalandlargerscaleshocks

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www.slideproject.com

•  Foodshortageandfamine•  Ethiopia,theonlycountrynotto

increasepovertyintheregion•  PSNP:

•  Expandeditscoveragefrom6.5millionto9.6millionin2months

•  Extendedthedura'onofbenefitperiodfrom6mo/yrto9mo/yr.

PSNPandtheseveredroughtsinEastAfrica,2011

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Pakistan:Anevolu'onindisasterresponsivesafetynets

•  Highlydisasterpronecountry•  Highlevelsofpoverty•  Goodbankingsystem

•  Stronggovernmentcapacityforregisteringandtarge'ngbeneficiaries

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Pakistan: The evolution in response to disasters

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2005Earthquake:•  Responsecombinessafetynetstyperesponseforlivelihoodssupportandhousingreconstruc'oninaremote

area.•  Provescashtransfersareusefulfordisasterresponse,nascentsystemsdevelopedincludingMIS,grievance

redress,linkagestoBanksforpayments.2010Majorfloodresponse:•  U'lizessystemsandmechanismstestedin2005suchaspaymentsthroughbanks,useofna'onaldatabase

authoritytosupporttarge'ng,excellentMIS.•  Becomesblueprintforfutureprovincialfloodresponsesin2011,2012andon.Today:•  Afutureresponseac'onplanbasedonthecashtransferprogramwasapprovedbythePrimeMinister.•  CashtransfercostsnotconsideredaspartoffederalbudgetsoDRMteamdidanalysiscos'ngtohelp

Governmentconsidercostsofsuchresponses.•  Welldevelopedna'onalsafetynetinallpartsofthecountryandgrowingDRMawareness.

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The2015NepalEarthquake•  Aviolentearthquake,measuring7.8ontheRichterscale.•  En'revillagesinpredominantlyruralareaswithhighpovertyandlowconnec'vity

werefla.ened.•  Majordamagewasnotsomuchtoinfrastructure(li.leofwhichexisted)buttorural

houses.

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Responding to the Nepal earthquake together

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•  Thedayafertheearthquake,theWorldBank’sDRMandSPteamsbegancoordina'ngtheirresponse.TheDRMteambroughtexper'seonhousingconstruc'onguidelines,cos'ng,infrastructure,andsoon,whiletheSPteamassistedwithsurveydesign,targe'ng,paymentsystems,andpro-poorengagementthroughouttheengagement.

•  TheR2D2communityofprac'cewastriggeredandheldavideoconference–genera'ngvaluableaddi'onalideasandapproachesthattheteamcouldintegratedintotheprogram.

•  ExperiencegainedfromthePakistancaseofdevelopingaDRSNwasleveragedbythoseinthefield–throughtheR2D2community-anddirectlyappliedtotheNepalcase,offeringgreatercredibilitytotheinterven'on’sbeingproposedthere.


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