Proposed Change 879 - · PDF fileCanadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes 879 Committee:...

Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes 879

Committee: Earthquake Design (2010-08) Last modified: 2014-06-02 Page: 1/43

Proposed Change 879 Code Reference(s): NBC10 Div.B Appendix C Subject: Earthquake Load and Effects — Seismicity Title: Revisions to Appendix C and Table C-2 : Design Data for selected locations

in Canada_ Seismic Data Description: This PCF provides an overview of the changes to NBC seismic hazard

values resulting from new GMPE (Ground Motion Prediction Equations) for most locations in Canada, inclusion of Cascadia subduction source probabilistically to seismic hazard for areas of western Canada and the explicit inclusion of fault sources such as those in Haida Gwaii and the Yukon. It also provides updated values for Seismic Data in Table C-2, Design Values for Selected Locations in Canada, for NBC 2015.

PROPOSED CHANGE

Appendix C Climatic and Seismic Information for Building Design in Canada

Footnote: This Appendix is included for explanatory purposes only and does not form part of the requirements.

Introduction The great diversity of climate in Canada has a considerable effect on the performance of buildings; consequently, building design must reflect this diversity. This Appendix briefly describes how climatic design values are computed and provides recommended design data for a number of cities, towns, and lesser populated locations. Through the use of such data, appropriate allowances can be made for climate variations in different localities of Canada and the National Building Code can be applied nationally. The climatic design data provided in this Appendix are based on weather observations collected by the Atmospheric Environment Service, Environment Canada. The climatic design data have been researched and analyzed for the Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes by Environment Canada, and appear at the end of this Appendix in Table C-2., Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada. As it is not practical to list values for all municipalities in Canada, recommended climatic design values for locations not listed can be obtained by contacting the Atmospheric Environment Service, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Downsview, Ontario M3H 5T4, (416) 739-4365. It should be noted, however, that these recommended values may differ from the legal requirements set by provincial, territorial or municipal building authorities. The information on seismic hazard in spectral format has been provided by the Geological Survey of Canada of Natural Resources Canada. Information for municipalities not listed may be obtained through the Natural Resources Canada Web site at www.EarthquakesCanada.ca, or by writing to the Geological Survey of Canada at 7 Observatory Crescent, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0Y3, or at P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, B.C. V8L 4B2.

General The choice of climatic elements tabulated in this Appendix and the form in which they are expressed have been dictated largely by the requirements for specific values in several sections of the National Building Code of Canada 2010. These elements include the Ground Snow Loads, Wind Pressures, Design Temperatures, Heating Degree-Days, One-Day and 15-Minute Rainfalls, the Annual Total Precipitation values and Seismic Data. The following notes briefly explain the significance of these particular elements in building design, and indicate which weather observations were used and how they were analyzed to yield the required design values. In Table C-2., Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada (referred to in this Appendix as the Table), design weather recommendations and elevations are listed for over 600 locations, which have been chosen based on a variety of reasons. Many incorporated cities and towns with significant populations are included unless located close to larger cities. For sparsely populated areas, many smaller towns and villages are listed. Other locations have been added to the list when the demand for climatic design recommendations at these sites has been significant. The named locations refer to the specific latitude and longitude defined by the Gazetteer of Canada (Natural Resources Canada), available from Publishing and Depository Services Canada, Public Works and Government Services Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0S5. The elevations are given in metres and refer to heights above sea level. Almost all of the weather observations used in preparing the Table were, of necessity, observed at inhabited locations. To estimate design values for arbitrary locations, the observed or computed values for the weather stations were mapped and interpolated appropriately. Where possible, adjustments have been applied for the influence of elevation and known topographical effects. Such

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influences include the tendency of cold air to collect in depressions, for precipitation to increase with elevation, and for generally stronger winds near large bodies of water. Elevations have been added to the Table because of their potential to significantly influence climatic design values. Since interpolation from the values in the Table to other locations may not be valid due to local and other effects, Environment Canada will provide climatic design element recommendations for locations not listed in the Table. Local effects are particularly significant in mountainous areas, where the values apply only to populated valleys and not to the mountain slopes and high passes, where very different conditions are known to exist.

Changing and Variable Climates Climate is not static. At any location, weather and climatic conditions vary from season to season, year to year, and over longer time periods (climate cycles). This has always been the case. In fact, evidence is mounting that the climates of Canada are changing and will continue to change significantly into future. When estimating climatic design loads, this variability can be considered using appropriate statistical analysis, data records spanning sufficient periods, and meteorological judgement. The analysis generally assumes that the past climate will be representative of the future climate. Past and ongoing modifications to atmospheric chemistry (from greenhouse gas emissions and land use changes) are expected to alter most climatic regimes in the future despite the success of the most ambitious greenhouse gas mitigation plans.(10) Some regions could see an increase in the frequency and intensity of many weather extremes, which will accelerate weathering processes. Consequently, many buildings will need to be designed, maintained and operated to adequately withstand ever changing climatic loads. Similar to global trends, the last decade in Canada was noted as the warmest in instrumented record. Canada has warmed, on average, at almost twice the rate of the global average increase, while the western Arctic is warming at a rate that is unprecedented over the past 400 years.(10) Mounting evidence from Arctic communities indicates that rapid changes to climate in the North have resulted in melting permafrost and impacts from other climate changes have affected nearly every type of built structure. Furthermore, analyses of Canadian precipitation data shows that many regions of the country have, on average, also been tending towards wetter conditions.(10)

In the United States, where the density of climate monitoring stations is greater, a number of studies have found an unambiguous upward trend in the frequency of heavy to extreme precipitation events, with these increases coincident with a general upward trend in the total amount of precipitation. Climate change model results, based on an ensemble of global climate models worldwide, project that future climate warming rates will be greatest in higher latitude countries such as Canada.(11)

January Design Temperatures A building and its heating system should be designed to maintain the inside temperature at some pre-determined level. To achieve this, it is necessary to know the most severe weather conditions under which the system will be expected to function satisfactorily. Failure to maintain the inside temperature at the pre-determined level will not usually be serious if the temperature drop is not great and if the duration is not long. The outside conditions used for design should, therefore, not be the most severe in many years, but should be the somewhat less severe conditions that are occasionally but not greatly exceeded. The January design temperatures are based on an analysis of January air temperatures only. Wind and solar radiation also affect the inside temperature of most buildings and may need to be considered for energy-efficient design. The January design temperature is defined as the lowest temperature at or below which only a certain small percentage of the hourly outside air temperatures in January occur. In the past, a total of 158 stations with records from all or part of the period 1951-66 formed the basis for calculation of the 2.5 and 1% January temperatures. Where necessary, the data were adjusted for consistency. Since most of the temperatures were observed at airports, design values for the core areas of large cities could be 1 or 2°C milder, although the values for the outlying areas are probably about the same as for the airports. No adjustments were made for this urban island heat effect. The design values for the next 20 to 30 years will probably differ from these tabulated values due to year-to-year climate variability and global climate change resulting from the impact of human activities on atmospheric chemistry. The design temperatures were reviewed and updated using hourly temperature observations from 480 stations for a 25-year period up to 2006 with at least 8 years of complete data. These data are consistent with data shown for Canadian locations in the 2009 Handbook of Fundamentals(12) published by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). The most recent 25 years of record were used to provide a balance between accounting for trends in the climate and the sampling variation owing to year-to-year variation. The 1% and 2.5% values used for the design conditions represent percentiles of the cumulative frequency distribution of hourly temperatures and correspond to January temperatures that are colder for 8 and 19 hours, respectively, on average over the long term. The 2.5% January design temperature is the value ordinarily used in the design of heating systems. In special cases, when the control of inside temperature is more critical, the 1% value may be used. Other temperature-dependent climatic design parameters may be considered for future issues of this document.

July Design Temperatures A building and its cooling and dehumidifying system should be designed to maintain the inside temperature and humidity at certain pre-determined levels. To achieve this, it is necessary to know the most severe weather conditions under which the system is expected to function satisfactorily. Failure to maintain the inside temperature and humidity at the pre-determined levels will usually not be serious if the increases in temperature and humidity are not great and the duration is not long. The outside conditions used for design

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should, therefore, not be the most severe in many years, but should be the somewhat less severe conditions that are occasionally but not greatly exceeded. The summer design temperatures in this Appendix are based on an analysis of July air temperatures and humidities. Wind and solar radiation also affect the inside temperature of most buildings and may, in some cases, be more important than the outside air temperature. More complete summer and winter design information can be obtained from Environment Canada. The July design dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures were reviewed and updated using hourly temperature observations from 480 stations for a 25-year period up to 2006. These data are consistent with data shown for Canadian locations in the 2009 Handbook of Fundamentals(12) published by ASHRAE. As with January design temperatures, data from the most recent 25-year period were analyzed to reflect any recent climatic changes or variations. The 2.5% values used for the dry- and wet-bulb design conditions represent percentiles of the cumulative frequency distribution of hourly dry- and wet-bulb temperatures and correspond to July temperatures that are higher for 19 hours on average over the long term.

Heating Degree-Days The rate of consumption of fuel or energy required to keep the interior of a small building at 21°C when the outside air temperature is below 18°C is roughly proportional to the difference between 18°C and the outside temperature. Wind speed, solar radiation, the extent to which the building is exposed to these elements and the internal heat sources also affect the heat required and may have to be considered for energy-efficient design. For average conditions of wind, radiation, exposure, and internal sources, however, the proportionality with the temperature difference generally still holds. Since the fuel required is also proportional to the duration of the cold weather, a convenient method of combining these elements of temperature and time is to add the differences between 18°C and the mean temperature for every day in the year when the mean temperature is below 18°C. It is assumed that no heat is required when the mean outside air temperature for the day is 18°C or higher. Although more sophisticated computer simulations using other forms of weather data have now almost completely replaced degree- day-based calculation methods for estimating annual heating energy consumption, degree-days remain a useful indicator of relative severity of climate and can form the basis for certain climate-related Code requirements. The degree-days below 18°C were compiled for 1300 stations for the 25-year period ending in 2006. This analysis period is consistent with the one used to derive the design temperatures described above and with the approach used by ASHRAE.(12)

A difference of only one Celsius degree in the mean annual temperature will cause a difference of 250 to 350 in the Celsius degree- days. Since differences of 0.5 of a Celsius degree in the mean annual temperature are quite likely to occur between two stations in the same town, heating degree-days cannot be relied on to an accuracy of less than about 100 degree-days. Heating degree-day values for the core areas of larger cities can be 200 to 400 degree-days less (warmer) than for the surrounding fringe areas. The observed degree-days, which are based on daily temperature observations, are often most representative of rural settings or the fringe areas of cities.

Climatic Data for Energy Consumption Calculations The climatic elements tabulated in this Appendix represent commonly used design values but do not include detailed climatic profiles, such as hourly weather data. Where hourly values of weather data are needed for the purpose of simulating the annual energy consumption of a building, they can be obtained from multiple sources, such as Environment Canada, Natural Resources Canada, the Regional Conservation Authority and other such public agencies that record this information. Hourly weather data are also available from public and private agencies that format this information for use with annual energy consumption simulation software; in some cases, these data have been incorporated into the software.

Snow Loads The roof of a building should be able to support the greatest weight of snow that is likely to accumulate on it in many years. Some observations of snow on roofs have been made in Canada, but not enough to form the basis for estimating roof snow loads throughout the country. Similarly, observations of the weight, or water equivalent, of the snow on the ground have not been available in digital form in the past. The observations of roof loads and water equivalents are very useful, as noted below, but the measured depth of snow on the ground is used to provide the basic information for a consistent set of snow loads. The estimation of the design snow load on a roof from snow depth observations involves the following steps:

1. The depth of snow on the ground, which has an annual probability of exceedance of 1-in-50, is computed. 2. The appropriate unit weight is selected and used to convert snow depth to loads, Ss. 3. The load, Sr, which is due to rain falling on the snow, is computed. 4. Because the accumulation of snow on roofs is often different from that on the ground, adjustments are applied to the ground

snow load to provide a design snow load on a roof. The annual maximum depth of snow on the ground has been assembled for 1618 stations for which data has been recorded by the Atmospheric Environment Service (AES). The period of record used varied from station to station, ranging from 7 to 38 years. These data were analyzed using a Gumbel extreme value distribution fitted using the method of moments(1) as reported by Newark et al.(2)

The resulting values are the snow depths, which have a probability of 1-in-50 of being exceeded in any one year.

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The unit weight of old snow generally ranges from 2 to 5 kN/m3, and it is usually assumed in Canada that 1 kN/m3 is the average for new snow. Average unit weights of the seasonal snow pack have been derived for different regions across the country(3) and an appropriate value has been assigned to each weather station. Typically, the values average 2.01 kN/m3 east of the continental divide (except for 2.94 kN/m3 north of the treeline), and range from 2.55 to 4.21 kN/m3 west of the divide. The product of the 1-in-50 snow depth and the average unit weight of the seasonal snow pack at a station is converted to the snow load (SL) in units of kilopascals (kPa). Except for the mountainous areas of western Canada, the values of the ground snow load at AES stations were normalized assuming a linear variation of the load above sea level in order to account for the effects of topography. They were then smoothed using an uncertainty-weighted moving-area average in order to minimize the uncertainty due to snow depth sampling errors and site-specific variations. Interpolation from analyzed maps of the smooth normalized values yielded a value for each location in the Table, which could then be converted to the listed code values (Ss) by means of an equation in the form:

where b is the assumed rate of change of SL with elevation at the location and Z is the location’s elevation above mean sea level (MSL). Although they are listed in the Table of Design Data to the nearest tenth of a kilopascal, values of Ss typically have an uncertainty of about 20%. Areas of sparse data in northern Canada were an exception to this procedure. In these regions, an analysis was made of the basic SL values. The effects of topography, variations due to local climates, and smoothing were all subjectively assessed. The values derived in this fashion were used to modify those derived objectively. For the mountainous areas of British Columbia, Yukon, and the foothills area of Alberta, a more complex procedure was required to account for the variation of loads with terrain and elevation. Since the AES observational network often does not have sufficient coverage to detail this variability in mountainous areas, additional snow course observations were obtained from the provincial and territorial governments of British Columbia, Yukon, and Alberta. The additional data allowed detailed local analysis of ground snow loads on a valley-by-valley basis. Similar to other studies, the data indicated that snow loads above a critical or reference level increased according to either a linear or quadratic relation with elevation. The determination of whether the increase with elevation was linear or quadratic, the rate of the increase and the critical or reference elevation were found to be specific to the valley and mountain ranges considered. At valley levels below the critical elevation, the loads generally varied less significantly with elevation. Calculated valley- and range-specific regression relations were then used to describe the increase of load with elevation and to normalize the AES snow observations to a critical or reference level. These normalized values were smoothed using a weighted moving-average. Tabulated values cannot be expected to indicate all the local differences in Ss. For this reason, especially in complex terrain areas, values should not be interpolated from the Table for unlisted locations. The values of Ss in the Table apply for the elevation and the latitude and longitude of the location, as defined by the Gazetteer of Canada. Values at other locations can be obtained from Environment Canada. The heaviest loads frequently occur when the snow is wetted by rain, thus the rain load, Sr, was estimated to the nearest 0.1 kPa and is provided in the Table. When values of Sr are added to Ss, this provides a 1-in-50-year estimate of the combined ground snow and rain load. The values of Sr are based on an analysis of about 2100 weather station values of the 1-in-50-year one-day maximum rain amount. This return period is appropriate because the rain amounts correspond approximately to the joint frequency of occurrence of the one-day rain on maximum snow packs. For the purpose of estimating rain on snow, the individual observed one-day rain amounts were constrained to be less than or equal to the snow pack water equivalent, which was estimated by a snow pack accumulation model reported by Bruce and Clark.(4)

The results from surveys of snow loads on roofs indicate that average roof loads are generally less than loads on the ground. The conditions under which the design snow load on the roof may be taken as a percentage of the ground snow load are given in Subsection 4.1.6. of the Code. The Code also permits further decreases in design snow loads for steeply sloping roofs, but requires substantial increases for roofs where snow accumulation may be more rapid due to such factors as drifting. Recommended adjustments are given in the User’s Guide – NBC 2010, Structural Commentaries (Part 4 of Division B).

Annual Total Precipitation Total precipitation is the sum in millimetres of the measured depth of rainwater and the estimated or measured water equivalent of the snow (typically estimated as 0.1 of the measured depth of snow, since the average density of fresh snow is about 0.1 that of water). The average annual total precipitation amounts in the Table have been interpolated from an analysis of precipitation observations from 1379 stations for the 30-year period from 1961 to 1990.

Annual Rainfall The total amount of rain that normally falls in one year is frequently used as a general indication of the wetness of a climate, and is therefore included in this Appendix. See also Moisture Index below.

Rainfall Intensity Roof drainage systems are designed to carry off rainwater from the most intense rainfall that is likely to occur. A certain amount of time is required for the rainwater to flow across and down the roof before it enters the gutter or drainage system. This results in the

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smoothing out of the most rapid changes in rainfall intensity. The drainage system, therefore, need only cope with the flow of rainwater produced by the average rainfall intensity over a period of a few minutes, which can be called the concentration time. In Canada, it has been customary to use the 15-minute rainfall that will probably be exceeded on an average of once in 10 years. The concentration time for small roofs is much less than 15 minutes and hence the design intensity will be exceeded more frequently than once in 10 years. The safety factors in the National Plumbing Code of Canada 2010 will probably reduce the frequency to a reasonable value and, in addition, the occasional failure of a roof drainage system will not be particularly serious in most cases. The rainfall intensity values were updated for the 2010 edition of the Code using observations of annual maximum 15-minute rainfall amounts from 485 stations with 10 or more years of record, including data up to 2007 for some stations. Ten-year return period values—the 15-minute rainfall having a probability of 1-in-10 of being exceeded in any year— were calculated by fitting the annual maximum values to the Gumbel extreme value distribution(1) using the method of moments. The updated values are compiled from the most recent short-duration rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) graphs and tables available from Environment Canada. It is very difficult to estimate the pattern of rainfall intensity in mountainous areas, where precipitation is extremely variable and rainfall intensity can be much greater than in other types of areas. Many of the observations for these areas were taken at locations in valley bottoms or in extensive, fairly level areas.

One-Day Rainfall If for any reason a roof drainage system becomes ineffective, the accumulation of rainwater may be great enough in some cases to cause a significant increase in the load on the roof. In previous editions of this information, it had been common practice to use the maximum one-day rainfall ever observed for estimating the additional load. Since the length of record for weather stations in Canada is quite variable, the maximum one-day rainfall amounts in previous editions often reflected the variable length of record at nearby stations as much as the climatology. As a result, the maximum values often differed greatly within relatively small areas where little difference should be expected. The current values have been standardized to represent the one-day rainfall amounts that have 1 chance in 50 of being exceeded in any one year or the 1-in-50-year return value one-day rainfalls. The one-day rainfall values were updated using daily rainfall observations from more than 3500 stations with 10 years or more of record, including data up to 2008 for some stations. The 50-year return period values were calculated by fitting the annual maximum one-day rainfall observations to the Gumbel extreme value distribution using the method of moments.(1)

Rainfall frequency observations can vary considerably over time and space. This is especially true for mountainous areas, where elevation effects can be significant. In other areas, small-scale intense storms or local influences can produce significant spatial variability in the data. As a result, the analysis incorporates some spatial smoothing.

Moisture Index (MI) Moisture index (MI) values were developed through the work of a consortium that included representatives from industry and researchers from the Institute for Research in Construction at NRC.10 The MI is an indicator of the moisture load imposed on a building by the climate and is used in Part 9 to define the minimum levels of protection from precipitation to be provided by cladding assemblies on exterior walls. It must be noted, in using MI values to determine the appropriate levels of protection from precipitation, that weather conditions can vary markedly within a relatively small geographical area. Although the values provided in the Table give a good indication of the average conditions within a particular region, some caution must be exercised when applying them to a locality that is outside the region where the weather station is located. MI is calculated from a wetting index (WI) and a drying index (DI).

Wetting Index (WI) To define, quantitatively, the rainwater load on a wall, wind speed and wind direction have to be taken into consideration in addition to rainfall, along with factors that can affect exposure, such as nearby buildings, vegetation and topography. Quantitative determination of load, including wind speed and wind direction, can be done. However, due to limited weather data, it is not currently possible to provide this information for most of the locations identified in the Table. This lack of information, however, has been shown to be non-critical for the purpose of classifying locations in terms of severity of rain load. The results of the research indicated that simple annual rainfall is as good an indicator as any for describing rainwater load. That is to say, for Canadian locations, and especially once drying is accounted for, the additional sensitivity provided by hourly directional rainfall values does not have a significant effect on the order in which locations appear when listed from wet to dry. Consequently, the wetting index (WI) is based on annual rainfall and is normalized based on 1000 mm.

Drying Index (DI) Temperature and relative humidity together define the drying capacity of ambient air. Based on simple psychrometrics, values were derived for the locations listed in the Table using annual average drying capacity normalized based on the drying capacity at Lytton, B.C. The resultant values are referred to as drying indices (DI).

Determination of Moisture Index (MI) The relationship between WI and DI to correctly define moisture loading on a wall is not known. The MI values provided in the Table are based on the root mean square values of WI and 1-DI, with those values equally weighted. This is illustrated in Figure C-1. The

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resultant MI values are sufficiently consistent with industry’s understanding of climate severity with respect to moisture loading as to allow limits to be identified for the purpose of specifying where additional protection from precipitation is required.

Figure [C-1] C-1 Derivation of moisture index (MI) based on normalized values for wetting index (WI) and drying index (DI)

Note to Figure C-1: (1) MI equals the hypotenuse of the triangle defined by WIN and 1-DIN

Driving Rain Wind Pressure (DRWP) The presence of rainwater on the face of a building, with or without wind, must be addressed in the design and construction of the building envelope so as to minimize the entry of water into the assembly. Wind pressure on the windward faces of a building will promote the flow of water through any open joints or cracks in the facade. Driving rain wind pressure (DRWP) is the wind load that is coincident with rain, measured or calculated at a height of 10 m. The values provided in the Table represent the loads for which there is 1 chance in 5 of being reached or exceeded in any one year, or a

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probability of 20% within any one year. Approximate adjustments for height can be made using the values for Ce given in Sentence 4.1.7.1.(5) as a multiplier. Because of inaccuracies in developing the DRWP values related to the averaging of extreme wind pressures, the actual heights of recording anemometers, and the use of estimated rather than measured rainfall values, the values are considered to be higher than actual loads(9) Thus the actual probability of reaching or exceeding the DRWP in a particular location is less than 20% per year and these values can be considered to be conservative. DRWP can be used to determine the height to which wind will drive rainwater up enclosed vertical conduits. This provides a conservative estimate of the height needed for fins in window extrusions and end dams on flashings to control water ingress. This height can be calculated as:

Note that the pressure difference across the building envelope may be augmented by internal pressures induced in the building interior by the wind. These additional pressures can be estimated using the information provided in the Commentary entitled Wind Load and Effects of the User’s Guide – NBC 2010, Structural Commentaries (Part 4 of Division B).

Wind Effects All structures need to be designed to ensure that the main structural system and all secondary components, such as cladding and appurtenances, will withstand the pressures and suctions caused by the strongest wind likely to blow at that location in many years. Some flexible structures, such as tall buildings, slender towers and bridges, also need to be designed to minimize excessive wind- induced oscillations or vibrations. At any time, the wind acting upon a structure can be treated as a mean or time-averaged component and as a gust or unsteady component. For a small structure, which is completely enveloped by wind gusts, it is only the peak gust velocity that needs to be considered. For a large structure, the wind gusts are not well correlated over its different parts and the effects of individual gusts become less significant. The User’s Guide – NBC 2010, Structural Commentaries (Part 4 of Division B) evaluates the mean pressure acting on a structure, provide appropriate adjustments for building height and exposure and for the influence of the surrounding terrain and topography (including wind speed-up for hills), and then incorporate the effects of wind gusts by means of the gust factor, which varies according to the type of structure and the size of the area over which the pressure acts. The wind speeds and corresponding velocity pressures used in the Code are regionally representative or reference values. The reference wind speeds are nominal one-hour averages of wind speeds representative of the 10 m height in flat open terrain corresponding to Exposure A or open terrain in the terminology of the User’s Guide – NBC 2010, Structural Commentaries (Part 4 of Division B). The reference wind speeds and wind velocity pressures are based on long-term wind records observed at a large number of weather stations across Canada. Reference wind velocity pressures in previous versions of the Code since 1961 were based mostly on records of hourly averaged wind speeds (i.e. the number of miles of wind passing an anemometer in an hour) from over 100 stations with 10 to 22 years of observations ending in the 1950s. The wind pressure values derived from these measurements represented true hourly wind pressures. The reference wind velocity pressures were reviewed and updated for the 2010 edition of the Code. The primary data set used for the analysis comprised wind records compiled from about 135 stations with hourly averaged wind speeds and from 465 stations with aviation (one- or two-minute average) speeds or surface weather (ten-minute average) speeds observed once per hour at the top of the hour; the periods of record used ranged from 10 to 54 years. In addition, peak wind gust records from 400 stations with periods of record ranging from 10 to 43 years were used. Peak wind gusts (gust durations of approximately 3 to 7 seconds) were used to supplement the primary once-per-hour observations in the analysis. Several steps were involved in updating the reference wind values. Where needed, speeds were adjusted to represent the standard anemometer height above ground of 10 m. The data from years when the anemometer at a station was installed on the top of a lighthouse or building were eliminated from the analysis since it is impractical to adjust for the effects of wind flow over the structure. (Most anemometers were moved to 10 m towers by the 1960s.) Wind speeds of the various observation types—hourly averaged, aviation, surface weather and peak wind gust—were adjusted to account for different measure durations to represent a one-hour averaging period and to account for differences in the surface roughness of flat open terrain at observing stations.

The annual maximum wind speed data was fitted to the Gumbel distribution using the method of moments(1) to calculate hourly wind speeds having the annual probability of occurrence of 1-in-10 and 1-in-50 (10-year and 50-year return periods). The values were plotted on maps, then analyzed and abstracted for the locations in Table C-2.. The wind velocity pressures, q, were calculated in Pascals using the following equation:

where ρ is an average air density for the windy months of the year and V is wind speed in metres per second. While air density depends on both air temperature and atmospheric pressure, the density of dry air at 0°C and standard atmospheric pressure of 1.2929 kg/m3 was

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used as an average value for the wind pressure calculations. As explained by Boyd(6), this value is within 10% of the monthly average air densities for most of Canada in the windy part of the year. As a result of the updating procedure, the 1-in-50 reference wind velocity pressures remain unchanged for most of the locations listed in Table C-2.; both increases and decreases were noted for the remaining locations. Many of the decreases resulted from the fact that anemometers at most of the stations used in the previous analysis were installed on lighthouses, airport hangers and other structures. Wind speeds on the tops of buildings are often much higher compared to those registered by a standard 10 m tower. Eliminating anemometer data recorded on the tops of buildings from the analysis resulted in lower values at several locations. Hourly wind speeds that have 1 chance in 10 and 50

Footnote: Wind speeds that have a one-in-”n”-year chance of being exceeded in any year can be computed from the one- in-10 and one-in-50 return values in the Table using the following equation:

of being exceeded in any one year were analyzed using the Gumbel extreme value distribution fitted using the method of moments with correction for sample size. Values of the 1-in-30-year wind speeds for locations in the Table were estimated from a mapping analysis of wind speeds. The 1-in-10- and 1-in-50-year speeds were then computed from the 1-in-30-year speeds using a map of the dispersion parameter that occurs in the Gumbel analysis.(1)

Table C-1. has been arranged to give pressures to the nearest one-hundredth of a kPa and their corresponding wind speeds. The value of “q” in kPa is assumed to be equal to 0.00064645 V2, where V is given in m/s.

Table [A-1] C-1. Wind Speeds

q V q V q V q V

kPa m/s kPa m/s kPa m/s kPa m/s

0.15 15.2 0.53 28.6 0.91 37.5 1.29 44.7 0.16 15.7 0.54 28.9 0.92 37.7 1.30 44.8 0.17 16.2 0.55 29.2 0.93 37.9 1.31 45.0 0.18 16.7 0.56 29.4 0.94 38.1 1.32 45.2 0.19 17.1 0.57 29.7 0.95 38.3 1.33 45.4 0.20 17.6 0.58 30.0 0.96 38.5 1.34 45.5 0.21 18.0 0.59 30.2 0.97 38.7 1.35 45.7 0.22 18.4 0.60 30.5 0.98 38.9 1.36 45.9 0.23 18.9 0.61 30.7 0.99 39.1 1.37 46.0 0.24 19.3 0.62 31.0 1.00 39.3 1.38 46.2 0.25 19.7 0.63 31.2 1.01 39.5 1.39 46.4 0.26 20.1 0.64 31.5 1.02 39.7 1.40 46.5 0.27 20.4 0.65 31.7 1.03 39.9 1.41 46.7 0.28 20.8 0.66 32.0 1.04 40.1 1.42 46.9 0.29 21.2 0.67 32.2 1.05 40.3 1.43 47.0 0.30 21.5 0.68 32.4 1.06 40.5 1.44 47.2 0.31 21.9 0.69 32.7 1.07 40.7 1.45 47.4 0.32 22.2 0.70 32.9 1.08 40.9 1.46 47.5

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q V q V q V q V

kPa m/s kPa m/s kPa m/s kPa m/s

0.33 22.6 0.71 33.1 1.09 41.1 1.47 47.7 0.34 22.9 0.72 33.4 1.10 41.3 1.48 47.8 0.35 23.3 0.73 33.6 1.11 41.4 1.49 48.0 0.36 23.6 0.74 33.8 1.12 41.6 1.50 48.2 0.37 23.9 0.75 34.1 1.13 41.8 1.51 48.3 0.38 24.2 0.76 34.3 1.14 42.0 1.52 48.5 0.39 24.6 0.77 34.5 1.15 42.2 1.53 48.6 0.40 24.9 0.78 34.7 1.16 42.4 1.54 48.8 0.41 25.2 0.79 35.0 1.17 42.5 1.55 49.0 0.42 25.5 0.80 35.2 1.18 42.7 1.56 49.1 0.43 25.8 0.81 35.4 1.19 42.9 1.57 49.3 0.44 26.1 0.82 35.6 1.20 43.1 1.58 49.4 0.45 26.4 0.83 35.8 1.21 43.3 1.59 49.6 0.46 26.7 0.84 36.0 1.22 43.4 1.60 49.7 0.47 27.0 0.85 36.3 1.23 43.6 1.61 49.9 0.48 27.2 0.86 36.5 1.24 43.8 1.62 50.1 0.49 27.5 0.87 36.7 1.25 44.0 1.63 50.2 0.50 27.8 0.88 36.9 1.26 44.1 1.64 50.4 0.51 28.1 0.89 37.1 1.27 44.3 1.65 50.5 0.52 28.4 0.90 37.3 1.28 44.5 1.66 50.7

Seismic Hazard The parameters used to represent seismic hazard for specific geographical locations are the 5%-damped horizontal spectral acceleration values for 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0, 5.0 and 10.0 second periods, and the horizontal Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) value that have and the horizontal Peak Ground Velocity (PGV), with all values given for a 2% probability of being exceeded in 50 years. The foursix spectral parameters are deemed sufficient to define spectra closely matching the shape of the Uniform Hazard Spectra (UHS). Hazard values are 50th percentile (median) values based on a statistical analysis of the earthquakes that have been experienced in Canada and adjacent regions.(13)(14)(15)(16) The median was chosen over the mean because the mean is affected by the amount of epistemic uncertainty incorporated into the analysis. It is the view of the Geological Survey of Canada and the members of the Standing Committee on Earthquake Design that the estimation of the epistemic uncertainty is still too incomplete to adopt into the Code.Hazard values are mean values based on a statistical analysis of the earthquakes that have been experienced in Canada and adjacent regions.(13) The seismic hazard values were updated for the 2015 edition of the Code by updating the earthquake catalogue, revising the seismic source zones, adding fault sources for the Cascadia subduction zone and certain other active faults, revising the Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs),(14) and using a probabilistic model to combine all inputs. The seismic hazard values were updated for the 2010 edition of the Code by replacing the quadratic fit that generated the NBC 2005 values with a newly developed 8-parameter fit to the ground motion relations used for earthquakes in eastern, central and north-eastern Canada. In 2005, it was recognized that, while the quadratic fit provided a good approximation in the high-hazard zones, it was rather conservative at short periods, but not at long periods, for the low-hazard zones; however, as the design values are small in the low- hazard zones, the approximation was accepted. The 8-parameter fit gives a good fit across all zones. In general, PGA and short-period spectral values are reduced, while long-period values are increased. The 2010 values have the following engineering implications: geotechnical design levels (based on PGA values) are reduced, the design forces for short-period buildings are reduced, and the design forces for tall buildings are increased. Since zones of low seismicity cover a large part of the country, the seismic information for about

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550 of the 650 localities listed in Table C-2. has changed (often in a minor way); only some western localities are unaffected.For most locations, the new GMPEs are the most significant reason for changes in the hazard results from the NBC 2010. One exception is for areas of western Canada for which adding the Cascadia subduction source contribution to the model probabilistically causes the most significant change. In general, in locations in eastern Canada, the seismic hazard at long periods has increased while the seismic hazard at short periods has decreased—in some places significantly. In locations in western Canada, the seismic hazard at long periods has increased significantly for areas affected by the Cascadia interface. In other areas, the explicit inclusion of fault sources, such as those in Haida Gwaii and the Yukon, has also affected the estimated hazard. Further details regarding the representation of seismic hazard can be found in the Commentary on Design for Seismic Effects in the User’s Guide – NBC 20102015, Structural Commentaries (Part 4 of Division B).

References (1) Lowery, M.D. and Nash, J.E., A comparison of methods of fitting the double exponential distribution. J. of Hydrology, 10 (3),

pp. 259–275, 1970. (2) Newark, M.J., Welsh, L.E., Morris, R.J. and Dnes, W.V. Revised Ground Snow Loads for the 1990 NBC of Canada. Can. J. Civ.

Eng., Vol. 16, No. 3, June 1989. (3) Newark, M.J. A New Look at Ground Snow Loads in Canada. Proceedings, 41st Eastern Snow Conference, Washington, D.C.,

Vol. 29, pp. 59-63, 1984. (4) Bruce, J.P. and Clark, R.H. Introduction to Hydrometeorology. Pergammon Press, London, 1966. (5) Yip, T.C. and Auld, H. Updating the 1995 National Building Code of Canada Wind Pressures. Proceedings, Electricity '93

Engineering and Operating Conference, Montreal, paper 93-TR-148. (6) Boyd, D.W. Variations in Air Density over Canada. National Research Council of Canada, Division of Building Research,

Technical Note No. 486, June 1967. (7) Basham, P.W. et al. New Probabilistic Strong Seismic Ground Motion Source Maps of Canada: a Compilation of Earthquake

Source Zones, Methods and Results. Earth Physics Branch Open File Report 82-33, p. 205, 1982. (8) Skerlj, P.F. and Surry, D. A Critical Assessment of the DRWPs Used in CAN/CSA-A440-M90. Tenth International Conference

on Wind Engineering, Wind Engineering into the 21st Century, Larsen, Larose & Livesay (eds), 1999 Balkema, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5809 059 0.

(9) Cornick, S., Chown, G.A., et al. Committee Paper on Defining Climate Regions as a Basis for Specifying Requirements for Precipitation Protection for Walls. Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council, Ottawa, April 2001.

(10) Environment Canada, Climate Trends and Variation Bulletin: Annual 2007, 2008. (11) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of

Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (Eds.). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 996 pp., 2007.

(12) American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-conditioning Engineers, Handbook of Fundamentals, Chapter 14 – Climatic Design Information, Atlanta, GA, 2009.

(13) Adams, J. and Halchuk, S. Fourth generation seismic hazard maps of Canada: Values for Canadian localities in the 2010 National Building Code of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada Open File, 2009.Adams, J., Halchuk, S., Allen, T.I., and Rogers, G.C. Fifth Generation seismic hazard model and values for the 2015 National Building Code of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada Open File, 2014.

(14) Halchuk, S. and Adams, J. Fourth generation seismic hazard maps of Canada: Maps and grid values to be used with the 2010 National Building Code of Canada. Geological Survey of Canada Open File, 2009.Atkinson, G. M., and Adams, J. Ground motion prediction equations for application to the 2015 Canadian national seismic hazard maps, Can. J. Civ. Eng. 40, 988–998, 2013.

(15) Adams, J. and Atkinson, G.M. Development of Seismic Hazard Maps for the 2005 National Building Code of Canada. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 2003; 30: 255-271.

(16) Heidebrecht, A.C. Overview of seismic provisions of the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 2003; 30: 241-254.

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Table [A-2] C-2. Design Data for Selected Locations in Canada

Province and Location

Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)

Sa Sa(0.2) (0.2) Sa Sa(0.5) (0.5) Sa Sa(1.0) (1.0) Sa Sa(2.0)(2.0) Sa(5.0) 0.2) Sa(10.0)

PGA

PGA PGV

British Columbia

...

0.28 0.140

0.17 0.113

0.099 0.083

0.058 0.058

0.027

0.0080

0.14 0.064

0.109

100 Mile House Abbotsford 0.701 0.99 0.597 0.66 0.350 0.32 0.215 0.17 0.071 0.025 0.306 0.49 0.445 Agassiz 0.457 0.67 0.384 0.50 0.244 0.29 0.157 0.16 0.057 0.020 0.206 0.32 0.306 Alberni 0.955 0.75 0.915 0.55 0.594 0.30 0.373 0.16 0.124 0.044 0.434 0.35 0.683 Ashcroft 0.198 0.33 0.160 0.26 0.115 0.16 0.078 0.093 0.034 0.011 0.092 0.16 0.149 Bamfield 1.44 1.1 1.35 0.89 0.871 0.45 0.525 0.20 0.167 0.059 0.682 0.49 0.931 Beatton River 0.132 0.095 0.083 0.057 0.049 0.026 0.026 0.014 0.0083 0.0037 0.079 0.036 0.056 Bella Bella 0.208 0.38 0.232 0.25 0.187 0.14 0.129 0.081 0.049 0.017 0.103 0.18 0.286 Bella Coola 0.163 0.38 0.172 0.24 0.143 0.13 0.105 0.075 0.043 0.014 0.083 0.18 0.225 Burns Lake 0.095 0.095 0.080 0.062 0.066 0.043 0.052 0.028 0.024 0.0076 0.043 0.046 0.111 Cache Creek 0.195 0.33 0.157 0.25 0.112 0.16 0.077 0.091 0.034 0.010 0.090 0.16 0.148 Campbell River 0.595 0.63 0.582 0.46 0.408 0.28 0.265 0.15 0.094 0.034 0.283 0.28 0.487 Carmi 0.141 0.28 0.120 0.17 0.090 0.090 0.062 0.053 0.028 0.0086 0.065 0.14 0.111 Castlegar 0.129 0.27 0.100 0.16 0.074 0.081 0.048 0.045 0.022 0.0069 0.058 0.14 0.085 Chetwynd 0.176 0.24 0.121 0.14 0.068 0.064 0.033 0.035 0.013 0.0045 0.082 0.12 0.071 Chilliwack 0.539 0.76 0.448 0.52 0.277 0.30 0.174 0.16 0.062 0.021 0.242 0.36 0.347 Comox 0.685 0.66 0.662 0.49 0.455 0.29 0.292 0.16 0.102 0.036 0.317 0.30 0.538 Courtenay 0.692 0.65 0.670 0.48 0.461 0.28 0.296 0.16 0.104 0.037 0.321 0.30 0.545 Cranbrook 0.170 0.27 0.138 0.16 0.089 0.080 0.047 0.045 0.018 0.0062 0.075 0.14 0.085

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Crescent Valley 0.130 0.27 0.101 0.16 0.073 0.081 0.047 0.045 0.021 0.0067 0.058 0.14 0.082 Crofton 1.13 1.1 1.04 0.74 0.598 0.37 0.358 0.18 0.111 0.039 0.491 0.54 0.754 Dawson Creek 0.150 0.11 0.098 0.070 0.055 0.035 0.026 0.021 0.0080 0.0032 0.080 0.063 0.059 Dease Lake 0.103 0.095 0.091 0.063 0.074 0.048 0.049 0.032 0.017 0.0067 0.044 0.046 0.078 Dog Creek 0.172 0.32 0.140 0.25 0.102 0.15 0.071 0.088 0.032 0.0098 0.079 0.16 0.140 Duncan 1.17 1.1 1.09 0.74 0.631 0.37 0.378 0.18 0.118 0.042 0.513 0.54 0.786 Elko 0.217 0.27 0.174 0.16 0.108 0.080 0.053 0.045 0.019 0.0066 0.098 0.14 0.101 Fernie 0.234 0.27 0.175 0.16 0.106 0.078 0.052 0.044 0.019 0.0065 0.106 0.14 0.101 Fort Nelson 0.141 0.095 0.103 0.057 0.068 0.034 0.036 0.022 0.012 0.0049 0.081 0.040 0.071 Fort St. John 0.145 0.096 0.094 0.061 0.053 0.032 0.026 0.019 0.0077 0.0032 0.079 0.054 0.058 Glacier 0.206 0.27 0.142 0.16 0.081 0.078 0.044 0.044 0.018 0.0058 0.093 0.13 0.083 Gold River 1.01 0.80 0.988 0.64 0.664 0.33 0.413 0.15 0.135 0.048 0.466 0.35 0.743 Golden 0.263 0.26 0.174 0.15 0.094 0.075 0.046 0.041 0.017 0.0056 0.120 0.13 0.095 Grand Forks 0.133 0.27 0.108 0.17 0.082 0.083 0.056 0.047 0.026 0.0079 0.061 0.14 0.101 Greenwood 0.136 0.27 0.113 0.17 0.085 0.085 0.059 0.049 0.027 0.0082 0.063 0.14 0.105 Hope 0.363 0.63 0.304 0.47 0.201 0.28 0.131 0.15 0.051 0.017 0.167 0.29 0.251 Jordan River 1.40 0.99 1.31 0.78 0.817 0.40 0.495 0.17 0.157 0.055 0.639 0.47 0.923 Kamloops 0.146 0.28 0.123 0.17 0.091 0.10 0.064 0.061 0.029 0.0087 0.067 0.14 0.117 Kaslo 0.142 0.27 0.109 0.16 0.073 0.080 0.043 0.045 0.019 0.0062 0.063 0.14 0.076 Kelowna 0.143 0.28 0.122 0.17 0.091 0.094 0.063 0.056 0.029 0.0087 0.066 0.14 0.115 Kimberley 0.165 0.27 0.130 0.16 0.084 0.079 0.045 0.044 0.018 0.0060 0.073 0.14 0.080 Kitimat Plant 0.161 0.37 0.167 0.24 0.137 0.13 0.096 0.073 0.036 0.012 0.080 0.18 0.224 Kitimat Townsite 0.161 0.37 0.167 0.24 0.137 0.13 0.096 0.073 0.036 0.012 0.080 0.18 0.224

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Ladysmith 1.10 1.1 1.02 0.72 0.587 0.36 0.353 0.18 0.110 0.039 0.482 0.53 0.738 Langford 1.32 1.2 1.19 0.79 0.697 0.37 0.415 0.18 0.130 0.045 0.590 0.58 0.852 Lillooet 0.285 0.60 0.214 0.44 0.145 0.26 0.096 0.14 0.040 0.013 0.132 0.27 0.188 Lytton 0.292 0.60 0.228 0.44 0.155 0.26 0.103 0.14 0.042 0.013 0.136 0.27 0.197 Mackenzie 0.165 0.23 0.117 0.13 0.066 0.061 0.036 0.034 0.015 0.0052 0.074 0.12 0.078 Masset 0.791 0.53 0.744 0.39 0.496 0.30 0.283 0.16 0.083 0.029 0.364 0.26 0.632 McBride 0.253 0.27 0.165 0.16 0.089 0.076 0.044 0.042 0.018 0.0056 0.117 0.14 0.097 McLeod Lake 0.153 0.18 0.110 0.10 0.064 0.051 0.037 0.029 0.016 0.0053 0.068 0.095 0.078 Merritt 0.211 0.34 0.175 0.26 0.125 0.16 0.085 0.094 0.037 0.011 0.098 0.17 0.160 Mission City 0.644 0.93 0.550 0.63 0.327 0.31 0.204 0.17 0.069 0.024 0.283 0.46 0.419 Montrose 0.129 0.27 0.102 0.16 0.075 0.081 0.049 0.045 0.022 0.0069 0.058 0.14 0.086 Nakusp 0.135 0.27 0.102 0.16 0.070 0.080 0.045 0.045 0.020 0.0063 0.060 0.14 0.079 Nanaimo 1.02 1.0 0.942 0.69 0.542 0.35 0.328 0.18 0.104 0.037 0.446 0.50 0.684 Nelson 0.131 0.27 0.103 0.16 0.073 0.080 0.046 0.045 0.020 0.0065 0.058 0.14 0.080 Ocean Falls 0.180 0.38 0.199 0.25 0.163 0.14 0.117 0.078 0.046 0.015 0.091 0.18 0.258 Osoyoos 0.175 0.29 0.150 0.19 0.110 0.12 0.075 0.071 0.033 0.010 0.081 0.14 0.138 Parksville 0.917 0.86 0.859 0.61 0.519 0.32 0.322 0.17 0.106 0.038 0.405 0.42 0.639 Penticton 0.159 0.28 0.138 0.18 0.101 0.11 0.070 0.065 0.031 0.0096 0.074 0.14 0.129 Port Alberni 0.987 0.76 0.946 0.57 0.614 0.30 0.383 0.16 0.126 0.045 0.450 0.36 0.702 Port Alice 1.60 0.65 1.27 0.43 0.759 0.24 0.412 0.14 0.128 0.042 0.689 0.28 0.868 Port Hardy 0.700 0.43 0.659 0.31 0.447 0.17 0.272 0.10 0.091 0.032 0.320 0.20 0.543 Port McNeill 0.711 0.43 0.678 0.36 0.464 0.19 0.285 0.10 0.096 0.034 0.326 0.20 0.557 Port Renfrew 1.44 1.0 1.35 0.81 0.850 0.41 0.511 0.18 0.162 0.057 0.668 0.45 0.939

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Powell River 0.595 0.67 0.556 0.49 0.373 0.29 0.242 0.16 0.086 0.031 0.273 0.31 0.457 Prince George 0.113 0.13 0.089 0.079 0.059 0.040 0.040 0.026 0.019 0.0059 0.049 0.070 0.079 Prince Rupert 0.246 0.38 0.269 0.25 0.209 0.15 0.135 0.086 0.046 0.016 0.117 0.18 0.314 Princeton 0.259 0.42 0.209 0.31 0.144 0.19 0.096 0.11 0.040 0.012 0.121 0.20 0.182 Qualicum Beach 0.888 0.82 0.838 0.58 0.517 0.31 0.323 0.17 0.108 0.038 0.395 0.39 0.629 Queen Charlotte City 1.62 0.62 1.37 0.57 0.842 0.46 0.452 0.24 0.124 0.041 0.757 0.33 0.989 Quesnel 0.105 0.27 0.088 0.16 0.065 0.075 0.047 0.041 0.022 0.0069 0.047 0.13 0.091 Revelstoke 0.145 0.27 0.109 0.16 0.070 0.080 0.043 0.045 0.019 0.0062 0.064 0.14 0.078 Salmon Arm 0.131 0.27 0.104 0.16 0.075 0.082 0.052 0.046 0.024 0.0073 0.059 0.14 0.093 Sandspit 1.31 0.56 1.16 0.48 0.724 0.40 0.396 0.20 0.110 0.036 0.603 0.29 0.868 Sechelt 0.828 0.87 0.745 0.61 0.434 0.33 0.265 0.17 0.086 0.030 0.363 0.43 0.555 Sidney 1.23 1.2 1.10 0.80 0.630 0.37 0.371 0.19 0.115 0.040 0.545 0.60 0.790 Smith River 0.705 0.51 0.447 0.31 0.234 0.15 0.100 0.086 0.028 0.0096 0.354 0.25 0.255 Smithers 0.100 0.11 0.090 0.080 0.076 0.053 0.058 0.034 0.025 0.0082 0.047 0.059 0.134 Sooke 1.34 1.1 1.24 0.75 0.752 0.36 0.456 0.18 0.144 0.050 0.605 0.53 0.885 Squamish 0.600 0.72 0.517 0.52 0.314 0.30 0.200 0.16 0.069 0.024 0.266 0.33 0.404 Stewart 0.139 0.30 0.132 0.19 0.111 0.11 0.078 0.063 0.029 0.010 0.068 0.15 0.180 Tahsis 1.35 0.87 1.19 0.69 0.767 0.36 0.456 0.16 0.144 0.050 0.622 0.38 0.852 Taylor 0.143 0.095 0.093 0.060 0.052 0.031 0.025 0.018 0.0076 0.0031 0.079 0.053 0.058 Terrace 0.146 0.34 0.145 0.21 0.120 0.11 0.085 0.065 0.032 0.011 0.072 0.16 0.200 Tofino 1.46 1.2 1.36 0.94 0.891 0.48 0.536 0.21 0.170 0.060 0.695 0.52 0.945 Trail 0.129 0.27 0.101 0.16 0.075 0.081 0.050 0.045 0.022 0.0070 0.058 0.14 0.087 Ucluelet 1.48 1.2 1.38 0.94 0.897 0.48 0.539 0.21 0.171 0.060 0.708 0.53 0.949

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Vancouver Region

0.93

0.768

0.63

0.673

0.32

0.386

0.17

0.236

0.076

0.027

0.46

0.333

0.500

Burnaby (Simon Fraser Univ.) Cloverdale 0.800 1.1 0.702 0.72 0.400 0.33 0.243 0.17 0.077 0.027 0.347 0.54 0.519 Haney 0.691 0.97 0.602 0.65 0.352 0.32 0.217 0.17 0.071 0.025 0.301 0.48 0.452 Ladner 0.924 1.1 0.827 0.73 0.461 0.35 0.276 0.18 0.085 0.030 0.399 0.54 0.601 Langley 0.772 1.1 0.674 0.71 0.387 0.33 0.236 0.17 0.076 0.027 0.335 0.53 0.500 New Westminster 0.800 0.99 0.704 0.66 0.401 0.33 0.244 0.17 0.077 0.027 0.347 0.49 0.522 North Vancouver 0.794 0.88 0.699 0.61 0.399 0.33 0.243 0.17 0.077 0.027 0.345 0.44 0.518 Richmond 0.885 1.0 0.787 0.68 0.443 0.34 0.266 0.18 0.083 0.029 0.383 0.50 0.578 Surrey (88 Ave & 156 St.)

1.0 0.786

0.69 0.690

0.33 0.394

0.17 0.240

0.076

0.027

0.52 0.341

0.511

Vancouver (City Hall)

0.94 0.848

0.64 0.751

0.33 0.425

0.17 0.257

0.080

0.029

0.46 0.369

0.553

Vancouver (Granville & 41 Ave)

0.95 0.863

0.65 0.765

0.34 0.432

0.17 0.261

0.081

0.029

0.47 0.375

0.563

West Vancouver 0.818 0.88 0.721 0.62 0.410 0.33 0.250 0.17 0.079 0.028 0.356 0.43 0.534 Vernon 0.133 0.27 0.108 0.17 0.080 0.083 0.056 0.047 0.025 0.0077 0.061 0.14 0.099 Victoria Region

Victoria (Gonzales Hts)

1.2 1.30

0.82 1.15

0.38 0.668

0.19 0.394

0.123

0.043

0.61 0.576

0.829

Victoria (Mt Tolmie)

1.2 1.29

0.82 1.14

0.38 0.662

0.19 0.390

0.121

0.042

0.61 0.573

0.824

Victoria 1.30 1.2 1.16 0.82 0.676 0.38 0.399 0.18 0.125 0.044 0.580 0.61 0.834 Whistler 0.438 0.63 0.357 0.47 0.233 0.28 0.152 0.16 0.058 0.020 0.203 0.29 0.296

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

White Rock 0.868 1.1 0.765 0.76 0.432 0.35 0.260 0.18 0.081 0.029 0.376 0.57 0.562 Williams Lake 0.136 0.28 0.110 0.16 0.081 0.096 0.057 0.056 0.027 0.0080 0.062 0.14 0.110 Youbou 1.20 1.0 1.13 0.69 0.678 0.35 0.414 0.18 0.131 0.046 0.536 0.50 0.816

Alberta

0.095 0.068

0.057 0.043

0.026 0.027

0.008 0.014

0.0041

0.0018

Athabasca 0.039 0.036 0.031 Banff 0.279 0.24 0.184 0.14 0.099 0.066 0.046 0.037 0.016 0.0053 0.128 0.12 0.097 Barrhead 0.105 0.095 0.064 0.057 0.038 0.026 0.019 0.009 0.0055 0.0024 0.065 0.036 0.046 Beaverlodge 0.153 0.13 0.102 0.078 0.057 0.039 0.028 0.022 0.0090 0.0035 0.081 0.070 0.062 Brooks 0.116 0.095 0.076 0.057 0.051 0.026 0.028 0.012 0.0089 0.0042 0.072 0.036 0.056 Calgary 0.192 0.15 0.126 0.084 0.072 0.041 0.036 0.023 0.012 0.0048 0.098 0.088 0.075 Campsie 0.113 0.095 0.067 0.057 0.040 0.026 0.020 0.009 0.0058 0.0024 0.070 0.036 0.048 Camrose 0.095 0.095 0.058 0.057 0.035 0.026 0.018 0.008 0.0052 0.0022 0.058 0.036 0.042 Canmore 0.278 0.24 0.183 0.14 0.098 0.065 0.046 0.036 0.016 0.0053 0.128 0.12 0.097 Cardston 0.273 0.18 0.203 0.11 0.122 0.054 0.058 0.031 0.018 0.0066 0.131 0.095 0.118 Claresholm 0.217 0.15 0.148 0.092 0.090 0.046 0.044 0.027 0.015 0.0056 0.107 0.092 0.089 Cold Lake 0.055 0.095 0.034 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0078 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.032 0.036 0.023 Coleman 0.279 0.24 0.195 0.13 0.114 0.066 0.054 0.037 0.019 0.0065 0.128 0.12 0.110 Coronation 0.075 0.095 0.048 0.057 0.029 0.026 0.015 0.008 0.0046 0.0020 0.044 0.036 0.034 Cowley 0.282 0.20 0.198 0.12 0.116 0.057 0.055 0.033 0.018 0.0065 0.130 0.10 0.113 Drumheller 0.122 0.095 0.077 0.057 0.048 0.026 0.026 0.012 0.0080 0.0037 0.075 0.037 0.055 Edmonton 0.103 0.095 0.062 0.057 0.036 0.026 0.018 0.008 0.0053 0.0022 0.064 0.036 0.044 Edson 0.165 0.15 0.111 0.083 0.062 0.038 0.030 0.021 0.0089 0.0035 0.087 0.083 0.066 Embarras Portage 0.052 0.095 0.031 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0065 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.030 0.036 0.020

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Fairview 0.121 0.095 0.071 0.057 0.041 0.026 0.020 0.011 0.0059 0.0025 0.075 0.036 0.051 Fort MacLeod 0.225 0.16 0.160 0.097 0.097 0.050 0.047 0.028 0.015 0.0058 0.111 0.094 0.095 Fort McMurray 0.053 0.095 0.034 0.057 0.018 0.026 0.0078 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.031 0.036 0.023 Fort Saskatchewan 0.086 0.095 0.053 0.057 0.032 0.026 0.017 0.008 0.0050 0.0021 0.052 0.036 0.038 Fort Vermilion 0.056 0.095 0.036 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0081 0.008 0.0018 0.0008 0.032 0.036 0.024 Grande Prairie 0.141 0.095 0.093 0.061 0.053 0.031 0.026 0.018 0.0074 0.0031 0.079 0.054 0.058 Habay 0.068 0.095 0.045 0.057 0.033 0.026 0.020 0.010 0.0067 0.0031 0.040 0.036 0.036 Hardisty 0.068 0.095 0.043 0.057 0.027 0.026 0.014 0.008 0.0041 0.0018 0.040 0.036 0.031 High River 0.203 0.15 0.134 0.087 0.079 0.043 0.039 0.024 0.013 0.0052 0.101 0.090 0.079 Hinton 0.280 0.24 0.182 0.14 0.096 0.064 0.043 0.036 0.015 0.0048 0.131 0.12 0.097 Jasper 0.287 0.24 0.190 0.14 0.101 0.068 0.046 0.038 0.017 0.0052 0.132 0.12 0.101 Keg River 0.067 0.095 0.042 0.057 0.025 0.026 0.012 0.008 0.0034 0.0015 0.039 0.036 0.030 Lac la Biche 0.059 0.095 0.038 0.057 0.023 0.026 0.011 0.008 0.0033 0.0015 0.034 0.036 0.027 Lacombe 0.127 0.095 0.081 0.057 0.047 0.026 0.023 0.012 0.0065 0.0027 0.077 0.042 0.055 Lethbridge 0.164 0.15 0.125 0.087 0.081 0.044 0.042 0.026 0.013 0.0053 0.087 0.087 0.079 Manning 0.081 0.095 0.049 0.057 0.029 0.026 0.015 0.008 0.0046 0.0020 0.048 0.036 0.036 Medicine Hat 0.083 0.095 0.060 0.057 0.045 0.026 0.026 0.010 0.0083 0.0039 0.050 0.036 0.047 Peace River 0.098 0.095 0.058 0.057 0.034 0.026 0.017 0.008 0.0052 0.0022 0.061 0.036 0.043 Pincher Creek 0.284 0.19 0.202 0.11 0.119 0.058 0.056 0.033 0.019 0.0066 0.132 0.10 0.115 Ranfurly 0.066 0.095 0.042 0.057 0.026 0.026 0.013 0.008 0.0039 0.0018 0.038 0.036 0.030 Red Deer 0.131 0.095 0.085 0.057 0.049 0.026 0.024 0.014 0.0067 0.0028 0.078 0.050 0.056 Rocky Mountain House 0.174 0.15 0.116 0.080 0.065 0.038 0.030 0.021 0.0090 0.0035 0.090 0.085 0.067 Slave Lake 0.075 0.095 0.047 0.057 0.029 0.026 0.015 0.008 0.0046 0.0020 0.044 0.036 0.034

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Stettler 0.109 0.095 0.066 0.057 0.039 0.026 0.019 0.009 0.0056 0.0024 0.067 0.036 0.047 Stony Plain 0.115 0.095 0.069 0.057 0.040 0.026 0.020 0.009 0.0058 0.0025 0.071 0.036 0.050 Suffield 0.099 0.095 0.068 0.057 0.049 0.026 0.028 0.011 0.0087 0.0041 0.060 0.036 0.052 Taber 0.134 0.097 0.101 0.059 0.069 0.032 0.036 0.018 0.012 0.0049 0.079 0.064 0.070 Turner Valley 0.253 0.15 0.164 0.091 0.091 0.045 0.043 0.025 0.015 0.0053 0.122 0.092 0.093 Valleyview 0.126 0.095 0.078 0.057 0.045 0.026 0.022 0.012 0.0064 0.0027 0.077 0.036 0.054 Vegreville 0.069 0.095 0.044 0.057 0.027 0.026 0.014 0.008 0.0041 0.0018 0.040 0.036 0.031 Vermilion 0.060 0.095 0.038 0.057 0.023 0.026 0.012 0.008 0.0034 0.0015 0.035 0.036 0.027 Wagner 0.077 0.095 0.048 0.057 0.030 0.026 0.015 0.008 0.0046 0.0020 0.046 0.036 0.035 Wainwright 0.062 0.095 0.040 0.057 0.025 0.026 0.012 0.008 0.0037 0.0017 0.036 0.036 0.028 Wetaskiwin 0.115 0.095 0.069 0.057 0.040 0.026 0.020 0.009 0.0058 0.0024 0.071 0.036 0.048 Whitecourt 0.125 0.095 0.079 0.057 0.046 0.026 0.023 0.012 0.0064 0.0027 0.076 0.040 0.054 Wimborne 0.133 0.095 0.087 0.057 0.052 0.026 0.027 0.015 0.0081 0.0037 0.078 0.054 0.058

Saskatchewan

0.14

Assiniboia 0.136 0.076 0.072 0.038 0.028 0.016 0.010 0.0034 0.0014 0.084 0.061 0.054 Battrum 0.065 0.095 0.042 0.057 0.024 0.026 0.012 0.008 0.0031 0.0015 0.037 0.036 0.030 Biggar 0.057 0.095 0.037 0.057 0.021 0.026 0.0088 0.008 0.0019 0.0010 0.033 0.036 0.025 Broadview 0.077 0.095 0.048 0.057 0.025 0.026 0.010 0.008 0.0022 0.0011 0.045 0.036 0.034 Dafoe 0.062 0.095 0.040 0.057 0.022 0.026 0.0089 0.008 0.0019 0.0010 0.036 0.036 0.027 Dundurn 0.059 0.095 0.039 0.057 0.022 0.026 0.0092 0.008 0.0019 0.0010 0.034 0.036 0.027 Estevan 0.129 0.13 0.072 0.066 0.035 0.026 0.015 0.010 0.0031 0.0013 0.079 0.055 0.051 Hudson Bay 0.055 0.095 0.034 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0079 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.032 0.036 0.023

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Humboldt 0.058 0.095 0.037 0.057 0.020 0.026 0.0085 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.033 0.036 0.025 Island Falls 0.054 0.095 0.031 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0065 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021 Kamsack 0.058 0.095 0.037 0.057 0.020 0.026 0.0085 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.033 0.036 0.025 Kindersley 0.060 0.095 0.039 0.057 0.024 0.026 0.012 0.008 0.0033 0.0015 0.035 0.036 0.028 Lloydminster 0.057 0.095 0.036 0.057 0.021 0.026 0.010 0.008 0.0030 0.0015 0.033 0.036 0.025 Maple Creek 0.069 0.095 0.048 0.057 0.036 0.026 0.021 0.008 0.0068 0.0032 0.040 0.036 0.039 Meadow Lake 0.055 0.095 0.034 0.057 0.018 0.026 0.0075 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.032 0.036 0.023 Melfort 0.055 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0081 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.032 0.036 0.024 Melville 0.069 0.095 0.044 0.057 0.023 0.026 0.0097 0.008 0.0021 0.0011 0.040 0.036 0.031 Moose Jaw 0.096 0.098 0.058 0.057 0.030 0.026 0.013 0.008 0.0027 0.0013 0.057 0.038 0.042 Nipawin 0.054 0.095 0.034 0.057 0.018 0.026 0.0078 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.032 0.036 0.023 North Battleford 0.056 0.095 0.036 0.057 0.020 0.026 0.0085 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.032 0.036 0.024 Prince Albert 0.055 0.095 0.034 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0078 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.032 0.036 0.023 Qu'Appelle 0.090 0.095 0.054 0.057 0.028 0.026 0.012 0.008 0.0025 0.0011 0.054 0.036 0.039 Regina 0.101 0.10 0.060 0.057 0.030 0.026 0.013 0.008 0.0027 0.0013 0.061 0.040 0.043 Rosetown 0.059 0.095 0.038 0.057 0.022 0.026 0.0091 0.008 0.0019 0.0010 0.034 0.036 0.027 Saskatoon 0.057 0.095 0.037 0.057 0.021 0.026 0.0089 0.008 0.0019 0.0010 0.033 0.036 0.025 Scott 0.057 0.095 0.037 0.057 0.020 0.026 0.0086 0.008 0.0019 0.0010 0.033 0.036 0.025 Strasbourg 0.074 0.095 0.046 0.057 0.025 0.026 0.010 0.008 0.0022 0.0011 0.043 0.036 0.032 Swift Current 0.070 0.095 0.045 0.057 0.025 0.026 0.012 0.008 0.0030 0.0014 0.040 0.036 0.032 Uranium City 0.053 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0066 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021 Weyburn 0.186 0.19 0.097 0.088 0.045 0.034 0.018 0.012 0.0039 0.0014 0.118 0.095 0.070 Yorkton 0.063 0.095 0.040 0.057 0.022 0.026 0.0091 0.008 0.0019 0.0010 0.036 0.036 0.028

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Manitoba

0.095 0.056

0.057 0.033

0.026 0.017

0.008 0.0067

0.0015

0.0007

Beausejour 0.032 0.036 0.021 Boissevain 0.059 0.095 0.037 0.057 0.020 0.026 0.0082 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.034 0.036 0.025 Brandon 0.054 0.095 0.031 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0063 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.020 Churchill 0.053 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0069 0.008 0.0015 0.0008 0.031 0.036 0.021 Dauphin 0.055 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0079 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.032 0.036 0.024 Flin Flon 0.054 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0065 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021 Gimli 0.055 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0067 0.008 0.0015 0.0007 0.032 0.036 0.021 Island Lake 0.054 0.095 0.033 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0070 0.008 0.0015 0.0008 0.031 0.036 0.021 Lac du Bonnet 0.056 0.095 0.033 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0067 0.008 0.0015 0.0007 0.033 0.036 0.023 Lynn Lake 0.053 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0066 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021 Morden 0.053 0.095 0.031 0.057 0.015 0.026 0.0063 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.020 Neepawa 0.054 0.095 0.031 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0065 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021 Pine Falls 0.056 0.095 0.033 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0067 0.008 0.0015 0.0007 0.032 0.036 0.021 Portage la Prairie 0.054 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0065 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021 Rivers 0.058 0.095 0.037 0.057 0.020 0.026 0.0084 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.034 0.036 0.025 Sandilands 0.055 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0065 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.032 0.036 0.021 Selkirk 0.055 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0066 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.032 0.036 0.021 Split Lake 0.053 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0067 0.008 0.0015 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021 Steinbach 0.055 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0065 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.032 0.036 0.021 Swan River 0.055 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0079 0.008 0.0018 0.0008 0.032 0.036 0.024 The Pas 0.054 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0065 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Thompson 0.053 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0067 0.008 0.0015 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021 Virden 0.064 0.095 0.041 0.057 0.022 0.026 0.0089 0.008 0.0019 0.0010 0.037 0.036 0.028 Winnipeg 0.054 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0066 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.032 0.036 0.021

Ontario

0.13 0.095

0.082 0.064

0.052 0.039

0.016 0.020

0.0049

0.0021

Ailsa Craig 0.056 0.045 0.050 Ajax 0.210 0.18 0.114 0.12 0.060 0.070 0.029 0.022 0.0071 0.0028 0.134 0.074 0.091 Alexandria 0.589 0.64 0.309 0.31 0.148 0.14 0.068 0.047 0.018 0.0062 0.376 0.32 0.255 Alliston 0.111 0.15 0.076 0.099 0.046 0.062 0.024 0.020 0.0059 0.0025 0.066 0.046 0.060 Almonte 0.337 0.55 0.188 0.27 0.098 0.13 0.048 0.042 0.013 0.0049 0.215 0.28 0.157 Armstrong 0.064 0.095 0.037 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0081 0.008 0.0018 0.0008 0.038 0.036 0.025 Arnprior 0.371 0.61 0.201 0.29 0.102 0.13 0.049 0.044 0.013 0.0049 0.238 0.31 0.168 Atikokan 0.069 0.095 0.038 0.057 0.018 0.026 0.0072 0.008 0.0015 0.0007 0.041 0.036 0.025 Attawapiskat 0.074 0.11 0.043 0.057 0.022 0.026 0.0092 0.008 0.0019 0.0010 0.045 0.053 0.030 Aurora 0.138 0.16 0.087 0.11 0.050 0.065 0.026 0.021 0.0064 0.0027 0.085 0.053 0.068 Bancroft 0.151 0.26 0.105 0.17 0.063 0.089 0.032 0.030 0.0084 0.0035 0.090 0.089 0.085 Barrie 0.108 0.15 0.077 0.11 0.047 0.065 0.025 0.021 0.0061 0.0025 0.063 0.044 0.060 Barriefield 0.162 0.30 0.110 0.18 0.066 0.099 0.034 0.031 0.0089 0.0038 0.098 0.12 0.091 Beaverton 0.117 0.16 0.082 0.12 0.050 0.070 0.026 0.023 0.0065 0.0028 0.069 0.047 0.064 Belleville 0.162 0.25 0.105 0.16 0.061 0.088 0.031 0.028 0.0080 0.0034 0.100 0.10 0.087 Belmont 0.116 0.16 0.073 0.097 0.042 0.056 0.021 0.017 0.0053 0.0021 0.070 0.086 0.056 Kitchenuhmay- koosib (Big Trout Lake)

0.095 0.054

0.057 0.033

0.026 0.017

0.008 0.0072

0.0015

0.0008

0.036 0.032

0.023

CFB Borden 0.107 0.14 0.075 0.10 0.046 0.063 0.024 0.020 0.0059 0.0025 0.063 0.045 0.059

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Bracebridge 0.116 0.18 0.084 0.12 0.051 0.072 0.027 0.024 0.0068 0.0028 0.068 0.056 0.067 Bradford 0.123 0.15 0.081 0.10 0.048 0.065 0.025 0.021 0.0062 0.0027 0.074 0.049 0.063 Brampton 0.168 0.21 0.096 0.12 0.052 0.063 0.026 0.020 0.0064 0.0025 0.106 0.11 0.074 Brantford 0.155 0.19 0.089 0.11 0.049 0.061 0.024 0.019 0.0059 0.0024 0.097 0.089 0.068 Brighton 0.173 0.24 0.106 0.15 0.060 0.083 0.030 0.027 0.0076 0.0032 0.108 0.099 0.087 Brockville 0.259 0.35 0.157 0.22 0.086 0.12 0.043 0.036 0.011 0.0046 0.164 0.15 0.131 Burk's Falls 0.143 0.21 0.096 0.14 0.057 0.075 0.029 0.026 0.0074 0.0031 0.086 0.074 0.076 Burlington 0.266 0.32 0.131 0.17 0.062 0.064 0.029 0.022 0.0068 0.0027 0.172 0.18 0.102 Cambridge 0.141 0.18 0.084 0.10 0.047 0.060 0.024 0.019 0.0058 0.0024 0.088 0.073 0.066 Campbellford 0.144 0.23 0.097 0.15 0.058 0.085 0.030 0.027 0.0076 0.0032 0.088 0.084 0.078 Cannington 0.122 0.17 0.084 0.12 0.051 0.070 0.027 0.023 0.0067 0.0028 0.073 0.048 0.067 Carleton Place 0.302 0.49 0.175 0.25 0.093 0.12 0.046 0.039 0.012 0.0048 0.192 0.23 0.146 Cavan 0.140 0.19 0.092 0.13 0.055 0.076 0.028 0.024 0.0071 0.0030 0.086 0.061 0.074 Centralia 0.092 0.13 0.064 0.080 0.039 0.052 0.020 0.016 0.0050 0.0021 0.054 0.041 0.050 Chapleau 0.071 0.095 0.050 0.057 0.031 0.037 0.016 0.013 0.0037 0.0017 0.041 0..036 0.039 Chatham 0.112 0.16 0.070 0.092 0.039 0.050 0.019 0.015 0.0047 0.0020 0.068 0.088 0.054 Chesley 0.083 0.12 0.062 0.082 0.040 0.053 0.021 0.018 0.0052 0.0022 0.047 0.037 0.050 Clinton 0.084 0.12 0.061 0.078 0.038 0.050 0.020 0.016 0.0049 0.0021 0.048 0.038 0.048 Coboconk 0.120 0.18 0.086 0.13 0.052 0.074 0.027 0.025 0.0070 0.0030 0.070 0.055 0.068 Cobourg 0.179 0.22 0.106 0.14 0.059 0.079 0.030 0.025 0.0074 0.0031 0.113 0.096 0.086 Cochrane 0.222 0.18 0.107 0.098 0.052 0.054 0.024 0.018 0.0058 0.0022 0.145 0.094 0.083 Colborne 0.176 0.23 0.106 0.14 0.060 0.081 0.030 0.026 0.0076 0.0031 0.111 0.098 0.087 Collingwood 0.096 0.13 0.070 0.097 0.044 0.060 0.023 0.020 0.0058 0.0024 0.055 0.040 0.056

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Cornwall 0.587 0.62 0.307 0.31 0.147 0.14 0.067 0.046 0.017 0.0060 0.375 0.31 0.254 Corunna 0.087 0.12 0.060 0.074 0.036 0.047 0.018 0.015 0.0046 0.0020 0.050 0.040 0.047 Deep River 0.389 0.63 0.208 0.30 0.104 0.13 0.049 0.043 0.013 0.0048 0.250 0.32 0.172 Deseronto 0.158 0.27 0.106 0.17 0.062 0.092 0.032 0.029 0.0081 0.0035 0.096 0.11 0.087 Dorchester 0.112 0.16 0.072 0.096 0.042 0.056 0.021 0.017 0.0052 0.0021 0.067 0.081 0.056 Dorion 0.059 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.018 0.026 0.0076 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.035 0.036 0.024 Dresden 0.104 0.15 0.067 0.088 0.039 0,050 0.019 0.015 0.0047 0.0020 0.062 0.078 0.051 Dryden 0.072 0.095 0.040 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0076 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.043 0.036 0.027 Dundalk 0.097 0.13 0.069 0.091 0.043 0.058 0.022 0.019 0.0056 0.0024 0.057 0.043 0.055 Dunnville 0.232 0.31 0.120 0.16 0.059 0.063 0.028 0.021 0.0067 0.0027 0.149 0.17 0.093 Durham 0.088 0.12 0.065 0.085 0.041 0.055 0.021 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.051 0.040 0.051 Dutton 0.116 0.16 0.072 0.096 0.041 0.054 0.021 0.017 0.0050 0.0021 0.071 0.087 0.056 Earlton 0.182 0.24 0.108 0.14 0.059 0.075 0.029 0.024 0.0074 0.0030 0.114 0.11 0.086 Edison 0.070 0.095 0.039 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0075 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.042 0.036 0.027 Elliot Lake 0.074 0.095 0.054 0.065 0.035 0.043 0.018 0.015 0.0046 0.0020 0.043 0.036 0.043 Elmvale 0.101 0.14 0.074 0.10 0.046 0.064 0.024 0.021 0.0061 0.0025 0.059 0.040 0.059 Embro 0.111 0.15 0.072 0.094 0.042 0.056 0.022 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.067 0.072 0.056 Englehart 0.175 0.23 0.104 0.13 0.057 0.074 0.029 0.024 0.0073 0.0030 0.109 0.11 0.083 Espanola 0.086 0.10 0.063 0.080 0.039 0.050 0.021 0.018 0.0052 0.0021 0.050 0.036 0.050 Exeter 0.090 0.13 0.063 0.080 0.039 0.051 0.020 0.016 0.0049 0.0021 0.052 0.040 0.050 Fenelon Falls 0.121 0.18 0.086 0.13 0.052 0.074 0.027 0.024 0.0068 0.0030 0.072 0.054 0.068 Fergus 0.115 0.16 0.075 0.095 0.045 0.058 0.023 0.019 0.0056 0.0024 0.069 0.052 0.059 Forest 0.087 0.12 0.061 0.076 0.037 0.049 0.019 0.015 0.0047 0.0020 0.051 0.038 0.047

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Fort Erie 0.312 0.33 0.152 0.18 0.070 0.067 0.032 0.022 0.0074 0.0028 0.202 0.20 0.117 Fort Erie (Ridgeway) 0.307 0.33 0.149 0.18 0.069 0.066 0.031 0.022 0.0073 0.0028 0.198 0.19 0.115 Fort Frances 0.064 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0069 0.008 0.0015 0.0007 0.039 0.036 0.024 Gananoque 0.180 0.30 0.119 0.19 0.070 0.10 0.036 0.032 0.0095 0.0039 0.110 0.12 0.099 Geraldton 0.057 0.095 0.036 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0082 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.033 0.036 0.024 Glencoe 0.107 0.16 0.068 0.092 0.040 0.053 0.020 0.016 0.0049 0.0021 0.064 0.080 0.054 Goderich 0.079 0.11 0.059 0.075 0.037 0.049 0.019 0.016 0.0049 0.0020 0.045 0.036 0.047 Gore Bay 0.071 0.095 0.055 0.067 0.035 0.044 0.018 0.015 0.0047 0.0020 0.040 0.036 0.044 Graham 0.071 0.095 0.039 0.057 0.020 0.026 0.0079 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.043 0.036 0.027 Gravenhurst (Muskoka

Airport) 0.17 0.112

0.12 0.082

0.070 0.050

0.024 0.026

0.0067

0.0028

0.052 0.065

0.064

Grimsby 0.301 0.34 0.146 0.18 0.068 0.068 0.030 0.022 0.0073 0.0028 0.195 0.20 0.113 Guelph 0.133 0.17 0.082 0.10 0.047 0.059 0.024 0.019 0.0058 0.0024 0.082 0.067 0.063 Guthrie 0.109 0.15 0.078 0.11 0.048 0.066 0.025 0.022 0.0062 0.0027 0.064 0.043 0.062 Haileybury 0.219 0.25 0.127 0.15 0.067 0.079 0.033 0.026 0.0083 0.0034 0.138 0.12 0.101 Haldimand (Caledonia) 0.215 0.31 0.112 0.16 0.056 0.063 0.027 0.022 0.0064 0.0025 0.138 0.17 0.087 Haldimand (Hagersville) 0.172 0.25 0.096 0.14 0.051 0.062 0.025 0.019 0.0061 0.0024 0.108 0.14 0.074 Haliburton 0.133 0.22 0.095 0.15 0.057 0.081 0.030 0.027 0.0077 0.0032 0.079 0.074 0.076 Halton Hills

(Georgetown) 0.20 0.155

0.12 0.090

0.062 0.050

0.020 0.025

0.0062

0.0025

0.11 0.097

0.070

Hamilton 0.260 0.32 0.128 0.17 0.061 0.064 0.028 0.022 0.0068 0.0027 0.168 0.18 0.101 Hanover 0.085 0.12 0.063 0.082 0.040 0.053 0.021 0.018 0.0052 0.0022 0.049 0.039 0.050 Hastings 0.141 0.22 0.096 0.14 0.057 0.083 0.029 0.027 0.0074 0.0031 0.085 0.074 0.076

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Hawkesbury 0.506 0.57 0.268 0.29 0.131 0.13 0.062 0.044 0.016 0.0058 0.326 0.30 0.224 Hearst 0.073 0.095 0.048 0.057 0.028 0.033 0.013 0.012 0.0031 0.0014 0.043 0.036 0.035 Honey Harbour 0.103 0.15 0.076 0.11 0.047 0.065 0.025 0.022 0.0062 0.0027 0.060 0.044 0.060 Hornepayne 0.063 0.095 0.043 0.057 0.025 0.027 0.012 0.010 0.0028 0.0014 0.037 0.036 0.031 Huntsville 0.129 0.20 0.091 0.14 0.054 0.075 0.028 0.026 0.0071 0.0031 0.077 0.068 0.072 Ingersoll 0.116 0.16 0.073 0.097 0.043 0.057 0.022 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.070 0.082 0.058 Iroquois Falls 0.196 0.19 0.101 0.10 0.052 0.059 0.025 0.020 0.0061 0.0024 0.127 0.096 0.079 Jellicoe 0.057 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0081 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.033 0.036 0.024 Kapuskasing 0.112 0.11 0.064 0.068 0.035 0.042 0.017 0.014 0.0040 0.0017 0.070 0.045 0.048 Kemptville 0.429 0.56 0.229 0.28 0.114 0.13 0.054 0.042 0.014 0.0052 0.275 0.28 0.189 Kenora 0.064 0.095 0.036 0.057 0.018 0.026 0.0072 0.008 0.0015 0.0007 0.038 0.036 0.024 Killaloe 0.264 0.44 0.154 0.23 0.083 0.11 0.041 0.036 0.011 0.0044 0.168 0.21 0.127 Kincardine 0.076 0.11 0.058 0.075 0.037 0.049 0.019 0.016 0.0049 0.0021 0.043 0.036 0.046 Kingston 0.161 0.29 0.110 0.18 0.065 0.099 0.034 0.031 0.0089 0.0038 0.098 0.12 0.091 Kinmount 0.123 0.20 0.089 0.14 0.054 0.077 0.028 0.026 0.0071 0.0031 0.072 0.062 0.071 Kirkland Lake 0.159 0.22 0.095 0.12 0.053 0.069 0.027 0.022 0.0067 0.0028 0.099 0.10 0.076 Kitchener 0.122 0.16 0.077 0.095 0.045 0.058 0.023 0.018 0.0056 0.0024 0.074 0.054 0.060 Lakefield 0.130 0.20 0.091 0.14 0.055 0.079 0.028 0.026 0.0073 0.0031 0.078 0.062 0.072 Lansdowne House 0.056 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0078 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.033 0.036 0.024 Leamington 0.114 0.17 0.070 0.092 0.038 0.047 0.018 0.015 0.0044 0.0018 0.069 0.091 0.052 Lindsay 0.126 0.18 0.087 0.12 0.052 0.074 0.027 0.024 0.0068 0.0030 0.076 0.053 0.068 Lion's Head 0.080 0.11 0.062 0.082 0.040 0.053 0.021 0.018 0.0052 0.0022 0.045 0.036 0.050 Listowel 0.093 0.13 0.066 0.085 0.041 0.054 0.021 0.018 0.0052 0.0022 0.054 0.043 0.052

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

London 0.108 0.15 0.070 0.093 0.041 0.055 0.021 0.017 0.0052 0.0021 0.064 0.076 0.055 Lucan 0.097 0.13 0.065 0.083 0.039 0.052 0.020 0.017 0.0050 0.0021 0.057 0.046 0.051 Maitland 0.282 0.37 0.167 0.22 0.090 0.12 0.045 0.036 0.012 0.0046 0.179 0.15 0.140 Markdale 0.089 0.12 0.066 0.088 0.042 0.056 0.022 0.019 0.0055 0.0022 0.052 0.040 0.052 Markham 0.182 0.18 0.103 0.11 0.056 0.067 0.028 0.022 0.0068 0.0028 0.115 0.061 0.080 Martin 0.072 0.095 0.039 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0075 0.008 0.0015 0.0008 0.043 0.036 0.027 Matheson 0.160 0.20 0.091 0.11 0.050 0.063 0.025 0.020 0.0062 0.0025 0.101 0.098 0.072 Mattawa 0.446 0.46 0.237 0.23 0.114 0.10 0.052 0.035 0.013 0.0046 0.285 0.24 0.191 Midland 0.101 0.15 0.075 0.11 0.046 0.064 0.024 0.022 0.0061 0.0025 0.058 0.042 0.059 Milton 0.191 0.26 0.103 0.14 0.054 0.063 0.026 0.020 0.0064 0.0025 0.122 0.14 0.080 Milverton 0.098 0.14 0.067 0.086 0.041 0.054 0.021 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.058 0.044 0.052 Minden 0.124 0.20 0.089 0.14 0.054 0.078 0.028 0.026 0.0071 0.0031 0.073 0.065 0.071 Mississauga 0.219 0.26 0.115 0.15 0.058 0.065 0.028 0.020 0.0068 0.0027 0.141 0.14 0.090 Mississauga (Lester B. Pearson Int'l Airport)

0.21 0.193

0.12 0.105

0.065 0.056

0.021 0.027

0.0067

0.0027

0.12 0.123

0.082

Mississauga (Port Credit)

0.28 0.247

0.15 0.125

0.065 0.062

0.021 0.029

0.0070

0.0027

0.15 0.159

0.098

Mitchell 0.093 0.13 0.065 0.083 0.040 0.053 0.021 0.017 0.0052 0.0021 0.054 0.042 0.051 Moosonee 0.081 0.13 0.051 0.068 0.029 0.040 0.014 0.014 0.0033 0.0015 0.049 0.057 0.038 Morrisburg 0.558 0.60 0.287 0.30 0.135 0.14 0.062 0.044 0.016 0.0056 0.358 0.31 0.236 Mount Forest 0.093 0.13 0.067 0.087 0.041 0.055 0.022 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.054 0.043 0.052 Nakina 0.057 0.095 0.036 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0082 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.033 0.036 0.024 Nanticoke (Jarvis) 0.156 0.22 0.090 0.12 0.049 0.062 0.024 0.019 0.0059 0.0024 0.098 0.12 0.068

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Nanticoke (Port Dover) 0.144 0.19 0.085 0.11 0.047 0.060 0.023 0.018 0.0058 0.0024 0.089 0.093 0.066 Napanee 0.156 0.28 0.106 0.17 0.063 0.094 0.033 0.030 0.0084 0.0037 0.095 0.11 0.087 New Liskeard 0.209 0.24 0.122 0.14 0.065 0.078 0.032 0.025 0.0081 0.0032 0.132 0.12 0.097 Newcastle 0.186 0.20 0.107 0.13 0.058 0.074 0.029 0.024 0.0071 0.0030 0.118 0.081 0.086 Newcastle

(Bowmanville) 0.20 0.188

0.13 0.107

0.073 0.058

0.023 0.029

0.0071

0.0030

0.078 0.119

0.086

Newmarket 0.132 0.16 0.085 0.11 0.050 0.065 0.026 0.021 0.0064 0.0027 0.081 0.051 0.067 Niagara Falls 0.321 0.34 0.157 0.19 0.072 0.070 0.032 0.023 0.0076 0.0030 0.207 0.20 0.121 North Bay 0.247 0.25 0.145 0.15 0.076 0.079 0.037 0.027 0.0095 0.0037 0.155 0.11 0.114 Norwood 0.136 0.21 0.094 0.14 0.057 0.083 0.029 0.027 0.0074 0.0031 0.082 0.070 0.075 Oakville 0.260 0.32 0.129 0.17 0.062 0.065 0.029 0.022 0.0070 0.0027 0.167 0.18 0.101 Orangeville 0.115 0.15 0.076 0.097 0.046 0.060 0.023 0.020 0.0058 0.0024 0.069 0.051 0.059 Orillia 0.109 0.16 0.079 0.11 0.049 0.068 0.026 0.023 0.0064 0.0027 0.064 0.046 0.063 Oshawa 0.192 0.19 0.108 0.12 0.058 0.072 0.029 0.023 0.0071 0.0030 0.122 0.074 0.086 Ottawa (Metropolitan)

Ottawa (City Hall) 0.439 0.64 0.237 0.31 0.118 0.14 0.056 0.046 0.015 0.0055 0.281 0.32 0.196 Ottawa (Barrhaven) 0.427 0.63 0.230 0.30 0.115 0.14 0.055 0.045 0.015 0.0053 0.273 0.32 0.191 Ottawa (Kanata) 0.401 0.62 0.218 0.30 0.110 0.13 0.053 0.045 0.014 0.0052 0.257 0.32 0.181 Ottawa (M-C Int'l Airport)

0.63 0.446

0.31 0.240

0.14 0.119

0.046 0.056

0.015

0.0055

0.32 0.285

0.199

Ottawa (Orleans) 0.474 0.63 0.252 0.31 0.124 0.14 0.058 0.046 0.015 0.0056 0.304 0.32 0.208 Owen Sound 0.083 0.12 0.064 0.085 0.041 0.055 0.021 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.048 0.036 0.051 Pagwa River 0.060 0.095 0.040 0.057 0.023 0.026 0.011 0.009 0.0024 0.0013 0.035 0.036 0.028

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Paris 0.141 0.18 0.084 0.10 0.047 0.060 0.023 0.019 0.0058 0.0024 0.088 0.084 0.066 Parkhill 0.092 0.12 0.063 0.079 0.038 0.051 0.020 0.016 0.0049 0.0020 0.054 0.041 0.050 Parry Sound 0.110 0.16 0.079 0.11 0.048 0.065 0.025 0.022 0.0064 0.0027 0.064 0.050 0.063 Pelham (Fonthill) 0.311 0.34 0.152 0.19 0.070 0.068 0.031 0.022 0.0074 0.0028 0.201 0.20 0.117 Pembroke 0.379 0.63 0.203 0.30 0.101 0.13 0.049 0.044 0.013 0.0048 0.243 0.32 0.168 Penetanguishene 0.101 0.14 0.074 0.11 0.046 0.064 0.024 0.022 0.0061 0.0025 0.058 0.041 0.059 Perth 0.225 0.36 0.142 0.21 0.080 0.11 0.041 0.036 0.011 0.0045 0.140 0.14 0.119 Petawawa 0.379 0.63 0.202 0.30 0.101 0.13 0.048 0.043 0.013 0.0048 0.243 0.32 0.166 Peterborough 0.135 0.19 0.092 0.13 0.055 0.078 0.028 0.025 0.0071 0.0031 0.082 0.062 0.072 Petrolia 0.092 0.13 0.062 0.079 0.037 0.049 0.019 0.015 0.0047 0.0020 0.054 0.048 0.048 Pickering (Dunbarton) 0.219 0.18 0.117 0.12 0.060 0.069 0.029 0.022 0.0071 0.0028 0.140 0.078 0.094 Picton 0.159 0.26 0.104 0.16 0.061 0.088 0.031 0.028 0.0078 0.0032 0.098 0.11 0.086 Plattsville 0.119 0.15 0.075 0.096 0.044 0.058 0.022 0.018 0.0055 0.0022 0.072 0.069 0.059 Point Alexander 0.391 0.63 0.209 0.30 0.104 0.13 0.049 0.043 0.013 0.0048 0.251 0.32 0.172 Port Burwell 0.132 0.17 0.079 0.099 0.044 0.058 0.022 0.018 0.0055 0.0022 0.081 0.092 0.062 Port Colborne 0.298 0.33 0.146 0.18 0.068 0.066 0.031 0.022 0.0073 0.0028 0.192 0.19 0.113 Port Elgin 0.077 0.11 0.060 0.078 0.038 0.051 0.020 0.017 0.0050 0.0021 0.044 0.036 0.048 Port Hope 0.181 0.21 0.106 0.13 0.059 0.077 0.029 0.024 0.0073 0.0030 0.114 0.094 0.086 Port Perry 0.144 0.17 0.091 0.12 0.053 0.070 0.027 0.023 0.0067 0.0028 0.089 0.053 0.071 Port Stanley 0.123 0.17 0.075 0.099 0.043 0.055 0.021 0.017 0.0052 0.0021 0.075 0.090 0.058 Prescott 0.350 0.42 0.195 0.24 0.101 0.12 0.049 0.038 0.013 0.0049 0.224 0.018 0.162 Princeton 0.129 0.16 0.079 0.10 0.045 0.059 0.023 0.018 0.0056 0.0022 0.079 0.082 0.062 Raith 0.067 0.095 0.038 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0078 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.040 0.036 0.025

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Rayside-Balfour (Chelmsford)

0.14 0.104

0.097 0.072

0.057 0.044

0.020 0.023

0.0058

0.0024

0.045 0.061

0.056

Red Lake 0.068 0.095 0.038 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0076 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.041 0.036 0.025 Renfrew 0.352 0.58 0.191 0.29 0.097 0.13 0.047 0.043 0.013 0.0048 0.226 0.30 0.160 Richmond Hill 0.163 0.18 0.095 0.11 0.053 0.065 0.027 0.021 0.0065 0.0027 0.102 0.063 0.074 Rockland 0.510 0.60 0.266 0.30 0.129 0.14 0.060 0.045 0.016 0.0056 0.328 0.31 0.221 Sarnia 0.085 0.12 0.059 0.073 0.036 0.048 0.018 0.015 0.0046 0.0020 0.049 0.037 0.046

Sault Ste. Marie 0.062 0.095 0.044 0.057 0.028 0.032 0.014 0.012 0.0033 0.0015 0.036 0.036 0.034

Schreiber 0.057 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0079 0.008 0.0018 0.0010 0.033 0.036 0.024 Seaforth 0.087 0.12 0.062 0.080 0.039 0.051 0.020 0.017 0.0050 0.0021 0.050 0.040 0.048 Shelburne 0.104 0.14 0.072 0.094 0.044 0.059 0.023 0.020 0.0058 0.0024 0.062 0.046 0.056 Simcoe 0.141 0.18 0.084 0.10 0.047 0.060 0.023 0.018 0.0058 0.0024 0.087 0.093 0.064 Sioux Lookout 0.073 0.095 0.040 0.057 0.020 0.026 0.0078 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.044 0.036 0.028 Smiths Falls 0.256 0.39 0.156 0.22 0.086 0.12 0.044 0.037 0.012 0.0046 0.161 0.17 0.131 Smithville 0.296 0.34 0.144 0.18 0.067 0.068 0.030 0.022 0.0071 0.0027 0.191 0.20 0.111 Smooth Rock Falls 0.200 0.16 0.098 0.089 0.047 0.049 0.021 0.017 0.0050 0.0020 0.130 0.085 0.074 South River 0.164 0.23 0.106 0.14 0.061 0.077 0.031 0.027 0.0080 0.0034 0.100 0.086 0.085 Southampton 0.077 0.11 0.060 0.078 0.038 0.051 0.020 0.017 0.0050 0.0021 0.044 0.036 0.048 St. Catharines 0.319 0.34 0.155 0.19 0.071 0.069 0.032 0.023 0.0076 0.0028 0.206 0.20 0.121 St. Mary's 0.101 0.14 0.068 0.086 0.041 0.054 0.021 0.017 0.0052 0.0021 0.060 0.049 0.052 St. Thomas 0.117 0.16 0.073 0.096 0.042 0.056 0.021 0.017 0.0052 0.0021 0.071 0.088 0.056 Stirling 0.149 0.25 0.100 0.16 0.060 0.088 0.031 0.028 0.0078 0.0034 0.091 0.096 0.082 Stratford 0.103 0.14 0.069 0.087 0.041 0.055 0.021 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.061 0.045 0.054

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Strathroy 0.100 0.14 0.066 0.086 0.039 0.052 0.020 0.016 0.0049 0.0021 0.059 0.064 0.051 Sturgeon Falls 0.183 0.22 0.113 0.13 0.062 0.072 0.031 0.025 0.0080 0.0032 0.113 0.086 0.089 Sudbury 0.110 0.15 0.076 0.10 0.046 0.059 0.024 0.020 0.0059 0.0025 0.065 0.051 0.059 Sundridge 0.157 0.23 0.103 0.14 0.059 0.076 0.030 0.026 0.0078 0.0032 0.095 0.082 0.082 Tavistock 0.108 0.14 0.071 0.090 0.042 0.056 0.022 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.065 0.053 0.055 Temagami 0.239 0.25 0.138 0.15 0.072 0.077 0.035 0.026 0.0089 0.0035 0.151 0.12 0.109 Thamesford 0.111 0.16 0.071 0.095 0.042 0.056 0.021 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.066 0.076 0.056 Thedford 0.089 0.12 0.062 0.077 0.038 0.050 0.019 0.016 0.0047 0.0020 0.052 0.038 0.048 Thunder Bay 0.061 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.018 0.026 0.0075 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.036 0.036 0.024 Tillsonburg 0.126 0.17 0.077 0.10 0.044 0.058 0.022 0.018 0.0055 0.0022 0.076 0.091 0.060 Timmins 0.125 0.14 0.075 0.090 0.043 0.054 0.021 0.018 0.0053 0.0022 0.078 0.056 0.058 Timmins (Porcupine) 0.140 0.16 0.081 0.094 0.045 0.056 0.022 0.018 0.0055 0.0022 0.088 0.068 0.063 Toronto Metropolitan Region

Etobicoke 0.193 0.21 0.106 0.12 0.056 0.065 0.027 0.021 0.0067 0.0027 0.124 0.11 0.082 North York 0.195 0.19 0.107 0.11 0.056 0.066 0.028 0.021 0.0067 0.0027 0.125 0.078 0.083 Scarborough 0.219 0.19 0.116 0.11 0.060 0.068 0.029 0.022 0.0070 0.0028 0.140 0.076 0.093 Toronto (City Hall) 0.249 0.22 0.126 0.13 0.063 0.067 0.029 0.021 0.0071 0.0028 0.160 0.12 0.099

Trenton 0.167 0.24 0.105 0.15 0.060 0.085 0.030 0.027 0.0077 0.0032 0.104 0.099 0.086 Trout Creek 0.186 0.24 0.116 0.15 0.065 0.078 0.033 0.027 0.0084 0.0035 0.115 0.095 0.093 Uxbridge 0.139 0.16 0.089 0.11 0.052 0.069 0.027 0.022 0.0067 0.0028 0.086 0.049 0.070 Vaughan (Woodbridge) 0.167 0.19 0.096 0.11 0.053 0.064 0.026 0.021 0.0065 0.0027 0.105 0.081 0.074 Vittoria 0.139 0.18 0.083 0.10 0.046 0.060 0.023 0.018 0.0056 0.0024 0.086 0.093 0.064

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Walkerton 0.083 0.12 0.062 0.081 0.039 0.052 0.021 0.018 0.0052 0.0021 0.048 0.038 0.050 Wallaceburg 0.098 0.15 0.064 0.085 0.037 0.047 0.018 0.015 0.0044 0.0018 0.058 0.071 0.048 Waterloo 0.118 0.15 0.075 0.094 0.044 0.058 0.023 0.018 0.0056 0.0022 0.072 0.052 0.059 Watford 0.095 0.13 0.064 0.081 0.038 0.050 0.019 0.016 0.0049 0.0020 0.056 0.050 0.050 Wawa 0.062 0.095 0.043 0.057 0.026 0.028 0.013 0.010 0.0030 0.0014 0.036 0.036 0.031 Welland 0.308 0.34 0.150 0.18 0.069 0.068 0.031 0.022 0.0074 0.0028 0.199 0.20 0.115 West Lorne 0.118 0.16 0.072 0.095 0.041 0.054 0.021 0.016 0.0050 0.0021 0.072 0.088 0.056 Whitby 0.203 0.19 0.112 0.12 0.059 0.071 0.029 0.022 0.0071 0.0028 0.130 0.075 0.089 Whitby (Brooklin) 0.176 0.18 0.102 0.12 0.056 0.070 0.028 0.023 0.0070 0.0028 0.111 0.066 0.080 White River 0.060 0.095 0.041 0.057 0.024 0.026 0.011 0.009 0.0025 0.0013 0.035 0.036 0.030 Wiarton 0.080 0.11 0.062 0.083 0.040 0.053 0.021 0.018 0.0052 0.0022 0.046 0.036 0.050 Windsor 0.096 0.15 0.063 0.085 0.035 0.045 0.017 0.014 0.0041 0.0017 0.057 0.073 0.048 Wingham 0.083 0.12 0.061 0.079 0.039 0.051 0.020 0.017 0.0050 0.0021 0.048 0.039 0.048 Woodstock 0.118 0.16 0.075 0.098 0.043 0.058 0.022 0.018 0.0055 0.0022 0.071 0.079 0.058 Wyoming 0.090 0.13 0.061 0.077 0.037 0.049 0.019 0.015 0.0047 0.0020 0.053 0.043 0.048

Quebec

0.40 0.254

0.24 0.160

0.12 0.091

0.040 0.047

0.013

0.0051

Acton-Vale 0.159 0.18 0.138 Alma 0.785 0.56 0.416 0.28 0.196 0.14 0.089 0.047 0.022 0.0075 0.486 0.31 0.339 Amos 0.109 0.17 0.078 0.12 0.049 0.068 0.026 0.023 0.0067 0.0028 0.064 0.055 0.063 Asbestos 0.200 0.35 0.137 0.22 0.082 0.12 0.043 0.039 0.012 0.0049 0.123 0.13 0.118 Aylmer 0.415 0.63 0.225 0.31 0.113 0.14 0.054 0.046 0.014 0.0053 0.265 0.32 0.186 Baie-Comeau 0.425 0.60 0.219 0.36 0.107 0.16 0.051 0.052 0.013 0.0051 0.275 0.39 0.182 Baie-Saint-Paul 1.62 2.1 0.872 1.1 0.406 0.49 0.179 0.14 0.043 0.012 0.986 1.2 0.735

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Beauport 0.509 0.56 0.275 0.33 0.138 0.16 0.067 0.053 0.018 0.0065 0.327 0.30 0.233 Bedford 0.358 0.56 0.204 0.28 0.107 0.12 0.053 0.043 0.014 0.0053 0.228 0.28 0.170 Beloeil 0.522 0.62 0.272 0.31 0.131 0.13 0.062 0.047 0.016 0.0059 0.333 0.32 0.225 Brome 0.236 0.38 0.152 0.23 0.087 0.12 0.045 0.039 0.012 0.0049 0.147 0.15 0.130 Brossard 0.587 0.64 0.306 0.31 0.145 0.14 0.067 0.047 0.017 0.0062 0.374 0.33 0.251 Buckingham 0.491 0.63 0.257 0.31 0.125 0.14 0.058 0.046 0.015 0.0056 0.316 0.32 0.213 Campbell's Bay 0.387 0.63 0.208 0.30 0.105 0.13 0.050 0.045 0.013 0.0051 0.248 0.32 0.173 Chambly 0.550 0.63 0.286 0.31 0.137 0.13 0.064 0.047 0.017 0.0059 0.352 0.32 0.236 Coaticook 0.193 0.41 0.129 0.25 0.077 0.11 0.040 0.038 0.011 0.0045 0.119 0.20 0.110 Contrecoeur 0.473 0.62 0.251 0.31 0.124 0.13 0.059 0.047 0.016 0.0058 0.303 0.32 0.207 Cowansville 0.273 0.42 0.168 0.24 0.094 0.12 0.048 0.040 0.013 0.0051 0.172 0.20 0.142 Deux-Montagnes 0.596 0.64 0.313 0.31 0.149 0.14 0.069 0.048 0.018 0.0062 0.380 0.32 0.258 Dolbeau 0.484 0.32 0.255 0.21 0.125 0.11 0.058 0.039 0.015 0.0055 0.308 0.13 0.211 Drummondville 0.273 0.46 0.167 0.25 0.094 0.12 0.048 0.041 0.013 0.0052 0.172 0.22 0.144 Farnham 0.369 0.54 0.208 0.28 0.109 0.13 0.054 0.043 0.015 0.0055 0.235 0.28 0.174 Fort-Coulonge 0.391 0.63 0.210 0.30 0.105 0.13 0.050 0.045 0.013 0.0051 0.251 0.32 0.174 Gagnon 0.078 0.095 0.060 0.10 0.040 0.063 0.021 0.023 0.0055 0.0022 0.045 0.036 0.048 Gaspé 0.128 0.19 0.090 0.17 0.056 0.080 0.029 0.031 0.0077 0.0032 0.076 0.061 0.074 Gatineau 0.442 0.63 0.238 0.31 0.119 0.14 0.056 0.046 0.015 0.0055 0.283 0.32 0.197 Gracefield 0.426 0.57 0.222 0.28 0.109 0.13 0.051 0.042 0.013 0.0051 0.278 0.28 0.185 Granby 0.275 0.42 0.169 0.24 0.094 0.12 0.048 0.040 0.013 0.0052 0.173 0.19 0.144 Harrington-Harbour 0.072 0.11 0.056 0.079 0.037 0.051 0.020 0.018 0.0052 0.0022 0.041 0.036 0.046 Havre-St-Pierre 0.231 0.28 0.122 0.17 0.062 0.077 0.030 0.029 0.0077 0.0031 0.148 0.15 0.097

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Hemmingford 0.546 0.64 0.290 0.31 0.141 0.14 0.066 0.047 0.017 0.0060 0.347 0.33 0.239 Hull 0.432 0.64 0.234 0.31 0.117 0.14 0.056 0.046 0.015 0.0055 0.276 0.32 0.195 Iberville 0.520 0.62 0.273 0.30 0.132 0.13 0.062 0.046 0.016 0.0059 0.332 0.32 0.225 Inukjuak 0.065 0.095 0.040 0.057 0.022 0.028 0.0094 0.009 0.0021 0.0010 0.038 0.036 0.028 Joliette 0.457 0.59 0.241 0.30 0.119 0.13 0.057 0.045 0.015 0.0056 0.293 0.31 0.201 Kuujjuaq 0.074 0.095 0.054 0.063 0.036 0.043 0.019 0.015 0.0049 0.0021 0.043 0.036 0.043 Kuujjuarapik 0.056 0.095 0.035 0.057 0.019 0.026 0.0078 0.008 0.0016 0.0008 0.032 0.036 0.024 La Pocatière 1.51 2.0 0.817 1.0 0.384 0.46 0.170 0.14 0.041 0.012 0.927 1.1 0.690 La-Malbaie 1.73 2.3 0.954 1.1 0.454 0.53 0.203 0.16 0.049 0.014 1.04 1.2 0.809 La-Tuque 0.196 0.32 0.137 0.22 0.082 0.12 0.043 0.041 0.012 0.0049 0.120 0.11 0.119 Lac-Mégantic 0.193 0.39 0.130 0.24 0.077 0.12 0.040 0.040 0.011 0.0045 0.119 0.19 0.111 Lachute 0.518 0.57 0.274 0.29 0.133 0.14 0.063 0.044 0.016 0.0059 0.333 0.30 0.228 Lennoxville 0.187 0.36 0.129 0.22 0.077 0.11 0.041 0.038 0.011 0.0046 0.114 0.14 0.110 Léry 0.603 0.65 0.318 0.31 0.152 0.14 0.070 0.048 0.018 0.0063 0.384 0.33 0.262 Loretteville 0.502 0.58 0.268 0.32 0.134 0.15 0.065 0.052 0.017 0.0063 0.323 0.31 0.227 Louiseville 0.366 0.59 0.201 0.30 0.105 0.13 0.052 0.045 0.014 0.0055 0.234 0.31 0.170 Magog 0.196 0.36 0.133 0.22 0.079 0.11 0.042 0.038 0.011 0.0046 0.120 0.14 0.114 Malartic 0.135 0.21 0.092 0.14 0.055 0.076 0.029 0.026 0.0074 0.0031 0.081 0.073 0.074 Maniwaki 0.430 0.61 0.220 0.29 0.107 0.13 0.050 0.042 0.013 0.0049 0.282 0.33 0.184 Masson 0.498 0.62 0.261 0.31 0.127 0.14 0.059 0.046 0.016 0.0056 0.320 0.31 0.216 Matane 0.455 0.60 0.230 0.37 0.110 0.16 0.052 0.052 0.013 0.0051 0.295 0.39 0.191 Mont-Joli 0.427 0.57 0.226 0.35 0.113 0.17 0.055 0.053 0.015 0.0055 0.275 0.30 0.191 Mont-Laurier 0.419 0.61 0.212 0.29 0.103 0.14 0.049 0.042 0.013 0.0048 0.276 0.33 0.177

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Montmagny 0.601 0.73 0.341 0.41 0.172 0.19 0.082 0.062 0.022 0.0075 0.382 0.34 0.286 Montréal Region

Beaconsfield 0.602 0.64 0.317 0.32 0.152 0.14 0.070 0.048 0.018 0.0063 0.383 0.33 0.260 Dorval 0.600 0.64 0.316 0.31 0.151 0.14 0.069 0.048 0.018 0.0062 0.382 0.33 0.259 Laval 0.595 0.64 0.311 0.31 0.148 0.14 0.068 0.048 0.018 0.0062 0.379 0.32 0.256 Montréal (City Hall) 0.595 0.64 0.311 0.31 0.148 0.14 0.068 0.048 0.018 0.0062 0.379 0.33 0.255 Montréal-Est 0.586 0.64 0.305 0.31 0.145 0.14 0.067 0.047 0.017 0.0062 0.374 0.32 0.250 Montréal-Nord 0.593 0.64 0.309 0.31 0.147 0.14 0.068 0.048 0.017 0.0062 0.378 0.33 0.254 Outremont 0.597 0.64 0.313 0.31 0.149 0.14 0.068 0.048 0.018 0.0062 0.380 0.33 0.256 Pierrefonds 0.599 0.64 0.315 0.31 0.151 0.14 0.069 0.048 0.018 0.0062 0.382 0.33 0.259 St-Lambert 0.590 0.64 0.307 0.31 0.146 0.14 0.067 0.047 0.017 0.0062 0.376 0.33 0.252 St-Laurent 0.598 0.64 0.314 0.31 0.149 0.14 0.069 0.048 0.018 0.0062 0.381 0.33 0.258 Ste-Anne-de- Bellevue

0.64 0.602

0.32 0.317

0.14 0.152

0.048 0.070

0.018

0.0063

0.33 0.383

0.262

Verdun 0.596 0.64 0.312 0.31 0.149 0.14 0.068 0.048 0.018 0.0062 0.380 0.33 0.256 Nicolet (Gentilly) 0.364 0.59 0.201 0.29 0.106 0.13 0.052 0.045 0.015 0.0055 0.233 0.31 0.170 Nitchequon 0.062 0.095 0.047 0.058 0.031 0.040 0.017 0.015 0.0041 0.0018 0.035 0.036 0.038 Noranda 0.132 0.19 0.088 0.12 0.052 0.069 0.027 0.023 0.0068 0.0028 0.080 0.066 0.070 Percé 0.114 0.18 0.084 0.15 0.053 0.078 0.029 0.030 0.0074 0.0032 0.067 0.052 0.068 Pincourt 0.602 0.65 0.318 0.32 0.152 0.14 0.070 0.048 0.018 0.0063 0.384 0.33 0.262 Plessisville 0.250 0.40 0.160 0.25 0.092 0.13 0.048 0.043 0.013 0.0052 0.157 0.19 0.140 Port-Cartier 0.323 0.42 0.169 0.26 0.084 0.11 0.040 0.041 0.010 0.0039 0.210 0.21 0.137 Puvirnituq 0.108 0.19 0.058 0.091 0.029 0.049 0.012 0.013 0.0025 0.0011 0.068 0.099 0.043

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Québec City Region

Ancienne- Lorette

0.57

0.487

0.31

0.258

0.15

0.130

0.052

0.062

0.017

0.0062

0.30

0.314

0.220

Lévis 0.493 0.55 0.265 0.32 0.134 0.15 0.065 0.053 0.017 0.0063 0.317 0.29 0.225 Québec 0.493 0.55 0.265 0.32 0.133 0.15 0.064 0.052 0.017 0.0063 0.318 0.30 0.225 Sillery 0.486 0.55 0.260 0.32 0.131 0.15 0.063 0.052 0.017 0.0062 0.313 0.29 0.221 Ste-Foy 0.488 0.55 0.261 0.32 0.131 0.15 0.063 0.052 0.017 0.0062 0.315 0.30 0.221

Richmond 0.208 0.35 0.140 0.22 0.083 0.12 0.044 0.039 0.012 0.0049 0.128 0.13 0.121 Rimouski 0.408 0.58 0.224 0.32 0.116 0.16 0.056 0.053 0.015 0.0056 0.262 0.31 0.192 Rivière-du-Loup 1.16 1.0 0.616 0.56 0.288 0.24 0.129 0.080 0.032 0.0097 0.724 0.49 0.517 Roberval 0.688 0.41 0.353 0.24 0.164 0.12 0.074 0.042 0.019 0.0065 0.430 0.22 0.287 Rock-Island 0.199 0.42 0.133 0.25 0.078 0.11 0.041 0.039 0.011 0.0046 0.123 0.19 0.113 Rosemère 0.591 0.64 0.309 0.31 0.147 0.14 0.068 0.047 0.017 0.0062 0.377 0.32 0.255 Rouyn 0.134 0.19 0.089 0.12 0.052 0.070 0.027 0.024 0.0068 0.0028 0.081 0.066 0.070 Saguenay 0.791 0.58 0.425 0.32 0.204 0.15 0.095 0.052 0.024 0.0080 0.491 0.31 0.353 Saguenay (Bagotville) 0.801 0.59 0.434 0.34 0.210 0.16 0.098 0.053 0.025 0.0083 0.498 0.31 0.362 Saguenay (Jonquière) 0.798 0.58 0.428 0.32 0.206 0.15 0.095 0.052 0.024 0.0080 0.495 0.31 0.354 Saguenay (Kenogami) 0.799 0.58 0.428 0.32 0.206 0.15 0.095 0.051 0.024 0.0080 0.496 0.31 0.354 Saint-Eustache 0.593 0.64 0.311 0.31 0.149 0.14 0.068 0.047 0.018 0.0062 0.378 0.32 0.256 Saint-Jean-sur- Richelieu

0.63 0.522

0.31 0.274

0.13 0.133

0.046 0.062

0.016

0.0059

0.32 0.333

0.227

Salaberry-de- Valleyfield

0.64 0.602

0.31 0.318

0.14 0.152

0.047 0.070

0.018

0.0063

0.33 0.384

0.262

Schefferville 0.059 0.095 0.042 0.057 0.027 0.035 0.014 0.014 0.0033 0.0015 0.034 0.036 0.031

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Senneterre 0.114 0.20 0.083 0.13 0.052 0.079 0.028 0.025 0.0071 0.0031 0.067 0.065 0.067 Sept-Îles 0.295 0.30 0.156 0.22 0.078 0.098 0.037 0.037 0.0095 0.0038 0.191 0.12 0.126 Shawinigan 0.306 0.55 0.179 0.28 0.098 0.12 0.049 0.043 0.014 0.0053 0.195 0.29 0.154 Shawville 0.386 0.63 0.208 0.30 0.105 0.13 0.050 0.045 0.013 0.0051 0.248 0.32 0.173 Sherbrooke 0.187 0.35 0.129 0.22 0.078 0.11 0.041 0.038 0.011 0.0046 0.115 0.13 0.111 Sorel 0.406 0.61 0.220 0.30 0.113 0.13 0.055 0.046 0.015 0.0056 0.259 0.32 0.184 St-Félicien 0.488 0.32 0.259 0.21 0.127 0.11 0.059 0.039 0.016 0.0056 0.309 0.13 0.212 St-Georges-de-

Cacouna 0.80 0.857

0.46 0.478

0.21 0.234

0.068 0.109

0.028

0.0090

0.39 0.533

0.396

St-Hubert 0.581 0.64 0.302 0.31 0.144 0.14 0.066 0.047 0.017 0.0060 0.371 0.33 0.248 Saint-Hubert-de-

Rivière-du-Loup 0.61 0.468

0.36 0.279

0.17 0.147

0.058 0.073

0.020

0.0069

0.24 0.298

0.237

St-Hyacinthe 0.369 0.55 0.208 0.28 0.109 0.13 0.054 0.043 0.015 0.0055 0.235 0.28 0.174 St-Jérôme 0.539 0.59 0.282 0.30 0.135 0.13 0.063 0.045 0.017 0.0059 0.346 0.30 0.233 St-Jovite 0.428 0.61 0.222 0.30 0.110 0.14 0.052 0.043 0.014 0.0052 0.281 0.32 0.186 St-Lazare-Hudson 0.597 0.64 0.315 0.31 0.151 0.14 0.070 0.048 0.018 0.0062 0.380 0.32 0.259 St-Nicolas 0.466 0.55 0.248 0.31 0.125 0.15 0.060 0.051 0.016 0.0060 0.301 0.30 0.211 Ste-Agathe-des-

Monts 0.56 0.431

0.29 0.226

0.14 0.112

0.043 0.054

0.014

0.0053

0.30 0.282

0.191

Sutton 0.243 0.39 0.154 0.23 0.088 0.12 0.045 0.039 0.012 0.0049 0.152 0.16 0.131 Tadoussac 0.694 0.68 0.399 0.40 0.202 0.19 0.097 0.061 0.026 0.0084 0.434 0.32 0.335 Témiscaming 0.820 0.55 0.411 0.26 0.181 0.11 0.075 0.036 0.017 0.0053 0.516 0.30 0.329 Terrebonne 0.584 0.63 0.304 0.31 0.144 0.14 0.067 0.048 0.017 0.0060 0.373 0.32 0.250 Thetford Mines 0.207 0.36 0.142 0.24 0.084 0.12 0.044 0.043 0.012 0.0049 0.127 0.12 0.123

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Thurso 0.492 0.58 0.258 0.29 0.126 0.14 0.059 0.043 0.016 0.0056 0.318 0.28 0.215 Trois-Rivières 0.366 0.59 0.200 0.30 0.105 0.13 0.052 0.045 0.014 0.0055 0.234 0.31 0.170 Val-d'Or 0.135 0.22 0.093 0.14 0.056 0.079 0.029 0.027 0.0076 0.0032 0.081 0.076 0.074 Varennes 0.571 0.64 0.296 0.31 0.141 0.13 0.065 0.047 0.017 0.0060 0.365 0.32 0.243 Verchères 0.537 0.63 0.278 0.31 0.134 0.13 0.062 0.047 0.016 0.0059 0.343 0.32 0.229 Victoriaville 0.233 0.39 0.152 0.23 0.089 0.12 0.046 0.041 0.013 0.0051 0.145 0.18 0.133 Ville-Marie 0.262 0.27 0.148 0.16 0.076 0.083 0.037 0.027 0.0093 0.0037 0.166 0.13 0.117 Wakefield 0.409 0.62 0.222 0.31 0.111 0.14 0.054 0.046 0.014 0.0053 0.262 0.31 0.185 Waterloo 0.232 0.37 0.150 0.23 0.087 0.12 0.045 0.039 0.012 0.0049 0.144 0.14 0.129 Windsor 0.194 0.35 0.134 0.22 0.080 0.11 0.042 0.038 0.012 0.0048 0.119 0.12 0.115

New Brunswick

0.24 0.144

0.16 0.096

0.082 0.058

0.028 0.030

0.0078

0.0034

Alma 0.088 0.12 0.079 Bathurst 0.217 0.34 0.127 0.21 0.071 0.10 0.036 0.035 0.0090 0.0038 0.138 0.19 0.105 Campbellton 0.210 0.37 0.133 0.24 0.076 0.12 0.039 0.041 0.010 0.0042 0.132 0.19 0.113 Edmundston 0.231 0.46 0.153 0.30 0.089 0.14 0.046 0.050 0.012 0.0049 0.145 0.18 0.134 Fredericton 0.210 0.33 0.127 0.21 0.071 0.10 0.037 0.034 0.0093 0.0039 0.133 0.18 0.105 Gagetown 0.195 0.30 0.119 0.19 0.068 0.098 0.035 0.033 0.0089 0.0038 0.122 0.15 0.098 Grand Falls 0.254 0.38 0.153 0.26 0.085 0.13 0.043 0.044 0.011 0.0046 0.162 0.20 0.131 Miramichi 0.214 0.34 0.125 0.21 0.069 0.096 0.035 0.033 0.0087 0.0037 0.136 0.19 0.102 Moncton 0.158 0.25 0.100 0.17 0.059 0.084 0.031 0.029 0.0078 0.0034 0.098 0.14 0.083 Oromocto 0.209 0.31 0.126 0.20 0.071 0.10 0.036 0.034 0.0092 0.0039 0.132 0.17 0.103 Sackville 0.140 0.22 0.093 0.15 0.057 0.079 0.030 0.027 0.0078 0.0034 0.085 0.11 0.079 Saint Andrews 0.874 0.66 0.436 0.30 0.189 0.13 0.077 0.039 0.017 0.0053 0.544 0.35 0.345

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Saint George 0.578 0.58 0.298 0.27 0.135 0.12 0.058 0.040 0.014 0.0048 0.367 0.30 0.232 Saint John 0.199 0.29 0.121 0.18 0.068 0.093 0.035 0.031 0.0089 0.0037 0.125 0.15 0.097 Shippagan 0.143 0.29 0.096 0.18 0.058 0.090 0.030 0.031 0.0078 0.0034 0.087 0.17 0.079 St. Stephen 0.781 0.62 0.380 0.29 0.163 0.12 0.067 0.039 0.015 0.0051 0.491 0.33 0.302 Woodstock 0.206 0.35 0.129 0.22 0.074 0.12 0.038 0.039 0.0099 0.0042 0.130 0.20 0.109

Nova Scotia

0.21 0.130

0.14 0.089

0.076 0.055

0.026 0.030

0.0078

0.0034

Amherst 0.078 0.085 0.074 Antigonish 0.098 0.19 0.076 0.13 0.050 0.078 0.028 0.025 0.0073 0.0031 0.057 0.068 0.064 Bridgewater 0.117 0.23 0.086 0.15 0.054 0.084 0.029 0.027 0.0078 0.0034 0.068 0.084 0.071 Canso 0.114 0.23 0.085 0.15 0.054 0.085 0.029 0.027 0.0078 0.0034 0.066 0.091 0.071 Debert 0.107 0.21 0.080 0.14 0.052 0.078 0.029 0.026 0.0076 0.0032 0.062 0.080 0.068 Digby 0.164 0.23 0.105 0.14 0.061 0.081 0.032 0.027 0.0083 0.0035 0.101 0.087 0.085 Greenwood (CFB) 0.128 0.23 0.090 0.14 0.055 0.081 0.029 0.027 0.0077 0.0032 0.076 0.088 0.074 Halifax Region

Dartmouth 0.110 0.23 0.082 0.15 0.053 0.085 0.029 0.027 0.0076 0.0032 0.064 0.086 0.068 Halifax 0.110 0.23 0.082 0.15 0.053 0.085 0.029 0.027 0.0076 0.0032 0.064 0.086 0.068

Kentville 0.120 0.23 0.087 0.14 0.055 0.080 0.030 0.027 0.0078 0.0034 0.071 0.087 0.072 Liverpool 0.120 0.24 0.086 0.15 0.054 0.087 0.029 0.028 0.0076 0.0032 0.070 0.090 0.070 Lockeport 0.123 0.25 0.087 0.15 0.054 0.088 0.028 0.028 0.0074 0.0031 0.073 0.095 0.071 Louisburg 0.119 0.22 0.089 0.14 0.056 0.082 0.030 0.026 0.0080 0.0035 0.069 0.081 0.074 Lunenburg 0.115 0.23 0.085 0.15 0.054 0.085 0.029 0.028 0.0078 0.0034 0.067 0.086 0.070 New Glasgow 0.099 0.18 0.077 0.12 0.051 0.075 0.028 0.025 0.0074 0.0032 0.057 0.057 0.064 North Sydney 0.105 0.19 0.081 0.12 0.053 0.075 0.029 0.024 0.0076 0.0032 0.061 0.067 0.068

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Pictou 0.098 0.17 0.076 0.12 0.050 0.073 0.028 0.024 0.0074 0.0031 0.057 0.053 0.064 Port Hawkesbury 0.102 0.21 0.079 0.13 0.052 0.080 0.028 0.026 0.0076 0.0032 0.059 0.076 0.066 Springhill 0.118 0.21 0.085 0.14 0.054 0.077 0.029 0.026 0.0077 0.0034 0.070 0.085 0.071 Stewiacke 0.107 0.21 0.081 0.14 0.053 0.081 0.029 0.027 0.0077 0.0032 0.062 0.085 0.068 Sydney 0.108 0.19 0.083 0.13 0.054 0.077 0.029 0.024 0.0077 0.0034 0.063 0.070 0.070 Tatamagouche 0.103 0.18 0.079 0.12 0.052 0.073 0.028 0.025 0.0076 0.0032 0.061 0.056 0.066 Truro 0.105 0.21 0.080 0.14 0.052 0.079 0.029 0.026 0.0076 0.0032 0.061 0.076 0.067 Wolfville 0.118 0.22 0.086 0.14 0.055 0.080 0.030 0.026 0.0078 0.0034 0.069 0.088 0.071 Yarmouth 0.137 0.22 0.094 0.14 0.057 0.083 0.030 0.027 0.0078 0.0034 0.082 0.082 0.075

Prince Edward Island

0.15 0.103

0.11

0.028

0.0074

0.0032

Charlottetown 0.077 0.051 0.070 0.024 0.060 0.049 0.066 Souris 0.091 0.14 0.073 0.11 0.049 0.067 0.027 0.023 0.0071 0.0031 0.052 0.044 0.062 Summerside 0.133 0.17 0.089 0.12 0.055 0.074 0.029 0.026 0.0076 0.0032 0.082 0.050 0.075 Tignish 0.135 0.19 0.090 0.13 0.056 0.077 0.030 0.027 0.0076 0.0032 0.083 0.055 0.076

Newfoundland

0.17 0.098

0.12

0.029

0.0076

0.0032

Argentia 0.079 0.052 0.074 0.024 0.056 0.060 0.066 Bonavista 0.083 0.16 0.067 0.11 0.045 0.072 0.025 0.024 0.0065 0.0028 0.047 0.056 0.056 Buchans 0.077 0.13 0.064 0.090 0.044 0.058 0.024 0.020 0.0064 0.0028 0.043 0.044 0.054 Cape Harrison 0.125 0.22 0.087 0.17 0.052 0.082 0.028 0.027 0.0071 0.0031 0.074 0.079 0.068 Cape Race 0.108 0.20 0.085 0.14 0.055 0.084 0.030 0.027 0.0080 0.0034 0.062 0.071 0.071 Channel-Port aux

Basques

0.14 0.088 0.10 0.071

0.064 0.048

0.022 0.026

0.0068

0.0030

0.048 0.050

0.059

Corner Brook 0.074 0.12 0.062 0.087 0.043 0.056 0.024 0.019 0.0062 0.0027 0.042 0.043 0.052

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Gander 0.077 0.14 0.064 0.10 0.044 0.065 0.024 0.022 0.0064 0.0027 0.044 0.047 0.054 Grand Bank 0.115 0.19 0.090 0.13 0.057 0.079 0.031 0.025 0.0081 0.0035 0.067 0.063 0.074 Grand Falls 0.076 0.13 0.064 0.093 0.044 0.061 0.024 0.020 0.0064 0.0027 0.043 0.045 0.054 Happy Valley-Goose

Bay

0.13 0.067 0.091 0.050

0.057 0.032

0.020 0.017

0.0044

0.0018

0.045 0.039

0.040

Labrador City 0.067 0.095 0.052 0.076 0.035 0.048 0.019 0.019 0.0047 0.0020 0.038 0.036 0.042 St. Anthony 0.073 0.14 0.057 0.10 0.038 0.065 0.021 0.022 0.0053 0.0022 0.041 0.048 0.047 St. John's 0.090 0.17 0.073 0.12 0.049 0.076 0.027 0.025 0.0071 0.0031 0.052 0.057 0.062 Stephenville 0.077 0.12 0.064 0.091 0.044 0.058 0.025 0.020 0.0064 0.0028 0.044 0.043 0.054 Twin Falls 0.064 0.095 0.047 0.068 0.030 0.040 0.016 0.016 0.0040 0.0017 0.037 0.036 0.036 Wabana 0.089 0.17 0.072 0.12 0.048 0.075 0.027 0.025 0.0071 0.0031 0.051 0.056 0.060 Wabush 0.067 0.095 0.052 0.077 0.035 0.048 0.019 0.019 0.0047 0.0020 0.039 0.036 0.042

Yukon

0.27 0.446

0.20 0.364

0.13 0.233

0.076 0.122

0.043

0.016

Aishihik 0.218 0.14 0.255 Dawson 0.396 0.54 0.277 0.34 0.168 0.17 0.087 0.094 0.030 0.012 0.185 0.25 0.174 Destruction Bay 1.54 0.73 1.15 0.49 0.666 0.27 0.330 0.15 0.119 0.038 0.693 0.33 0.816 Faro 0.271 0.21 0.189 0.13 0.122 0.067 0.067 0.040 0.023 0.0091 0.126 0.11 0.125 Haines Junction 0.973 0.72 0.691 0.47 0.398 0.27 0.193 0.15 0.066 0.022 0.467 0.33 0.452 Snag 0.502 0.61 0.394 0.40 0.254 0.22 0.138 0.12 0.052 0.019 0.242 0.28 0.294 Teslin 0.284 0.19 0.202 0.11 0.129 0.065 0.073 0.041 0.025 0.0096 0.133 0.099 0.138 Watson Lake 0.304 0.45 0.214 0.26 0.125 0.12 0.061 0.067 0.020 0.0077 0.142 0.22 0.123 Whitehorse 0.334 0.22 0.258 0.15 0.170 0.10 0.094 0.060 0.033 0.012 0.154 0.11 0.184

Northwest Territories

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Aklavik 0.475 0.18 0.321 0.12 0.183 0.060 0.089 0.035 0.029 0.011 0.225 0.11 0.199 Echo Bay / Port Radium 0.052 0.095 0.038 0.057 0.031 0.026 0.020 0.009 0.0068 0.0031 0.030 0.036 0.032 Fort Good Hope 0.257 0.15 0.197 0.10 0.128 0.059 0.068 0.036 0.024 0.0091 0.119 0.080 0.127 Fort McPherson 0.476 0.44 0.354 0.27 0.211 0.13 0.103 0.078 0.035 0.013 0.225 0.21 0.223 Fort Providence 0.055 0.095 0.044 0.057 0.037 0.026 0.023 0.011 0.0077 0.0035 0.031 0.036 0.038 Fort Resolution 0.052 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0072 0.008 0.0015 0.0008 0.030 0.036 0.021 Fort Simpson 0.154 0.11 0.134 0.080 0.090 0.047 0.047 0.029 0.016 0.0062 0.072 0.059 0.083 Fort Smith 0.052 0.095 0.031 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0065 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.030 0.036 0.021 Hay River 0.053 0.095 0.034 0.057 0.025 0.026 0.016 0.008 0.0056 0.0025 0.031 0.036 0.028 Holman/ Ulukhaqtuuq

0.095 0.053

0.057 0.032

0.027 0.019

0.009 0.0097

0.0030

0.0014

0.036 0.031

0.023

Inuvik 0.308 0.10 0.223 0.069 0.139 0.041 0.072 0.026 0.025 0.0094 0.145 0.060 0.149 Mould Bay 0.066 0.32 0.051 0.16 0.032 0.084 0.017 0.024 0.0041 0.0018 0.036 0.16 0.040 Norman Wells 0.688 0.51 0.445 0.31 0.238 0.16 0.105 0.086 0.031 0.011 0.340 0.24 0.256 Rae-Edzo 0.052 0.095 0.036 0.057 0.029 0.026 0.019 0.008 0.0065 0.0030 0.030 0.036 0.031 Tungsten 0.325 0.51 0.238 0.31 0.143 0.16 0.070 0.087 0.023 0.0089 0.153 0.24 0.145 Wrigley 0.653 0.51 0.421 0.31 0.224 0.15 0.099 0.082 0.029 0.010 0.319 0.24 0.241 Yellowknife 0.052 0.095 0.032 0.057 0.017 0.026 0.0070 0.008 0.0015 0.0008 0.030 0.036 0.021

Nunavut Alert 0.145 0.095 0.083 0.057 0.044 0.027 0.021 0.009 0.0049 0.0020 0.091 0.036 0.062 Arctic Bay 0.111 0.16 0.080 0.12 0.052 0.081 0.028 0.028 0.0071 0.0031 0.066 0.053 0.066 Arviat / Eskimo Point 0.054 0.095 0.037 0.057 0.022 0.026 0.0097 0.008 0.0021 0.0011 0.031 0.036 0.025 Baker Lake 0.068 0.095 0.048 0.057 0.029 0.027 0.014 0.008 0.0031 0.0014 0.039 0.036 0.035

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Climatic Data

Seismic Data (1)


PGA

PGA PGV

Cambridge Bay/Iqaluktuuttiaq

0.095 0.059

0.057 0.041

0.026 0.025

0.008 0.012

0.0025

0.0013

0.036 0.034

0.030

Chesterfield Inlet/Igluligaarjuk

0.14 0.081

0.077 0.054

0.044 0.031

0.012 0.015

0.0034

0.0015

0.048 0.047

0.042

Clyde River /Kanngiqtugaapik

0.49 0.306

0.32 0.186

0.18 0.104

0.058 0.053

0.015

0.0056

0.24 0.195

0.162

Coppermine (Kugluktuk) 0.053 0.095 0.031 0.057 0.016 0.026 0.0066 0.008 0.0013 0.0007 0.031 0.036 0.021 Coral Harbour /Salliq 0.103 0.20 0.064 0.10 0.035 0.056 0.016 0.015 0.0037 0.0015 0.062 0.10 0.048 Eureka 0.173 0.29 0.107 0.13 0.066 0.071 0.036 0.022 0.0096 0.0042 0.110 0.15 0.091 Iqaluit 0.087 0.12 0.065 0.093 0.043 0.059 0.023 0.020 0.0058 0.0025 0.051 0.036 0.052 Isachsen 0.259 0.36 0.173 0.21 0.105 0.10 0.056 0.034 0.017 0.0063 0.163 0.15 0.161 Nottingham Island 0.109 0.20 0.060 0.10 0.031 0.054 0.014 0.015 0.0030 0.0014 0.068 0.10 0.044 Rankin Inlet (Kangiqiniq) 0.064 0.095 0.045 0.057 0.027 0.031 0.013 0.009 0.0028 0.0014 0.036 0.036 0.034 Resolute 0.194 0.30 0.107 0.15 0.059 0.083 0.030 0.025 0.0074 0.0031 0.125 0.15 0.086 Resolution Island 0.203 0.40 0.123 0.21 0.069 0.11 0.035 0.033 0.0092 0.0038 0.128 0.20 0.102

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Note to Table [A-2] C-2.:

(1) Refer to the Commentary on Design for Seismic Effects in the Structural Commentaries on the National Building Code of Canada 2010 for more detailed data on seismic parameters in selected metropolitan areas.

RATIONALE

Problem The introductory paragraph and seismic hazard values in Table C-2 of NBC 2010 do not reflect current knowledge of seismic hazard across the country.

Justification - Explanation A major effort on the part of SCED has resulted in much improved estimates of seismic hazard across the country. This is the first major update of the seismic hazard model in Canada in 20 years, and will bring the NBC in line with modern seismic hazard maps used in building codes in the United States and other jurisdictions.

For most locales, the new GMPEs are the most significant reason for changes in the hazard results from 2010. The values have also changed as a result of inclusion of Cascadia subduction source probabilistically to seismic hazard for areas of western Canada and the explicit inclusion of fault sources such as those in Haida Gwaii and the Yukon.

In some localities in western Canada, affected by the Cascadia subduction zone, it has been determined that the current code values are not conservative, and may not achieve the desired level of earthquake safety for some types of structures. The proposed code changes will rectify these issues.

Cost implications In some location the assessed hazard has gone up and in other areas it has gone down. In areas where the assessed hazard has gone up, the cost implications are unavoidable as they are required for seismic safety. There may be cost increase or decrease of the order of 1% of the overall cost of the building wherever the estimated hazard has changed.

Enforcement implications None

Who is affected Building officials, Consultants, Contractors and Building Owners

OBJECTIVE-BASED ANALYSIS OF NEW OR CHANGED PROVISIONS

N/A


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Committee: Executive Committee (43.5.3) Last modified: 2014-06-19 Page: 1/2

Proposed Change 841 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.A 1.4.1.2.(1) Subject: NECB Definitions Title: Adding NBC defined term storage garage to NECB

PROPOSED CHANGE

[1.4.1.2.] 1.4.1.2. Defined Terms [1] 1) The words and terms in italics in this Code shall have the following meanings:

Storage garage* means a building or part thereof intended for the storage or parking of motor vehicles and containing no provision for the repair or servicing of such vehicles. (See Appendix A.)

A-1.4.1.2.(1) Defined Terms. Building Envelope Application Several types of spaces can be unconditioned and thus need to be treated differently, e.g., mechanical rooms, crawl spaces, garages, loading docks. There is also a need to consider components that separate spaces that are conditioned to substantially different temperatures (e.g., swimming pools, skating rinks).

Gross Lighted Area Gross lighted area cannot be tied to the building envelope because the building envelope relates only to conditioned space. Gross lighted area is used in the calculation of interior lighting power allowance, which includes all interior lighting, whether the space is conditioned or not, and some lighting of exterior spaces; lighting in elevator and service shafts, if provided at all, is not factored in since it would not have a significant impact on the interior lighting power allowance.

Interior Lighting

Building envelope Given the definition of building envelope, Clause (a) of the definition of interior lighting applies to lighting of all conditioned spaces.

Other sheltered spaces Storage garages (parking garages), bus shelters and retail outlets (such as market stalls) are examples of interior spaces that are sheltered from the exterior environment and not necessarily conditioned where the interior lighting is intended only to illuminate that space. The illumination of a covered exterior walkway may be considered exterior lighting or interior lighting, depending on whether the lighting is intended to light the area around the walkway or only the walkway itself. If only the covered walkway is illuminated, limits for lighting interior corridors would apply.

Overall Thermal Transmittance (U-value)

The overall thermal transmittance, U-value in W/(m2·K), is the inverse of the effective RSI in m2·K/W. To convert RSI to an imperial R-value, use 1 m2·K/W = 5.678263 h·ft2·°F/Btu.

Service Room Typical examples of service rooms include boiler rooms, furnace rooms, incinerator rooms, garbage-handling rooms, and rooms to accommodate air-conditioning or heating appliances, pumps, compressors and electrical equipment. Rooms such as elevator machine rooms and common laundry rooms are not considered to be service rooms.

Storage Garage

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Committee: Executive Committee (43.5.3) Last modified: 2014-06-19 Page: 2/2

Entrances at which vehicles stop for a short time beneath an unenclosed canopy to pick up and drop off passengers are not considered as storage garages.

Suite Tenancy in the context of the term “suite” applies to both rental and ownership tenure. In a condominium arrangement, for example, dwelling units are considered separate suites even though they are individually owned. In order to be of complementary use, a series of rooms that constitute a suite must be in reasonably close proximity to each other and have access to each other either directly by means of a common doorway or indirectly by a corridor, vestibule or other similar arrangement. The term “suite” does not apply to rooms such as service rooms, common laundry rooms and common recreational rooms that are not leased or under a separate tenure in the context of the Code. Similarly, the term “suite” is not normally applied in the context of buildings such as schools and hospitals, since the entire building is under a single tenure. However, a room that is individually rented is considered a suite. A warehousing unit in a mini-warehouse is a suite. A rented room in a nursing home could be considered as a suite if the room were under a separate tenure. A hospital bedroom, on the other hand, is not considered to be under a separate tenure, since the patient has little control of that space, even though he or she pays the hospital a per diem rate for the privilege of using the hospital facilities, which include the sleeping areas.

RATIONALE

Problem The NECB uses the terms "parking garage" and "storage garage" while the NBC uses only the defined term "storage garage". The use of the terms should be consistent since they mean the same thing.

Justification - Explanation Introduce the NBC defined term "storage garage" into the NECB, without change. All occurrences of parking garage in the NECB will be changed to storage garage (editorial).

Cost implications None.

Enforcement implications None.

Who is affected Designers, manufacturers, builders, specification writers and building officials.

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Committee: Energy Efficiency in Buildings Last modified: 2014-06-19 Page: 1/3

Proposed Change 883 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B 4.3.1.3. Subject: NECB Part 4 Trade-off Path Title: Building Energy Estimation Methodology (BEEM) in the Lighting Trade-off

Path Description: The proposed change introduces an additional option for demonstrating

compliance with the lighting trade-off path.

PROPOSED CHANGE

[4.3.1.3.] 4.3.1.3. Compliance [1] --) The total annual energy consumption of interior lighting of the proposed building shall be calculated in

accordance with [a] --) Subsection 4.3.2., or [b] --) except as provided in Sentence (4), CSA C873.4, “Building Energy Estimation Methodology –

Part 4 – Energy Consumption for Lighting.”

[2] --) The maximum allowed annual energy consumption of interior lighting of the reference building shall be calculated in accordance with [a] --) Subsection 4.3.3., or [b] --) except as provided in Sentence (5), CSA C873.4, “Building Energy Estimation Methodology – Part 4 – Energy Consumption for Lighting.”

[3] 1) Interior lighting shall be deemed to comply with this Section where if the installed interior lighting energy (IILE) in the proposed building calculated in accordance with Subsection 4.3.2. is less than or equal to the interior lighting energy allowance (ILEA) calculated in accordance with Subsection 4.3.3. [a] --) the total annual energy consumption of interior lighting in the proposed building calculated in

accordance with Subsection 4.3.2. is less than or equal to the maximum allowed annual energy consumption of interior lighting in the reference building calculated in accordance with Subsection 4.3.3., or

[b] --) the total annual energy consumption of interior lighting in the proposed building calculated in accordance with CSA C873.4, “Building Energy Estimation Methodology – Part 4 – Energy Consumption for Lighting,” is less than or equal to the maximum allowed annual energy consumption of interior lighting in the reference building calculated in accordance with that same standard.

[4] --) Where the total annual energy consumption of interior lighting in the proposed building is calculated in accordance with CSA C873.4, “Building Energy Estimation Methodology – Part 4 – Energy Consumption for Lighting,” the following substitutions shall apply: [a] --) NECB Table 4.3.2.7.A. instead of CSA Table 8, [b] --) NECB Table 4.3.2.7.B. instead of CSA Table 9, [c] --) NECB Table 4.3.2.10.B. instead of CSA Table 16, and [d] --) NECB Articles 4.3.2.3. and 4.3.2.4. instead of CSA Clause 5.3.

[5] --) Where the maximum allowed annual energy consumption of interior lighting in the reference building is calculated in accordance with CSA C873.4, “Building Energy Estimation Methodology – Part 4 – Energy Consumption for Lighting,” the following qualifications shall apply: [a] --) the lighting power density for each space shall be determined using Table 4.2.1.6., and [b] --) NECB Sentences 4.3.3.7.(4) and (5) and Article 4.3.3.10. shall be used instead of CSA Clauses

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RATIONALE

Problem The existing trade-off path is limited in that it only includes one daylighting system (interior blinds) and is based on one location (for effect of available daylight hours).

Justification - Explanation Add the CSA C873 (BEEM) methodology for lighting as an additional option for demonstrating compliance with the trade-off path. The BEEM is more flexible and more accurate as it includes three daylighting systems (standard systems, light-directing systems and permanent shading systems) and three latitude ranges (30° to 45°, 45° to 60°, 60° to 75°). Due to the fact that the daylighting considerations for the existing trade-off path calculations are based on the analysis for the location Ottawa, the BEEM results are considered to be more suitable for locations that are much further North or South from Ottawa.

To better align with the existing trade-off path, some modifications were made in the application of BEEM under the new trade-off path.

While the absolute results of the BEEM calculation for estimating the energy use of a lighting system will not be identical to that of the existing trade-off path calculations, the two methods give similar relative results for compliance demonstration purposes when the proposed building’s lighting system energy use is compared against that of the reference building's. Thus, as long as the overall conclusion is the same, the methods are comparable. Based on calculations and validation, there is strong indication that the two methods are comparable.





[4.3.1.3.] -- ([1] --) [F94-OE1.1] [4.3.1.3.] -- ([2] --) [F94-OE1.1] [4.3.1.3.] 4.3.1.3. ([3] 1) [F94-OE1.1] [4.3.1.3.] -- ([4] --) [F94-OE1.1] [4.3.1.3.] -- ([5] --) [F94-OE1.1]

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Proposed Change 847 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B Table 4.3.2.8.

NECB11 Div.B Table 4.3.2.10.B Subject: NECB Part 4 Trade-off Path Title: Tables 4.3.2.8. and 4.3.2.10.B. in Lighting Trade-off Path Description: The proposed change revises Tables 4.3.2.8. and 4.3.2.10.B. in the lighting

trade-off path to account for changes to the interior control requirements introduced in the prescriptive path.

PROPOSED CHANGE

Table [4.3.2.8.] 4.3.2.8. Raw Daylight Supply Factors for Rough Opening in Primary Sidelighted Area (1) , CDL,sup,raw,i

Forming part of Sentence 4.3.2.8.(3)

Design Illuminance, in lx (2)

Orientation of Fenestration Providing Sidelighting

North East South West

CDL,sup,raw,i (1)

300 0.72 0.72 0.74 0.73

500 0.59 0.62 0.66 0.64

750 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.57

1000 0.44 0.49 0.55 0.52

Notes to Table [4.3.2.8.] 4.3.2.8.:

(1) To determine the factor for combined primary plus secondary sidelighted areas, multiply the factor for the primary sidelighted area by 0.75.

(2) See Appendix A.

Table [4.3.2.10.] 4.3.2.10.B.

Factor to Account for Occupancy-Sensing Mechanism, Cocc,ctrl,i

Forming part of Sentences 4.3.2.10.(1) and 4.3.3.10.(1)

Occupancy-Sensing Mechanism Cocc,ctrl,i

Manual 0.30 (on/off or bi-level)

Automatic 0.67 full off (full on)

Automatic full off (restricted to manual on or automatic partial on) 0.75

Automatic partial off (restricted to manual on) 0.34

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RATIONALE

Problem The trade-off path must align with the prescriptive path requirements.

Justification - Explanation To account for the energy impact of new control types and their application in the prescriptive path, changes were required in the trade-off path. New occupancy-sensing mechanisms and factors were introduced in Table 4.3.2.10.B. A new adjustment factor was added to Table 4.3.2.8. for combined primary and secondary daylighted areas. The factors to Account for Occupancy-Sensing Mechanism in 4.3.2.10.B are based on available case study and research data and account for the variability based on space types, occupancy types, and building types. The committee used expert knowledge, experience and judgment when specific data was not available for a particular application.





N/A

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Proposed Change 840 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B Table 4.3.2.10.A Subject: NECB Part 4 Trade-off Path Title: Table 4.3.2.10.A in Lighting Trade-off Path Description: The proposed change adds new space types and their corresponding

relative absence and personal control values and reorders or renames space types in Table 4.3.2.10.A. in order to harmonize the space type categories with changes in similar Part 4 tables.

Related Proposed Change(s):

PCF 585, PCF 839

PROPOSED CHANGE

Table [4.3.2.10.] 4.3.2.10.A. Factors for Relative Absence of Occupants and Personal Control According to Space Type

Forming part of Sentences 4.3.2.10.(1) and (2) and 4.3.3.10.(1)

Common Space Types

Space Types

Factors

Relative Absence of Occupants, CA,i

Personal Control, Cpers,ctrl,i

Atrium

0

0 first 13 m≤ to 12 m in height height above 13 m 0 > 12 m in height 0

Audience seating area – permanent

0.3

0 for auditorium for convention centre 0 0.2

0 for gymnasium 0 for motion picture theatre 0 0

0 for penitentiary 0 for performing arts theatre 0 0 for religious building 0 0.3

0 for sports arena 0 0 other 0

0 Banking activity area and offices 0

Classroom/lecture/training 0.5 0

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for penitentiary 0 0.5 other 0 0.5

Computer/server room 0 0.7

Conference area/meeting/multi-purpose 0.5 0

0 Confinement cell 0

Copy/print room 0 0.2

Corridor/transition area

0

0 for care occupancy designed to ANSI/IES RP-28 (used primarily by residents)

0 for hospital 0 0 for manufacturing facility 0 0 other 0

≥ 2.4 m wide 0 0 < 2.4 m wide 0 0

Courtroom 0 0.2

Dining area

0

0 for bar lounge/leisure dining 0 for cafeteria or fast-food dining 0

for care occupancy designed to ANSI/IES RP-28

(used primarily by residents) 0

0

for family dining 0 0 0 for penitentiary 0

other 0 0

Dressing/fitting room for performing arts theatre 0.4

Electrical/Mechanical

0

area 0.9 room 0

Emergency vehicle garage 0 0.5

Food preparation area 0 0

0 Guest room 0

Laboratory

0.4

0.1 for classrooms for medical/industrial/research 0 other 0

0 Laundry/washing area 0

Lobby

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for care occupancy designed to ANSI/IES RP-28

(used primarily by residents) 0

0

for elevator 0 0 0 for hotel 0

for motion picture theatre 0 0 for performing arts theatre 0 0 other 0 0

Locker room 0.5 0

Lounge/recreation areabreak room 0 0 0 for healthcare facility 0 0 other 0

Office

0.3

0.1 enclosed open plan 0.2 0.1

Parking area, interior 0 0.4

0 Pharmacy area 0

Sales area 0 0

0 Seating area, general 0

Stairway 0 0

0 Stairwell 0

Storage area 0.6 room 0

0 Vehicular maintenance area 0

Washroom 0.5 0 for care occupancy designed to ANSI/IES RP-28

(used primarily by residents) 0.5

0

other 0 0.5

Workshop 0 0

Building-Specific Space Types

Space Types

Factors

Relative Absence of Occupants, CA,i

Personal Control, Cpers,ctrl,i

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Automotive – repair garage 0 0

Bank – banking activity area and offices 0 0

Care occupancy designed to ANSI/IES RP-

28 chapel (used primarily by residents)

recreation room (used primarily by residents)

0.5

0.2

0

0

Convention

centre

audience

seating

0 0.2

0 0

Courthouse/Police station/Penitentiary

0.2

0 courtroom confinement cell 0 0 judges' chambers 0.3 0.1 penitentiary – audience seating 0 0 penitentiary – classroom 0.5 0 penitentiary – dining 0

Dormitory – living quarters

0

0 0

Fire station 0 – sleeping quarters 0 engine room 0.5 0 sleeping quarters 0

Gymnasium/Fitness centre

0

0

0 fitnessexercise area gymnasium – audience seating 0 play

0 ing 0 area 0

Hospital Healthcare facility

0

0 corridor/transition area ≥ 2.4 m wide corridor/transition area < 2.4 m wide 0 0 emergency 0 exam/treatment

0 0.3 room 0 0 imaging room 0

laundry – washing 0 0 lounge/recreation 0 medical supply

0 0.5 room 0

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nursery 0 0 nurses' station 0 0 operating room 0.1 0 patient room 0.1 0.1 pharmacy 0 physical therapy

0 0.2 room 0

radiology/imaging 0 recovery

0 0 room 0

Hotel/Motel

0

0 hotel dining hotel guest rooms 0 0 hotel lobby 0 0 highway lodging dining 0 0 highway lodging guest rooms 0

Library

0

0

0 reading area card file and cataloging

0 0 stacks 0 0

Manufacturing facility

0

0 corridor/transition area ≥ 2.4 m wide corridor/transition area < 2.4 m wide 0 detailed manufacturing

0 0 area 0

equipment room 0.2 0 extra high bay (> 15 m floor-to-ceiling height) 0 0 high bay (7.5 m to 15 m floor-to-ceiling height) 0 0 low bay (< 7.5 m floor-to-ceiling height) 0 0

Museum

0.2

0 general exhibition

restoration

area 0.3 room 0

Performing arts theatre – dressing room 0 0.4

Parking garage – garage area 0.4

Post office – sorting area

0

0 0

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Religious building

0.3

0 fellowship hall audience seating

0.3 0 worship/pulpit,/ choir 0.1 0

Retail

0.4

0 dressing/fitting room mall concourse 0 0 sales area 0

Sports arena

0 – playing area

0

0 audience seating court sports area – class 4 0 IV facility 0 court sports area – class 3 0 III facility 0 court sports area – class 2 0 II facility 0 court sports area – class 1 0 I facility 0 ring sports area 0

Transportation

0 facility

0

0 air/train/bus – baggage/carousel

airport

area – 0 concourse 0

seating area 0 terminal

0 – 0 ticket counter 0

Warehouse

0.5

0 fine material storage

medium

small hand-carried items to /bulky material 0.5 palletized items 0

medium/bulky material with permanent shelving that 0.5 0

is > 60% of ceiling height

RATIONALE

Problem Space type categories in Table 4.3.2.10.A. (Part 4 trade-off path) do not align with similar Part 4 tables that were changed in the 2013 public review proposed changes.

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Justification - Explanation Add new space types and their corresponding relative absence and personal control values and reorder or rename space types in Table 4.3.2.10.A. (Part 4 trade-off path) in order to harmonize the space type categories with changes made in similar Part 4 tables.





N/A

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Committee: Energy Efficiency in Buildings (SCEEB 2011-08 8.08.06) Last modified: 2014-06-17 Page: 1/6

Proposed Change 831 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B 5.2.2.8. Subject: Heating, Ventilating and Air-conditioning Systems - Other Title: Cooling by Direct Use of Outdoor Air (Air Economizer System) Description: The proposed change is intended to give guidance on how to apply a

fixed dry bulb control strategy for air economizers. Related Code Change Request(s):

CCR 772

EXISTING PROVISION

5.2.2.8. Cooling by Direct Use of Outdoor Air (Air Economizer System) 1) HVAC systems that use less mechanical cooling energy by direct use of outdoor air shall be capable of

mixing return air with up to 100% outdoor air to produce the temperature required to condition the space. (See Appendix A.)

2) Systems described in Sentence (1) shall be designed to automatically revert to the minimum outdoor airflow required for acceptable indoor air quality as prescribed by the NBC, when either the return air temperature is less than the outdoor air temperature or the return air enthalpy is less than the outdoor air enthalpy. (See Appendix A.)

3) Except as provided in Sentence (6), systems described in Sentence (1) shall be designed to mix outdoor air and return air to a temperature as near as possible to that required to condition the space, even when mechanical cooling is provided.

4) Systems described in Sentence (1) with cooling capacities of 70 kW or more shall incorporate cooling equipment that can operate at less than full capacity, with the lowest stage providing no more than 25% of the full capacity of each system.

5) Systems described in Sentence (1) with cooling capacities of more than 25 kW but less than 70 kW shall incorporate cooling equipment that can operate at less than full capacity, with the lowest stage providing no more than 50% of the full capacity of each system.

6) Direct expansion HVAC systems are permitted to include controls to reduce the quantity of outdoor air at the lowest stage of cooling equipment output as necessary to permit proper operation of the equipment. (See Appendix A.)

A-5.2.2.8.(1) High-Limit Shut-off. All air economizers should be capable of automatically reducing outdoor air intake to the design minimum outdoor air quantity when outdoor air intake no longer reduces cooling energy usage. Table A-5.2.2.8.(1) shows the high-limit shutoff settings for different types of air economizers.

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Table A-5.2.2.8.(1) High-Limit Shut-off (HLSO) Control Settings for Air Economizers

Type of HLSO

Control (1)

Conditions at which Air Economizer Turns Off

Equation (2) Description

Fixed dry bulb TOA > 24°C (dry climate)

Outdoor air temperature exceeds 24°C

TOA > 18°C (humid climate)


Differential dry bulb TOA > TRA Outdoor air temperature exceeds return air temperature

Electronic enthalpy (3) (TOA,RHOA) > A Outdoor air temperature/RH exceeds the “A” setpoint curve (4)

Differential enthalpy hOA > hRA Outdoor air enthalpy exceeds return air enthalpy

Dew-point and dry-bulb temperatures

DPoa > 18°C or Toa > 24°C

Outdoor air dry bulb exceeds 24°C or outside dew point exceeds 13°C (65 gr/lb)

Notes to Table A-5.2.2.8.(1):

(1) Fixed enthalpy is a prohibited type of control for the climate zones to which the NECB applies, namely zones 4 to 8.

(2) TOA = temperature outdoor air; TRA = temperature return air; hOA = enthalpy outdoor air; RHOA = relative humidity outdoor air; hRA = enthalpy return air; DPOA = dew point outdoor air

(3) Electronic enthalpy controls use a combination of humidity and dry-bulb temperature in their switching algorithm.

(4) Setpoint “A” corresponds to a curve on the psychrometric chart that goes through a point at approximately 24°C and 40% relative humidity and is nearly parallel to dry-bulb lines at low humidity levels and nearly parallel to enthalpy lines at high humidity levels.

A-5.2.2.8.(2) Outdoor Air Intake for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. Outdoor air requirements for acceptable indoor air quality are covered in Part 6 of Division B of the NBC.

A-5.2.2.8.(6) Controls to Allow Proper Operation of Direct Expansion Systems. Preventing frost build-up on coils is an example of how the controls referred to in Sentence 5.2.2.8.(6) enable the proper operation of the equipment.

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PROPOSED CHANGE

[5.2.2.8.] 5.2.2.8. Cooling by Direct Use of Outdoor Air (Air Economizer System) [1] 1) HVAC systems that use less mechanical cooling energy by direct use of outdoor air shall be capable of

mixing return air with up to 100% outdoor air to produce the temperature required to condition the space. (See Appendix A.)

[2] 2) Systems described in Sentence (1) shall be designed to automatically revert to the minimum outdoor airflow required for acceptable indoor air quality as prescribed by the NBC, when either the return air temperature is less than the outdoor air temperature or the return air enthalpy is less than the outdoor air enthalpy. (See Appendix A.)

[3] 3) Except as provided in Sentence (6), systems described in Sentence (1) shall be designed to mix outdoor air and return air to a temperature as near as possible to that required to condition the space, even when mechanical cooling is provided.

[4] 4) Systems described in Sentence (1) with cooling capacities of 70 kW or more shall incorporate cooling equipment that can operate at less than full capacity, with the lowest stage providing no more than 25% of the full capacity of each system.

[5] 5) Systems described in Sentence (1) with cooling capacities of more than 25 kW but less than 70 kW shall incorporate cooling equipment that can operate at less than full capacity, with the lowest stage providing no more than 50% of the full capacity of each system.

[6] 6) Direct expansion HVAC systems are permitted to include controls to reduce the quantity of outdoor air at the lowest stage of cooling equipment output as necessary to permit proper operation of the equipment. (See Appendix A.)

A-5.2.2.8.(1) High-Limit Shut-off. All air economizers should be capable of automatically reducing outdoor air intake to the design minimum outdoor air quantity when outdoor air intake no longer reduces cooling energy usage. Table A-5.2.2.8.(1) shows the high-limit shutoff settings for different types of air economizers.

Table [A-5.2.2.8.(1)] A-5.2.2.8.(1)

High-Limit Shut-off (HLSO) Control Settings for Air Economizers

Type of HLSO

Control (1) Equation


(2) Description

TOA > 24°C (dry Fixed dry bulb climate)


TOA > TRA Differential dry bulb

Electronic enthalpy

Outdoor air temperature exceeds return air temperature

(TOA,RHOA) > A (3) Outdoor air temperature/RH exceeds the “A” setpoint(4)

curve

hOA > hRA Differential enthalpy Outdoor air enthalpy exceeds return air enthalpy

Dew-point and dry-bulb

DPoa > 18°C or Toa > 24°C temperatures

Outdoor air dry bulb exceeds 24°C or outside dew point

exceeds 13°C (65 gr/lb)

Notes to Table [A-5.2.2.8.(1)] A-5.2.2.8.(1):

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(1) Fixed enthalpy is a prohibited type of control for the climate zones to which the NECB applies, namely zones 4

to 8.

(2) TOA = temperature outdoor air; TRA = temperature return air; hOA = enthalpy outdoor air; RHOA = relative humidity outdoor air; hRA = enthalpy return air; DPOA = dew point outdoor air



A-5.2.2.8.(2) Outdoor Air Intake for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. Outdoor air requirements for acceptable indoor air quality are covered in Part 6 of Division B of the NBC.

High-Limit Shut-off All air economizers should be capable of automatically reducing outdoor air intake to the design minimum outdoor air quantity when outdoor air intake no longer reduces cooling energy usage. Table A-5.2.2.8.(12) shows the high-limit shutoff settings for different types of air economizers.

Table [A-5.2.2.8.(2)] A-5.2.2.8.(1) High-Limit Shut-off (HLSO) Control Settings for Air Economizers

Type of HLSO

Control (1)


Equation (2) Description

Fixed dry bulb

TOA > (3)

Tsetpoint24°C (dry climate) where 21°C ≤ Tsetpoint ≤ 24°C


Differential dry bulb

Outdoor air temperature exceeds HLSO set-point temperature of air economizer

TOA > TRA Outdoor air temperature exceeds return air temperature

Electronic enthalpy (4)

(TOA,RHOA) > A Outdoor air temperature/RH exceeds the “A” setpoint curve (5)

Differential enthalpy

hOA > hRA Outdoor air enthalpy exceeds return air enthalpy

Dew-point and dry-bulb temperatures

DPoa > 18°C or Toa

> 24°C Outdoor air dry bulb exceeds 24°C or outside dew point exceeds 13°C (65 gr/lb)

Notes to Table [A-5.2.2.8.(2)] A-5.2.2.8.(1):

(1) Fixed enthalpy is a prohibited type of control for the climate zones to which the NECB applies, namely zones 4 to 8.

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(2) TOA = temperature outdoor air; TRA = temperature return air; hOA = enthalpy outdoor air; RHOA = relative

humidity outdoor air; hRA = enthalpy return air; DPOA = dew point outdoor air

(3) Air economizer systems should have an adjustable HLSO setpoint range between 21°C and 24°C so that energy consumption for cooling can be minimized based on the building’s location: air economizers in buildings in locations with a higher relative humidity during the cooling season would require a lower HLSO setting approaching 21°C, while those in drier locations would use an HLSO setting approaching 24°C.





RATIONALE

Problem The dew point temperature equation in the appendix lacks clarity. Therefore it is unclear how to determine whether a high-limit shutoff of 24°C or 18°C should be set for fixed dry bulb controls or air economizers. The NECB does not state which locations are in “dry” and “humid” climates.

Justification - Explanation The proposed change addresses a code change request on clarity of the appendix note and provides improved guidance on high limit shut-off (HLSO) control set points for air economizers.

The range of outside air temperatures to be used for HLSO set points of air economizers with fixed dry bulb control has been updated to reflect ASHRAE 90.1 thermal criteria. Also, the equation provides guidance to users on the efficient set point range for canadian climates.

Cost implications none


Who is affected Designers, manufacturers, builders, specification writers and building officials


[5.2.2.8.] 5.2.2.8. ([1] 1) [F95-OE1.1] [5.2.2.8.] 5.2.2.8. ([2] 2) [F95-OE1.1] [5.2.2.8.] 5.2.2.8. ([3] 3) [F95-OE1.1] [5.2.2.8.] 5.2.2.8. ([4] 4) [F95-OE1.1] [5.2.2.8.] 5.2.2.8. ([5] 5) [F95-OE1.1] [5.2.2.8.] 5.2.2.8. ([6] 6) no attributions

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Proposed Change 830 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B 5.2.3.

NECB11 Div.B 8.4.4.16. Subject: Heating, Ventilating and Air-conditioning Systems - Other Title: Demand Control Ventilation of semi-heated or parking garages Description: Creates a Part 5 requirement for demand-based controls of ventilation in

some spaces where fuel-powered vehicles and mobile equipment are used. Replaces related requirement in Part 8 with a reference to the prescriptive requirement.

EXISTING PROVISION

5.2.3. Fan System Design

5.2.3.1. Application 1) Except for equipment covered by Article 5.2.12.1. and whose minimum performance includes fan

energy, this Subsection applies to all fan systems a) that are used for comfort heating, ventilating or air-conditioning, or any combination thereof,

and b) for which the total of all fan motor nameplate ratings is 10 kW or more (see A-5.2.3.1.(2) in

Appendix A).

2) For the purposes of this Subsection, the power demand of a fan system shall be the sum of the demand of all fans required to operate at design conditions to supply air to the conditioned space. (See Appendix A.)

5.2.3.2. Constant-Volume Fan Systems

1) Where fans produce a constant airflow rate whenever the system is operating, the power demand required by the motors for the combined supply and return fan system at design conditions shall not exceed 1.6 W per L/s of supply air delivered to the conditioned space, calculated using the following equation:

where

W = power demand, in watts,

F = design flow rate, in L/s,

SP = design static pressure across the fan, in Pa, and

η = combined fan-drive-motor efficiency, expressed as a decimal fraction.

(See Appendix A.)

5.2.3.3. Variable-Air-Volume Fan Systems 1) For fan systems through which airflow varies automatically as a function of load, the power demand

required by the motors for the combined supply and return fan system, as calculated using the equation

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in Sentence 5.2.3.2.(1), shall not exceed 2.65 W per L/s of supply air delivered to the conditioned space at design conditions. (See Appendix A.)

2) In variable-air-volume systems, any individual supply, relief or return fan with a power demand greater than 7.5 kW and less than 25 kW, as calculated using the equation in Sentence 5.2.3.2.(1), shall incorporate controls and devices such that, if air delivery volume is reduced to 50% of design air volume, the corresponding fan power demand will be no more than 55% of design wattage, based on the manufacturer‘s test data.

3) In variable-air-volume systems, any individual supply, relief or return fan with a power demand equal to or greater than 25 kW, as calculated using the equation in Sentence 5.2.3.2.(1), shall incorporate controls and devices necessary to prevent the fan motor from demanding more than 30% of design wattage at 50% of design air volume, based on the manufacturer’s test data.

A-5.2.3.1.(2) Fan System Design. Although the allowed maximum power demand of a fan system is based solely on the supply airflow, the calculation of actual power demand includes supply fans, return fans, relief fans, and fans for series fan-powered boxes, but not parallel-powered boxes or exhaust fans such as bathroom or laboratory exhausts.

A-5.2.3.2.(1) Constant-Volume Fan Systems. This type of system includes bypass variable-air-volume systems in which the airflow through the fan is not varied. Both supply and return fans must be accounted for, but not exhaust fans.

The power demand of the motors refers to the power drawn by the motors and not their nameplate rating.

A-5.2.3.3.(1) Variable-Air-Volume Fan Systems. The power demand of supply, relief and return fans—but not that of exhaust fans—must be accounted for in Sentence 5.2.3.2.(1). The power demand of fans for series-fan-powered boxes—but not that of fans in parallel-fan-powered boxes—must be accounted for in Sentence 5.2.3.2.(1). The power demand of the motors refers to the power drawn by the motors and not their nameplate rating.

8.4.4.16. Outdoor Air 1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the outdoor air ventilation rates for the reference building shall be

modeled as being identical to those determined for the proposed building in Sentence 8.4.3.7.(1).

2) Except for heated parking garages, demand control ventilation strategies shall not be modeled in the reference building.

PROPOSED CHANGE

[5.2.3.] 5.2.3. Fan System Design

[5.2.3.1.] 5.2.3.1. Application

[5.2.3.2.] 5.2.3.2. Constant-Volume Fan Systems

[5.2.3.3.] 5.2.3.3. Variable-Air-Volume Fan Systems

[5.2.3.4.] --- Demand Control Ventilation Systems [1] --) Enclosed semi-heated spaces or conditioned spaces where fuel-powered vehicles or mobile fuel-

powered equipment or appliances are intermittently used shall be provided with sensors and demand control ventilation systems capable of limiting the expected air contaminants to acceptable levels by [a] --) staging the ventilation fans, or

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[b] --) modulating the outdoor airflow rates. (See Appendix A.)

A-5.2.3.4.(1) Demand Control Ventilation Systems. Examples of enclosed spaces targeted by Sentence 5.2.3.4.(1) are indoor sports arenas where fuel-powered equipment is used for maintenance of the play area (such as an ice-surfacing vehicle in an ice-rink arena), warehouses with propane- fueled forklifts, and heated indoor parking garages. In such spaces, contaminant levels are often controlled through on-and-off staging of a dedicated fan system. However, some ventilation systems use variable-speed fans to modulate between a set minimum (which can be as low as 0 when the contaminant levels are low enough) and the peak airflow rates needed to control the levels of contaminant in the air. Air contaminants generally controlled by such systems are carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrous oxides (NOx), depending on the type of fuel used. Spaces where fuel-powered vehicles or mobile fuel-powered equipment or appliances are used on a semi-continuous basis (e.g. multiple forklifts actively used in a distribution warehouse) may be exempted from complying with Sentence 5.2.3.4.(1), subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction. However, some standards, such as ASHRAE 62.1, “Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality,” still require a minimum ventilation rate based on occupancy or other activities carried out in the space. It is expected that a means will be provided to evacuate exhaust air from fixed fuel-powered appliances and equipment directly to the outdoors. Thus, only spaces where vehicles or mobile equipment or appliances with combustion engines are used are targeted by this requirement.

[8.4.4.16.] 8.4.4.16. Outdoor Air [1] 1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the outdoor air ventilation rates for the reference building shall be

modeled as being identical to those determined for the proposed building in Sentence 8.4.3.7.(1).

[2] 2) Except for heated parking garagesas required by Article 5.2.3.4., demand control ventilation strategies applied in the proposed building shall not be modeled in the reference building.

RATIONALE

Problem Ventilation of parking garages can consume significant energy without appropriate controls. The NECB article 8.4.4.16 set reference modeling requirements of parking garage ventilation to current practice but there was no requirement in the prescriptive path of Part 5 (HVAC).

Justification - Explanation The practice of using sensors to stage fan systems (on/off) in spaces where combustion-using equipments and vehicles are present is well established. For indoor parking garages specifically, this practice is an acceptable solution recognized by NBC.

The proposed prescription imposes this current practice on all semi-heated and conditioned spaces where transient and/or variable use of combustion equipment and vehicles is present.

Also ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010 has a similar prescription; while being limited to indoor parking garage, it covers both heated and unheated parking garage.

Cost implications Minimal; the expected fan and heating (and possibly cooling) energy savings are deemed to generate a payback on the initial installation cost of the control system of less than 3 year.

Enforcement implications None, could be enforced using the existing infrastructure.

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[5.2.3.1.] 5.2.3.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [5.2.3.1.] 5.2.3.1. ([2] 2) [F95,F97-OE1.1] [5.2.3.2.] 5.2.3.2. ([1] 1) [F95,F97-OE1.1] [5.2.3.3.] 5.2.3.3. ([1] 1) [F95,F97-OE1.1] [5.2.3.3.] 5.2.3.3. ([2] 2) [F95,F97-OE1.1] [5.2.3.3.] 5.2.3.3. ([3] 3) [F95,F97-OE1.1] [5.2.3.4.] -- ([1] --) [F95,F97-OE1.1] [8.4.4.16.] 8.4.4.16. ([1] 1) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.16.] 8.4.4.16. ([2] 2) [F99-OE1.1]

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Committee: Energy Efficiency in Buildings (Ballot in June) Last modified: 2014-06-19 Page: 1/4

Proposed Change 895 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B 5.3.1.1. Subject: HVAC Trade-off-Path Title: Part 5 Trade-off Path Description: This proposed change adds range restrictions to the HVAC trade-off values of the proposed building.

EXISTING PROVISION

5.3.1.1. Application

1) Except as provided in Article 5.3.1.2., this Section applies only to buildings a) whose occupancy is known, b) for which sufficient information is known from the specifications for the HVAC components listed in Table 5.3.2.3. whose γi value is 1 in Table 5.3.2.2., and

c) whose HVAC system meets the following criteria: i) it is one of the types listed in Table 5.3.1.1.,

ii) the heating system's energy type is natural gas, propane, fuel oil or electricity, iii) the cooling system's energy type is electricity, and iv) the heat pump's energy type is electricity.

Table 5.3.1.1. Types of HVAC Systems


Type ID HVAC System Description (1) HVAC-1 Built-up variable-volume HVAC-2 Constant-volume reheat HVAC-3 Packaged single duct – single zone HVAC-4 Built-up single duct – single zone HVAC-5 Packaged variable-volume HVAC-6 Packaged constant-volume with reheat HVAC-7 Built-up ceiling bypass VAV HVAC-8 Packaged ceiling bypass VAV HVAC-9 Powered induction unit HVAC-10 Built-up multi-zone system HVAC-11 Packaged multi-zone system HVAC-12 Constant-volume dual-duct system HVAC-13 Variable-volume dual-duct system HVAC-14 Two-pipe fan coil with optional make-up air unit HVAC-15 Four-pipe fan coil with optional make-up air unit HVAC-16 Three-pipe fan coil with optional make-up air unit HVAC-17 Water-loop heat pump with optional make-up air unit HVAC-18 Ground-source heat pump with optional make-up air unit HVAC-19 Induction unit – two-pipe HVAC-20 Induction unit – four-pipe HVAC-21 Induction unit – three-pipe HVAC-22 Packaged terminal AC – split HVAC-23 Radiant (in-floor, ceiling) with optional make-up air unit HVAC-24 Active chilled beams with optional make-up air unit HVAC-25 Unit heater HVAC-26 Unit ventilator HVAC-27 Radiation with optional make-up air unit

Note to Table 5.3.1.1.:

(1) Systems shall not use a gas-fired unit heater < 117.23 kW.

PROPOSED CHANGE

[5.3.1.1.] 5.3.1.1. Application

[1] 1) Except as provided in Article 5.3.1.2., this Section applies only to buildings [a] a) whose occupancy is known, [b] b) for which sufficient information is known from the specifications for the HVAC components listed in Table 5.3.2.3. whose γi value is 1 in Table 5.3.2.2., and [c] c) whose HVAC system meets the following criteria:

[i] i) it is one of the types listed in Table 5.3.1.1.A., [ii] ii) the heating system's energy type is natural gas, propane, fuel oil or electricity,

[iii] iii) the cooling system's energy type is electricity, and [iv] iv) the heat pump's energy type is electricity., and

[v] --) its components’ trade-off values listed in Table 5.3.2.3. fall within the ranges listed in Table 5.3.1.1.B.

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Table [5.3.1.1.A] 5.3.1.1. Types of HVAC Systems

Forming part of Sentence [5.3.1.1.] 5.3.1.1.([1] 1)

Type ID HVAC System Description (1) HVAC-1 Built-up variable-volume HVAC-2 Constant-volume reheat HVAC-3 Packaged single duct – single zone HVAC-4 Built-up single duct – single zone HVAC-5 Packaged variable-volume HVAC-6 Packaged constant-volume with reheat HVAC-7 Built-up ceiling bypass VAV HVAC-8 Packaged ceiling bypass VAV HVAC-9 Powered induction unit HVAC-10 Built-up multi-zone system HVAC-11 Packaged multi-zone system HVAC-12 Constant-volume dual-duct system HVAC-13 Variable-volume dual-duct system HVAC-14 Two-pipe fan coil with optional make-up air unit HVAC-15 Four-pipe fan coil with optional make-up air unit HVAC-16 Three-pipe fan coil with optional make-up air unit HVAC-17 Water-loop heat pump with optional make-up air unit HVAC-18 Ground-source heat pump with optional make-up air unit HVAC-19 Induction unit – two-pipe HVAC-20 Induction unit – four-pipe HVAC-21 Induction unit – three-pipe HVAC-22 Packaged terminal AC – split HVAC-23 Radiant (in-floor, ceiling) with optional make-up air unit HVAC-24 Active chilled beams with optional make-up air unit HVAC-25 Unit heater HVAC-26 Unit ventilator HVAC-27 Radiation with optional make-up air unit

Note to Table [5.3.1.1.A] 5.3.1.1.:

(1) Systems shall not use a gas-fired unit heater < 117.23 kW.

Table [5.3.1.1.B.] Acceptable Ranges for HVAC System Component Trade-off Values


Trade- off Val

ue 1 HVAC System ID

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

ToV1 Minimum Values

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 ToV2

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

ToV3 0.3

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 ToV4

0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

ToV5 0.3

0.5 0.2 0.730 0.730 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.86 0.5 0.5 0.86 0.86 ToV6

0.5 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207 0.207

ToV7 0.207

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ToV8 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ToV9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ToV10 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 6 0.1 0.1 6 0.1 6 6 6 6 0.1 6 6 6 0.1 6 6 6 6 ToV11 0.1 0.1 11 11 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 6 0.1 6 6 6 6 0.1 6 6 0.1 6 0.1 6 0.1 ToV12

0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

ToV13 0.3

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 ToV14

0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

ToV15 0.761 0 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.78 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ToV16 0 0 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ToV17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ToV18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

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Trade- off Val

ue 1 HVAC System ID

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

ToV19 Minimum Values

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ToV20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ToV21 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 ToV22

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

ToV23 0.1

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 ToV24

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

ToV25 0.4

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 ToV26

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

ToV27 0.3

0.795 0.785 0.783 0.782 0.786 0.783 0.792 0.790 0.786 0.782 0.779 0.782 0.798 0.772 0.771 0.771 0.770 0.770 0.622 0.770 0.770 0.775 0.785 0.767 0.791 0.791 ToV28

0.785 0.792 0.800 0.687 0.724 0.763 0.763 0.790 0.763 0.763 0.800 0.763 0.800 0.800 0.791 0.751 0.751 0.800 0.780 0.622 0.790 0.790 0.687 0.753 0.786 0.724 0.724

ToV29 0.753

0.791 0.799 0.783 0.782 0.794 0.794 0.794 0.794 0.794 0.799 0.794 0.794 0.791 0.791 0.767 0.767 0.770 0.770 0.779 0.790 0.790 0.783 0.767 0.791 0.620 0.619 ToV30

0.767 0.777 0.794 0.768 0.761 0.800 0.800 0.783 0.795 0.769 0.797 0.800 0.800 0.776 0.800 0.773 0.773 0.800 0.800 0.800 0.780 0.780 0.768 0.784 0.783 0.761 0.761 0.784

ToV31 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.5 ToV32 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.497 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.49 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.5

ToV1 Maximum Values

0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 ToV2

0.9 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99

ToV3 0.99

0.6 0.6 0.55 0.55 0.6 0.34 0.6 0.4 0.55 0.6 0.45 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.55 0.55 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 ToV4

0.6 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99

ToV5 0.99

1 0.425 0.94 1 0.94 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ToV6 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 0.604 ToV7

0.604 9 9 9 6.8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 6 9 9 9 6 9

ToV8 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 6 8 6 5 6 6 6 4 3.7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 ToV9 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 ToV10 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 40 50 50 38 40 40 40 50 40 40 40 50 40 40 40 40 ToV11

40 50 50 40 40 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 40 40 40 40 50 40 40 40 50 50 40 50 40

ToV12 50

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 7 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ToV13 8 8 6 8 6 6 6 10 10 7 10 10 10 10 10 7 10 6 10 10 6 10 10 10 10 10 ToV14

10 1 1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1 0.1 1 1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1 0.1 1 0.1 1 1 1 0.1 1 0.08 1 1

ToV15 0.08

0.800 0.801 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.8 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.800 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.9 0.95 0.95 ToV16

0.95 0.930 0.851 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.849 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.260 0.117 0.117 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.93 0.12 0.117 0.93 0.93

ToV17 0.12

0.9 0.8 0.99 0.99 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.9 0.99 0.99 0.9 0.99 0.99 0.99 ToV18

0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 4.5 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99

ToV19 0.99

9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 ToV20 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 ToV21 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 ToV22

150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150

ToV23 150

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 ToV24

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

ToV25 0.7

0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 ToV26

0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99

ToV27 0.99

0.855 0.8 0.891 0.899 0.847 0.8 0.825 0.842 0.848 0.850 0.851 0.848 0.802 0.986 0.959 0.959 0.96 0.96 0.8 1.02 1.02 0.950 1.072 1.096 0.868 0.866 ToV28

1.072 0.805 0.823 0.8 0.8 0.801 0.801 0.81 0.801 0.81 0.816 0.801 0.813 0.836 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.81 0.812 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.851 0.851 0.8 0.8 0.8

ToV29 0.851

0.867 0.815 0.908 0.918 0.854 0.854 0.854 0.854 0.854 0.801 0.810 0.810 0.831 1.05 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03 0.845 1.05 1.05 1.04 1.04 1.13 1.22 1.39 ToV30

1.04 0.833 0.808 0.814 0.817 0.804 0.804 0.827 0.856 0.836 0.804 0.804 0.804 0.832 0.822 0.840 0.840 0.84 0.8 0.803 0.81 0.81 0.822 0.822 0.814 0.817 0.817

ToV31 0.822

0.812 0.803 0.520 0.513 0.511 0.504 0.507 0.510 0.503 0.802 0.505 0.502 0.510 0.518 0.518 0.518 0.5 0.5 0.521 0.510 0.510 0.510 0.510 0.512 0.581 0.880 ToV32

0.510 0.807 0.802 0.862 0.560 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.801 0.9 0.501 0.508 0.5 0.507 0.507 0.52 0.52 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.510 0.510 0.504 0.560 0.860

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RATIONALE

Problem The trade-off path does not provide in the code the acceptable ranges for the component trade-off values. Use of values outside the ranges for which the coefficients were developed may not demonstrate compliance as expected.

Justification - Explanation The ranges provided were used to establish the trade-off path coefficients.

Cost implications None

Enforcement implications None. Greater clarity is provided.

Who is affected Designers, manufacturer, builders, specifications writers and building officials.


[5.3.1.1.] 5.3.1.1. ([1] 1) [F95,F99-OE1.1]

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Proposed Change 829 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B 6.2.6.1.

NECB11 Div.B 6.2.6.2. Subject: Service Water Heating - Other Title: Hot Water Service Maximum Discharge Rates Description: Update the maximum discharge rates for showers and lavatories Related Proposed Change(s):

PCF 435, PCF 650, PCF 891, PCF 892

EXISTING PROVISION

6.2.6.1. Showers 1) Individual shower heads used for reasons other than safety shall have an integral means of limiting the

maximum water discharge to 9.5 L/min when tested in accordance with a) ASME A112.18.1/CAN/CSA-B125.1, "Plumbing Supply Fittings", and b) CAN/CSA-B125.3, "Plumbing Fittings".

(See Appendix A.)

2) Where multiple shower heads are served by one temperature control, each shower head shall be equipped with a device capable of automatically shutting off the flow of water when the shower is not in use. (See Appendix A.)

A-6.2.6.1.(1) Flow-Restricting Shower Heads. Flow-restricting inserts should not be used to meet the requirement of Sentence 6.2.6.1.(1). A flow of 9.5 L/min is equivalent to 2.5 US gal/min.

A-6.2.6.1.(2) and 6.2.6.2.(2) Water Shut-off Devices. Examples of devices meeting the intent of Sentences 6.2.6.1.(2) and 6.2.6.2.(2) include occupant sensors and self-closing valves.

6.2.6.2. Lavatories 1) Lavatory faucets shall have an integral means of limiting the maximum hot water discharge

to 8.3 L/min when tested in accordance with a) ASME A112.18.1/CAN/CSA-B125.1, "Plumbing Supply Fittings", and b) CAN/CSA-B125.3, "Plumbing Fittings".

2) Each lavatory in a public access washroom in a building of assembly occupancy shall be equipped with a device capable of automatically shutting off the flow of water when the lavatory is not in use. (See Appendix A.)

A-6.2.6.1.(2) and 6.2.6.2.(2) Water Shut-off Devices. Examples of devices meeting the intent of Sentences 6.2.6.1.(2) and 6.2.6.2.(2) include occupant sensors and self-closing valves.

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PROPOSED CHANGE

[6.2.6.1.] 6.2.6.1. Showers [1] 1) Except for emergency eye washes and emergency showers, supply fittings and Iindividual shower

heads used for reasons other than safety shall have an integral means of limiting the maximum water dischargeflow rate to 9.57.6 L/min when tested in accordance with [a] a) ASME A112.18.1/CAN/CSA-B125.1, "Plumbing Supply Fittings", and [b] b) CAN/CSA-B125.3, "Plumbing Fittings".

(See Appendix A.)

[2] 2) Except for combination shower head/hand showers, Wwhere multiple shower heads are served by one temperature control, each shower head shall be equipped with a device capable of automatically shutting off the flow of water when the shower head is not in use. (See Appendix A.)

A-6.2.6.1.(1) Flow-Restricting Shower Heads. Flow-restricting inserts should not be used to meet the requirement of Sentence 6.2.6.1.(1). A flow of 9.57.6 L/min is equivalent to 2.52.0 US gal/min.

[6.2.6.2.] 6.2.6.2. Lavatories [1] 1) Except for lavatories in health care facilities and emergency eye washes, Llavatory faucetssupply

fittings shall have an integral means of limiting the maximum hot water dischargeflow rate to 8.35.7 L/min for private applications and 1.9 L/min for public applications when tested in accordance with [a] a) ASME A112.18.1/CAN/CSA-B125.1, "Plumbing Supply Fittings", and [b] b) CAN/CSA-B125.3, "Plumbing Fittings".

[2] 2) Each lavatory in a public access washroom in a building of assembly occupancy shall be equipped with a device capable of automatically shutting off the flow of water when the lavatory is not in use. (See Appendix A.)

RATIONALE

Problem To update the maximum water discharge rate of hot service water supply fittings and shower heads with current practice requirements.

Justification - Explanation Supply Fittings Faucets (Private):

ASME/CSA, Manitoba, CalGreen, ASHRAE, IAPMO, ICC and WaterSense are using 5.7 Lpm. Most manufacturers are transitioning their product line to 5.7 Lpm. The product is presently easily available and the purchase cost is not significantly different. The installation cost remains unchanged. There are no performance issues or regulatory constraints with this product.

Supply Fittings (Public):

ASME/CSA, ASHRAE, IAPMO, ICC and CalGREEN (1.5 Lpm) set the maximum at 1.9 Lpm. All non-residential lavatory faucets in the USA have been required by the ASME national standard to operate with a maximum flow rate of 1.9 Lpm for approximately 15 years. The product is easily available and the purchase cost is not significantlydifferent. The installation cost remains unchanged. There are no performance issues or regulatory constraints with this product.

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Shower Heads:

ASME/CSA provide for 9.5 Lpm and 7.6 for high efficiency. Manitoba specifies 6.6 Lpm but this may be too low and lead to some risk regarding thermal shock or scalding. Ontario is also moving towards 7.6 Lpm. CalGreen, ASHRAE, IAPMO, ICC and WaterSense are using 5.7 Lpm or 7.6 Lpm. The product is presently easily available and the purchase cost is not significantly different. The installation cost remains unchanged. There are no regulatory constraints with this product.

Cost implications Most manufacturers are transitioning their product lines to make available water-use efficient products. The proposed limits therefore reflect the current market direction. The products are presently easily available and the purchase costs are not significantly different. The installation costs remain unchanged.

Due to the lower flow rate of public lavatory supply fittings, design consideration should be given as to the necessity of installing a hot water recirculation system, or other design solution, to reduce wait time for hot water. Should this be the case, the cost of the system as well as the cost of installation would be increased. There would not be any regulatory constraints as a result however.

Enforcement implications The proposed limits will not have an effect on the existing enforcement/regulatory framework and the products are presently being used in many jurisdictions.

Who is affected Code user, enforcement agencies, manufacturers, consumers.


[6.2.6.1.] 6.2.6.1. ([1] 1) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.6.1.] 6.2.6.1. ([2] 2) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.6.2.] 6.2.6.2. ([1] 1) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.6.2.] 6.2.6.2. ([2] 2) [F96-OE1.1]



Proposed Change 835 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B 6

NECB11 Div.B 6.1.1.1. NECB11 Div.B 6.1.1.2.(1) NECB11 Div.B 6.2.1.1.(1) NECB11 Div.B 6.2. NECB11 Div.B 8.4.4.21.

Subject: Service Water Heating - Other Title: Addition of Service Water Pumping Description: This proposed change adds service water pumping requirements to Part 6.

PROPOSED CHANGE

[6.] 6 Service Water Heating Systems [6.1.] 6.1. General

[6.1.1.] 6.1.1. General

[6.1.1.1.] 6.1.1.1. Scope

[6.1.1.2.] 6.1.1.2. Application

[6.1.1.3.] 6.1.1.3. Compliance

[6.1.1.4.] 6.1.1.4. Definitions

[6.1.1.1.] 6.1.1.1. Scope [1] 1) This Part is concerned with the systems used to heat service water and with pumping systems that are

part of service water systems.

[6.1.1.2.] 6.1.1.2. Application [1] 1) Except for systems and equipment used exclusively for firefighting services, Tthis Part applies to

service water heating and pumping systems.

[6.2.1.1.] 6.2.1.1. Regulations [1] 1) Service water heating systems shall be designed in accordance with the relevant provincial, territorial

or municipal building regulations or, in the absence of such regulations, or where service water heating systems are not covered by such regulations, with the National Plumbing Code of Canada 2010.

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[6.2.] 6.2. Prescriptive Path [6.2.1.] 6.2.1. System Design

[6.2.1.1.] 6.2.1.1. Regulations [6.2.2.] 6.2.2. Water Heating Equipment and Storage Vessels

[6.2.2.1.] 6.2.2.1. Equipment Efficiency

[6.2.2.2.] 6.2.2.2. Equipment Insulation

[6.2.2.3.] 6.2.2.3. Solar Thermal Service Water Heating Equipment

[6.2.2.4.] 6.2.2.4. Combination Service Water Heating and Space-Heating Equipment

[6.2.2.5.] 6.2.2.5. Space-Heating Equipment Used for Indirect Service Water Heating

[6.2.3.] 6.2.3. Piping

[6.2.3.1.] 6.2.3.1. Insulation [6.2.4.] 6.2.4. Controls

[6.2.4.1.] 6.2.4.1. Temperature Controls

[6.2.4.2.] 6.2.4.2. Shutdown

[6.2.4.3.] 6.2.4.3. Maintaining Temperature of Hot Service Water [6.2.5.] 6.2.5. Systems with More Than One End Use Design Temperature

[6.2.5.1.] 6.2.5.1. Remote or Booster Heaters [6.2.6.] 6.2.6. Hot Service Water

[6.2.6.1.] 6.2.6.1. Showers

[6.2.6.2.] 6.2.6.2. Lavatories [6.2.7.] 6.2.7. Swimming Pools

[6.2.7.1.] 6.2.7.1. Controls

[6.2.7.2.] 6.2.7.2. Pool and Hot Tub Covers [6.2.8.] -- Pressure Booster Systems

[6.2.8.1.] --- Size of Water Storage Tank (See Appendix A.)

[1] --) Constant-speed pressure booster systems shall be provided with a hydro-pneumatic storage tank sized to store a volume of water corresponding to at least 1 minute of operation at the system’s design flow rate and pressure.

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[2] --) Variable-speed pressure booster systems shall be provided with a hydro-pneumatic storage tank sized to store a volume of water corresponding to at least 1 minute of operation at 10% of the system’s design flow rate and pressure.

[6.2.8.2.] --- Pressure Control [1] --) Pressure booster systems shall be provided with at least one pressure sensor that starts and stops the

system or varies the pump speed so that the pressure required for operation of the service water system is maintained. (See Appendix A.)

[2] --) Except for safety devices, pressure-reducing devices shall not be installed on a pressure booster system.

A-6.2.8.1. Sizing of Hydro-Pneumatic Storage Tanks. In order to prevent short-cycling of the pump in a pressure booster system during periods of low- to no-flow demand, pressure booster systems must be provided with a hydro-pneumatic storage tank capable of meeting a theoretical low service water demand during a minimum amount of time. Otherwise, the pressure booster system would have to run almost continuously in almost no-flow conditions to meet the smallest demand, such as the occasional flushing of a toilet in a residential high-rise building. There are several industry-recognized ways to determine the volume of water that needs to be stored in the tank. They are typically based on the number of start-stop cycles per hour and the nominal capacity of the pressure booster system, or on the peak system demand rate multiplied by a number of minutes representing the length of time the system is not operating. These sizing methodologies tend to result in large tank sizes, which are more appropriate for constant-speed pressure booster systems where the principal objective is to avoid short-cycling in mid- to high-flow demand situations. The application of Sentence 6.2.8.1.(1) will typically result in the pressure booster system going through about 15 start-stop cycles per hour, which corresponds to a typical industry recommendation to avoid shortening the service life of the system’s pump. It will also prevent constant-speed pressure booster systems from operating in low- or no-flow conditions for a significant amount of time, while avoiding short-cycling in mid- to high-demand periods. Variable-speed pressure booster systems require a significantly smaller tank than constant-speed ones. A-6.2.8.2.(1) Sensors for Pressure Booster Systems. Pressure sensors for variable- speed pressure booster systems should be located near critical fixtures, which determine the required system pressure.

[8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. Service Water Heating Systems [1] 1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) to (4), the reference building's service water heating system shall

be modeled as being identical to that of the proposed building as regards the following characteristics: [a] a) storage capacity, [b] b) power input, and [c] c) energy type.

[2] 2) Where the energy type of the proposed building's service water heating system is an air-, water- or ground-source heat pump, the energy type of the reference building's service water heating system shall be an air-source heat pump.

[3] 3) Where the energy type of the proposed building's service water heating system is an immersion coil supplied by a boiler, the energy type of the reference building's service water heating system shall be the same as that of the boiler.

[4] 4) Where more than one energy type is used by the proposed building's service water heating system, [a] a) the heating capacities of the reference building's service water heating equipment shall match

the ratio of the proposed building's service water heating equipment capacity allocation, and [b] b) the operating schedule, priority of use and other operational characteristics of the proposed

building's use of energy types shall apply.

[5] 5) Service water heating equipment performance characteristics as a function of part-load shall be modeled in accordance with the part-load performance curves found in Table 8.4.4.22.G.

[6] 6) The service water heating system’s supply temperature shall be modeled as being identical to that of the proposed building. (See Appendix A.)

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[7] 7) Where a storage tank is to be modeled, the service water heating system's storage temperature shall be modeled as being identical to that of the proposed building. (See Appendix A.)

[8] 8) Where the proposed building's service water heating system comprises multiple water heaters, the reference building’s service water heating system shall be modeled with the same number of water heaters.

[9] 9) Where the proposed building's service water heating system is a recirculation system, the circulation pumps shall be modeled as [a] a) constant speed operation, and [b] b) having a flow rate that is identical to that of the proposed building's circulation pumps.

RATIONALE

Problem Part 6 currently focuses only on service water heating systems and their demand.

However, many buildings are equipped with pressure booster systems since the pressure in the aqueduct is often insufficient to provide enough lift for mid- and high-rise buildings. Pressure booster systems can consume a significant amount of energy per year and better practice designs can result in significant savings.

Justification - Explanation Since its 2010 edition, ASHRAE 90.1 has requirements pertaining to pressure booster system (see ASHRAE 90.1-2010 or -2013, art. 10.4.2). Standard 90.1-2010 is to enforced in all states by the end of 2013. Adding these requirements to NECB helps harmonize with the United States. Those three requirements form the basis of the requirements proposed for NECB under 6.2.8.

ITT Bell & Gossett describes in its bulletin TEH-1096A a procedure for sizing hydro-pneumatic storage tank to prevent short-cycling at low- to no-flow conditions. Figure 5.4 proposes amounts of water that should be stored in a hydro-pneumatic tank according to the occupancy of the building and the pressure booster system capacity to meet demand in low-flow conditions for a period of about 30 minutes.

Converting those values to low-flow demand (i.e. average gpm), 6.2.8.1. (1) would result in a pressure booster system that would take about 1 minute to fill an empty tank and would be stopped between 25 minutes (hospital) and 200 minutes (apartment building) in typical low-flow condition. 6.2.8.1 (1) results in higher storage capacity than recommended by bulleting THE-1096A since those recommendations may generate short-cycling situations in mid- to high-flow demand situations.

Sentence 6.2.8.1. (2) assumes that low-flow demand corresponds to about 10% of system design flow and that variable pressure booster system would tend to operate at the minimum speed required to slowly raise system pressure (i.e. meeting slightly more that the demand). This implies that the booster system could operate for a significant amount of time (at rather low speed) before stopping, preventing short-cycling, and would eventually be stopped between 3 minutes (hospital) and 20 minutes (apartment building).

References:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJ4Ok3BVLG8&list=PLAHGvoGVbllgrEbZUdaftqhc0IHnSC6Oo.

http://documentlibrary.xylemappliedwater.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/22/files/2012/07/teh-1096a-.pdf

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJ4Ok3BVLG8&list=PLAHGvoGVbllgrEbZUdaftqhc0IHnSC6Oo�

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PJ4Ok3BVLG8&list=PLAHGvoGVbllgrEbZUdaftqhc0IHnSC6Oo�

http://documentlibrary.xylemappliedwater.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/22/files/2012/07/teh-1096a-.pdf�



Cost implications Small to none, since ASHRAE 90.1-2010/2013 requirements in the United States will means that there will be a large availability of pressure booster systems meeting these requirements.

Enforcement implications ASHRAE 90.1-2010/2013 10.4.2 c) is somewhat vague; proposed NECB 6.2.8.1.(1) and .(2) are clearer requirements and easier to show compliance with. Other requirements can easily be show to be compliant with drawings and specifications.


[6.1.1.1.] 6.1.1.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [6.1.1.2.] 6.1.1.2. ([1] 1) no attributions [6.1.1.3.] 6.1.1.3. ([1] 1) no attributions [6.1.1.3.] 6.1.1.3. ([2] 2) no attributions [6.1.1.4.] 6.1.1.4. ([1] 1) no attributions [6.1.1.1.] 6.1.1.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [6.1.1.2.] 6.1.1.2. ([1] 1) no attributions [6.2.1.1.] 6.2.1.1. ([1] 1) [F96-F98,OE1.1] [6.2.1.1.] 6.2.1.1. ([1] 1) [F96-F98,OE1.1] [6.2.2.1.] 6.2.2.1. ([1] 1) [F96,F98-OE1.1] [6.2.2.2.] 6.2.2.2. ([1] 1) [F93,F96-OE1.1] [6.2.2.2.] 6.2.2.2. ([2] 2) [F93,F96-OE1.1] [6.2.2.3.] 6.2.2.3. ([1] 1) [F96,F98,F99-OE1.1] [6.2.2.4.] 6.2.2.4. ([1] 1) [F95,F96,F98,F99-OE1.1] [6.2.2.4.] 6.2.2.4. ([2] 2) [F95,F96,F98,F99-OE1.1] [6.2.2.5.] 6.2.2.5. ([1] 1) [F95,F96,F98,F99-OE1.1] [6.2.3.1.] 6.2.3.1. ([1] 1) [F92,F93-OE1.1] [6.2.3.1.] 6.2.3.1. ([2] 2) [F92,F93-OE1.1] [6.2.3.1.] 6.2.3.1. ([3] 3) no attributions [6.2.3.1.] 6.2.3.1. ([4] 4) [F92,F93-OE1.1] [6.2.3.1.] 6.2.3.1. ([5] 5) [F92,F93-OE1.1] [6.2.4.1.] 6.2.4.1. ([1] 1) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.4.2.] 6.2.4.2. ([1] 1) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.4.3.] 6.2.4.3. ([1] 1) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.5.1.] 6.2.5.1. ([1] 1) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.6.1.] 6.2.6.1. ([1] 1) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.6.1.] 6.2.6.1. ([2] 2) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.6.2.] 6.2.6.2. ([1] 1) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.6.2.] 6.2.6.2. ([2] 2) [F96-OE1.1] [6.2.7.1.] 6.2.7.1. ([1] 1) [F95,F96,F99-OE1.1]

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[6.2.7.1.] 6.2.7.1. ([2] 2) [F95,F96,F99-OE1.1] [6.2.7.2.] 6.2.7.2. ([1] 1) [F95-OE1.1] [6.2.7.2.] 6.2.7.2. ([2] 2) [F95-OE1.1] [6.2.8.1.] -- ([1] --) [F97,F99-OE1.1] [6.2.8.1.] -- ([2] --) [F97,F99-OE1.1] [6.2.8.2.] -- ([1] --) [F97-OE1.1] [6.2.8.2.] -- ([2] --) [F97-OE1.1] [8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. ([1] 1) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. ([2] 2) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. ([3] 3) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. ([4] 4) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. ([5] 5) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. ([6] 6) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. ([7] 7) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. ([8] 8) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.21.] 8.4.4.21. ([9] 9) [F99-OE1.1]

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Proposed Change 839 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B 8.4.2.7.

NECB11 Div.B 8.4.3.3.(1) NECB11 Div.B 8.4.3.5. NECB11 Div.B 8.4.4.4. NECB11 Div.B 8.4.4.6.

Subject: Performance Compliance - Other Title: Lighting Controls (daylighting and occupancy sensor) Description: Requirements for modeling of lighting controls are modified to reflect

changes proposed for Part 4 prescriptive lighting controls requirements. Related Proposed Change(s):

PCF 585, PCF 840

EXISTING PROVISION

8.4.2.7. Internal and Service Water Heating Loads 1) The energy model calculations shall account for the loads due to

a) number of occupants, b) receptacle equipment, c) service water heating systems, and d) miscellaneous equipment, as applicable.

(See Appendix A.)

2) The energy model shall calculate the sensible and latent loads due to internal loads, lighting, and appliances. (See A-8.4.3.2.(1) and A-8.4.3.3.(1) in Appendix A.)

3) The internal loads shall be adjusted for each time interval referred to in Sentence 8.4.2.2.(4) based on the applicable operating schedule in A-8.4.3.2.(1) in Appendix A.

4) The calculation of sensible loads due to lighting shall account for a) the effect of the proportion of radiant and convective heat, and b) the percentage of heat gain from lighting going directly to return air.

5) Miscellaneous equipment located within a conditioned space that affects the energy consumption of one or more of the building systems described in Sentence 8.4.2.2.(1) shall be included in the energy model and its energy consumption shall be calculated.

A-8.4.2.7.(1) Internal and Service Water Heating Loads. Common internal loads include loads due to lighting, presence of occupants, equipment that is directly operated by the occupants such as personal computers, equipment that operates automatically such as computer servers, and other non-energy-consuming loads such as food to be frozen in a freezer. Internal loads usually generate sensible, latent and/or radiant heat gains. Except for lighting, internal loads are not regulated within the scope of the NECB. However, because they add cooling and/or heating loads to the building’s HVAC and service water heating systems, internal loads representative of the building type or space function should be included in the compliance calculations in order to correctly evaluate part-load performance of the HVAC and service water heating systems and, by extension, the energy consumption of the proposed and reference buildings. The internal loads must be modeled identically in the proposed and reference building energy models; only the energy consumed by the equipment and systems regulated by the NECB can be modeled differently in the proposed and reference buildings.

Appendix Note A-8.4.3.3.(1) provides default internal loads and associated hourly profiles for occupants and receptacle equipment that are representative of different building types and space functions. While any internal load values are permitted to be used, those default values should be used in the absence of better information.

The default values for receptacle equipment generally represent common electrical equipment directly operated by the occupants, as well as some automatically operated electrical equipment commonly found in the building types listed. For example, for an office building, the default value implicitly includes equipment such as office computer servers, photocopiers, printers, escalators, elevators, etc., but does not include the servers of main data centres.

Reasonable professional judgment should be applied in evaluating whether less common internal loads are correctly represented or not in the default values and profiles for receptacle equipment. These less common loads are generally associated with commercial and industrial operations and processes, such as

• manufacturing machinery in an industrial building • medical imaging equipment in a hospital • computer servers in a data centre of an office building

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• swimming pool water heating in a recreation centre • cooking appliances and refrigeration equipment in a commercial kitchen or restaurant

Generally, if the default values provided in Appendix Note A-8.4.3.3.(1) appear too small compared to the actual expected internal loads, some commercial and/or industrial operations and/or processes will not be correctly represented.

8.4.3.3. Internal and Service Water Heating Loads 1) Internal and service water heating loads used in the energy compliance calculations shall be representative of the proposed

building's type or space functions. (See Appendix A.)

A-8.4.3.3.(1) Internal and Service Water Heating Loads. Tables A-8.4.3.3.(1)A. and A-8.4.3.3.(1)B. contain default values of internal and service water heating loads and their operating schedules for simulation purposes.

Table A-8.4.3.3.(1)A Default Loads and Operating Schedules by Building Type

Building Type Occupant Density,

m2/occupant Peak Receptacle

Load, W/m2 Service Water Heating

Load, W/person Operating Schedule

from A-8.4.3.2.(1)

Automotive facility

20 5 90 E

Convention centre

8 2.5 30 C

Courthouse 15 5 60 A Dining

10

1

115

B bar lounge/leisure cafeteria/fast 10 1 115 B food family 10 1 115 B

Dormitory 30 2.5 500 G Exercise centre 10 1 90 B Fire station 25 2.5 400 F Gymnasium 10 1 90 B Health-care clinic 20 7.5 90 A Hospital 20 7.5 90 H Hotel 25 2.5 500 F Library 20 2.5 90 C Manufacturing facility

30 10 90 A

Motel 25 2.5 500 F Motion picture theatre

8 1 30 C

Multi-unit residential building

60 5 500 G

Museum 20 2.5 60 C

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Building Type Occupant Density, m2/occupant

Peak Receptacle Load, W/m2

Service Water Heating Load, W/person

Operating Schedule from A-8.4.3.2.(1)

Office 25 7.5 90 A Parking garage 1000 0 0 H Penitentiary 30 2.5 400 H Performing arts theatre

8 1 30 C

Police station 25 7.5 90 H Post office 25 7.5 90 A Religious building 5 1 15 I Retail area 30 2.5 40 C School/university 8 5 60 D Sports arena 10 1 90 B Town hall 25 7.5 90 D Transportation 15 1 65 H Warehouse 1500 1 300 A Workshop 30 10 90 A

Table A-8.4.3.3.(1)B

Default Loads and Operating Schedules by Space Type

Common Space Types

Space Type Occupant Density,

m2/occupant


Service Water Heating Load,

W/person

Operating Schedule (1) from

A-8.4.3.2.(1) Atrium

10

2.5

0

C first 13 m in height height above 13 m 10 2.5 0 C

Audience seating area – permanent

5

2.5

30

C for auditorium for performing arts theatre 7.5 2.5 30 C for motion picture theatre 5 2.5 30 C

Classroom/lecture/training 7.5 5 65 D Conference area/meeting/multi- purpose

5 1 45 C


100

0

0

* ≥ 2.4 m wide < 2.4 m wide 100 0 0 *

Dining area

for bar lounge/leisure dining

10

1

90

B

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for family dining 10 1 120 B other 10 1 120 B

Dressing/fitting room for performing arts theatre

30 2.5 40 C

Electrical/Mechanical area 200 1 0 * Food preparation area 20 10 120 B Laboratory

20

20

10

10

180

180

D

A for classrooms

for medical/industrial/research Lobby

10

1

0

C for elevator for performing arts theatre 10 1 0 C for motion picture theatre 10 1 0 C other 10 1 0 C

Locker room 10 2.5 0 * Lounge/recreation area 10 1 60 B Office

20

7.5

90

A enclosed open plan 20 7.5 90 A

Sales area 30 2.5 40 C Stairway 200 0 0 * Storage area 100 1 300 E Washroom 30 1 0 * Workshop 30 10 90 A

Building-Specific Space Types

Space Type Occupant Density,

m2/occupant



W/person

Operating Schedule (1) from

A-8.4.3.2.(1) Automotive – repair garage 20 5 90 E Bank – banking activity area and offices

25 5 60 A

Convention centre

5

2.5

30

C audience seating exhibit space 5 2.5 30 C

Courthouse/Police station/Penitentiary

5

25

20

2.5

2.5

7.5

30

325

90

A

H

A

courtroom

confinement cell

judges' chambers

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penitentiary – audience seating

penitentiary – classroom

penitentiary – dining area

5

7.5

10

2.5

5

1

30

65

120

C

D

B Dormitory – living quarters 25 2.5 500 G Fire station

25

25

2.5

2.5

325

500

H

G engine room

sleeping quarters Gymnasium/Fitness centre

5

1

90

B fitness area gymnasium – audience seating 5 0 30 B play area 5 1.5 90 B

Hospital

100

0

0

* corridor/transition area ≥ 2.4 m wide corridor/transition area < 2.4 m wide 100 0 0 * emergency 20 10 180 H exam/treatment 20 10 90 C laundry – washing 20 20 60 C lounge/recreation 10 1 60 B medical supply 20 1 0 H nursery 20 10 90 H nurses’ station 20 2.5 45 H operating room 20 10 300 H patient room 20 10 90 H pharmacy 20 2.5 45 C physical therapy 20 10 45 C radiology/imaging 20 10 90 H recovery 20 10 180 H

Hotel/Motel

10

25

10

10

25

1

2.5

2.5

1

2.5

115

600

30

115

600

B

F

H

B

F

hotel dining

hotel guest rooms

hotel lobby

highway lodging dining

highway lodging guest rooms Library

20

2.5

90

C card file and cataloguing reading area 20 1 90 C stacks 20 0 90 C

Manufacturing

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corridor/transition area ≥ 2.4 m wide 100 0 0 * corridor/transition area < 2.4 m wide 100 0 0 * detailed manufacturing 30 10 90 A equipment room 30 10 90 A extra high bay (> 15 m floor-to- 30 10 90 A ceiling height) high bay (7.5 to 15 m floor-to-ceiling 30 10 90 A height) low bay (< 7.5 m floor-to-ceiling 30 10 90 A height)

Museum

5

20

2.5

5

60

50

C

A general exhibition

restoration Parking garage – garage area 1000 0 0 H Post office – sorting area 20 7.5 90 A Religious buildings

5

5

5

1

1

1

15

45

15

I

C

I

audience seating

fellowship hall

worship pulpit, choir Retail

30

2.5

40

C dressing/fitting room mall concourse 20 1 30 C sales area 30 2.5 40 C

Sports arena

5

0

30

B audience seating court sports area – class 4 5 1.5 90 B court sports area – class 3 5 1.5 90 B court sports area – class 2 5 1.5 90 B court sports area – class 1 5 1.5 90 B ring sports area 5 1.5 90 B

Transportation

20

2.5

65

H air/train/bus – baggage area airport – concourse 20 0 65 H seating area 10 0 65 H terminal – ticket counter 10 2.5 65 H

Warehouse

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fine material storage 50 1 65 A medium/bulky material 100 1 65 A medium/bulky material with permanent shelving that is > 60% of ceiling height

100 1 65 A

Note to Table A-8.4.3.3.(1)B:

(1) An asterisk (*) in this column indicates that there is no recommended default schedule for the space type listed. In general, such space types will be simulated using a schedule that is similar to the adjacent spaces served: e.g. a corridor space serving an adjacent office space will be simulated using a schedule that is similar to that of the office space.

8.4.3.5. Interior Lighting

1) Dwelling units shall be modeled with an installed lighting power density of 5 W/m2.

2) Where occupant sensors are provided, the installed interior lighting power shall be corrected with the appropriate adjustment factor from Section 4.3.

3) Where a detailed daylight calculation is not provided in the energy model, it shall be carried out in accordance with Section 4.3.

8.4.4.4. Building Envelope Components 1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the solar absorptance of each opaque building assembly shall be modeled as being

identical to that determined for the proposed building in Sentence 8.4.3.4.(1).

2) The solar absorptance of roof assemblies shall be a) if the actual solar absorptance for the proposed building is not used, set to the same value used in the proposed

building, or b) if the actual solar absorptance for the proposed building is used, set to 0.7.

3) If the total vertical fenestration and door area to gross wall area ratio (FDWR) of the proposed building differs from the maximum permitted by Article 3.2.1.4., the FDWR of the reference building shall be adjusted proportionally along each orientation until it complies with that Article.

4) Permanent fenestration shading devices and projections shall not be modeled in the reference building.

5) If the proposed building is modeled with exterior shading provided by a nearby structure or building, the reference building shall also be modeled as such.

6) Air leakage rates shall be modeled as being identical to those determined for the proposed building in Sentence 8.4.3.4.(3).

7) Heat transfer through interior partitions shall be modeled as being identical to that of the proposed building.

8.4.4.6. Lighting 1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), the installed interior lighting power of the reference building shall be set at

the interior lighting power allowance determined in Article 4.2.1.5. or 4.2.1.6., as applicable.

2) Dwelling units shall be modeled with an installed lighting power density of 5 W/m2.

3) Where occupant sensors are required by Subsection 4.2.2., the installed interior lighting power shall be multiplied by an adjustment factor of 0.9.

4) The proportions of radiant and convective heat and the percentage of heat gain from lighting going directly to return air shall be modeled as being identical to those determined for the proposed building in Article 8.4.2.7.

PROPOSED CHANGE

[8.4.2.7.] 8.4.2.7. Internal and Service Water Heating Loads [1] 1) The energy model calculations shall account for the loads due to

[a] a) number of occupants, [b] b) receptacle equipment, [c] c) service water heating systems, and

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[d] d) miscellaneous equipment, as applicable. (See Appendix A.)

[2] 2) The energy model shall calculate the sensible and latent loads due to internal loads, lighting, and appliances. (See A-8.4.3.2.(1) and A-8.4.3.3.(1) in Appendix A.)

[3] 3) The internal loads shall be adjusted for each time interval referred to in Sentence 8.4.2.2.(4) based on the applicable operating schedule in A-8.4.3.2.(1) in Appendix A.

[4] 4) The calculation of sensible loads due to lighting shall account for [a] --) the lighting controls, [b] a) the effect of the proportion of radiant and convective heat, and [c] b) the percentage of heat gain from lighting going directly to return air.

[5] 5) Miscellaneous equipment located within a conditioned space that affects the energy consumption of one or more of the building systems described in Sentence 8.4.2.2.(1) shall be included in the energy model and its energy consumption shall be calculated.

[8.4.3.3.] 8.4.3.3. Internal and Service Water Heating Loads [1] 1) Internal loads,and service water heating loads, and illuminance levels used in the energy compliance calculations shall be

representative of the proposed building's type or space functions. (See Appendix A.)

A-8.4.3.3.(1) Internal and Service Water Heating Loads. Tables A-8.4.3.3.(1)A. and A-8.4.3.3.(1)B. contain default values of internal and service water heating loads and their operating schedules

for simulation purposes.

Table [A-8.4.3.3.(1)A] A-8.4.3.3.(1)A Default Loads, and Operating Schedules and Illuminance Levels by Building Type


m2/occupant



W/person

Operating Schedule from

A-8.4.3.2.(1)

Illuminance Levels,

(1)

lx Automotive facility

20 5 90 E

Convention centre

400

8 2.5 30 C

Courthouse

300

15 5 60 A Dining

400

10

1

115

B

bar 125 lounge/leisure cafeteria/fast 10 1 115 B food

300

family 10 1 115 B Dormitory

300 30 2.5 500 G

Exercise centre 100

10 1 90 B Fire station

350 25 2.5 400 F

Gymnasium 400

10 1 90 B Health-care clinic

500 20 7.5 90 A

Hospital

600

20 7.5 90 H Hotel

350 25 2.5 500 F

Library 150

20 2.5 90 C 500

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m2/occupant



W/person

Operating Schedule from

A-8.4.3.2.(1)

Illuminance Levels,

(1)

lx Manufacturing facility

30 10 90 A

Motel

450

25 2.5 500 F Motion picture theatre

150 8 1 30 C

Multi-unit residential building

150

60 5 500 G

Museum

125

20 2.5 60 C Office

100 25 7.5 90 A

Parking garage 400

1000 0 0 H Penitentiary

75 30 2.5 400 H

Performing arts theatre

250 8 1 30 C

Police station

250

25 7.5 90 H Post office

400 25 7.5 90 A

Religious building

400 5 1 15 I

Retail area

250

30 2.5 40 C School/university

450 8 5 60 D

Sports arena 400

10 1 90 B Town hall

400 25 7.5 90 D

Transportation 400

15 1 65 H Warehouse

225 1500 1 300 A

Workshop 150

30 10 90 A

500

Note to Table [A-8.4.3.3.(1)A] A-8.4.3.3.(1)A:

(1) The values are weighted averages that correspond to typical overall illuminance levels recommended for the buildings/space types listed and include both general lighting and task lighting. They are based on recommendations published by IES.

Table [A-8.4.3.3.(1)B] A-8.4.3.3.(1)B

Default Loads, and Operating Schedules and Illuminance Levels by Space Type

Common Space Types

Space Type

Occupant Density,

m2/occupant

Peak Receptacle

Load, W/m2

Service Water

Heating Load,

W/person

Operating

Schedule (1)

from A-8.4.3.2.(1)

Illuminance

Levels,(2)

lx

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Atrium

first 13 m in height

height above 13 m

10

10

2.5

2.5

0

0

C

C

250

Audience seating area – 250

5

2.5

30

C

permanent

100 for auditorium for performing arts theatre 7.5 2.5 30 C for motion picture theatre

250 5 2.5 30 C

Classroom/lecture/training 250

7.5 5 65 D Conference area/meeting/multi-purpose

400 5 1 45 C


350

100

0

0

*

≥ 2.4 m wide 150 < 2.4 m wide 100 0 0 *

Dining area 150

10

1

90

B

for bar lounge/leisure 100 dining for family dining 10 1 120 B other

200 10 1 120 B

Dressing/fitting room for performing arts theatre

200 30 2.5 40 C

Electrical/Mechanical area

250

200 1 0 * Food preparation area

350 20 10 120 B

Laboratory 500

20

20

10

10

180

180

D

A

500 for classrooms

650 for medical/industrial/research

Lobby

10

1

0

C

for elevator 200 for performing arts theatre 10 1 0 C for motion picture theatre

200 10 1 0 C

other 150

10 1 0 C Locker room

150 10 2.5 0 *

Lounge/recreation area 100

10 1 60 B Office

150

20

7.5

90

A

enclosed 400 open plan 20 7.5 90 A

Sales area 400

30 2.5 40 C Stairway

500 200 0 0 *

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150



Storage area 100 1 300 E Washroom

100 30 1 0 *

Workshop 150

30 10 90 A Building-Specific Space Types

500

Space Type

Occupant Density,

m2/occupant

Peak Receptacle

Load, W/m2

Service Water

Heating Load,

W/person

Operating

Schedule (1)

from A-8.4.3.2.(1)

Illuminance

Levels,(2)

lx

Automotive – repair garage 20 5 90 E Bank – banking activity area and offices

500 25 5 60 A

Convention centre

400

5

2.5

30

C

audience seating 350 exhibit space 5 2.5 30 C

Courthouse/Police 500

5

25

20

5

7.5

10

2.5

2.5

7.5

2.5

5

1

30

325

90

30

65

120

A

H

A

C

D

B

400

400

500

250

400

station/Penitentiary

200

courtroom

confinement cell

judges' chambers

penitentiary – audience seating

penitentiary – classroom

penitentiary – dining area Dormitory – living quarters 25 2.5 500 G Fire station

125

25

25

2.5

2.5

325

500

H

G

350 engine room

150 sleeping quarters Gymnasium/Fitness centre

5

1

90

B

fitness area 350 gymnasium – audience 5 0 30 B seating

350

play area 5 1.5 90 B Hospital

350

100

100

20

20

20

0

0

10

10

20

0

0

180

90

60

*

*

H

C

C

150

150

500

600

corridor/transition area ≥

350

2.4 m wide

corridor/transition area < 2.4 m wide

emergency

exam/treatment

laundry – washing

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lounge/recreation 10 1 60 B medical supply

150 20 1 0 H

nursery 400

20 10 90 H nurses’ station

400 20 2.5 45 H

operating room 400

20 10 300 H patient room

1000 20 10 90 H

pharmacy 400

20 2.5 45 C physical therapy

400 20 10 45 C

radiology/imaging 350

20 10 90 H recovery

225 20 10 180 H

Hotel/Motel 250

10

25

10

10

25

1

2.5

2.5

1

2.5

115

600

30

115

600

B

F

H

B

F

200

200

250

150

hotel dining

150

hotel guest rooms

hotel lobby

highway lodging dining

highway lodging guest rooms

Library

20

2.5

90

C

card file and cataloguing 500 reading area 20 1 90 C stacks

500 20 0 90 C

Manufacturing 500

100

0

0

*

corridor/transition area ≥ 150 2.4 m wide corridor/transition area < 100 0 0 * 2.4 m wide

150

detailed manufacturing 30 10 90 A equipment room

600 30 10 90 A

extra high bay (> 15 m 250

30 10 90 A floor-to-ceiling height)

400

high bay (7.5 to 15 m 30 10 90 A floor-to-ceiling height)

400

low bay (< 7.5 m floor-to- 30 10 90 A ceiling height)

400

Museum

5

20

2.5

5

60

50

C

A

250 general exhibition

600 restoration Parking garage – garage area

1000 0 0 H

Post office – sorting area

75

20 7.5 90 A

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400



Religious buildings

5

5

5

1

1

1

15

45

15

I

C

I

150

250

audience seating

fellowship hall

250 worship pulpit, choir Retail

30

2.5

40

C

dressing/fitting room 350 mall concourse 20 1 30 C sales area

400 30 2.5 40 C

Sports arena 400

5

0

30

B

audience seating 150 court sports area – class 4 5 1.5 90 B court sports area – class 3

500 5 1.5 90 B

court sports area – class 2 800

5 1.5 90 B court sports area – class 1

1000 5 1.5 90 B

ring sports area 1600

5 1.5 90 B Transportation

600

20

2.5

65

H

air/train/bus – baggage 250 area airport – concourse 20 0 65 H seating area

150 10 0 65 H

terminal – ticket counter 150

10 2.5 65 H Warehouse

250

50

1

65

A

fine material storage 300 medium/bulky material 100 1 65 A medium/bulky material

200 100 1 65 A

with permanent shelving 200

that is > 60% of ceiling height

Notes to Table [A-8.4.3.3.(1)B] A-8.4.3.3.(1)B:

(1) An asterisk (*) in this column indicates that there is no recommended default schedule for the space type listed. In general, such space types will be simulated using a schedule that is similar to the adjacent spaces served: e.g. a corridor space serving an adjacent office space will be simulated using a schedule that is similar to that of the office space.

(2) The values are weighted averages that correspond to typical overall illuminance levels recommended for the buildings/space types listed and include both general lighting and task lighting. They are based on recommendations published by IES.



[8.4.3.5.] 8.4.3.5. Interior Lighting

[1] 1) Dwelling units shall be modeled with an installed lighting power density of 5 W/m2.

[2] 2) Where occupant sensorscontrols based on space occupancy are provided, the installed interior lighting power shall be multiplied corrected by the factor for occupancy control, Focc,i and the factor for personal control, Fpers,i as determined in accordance with Article 4.3.2.10. for the appropriate occupancy-sensing mechanism.with the appropriate adjustment factor from Section 4.3.

[3] 3) Where a detailed daylight-dependent controls are provided, daylighting calculations shall be performedcalculation is not provided in the energy model, it shall be carried out in accordance with Section 4.3. [a] --) for the lighting fixtures controlled by the daylight-dependent controls, and [b] --) where the energy model is unable to perform detailed daylighting calculations, by multiplying the installed interior

lighting power in the daylighted area by the factor for daylight harvesting, FDL,i, as calculated in accordance with Article 4.3.2.7.

[4] --) The illumination set-point of the photocontrols referred to in Sentence (3) shall be representative of the space use without task lighting. (See Appendix A.)

A-8.4.3.5.(4) Illumination Set-points. See Table A-8.4.3.3.(1)B.-2015 for default illuminance levels.

[8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. Building Envelope Components [1] 1) Except as provided in Sentence (2), the solar absorptance of each opaque building assembly shall be modeled as being

identical to that determined for the proposed building in Sentence 8.4.3.4.(1).

[2] 2) The solar absorptance of roof assemblies shall be [a] a) if the actual solar absorptance for the proposed building is not used, set to the same value used in the proposed

building, or [b] b) if the actual solar absorptance for the proposed building is used, set to 0.7.

[3] 3) If the total vertical fenestration and door area to gross wall area ratio (FDWR) of the proposed building differs from the maximum permitted by Article 3.2.1.4., the FDWR of the reference building shall be adjusted proportionally along each orientation until it complies with that Article.

[4] 4) Permanent fenestration shading devices and projections shall not be modeled in the reference building.

[5] 5) If the proposed building is modeled with exterior shading provided by a nearby structure or building, the reference building shall also be modeled as such.

[6] 6) Air leakage rates shall be modeled as being identical to those determined for the proposed building in Sentence 8.4.3.4.(3).

[7] 7) Heat transfer through interior partitions shall be modeled as being identical to that of the proposed building.

[8] --) Except for overall thermal transmittance, fenestration shall be modeled with thermal and optical properties that are identical to those used for the proposed building. (See Appendix A.)

A-8.4.4.4.(8) Fenestration Properties. Solar heat gain is an example of a thermal property of fenestration.

[8.4.4.6.] 8.4.4.6. Lighting [1] 1) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), the installed interior lighting power of the reference building shall be set at

the interior lighting power allowance determined in Article 4.2.1.5. or 4.2.1.6., as applicable.

[2] 2) Dwelling units shall be modeled with an installed lighting power density of 5 W/m2.

[3] 3) Where occupant sensors controls based on space occupancy are required by Subsection 4.2.2., the installed interior lighting power shall be multiplied by anthe factor for occupancy control, Focc,i, and the factor for personal control, Fpers,i, as determined in accordance with Article 4.3.2.10. for the appropriate occupancy-sensing mechanism. (See Appendix A.) adjustment factor of 0.9.

[4] 4) The proportions of radiant and convective heat and the percentage of heat gain from lighting going directly to return air shall be modeled as being identical to those determined for the proposed building in Article 8.4.2.7.

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[5] --) Except as provided in Sentence (9), for the purpose of determining the primary and secondary sidelighted areas, the total fenestration area of each thermal block shall be modeled for each orientation as a single centered window with the following characteristics: [a] --) a sill located 0.9 m above the floor, [b] --) a window height of 1.8 m, and [c] --) a width that would result in a window-to-wall-ratio meeting the maximum FDWR value permitted by Article 3.2.1.4.

[6] --) The primary and secondary sidelighted areas shall be determined assuming a depth of 2 m. (See Appendix A.)

[7] --) For the purpose of determining the daylighted area under skylights, the calculations shall be performed assuming a single square skylight positioned at the centre of each thermal block [a] --) that is sized to meet the maximum skylight-to-roof ratio permitted by Article 3.2.1.4., and [b] --) whose projection onto the floor extends horizontally in all directions for a distance equal to 0.5 times the ceiling height. (See Appendix A.)

[8] --) The combined input power within the daylighted areas shall be the sum of the daylighted areas multiplied by the appropriate interior lighting power allowance specified in Table 4.2.1.6.

[9] --) Where photocontrols are required by Subsection 4.2.2., their effect shall be evaluated in accordance with Sentences (10) to (12).

[10] --) Calculations of daylighting levels in each thermal block shall be performed assuming [a] --) the thermal block is a single open space surrounded by opaque walls, [b] --) floor, wall and ceiling reflectances of 0.15, 0.50 and 0.80, respectively, [c] --) illuminance levels measured at a height of 0.75 m from the floor, at the edge of the daylighted areas that is farthest

from the source of daylight and measured perpendicular to this source, and [d] --) a fenestration visible light transmittance corresponding

[i] --) to the area-weighted average of the visible light transmittance for that thermal block in the proposed building, or [ii] --) if there is no fenestration in the proposed building’s corresponding thermal block, to a value of 0.50.

[11] --) The illumination set-point of the photocontrols shall [a] --) be identical to that of the proposed building’s photocontrols, or [b] --) if there are no photocontrols in the proposed building, be representative of the space use assuming no task lighting.

(See Appendix A.)

[12] --) Where the energy model is unable to perform detailed daylighting calculations, the interior lighting power allowance in the daylighted area shall be multiplied by the factor for daylight harvesting, FDL,i, as calculated in accordance with Article 4.3.3.7.

A-8.4.4.6.(3) Controls Based on Space Occupancy. Subsection 4.2.2.-2015 presents several prescriptive control requirements for various space types. In establishing the reference building’s energy consumption, the controls resulting in the highest energy consumption can be selected where compliance options are provided.

A-8.4.4.6.(6) Depth of Sidelighted Areas. The depth of sidelighted areas is affected by window head height and obstructions within the space. Obstructions cannot be established for the reference building, therefore, the 2 m default depth stipulated in Sentence 8.4.4.6.(6) is to account for hypothetical obstructions, such as the walls of closed offices, high partitions, etc., that could be present within a single thermal block.

A-8.4.4.6.(7) Daylighted Area under Skylights. For the purpose of energy model calculations for the reference building, it is assumed that the toplighting contributions are from skylights only and not rooftop monitors.

A-8.4.4.6.(11) Illumination Set-points. See Table A-8.4.3.3.(1)B.-2015 for default illuminance levels.

RATIONALE

Problem During the fall 2013 public review, new prescriptive requirements for occupancy-sensing and daylighting controls were proposed for Section 4.2 of the NECB. For consistency, Part 8 needs to be updated to reflect those changes.

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Justification - Explanation This proposed change updates Part 8 for the impact on energy usage from occupancy-sensing and daylighting controls to reflect the changes to the Part 4 prescriptive requirements presented during the 2013 public review. The change will help ensure a consistent performance level whether the prescriptive or performance approach is used. Further details on the Part 4 prescriptive changes can be found by viewing PCF 585 at http://www.nationalcodes.nrc.gc.ca/eng/public_review/2013/pcfs/necb11_divb_04.02.02._000585.php

For Part 8, the modeling approach presented applies a similar approach to the Part 4 trade-off path. Further details on the Part 4 trade- off path and proposed approach can be found with PCF 840 which is also currently out for PR.

The reference building is modelled with the controls of the prescriptive path controls. Fenestration area criteria are provided for side- and top-light areas. Lux values provided in Table A-8.4.3.3.(1) are based on ASHRAE 90.1 2013 general lux values for the room. However, in some spaces, task lighting dominates and a weighted average of general and task is presented. Further, whole building avearage lux values are presented. Lux values were rounded to the nearest 25 value.

The proposed building is modeled with the controls of the design. Credit provided for daylighting and personals controls is calculated with the same factors for occupancy sensing as the Part 4 trade-off path. The factors are applied to the lighting power density (LPD), which is then modeled on an hourly basis. Use of a multiplier factor to the Part 4 trade-off F factors to account for the hourly calculation method of Part 8 was investigated. However the conservative estimates of savings were not found to justify the addition of a multiplier.


Enforcement implications None. Greater clarity is provided.

Who is affected Designers, energy modellers, builders, contractors and building officials


[8.4.2.7.] 8.4.2.7. ([1] 1) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.2.7.] 8.4.2.7. ([2] 2) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.2.7.] 8.4.2.7. ([3] 3) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.2.7.] 8.4.2.7. ([4] 4) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.2.7.] 8.4.2.7. ([5] 5) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.3.3.] 8.4.3.3. ([1] 1) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.3.5.] 8.4.3.5. ([1] 1) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.3.5.] 8.4.3.5. ([2] 2) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.3.5.] 8.4.3.5. ([3] 3) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. ([1] 1) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. ([2] 2) ([a] a) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. ([2] 2) no attributions [8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. ([3] 3) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. ([4] 4) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. ([5] 5) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. ([6] 6) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. ([7] 7) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.4.] 8.4.4.4. ([7] 7) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] 8.4.4.6. ([1] 1) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] 8.4.4.6. ([2] 2) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] 8.4.4.6. ([3] 3) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] 8.4.4.6. ([4] 4) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] -- ([5] --) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] -- ([6] --) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] -- ([7] --) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] -- ([8] --) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] -- ([8] --) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] -- ([10] --) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] -- ([11] --) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.6.] -- ([12] --) [F99-OE1.1]

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http://www.nationalcodes.nrc.gc.ca/eng/public_review/2013/pcfs/necb11_divb_04.02.02._000585.php�


Committee: Energy Efficiency in Buildings (SCEEB 7.09.04) Last modified: 2014-06-12 Page: 1/2

Proposed Change 817 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B 8.4.4.9. Subject: Performance Compliance - Other Title: 8.4.4.9. Equipment Oversizing Description: The proposed change is intended to clarify wording that could be open to

interpretation.

EXISTING PROVISION

8.4.4.9. Equipment Oversizing 1) The heating equipment of the reference building shall be modeled as being oversized by the lesser of

a) the percentage of oversizing applied to the proposed building, or b) 30%.

2) The cooling equipment of the reference building shall be modeled as being oversized by the lesser of a) the percentage of oversizing applied to the proposed building, or b) 10%.

PROPOSED CHANGE

[8.4.4.9.] 8.4.4.9. Equipment Oversizing (See Appendix A.)

[1] 1) The heating equipment of the reference building shall be modeled as being oversized by the lesser of [a] a) the percentage of oversizing applied to the proposed building, or [b] b) 30%.

[2] 2) The cooling equipment of the reference building shall be modeled as being oversized by the lesser of [a] a) the percentage of oversizing applied to the proposed building, or [b] b) 10%.

A-8.4.4.9. Equipment Oversizing. Oversizing is an accepted industry practice that is implemented when safety factors are applied on the calculated load, when the reserve capacity for future use is included, or when equipment precisely matching the building’s calculated load is not available on the market. However, gross oversizing can lead to the inefficient operation of equipment: for example, poor efficiency when equipment is operating at part-load. The 30% oversizing for heating equipment, which includes pick-up loads, and the 10% oversizing for cooling equipment stated in Article 8.4.4.9. are upper limits selected to avoid gross oversizing when modeling the reference building.

RATIONALE

Problem Currently, the code wording could lend itself to interpretation issues on the reason oversizing modeling requirements are included in Part 8. Th

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Committee: Energy Efficiency in Buildings (SCEEB 7.09.04) Last modified: 2014-06-12 Page: 2/2

Justification - Explanation The proposed change adds an appendix note to provide greater clarity. For modelers a description of why oversizing can occur is provided. The note also clarifies that the upper limit the values in clauses 8.4.4.9.(1).(b) and 8.4.4.9.(2).(b) are meant to avoid gross oversizing.



Who is affected Designers, energy modelers, builders, contractors and building officials.


[8.4.4.9.] 8.4.4.9. ([1] 1) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.9.] 8.4.4.9. ([2] 2) [F99-OE1.1]

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Committee: Energy Efficiency in Buildings (7.09.08) Last modified: 2014-06-17 Page: 1/2

Proposed Change 825 Code Reference(s): NECB11 Div.B 8.4.4.12. Subject: Performance Compliance - Other Title: 8.4.4.12 Cooling Tower Systems Description: Update of performance compliance to reflect the newly proposed Part 5

prescriptive requirement for cooling tower heat rejection. Related Provision(s): NECB 2010 Div. B 5.2.13.

EXISTING PROVISION

8.4.4.12. Cooling Tower Systems 1) Where applicable, water-cooled systems shall be paired to a direct-contact cooling tower that has

a) a capacity equal to the nominal heat rejection rate of the equipment, b) inlet and outlet water temperatures of 35°C and 29°C, respectively, and c) an inlet outside air wet bulb temperature of 24°C.

2) A cooling tower with a capacity not greater than 1 750 kW shall be modeled with one cell.

3) A cooling tower with a capacity greater than 1 750 kW shall be modeled with a number of cells equal to its capacity divided by 1 750 and rounded up to the nearest integer.

4) The pumping system shall be modeled as constant speed operation.

5) The pumping flow rate shall be set considering a) the cooling tower's capacity, b) use of pure water, and c) a 6°C temperature drop.

6) The fan of each cooling tower cell shall be modeled a) as constant speed operation, b) with a fan power equal to 0.015 multiplied by the cell's capacity in kW, and c) with cycling control to maintain an outlet water temperature of 29°C.

PROPOSED CHANGE

[8.4.4.12.] 8.4.4.12. Cooling Tower Systems [1] 1) Where applicable, water-cooled systems shall be paired to a axial-fan, direct-contact cooling tower that

has [a] a) a capacity equal to the nominal heat rejection rate of the equipment, [b] b) inlet and outlet water temperatures of 35°C and 29°C, respectively, and [c] c) an inlet outside air wet bulb temperature of 24°C.

[2] 2) A cooling tower with a capacity not greater than 1 750 kW shall be modeled with one cell.

[3] 3) A cooling tower with a capacity greater than 1 750 kW shall be modeled with a number of cells equal to its capacity divided by 1 750 and rounded up to the nearest integer.

[4] 4) The pumping system shall be modeled as constant speed operation.

[5] 5) The pumping flow rate shall be set considering [a] a) the cooling tower's capacity, [b] b) use of pure water, and [c] c) a 6°C temperature drop.

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Committee: Energy Efficiency in Buildings (7.09.08) Last modified: 2014-06-17 Page: 2/2

[6] 6) The fan of each cooling tower cell shall be modeled with cycling control to maintain an outlet water temperature of 29°C. [a] a) as constant speed operation, [b] b) with a fan power equal to 0.015 multiplied by the cell's capacity in kW, and [c] c) with cycling control to maintain an outlet water temperature of 29°C.

RATIONALE

Problem A new prescriptive requirement in Subsection 5.2.13 for heat rejection equipment was proposed during the fall 2013 public review. For consistency Part 8 needs to be updated to reflect the prescriptive requirement.

Justification - Explanation With the proposed change updates the energy usage of the reference cooling towers systems will match the new Subsection 5.2.13 prescriptive requirements. Making the change helps ensure a consistent performance level whether the prescriptive or performance approach is used.

Specification of constant speed operation is now included in the prescriptive requirement and no longer needs to be specified in Part 8. Similarly, fan power requirements no longer need to be specified since the prescriptive path has performance requirements based on equipment type. The proposed prescriptive requirements were presented in PCF 597 and can be found at http://www.nationalcodes.nrc.gc.ca/eng/public_review/2013/pcfs/necb11_divb_05.02._000597.php



Who is affected Designers, energy modellers, builders, contractors, and building officials.


[8.4.4.12.] 8.4.4.12. ([1] 1) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.12.] 8.4.4.12. ([2] 2) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.12.] 8.4.4.12. ([3] 3) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.12.] 8.4.4.12. ([4] 4) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.12.] 8.4.4.12. ([5] 5) [F99-OE1.1] [8.4.4.12.] 8.4.4.12. ([6] 6) [F99-OE1.1]

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http://www.nationalcodes.nrc.gc.ca/eng/public_review/2013/pcfs/necb11_divb_05.02._000597.php�

http://www.nationalcodes.nrc.gc.ca/eng/public_review/2013/pcfs/necb11_divb_05.02._000597.php�


Committee: Fire Protection (2010-7.8.3.) Last modified: 2014-06-25 Page: 1/10

Proposed Change 906 Code Reference(s): NFC10 Div.B 4.2. Subject: Other — Fire Protection Title: Storage Limit of Flammable and Combustible Liquide in Self-Service

Storage Buildings Description: To define the maximum quantities of flammable and combustible liquids

permitted to be stored in self-service storage buildings. Related Proposed Change(s):

PCF 389, PCF 905

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PROPOSED CHANGE

[4.2.] 4.2. Container Storage and Handling [4.2.1.] 4.2.1. Scope

[4.2.1.1.] 4.2.1.1. Application [4.2.2.] 4.2.2. General

[4.2.2.1.] 4.2.2.1. Prohibited Locations

[4.2.2.2.] 4.2.2.2. Storage Arrangement

[4.2.2.3.] 4.2.2.3. Separation from Other Dangerous Goods [4.2.3.] 4.2.3. Containers and Portable Tanks

[4.2.3.1.] 4.2.3.1. Design and Construction

[4.2.3.2.] 4.2.3.2. Markings or Labels

[4.2.3.3.] 4.2.3.3. Other Types of Containers [4.2.4.] 4.2.4. Assembly and Residential Occupancies

[4.2.4.1.] 4.2.4.1. Application

[4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. Maximum Quantities

[4.2.4.3.] 4.2.4.3. Storage Cabinets and Storage Rooms

[4.2.4.4.] 4.2.4.4. Exterior Balconies

[4.2.4.5.] 4.2.4.5. Dwelling Units

[4.2.4.6.] 4.2.4.6. Attached Garages and Sheds [4.2.5.] 4.2.5. Mercantile Occupancies

[4.2.5.1.] 4.2.5.1. Application


[4.2.5.3.] 4.2.5.3. Containers

[4.2.5.4.] 4.2.5.4. Transfer [4.2.6.] 4.2.6. Business and Personal Services, Educational, Care, Treatment and Detention Occupancies

[4.2.6.1.] 4.2.6.1. Application

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[4.2.6.2.] 4.2.6.2. Storage Cabinets and Storage Rooms


[4.2.6.4.] 4.2.6.4. Containers [4.2.6.5.] 4.2.6.5. Separation of Dangerous Goods

[4.2.7.] 4.2.7. Industrial Occupancies

[4.2.7.1.] 4.2.7.1. Application [1] 1) Except as provided in Subsection 4.2.12.-2015 regarding self-service storage buildings, Tthis

Subsection applies to the storage of flammable liquids and combustible liquids in closed containers in industrial occupancies.

[4.2.7.2.] 4.2.7.2. Storage Facilities [4.2.7.3.] 4.2.7.3. Fire Compartments

[4.2.7.4.] 4.2.7.4. Dispensing and Transfer


[4.2.7.6.] 4.2.7.6. Fire Suppression Systems

[4.2.7.7.] 4.2.7.7. Clearances

[4.2.7.8.] 4.2.7.8. Aisles

[4.2.7.9.] 4.2.7.9. Separation from Other Dangerous Goods

[4.2.7.10.] 4.2.7.10. Separation from Combustible Products

[4.2.7.11.] 4.2.7.11. Absorbents [4.2.8.] 4.2.8. Incidental Use

[4.2.8.1.] 4.2.8.1. Application [4.2.8.2.] 4.2.8.2. Maximum Quantities

[4.2.8.3.] 4.2.8.3. Handling

[4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. General Storage Areas

[4.2.9.] 4.2.9. Rooms for Container Storage and Dispensing

[4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. Maximum Quantities [4.2.9.2.] 4.2.9.2. Spill Control

[4.2.9.3.] 4.2.9.3. Aisles

[4.2.9.4.] 4.2.9.4. Dispensing

[4.2.9.5.] 4.2.9.5. Explosion Venting

[4.2.10.] 4.2.10. Cabinets for Container Storage

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[4.2.10.1.] 4.2.10.1. Containers [4.2.10.2.] 4.2.10.2. Maximum Quantity per Cabinet

[4.2.10.3.] 4.2.10.3. Maximum Quantity per Fire Compartment

[4.2.10.4.] 4.2.10.4. Labelling

[4.2.10.5.] 4.2.10.5. Fire Endurance [4.2.10.6.] 4.2.10.6. Ventilation

[4.2.11.] 4.2.11. Outdoor Container Storage

[4.2.11.1.] 4.2.11.1. Quantities and Clearances

[4.2.11.2.] 4.2.11.2. Mixed Storage

[4.2.11.3.] 4.2.11.3. Fire Department Access

[4.2.11.4.] 4.2.11.4. Spill Control

[4.2.11.5.] 4.2.11.5. Fencing [4.2.12.] -- Self-Service Storage Buildings

[4.2.12.1.] --- Application [1] --) This Subsection applies to the storage and handling of flammable liquids and combustible liquids in

self-service storage buildings within the scope of Section 3.9. of Division B of the NBC.

[4.2.12.2.] --- Maximum Quantities [1] --) Not more than 50 L of flammable liquids and combustible liquids, of which not more than 30 L shall be

Class I liquids, are permitted to be stored in individual self-service storage units.

[4.2.12.3.] --- Dispensing and Handling [1] --) The dispensing and handing of flammable liquids and combustible liquids shall not be permitted within

[a] --) individual self-service storage units, and [b] --) common areas of the self-service storage building.

RATIONALE

Problem Some of the greatest issues pertaining to the construction of new storage facilities involve the issues of fire safety requirements and atypical interpretations to the local codes. Except for Ontario, Manitoba and Alberta, many locations have no building code specific to self-storages, and local planners attempt to apply the ‘most applicable’ code to the project.

The time required to review and apply various codes to a project can greatly lengthen a project approval time. Recent projects in BC have taken 12 months for the permit process which was largely caused by the circulation and interpretation of requirements pertaining to the building plans. This could have been avoided had self-storage specific code requirements been clear. In contrast the last two projects completed in Ontario took an average of 6 months for approvals to be attained. The projects in each case were similar in size, design and features.

Today there are just over 3,300 facilities operating in Canada, providing over 65 million sq. ft. of rentable space. Each year the industry adds approximately 10 to 20 new facilities and more than 1,000,000 sq. ft. of rentable space into the Canadian marketplace.

Justification - Explanation

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This proposed change, which forms part of the self-service storage garage package, defines the maximum quantities of flammable and combustible liquids permitted to be stored in the buildings and prohibits dispensing, handling, and transfer of flammable or combustible liquids in the rental space, and other common areas.

Maximum Quantities The maximum quantities were determined based on the maximum quantities permitted in attached garages and sheds for assembly and residential occupancies (Article 4.2.4.6.). Since each individual storage unit typically serves a household, it was felt that each storage unit would have no need to store flammable or combustible liquids in excess of this quantity. By limiting the quantity of flammable and combustible liquids permitted to be stored in each unit, it was felt that the risk of ignition resulting in explosion or fire was maintained at the same level compared to what is currently acceptable in attached garages or sheds.

Dispensing and Handling Permitting dispensing and handling of flammable and combustible liquids within the individual storage units and other common areas was felt to be an unacceptable level of risk.

Cost implications These changes will have a negligible or positive cost implication since the applicable requirements pertaining to self-service storage buildings will be harmonized and clarified throughout the Code.

Enforcement implications The proposed changes can be regulated using available resources. No additional implications to enforcement.

Who is affected Architects, engineers, building owners, regulators


[4.2.1.1.] 4.2.1.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.1.1.] 4.2.1.1. ([2] 2) no attributions [4.2.1.1.] 4.2.1.1. ([3] 3) no attributions [4.2.1.1.] 4.2.1.1. ([4] 4) no attributions [4.2.1.1.] 4.2.1.1. ([5] 5) no attributions [4.2.2.1.] 4.2.2.1. ([1] 1) [F10,F12,F05,F06-OS1.5] Applies to storage in or adjacent to exits or principal routes that provide access to exits. [4.2.2.1.] 4.2.2.1. ([1] 1) [F03-OS1.2] Applies to storage near elevators. [4.2.2.2.] 4.2.2.2. ([1] 1) [F20-OS1.1,OS1.2] [F04-OS1.2,OS1.5] [4.2.2.2.] 4.2.2.2. ([1] 1) [F20-OH5] [4.2.2.2.] 4.2.2.2. ([1] 1) [F04-OP1.2] [4.2.2.3.] 4.2.2.3. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.2.3.] 4.2.2.3. ([2] 2) no attributions [4.2.3.1.] 4.2.3.1. ([1] 1) [F20,F43,F80,F81-OH5] [4.2.3.1.] 4.2.3.1. ([1] 1) ([d] d) [F01,F43,F04-OS1.1] [4.2.3.1.] 4.2.3.1. ([1] 1) [F20,F43,F80,F81,F01-OS1.1] [4.2.3.2.] 4.2.3.2. ([1] 1) [F81-OS1.1] [F12-OS1.1,OS1.2] [4.2.3.2.] 4.2.3.2. ([2] 2) [F81-OS1.1] [F12-OS1.1,OS1.2] [4.2.3.3.] 4.2.3.3. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.4.1.] 4.2.4.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([2] 2) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([2] 2) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([3] 3) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([3] 3) [F02-OP1.2]

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[4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([4] 4) ([b] b) [F03-OS1.2] [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([4] 4) ([a] a) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([4] 4) [F02,F03-OS1.2] [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([4] 4) ([a] a) [F02-OP1.2] Applies to storage in cabinets not exceeding the quantity permitted for one cabinet. [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([4] 4) [F02,F03-OP1.2] [4.2.4.2.] 4.2.4.2. ([4] 4) no attributions [4.2.4.3.] 4.2.4.3. ([1] 1) [F12-OS1.2] [F01-OS1.1] [4.2.4.3.] 4.2.4.3. ([1] 1) [F12-OP1.2] [F01-OP1.1] [4.2.4.3.] 4.2.4.3. ([2] 2) no attributions [4.2.4.4.] 4.2.4.4. ([1] 1) [F03-OS1.2] [4.2.4.4.] 4.2.4.4. ([1] 1) [F03-OP1.2] [4.2.4.5.] 4.2.4.5. ([1] 1) [F02-OS1.2] Applies to portion of Code text: “Not more ... than 10 L shall be Class I liquids, are permitted to be stored in each dwelling unit.” [4.2.4.5.] 4.2.4.5. ([1] 1) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.4.5.] 4.2.4.5. ([1] 1) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.4.5.] 4.2.4.5. ([1] 1) [F02-OP1.2] Applies to portion of Code text: “Not more … than 10 L shall be Class I liquids, are permitted to be stored in each dwelling unit.” [4.2.4.6.] 4.2.4.6. ([1] 1) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.4.6.] 4.2.4.6. ([1] 1) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.5.1.] 4.2.5.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.5.2.] 4.2.5.2. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.5.2.] 4.2.5.2. ([2] 2) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.5.2.] 4.2.5.2. ([2] 2) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.5.2.] 4.2.5.2. ([3] 3) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.5.2.] 4.2.5.2. ([3] 3) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.5.2.] 4.2.5.2. ([4] 4) no attributions [4.2.5.2.] 4.2.5.2. ([5] 5) [F02,F03-OS1.2] [4.2.5.2.] 4.2.5.2. ([5] 5) [F02,F03-OP1.2] [4.2.5.2.] 4.2.5.2. ([5] 5) no attributions [4.2.5.3.] 4.2.5.3. ([1] 1) [F01,F43-OS1.1] [4.2.5.3.] 4.2.5.3. ([2] 2) [F20-OS1.1,OS1.2] [F04-OS1.5] [4.2.5.3.] 4.2.5.3. ([2] 2) [F20-OH5] [4.2.5.3.] 4.2.5.3. ([2] 2) [F04-OP1.2] [4.2.5.3.] 4.2.5.3. ([3] 3) [F01,F43-OS1.2] [4.2.5.4.] 4.2.5.4. ([1] 1) [F01,F43-OS1.1] [4.2.5.4.] 4.2.5.4. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.5.4.] 4.2.5.4. ([2] 2) no attributions [4.2.6.1.] 4.2.6.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.6.2.] 4.2.6.2. ([1] 1) ([a] a) [F02-OS1.2] Applies to storage in cabinets not exceeding the quantity permitted for one cabinet. [4.2.6.2.] 4.2.6.2. ([1] 1) ([b] b) [F03-OS1.2] [4.2.6.2.] 4.2.6.2. ([1] 1) [F02,F03-OS1.2] [4.2.6.2.] 4.2.6.2. ([1] 1) [F01,F43-OS1.1] Applies to portion of Code text: “Except as permitted in Article 4.2.6.3., flammable liquids and combustible liquids shall be kept in closed containers …” [4.2.6.2.] 4.2.6.2. ([1] 1) ([a] a) [F02-OP1.2] Applies to storage in cabinets not exceeding the quantity permitted for one cabinet. [4.2.6.2.] 4.2.6.2. ([1] 1) [F02,F03-OP1.2] [4.2.6.2.] 4.2.6.2. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.6.3.] 4.2.6.3. ([1] 1) [F02,F03-OS1.2] [4.2.6.3.] 4.2.6.3. ([1] 1) [F02,F03-OP1.2] [4.2.6.3.] 4.2.6.3. ([2] 2) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.6.3.] 4.2.6.3. ([2] 2) [F02-OP1.2]

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[4.2.6.4.] 4.2.6.4. ([1] 1) [F04,F43,F01-OS1.1] [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.6.4.] 4.2.6.4. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.6.5.] 4.2.6.5. ([1] 1) [F03-OS1.2] [4.2.6.5.] 4.2.6.5. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.7.1.] 4.2.7.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.7.2.] 4.2.7.2. ([1] 1) [F02,F03-OS1.2] [4.2.7.2.] 4.2.7.2. ([1] 1) [F02,F03-OP1.2] [4.2.7.3.] 4.2.7.3. ([1] 1) [F03-OS1.2] [4.2.7.3.] 4.2.7.3. ([1] 1) [F03-OP1.2] [4.2.7.4.] 4.2.7.4. ([1] 1) [F01,F02,F03-OS1.2] [4.2.7.4.] 4.2.7.4. ([1] 1) [F01,F02,F03-OP1.2] [4.2.7.4.] 4.2.7.4. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.7.4.] 4.2.7.4. ([2] 2) [F02,F01-OS1.2,OS1.1] [4.2.7.4.] 4.2.7.4. ([2] 2) [F01,F02-OP1.1,OP1.2] [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([1] 1) [F03,F02-OS1.2] [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([1] 1) [F43,F01-OS1.1] [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([1] 1) [F20-OS1.1,OS1.2] [F04-OS1.2,OS1.5] [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([1] 1) [F04-OP1.2] [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([1] 1) [F20-OH5] [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([1] 1) [F03,F02-OP1.2] [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([2] 2) [F03-OS1.2] [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([2] 2) [F03-OP1.2] [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([2] 2) ([b] b) [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([3] 3) no attributions [4.2.7.5.] 4.2.7.5. ([4] 4) no attributions [4.2.7.6.] 4.2.7.6. ([1] 1) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.7.6.] 4.2.7.6. ([1] 1) [F02-OP1.1] [4.2.7.6.] 4.2.7.6. ([1] 1) ([b] b) [4.2.7.7.] 4.2.7.7. ([1] 1) [F04-OS1.3] [4.2.7.7.] 4.2.7.7. ([1] 1) [F04-OP1.3] [4.2.7.7.] 4.2.7.7. ([2] 2) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.7.7.] 4.2.7.7. ([2] 2) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.7.7.] 4.2.7.7. ([3] 3) [F81,F82-OS1.1] [F10-OS1.5] [4.2.7.8.] 4.2.7.8. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.7.9.] 4.2.7.9. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.7.10.] 4.2.7.10. ([1] 1) [F03-OS1.2] [4.2.7.11.] 4.2.7.11. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.8.1.] 4.2.8.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.8.2.] 4.2.8.2. ([1] 1) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.8.2.] 4.2.8.2. ([1] 1) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.8.2.] 4.2.8.2. ([2] 2) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.8.2.] 4.2.8.2. ([2] 2) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.8.2.] 4.2.8.2. ([3] 3) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.8.2.] 4.2.8.2. ([3] 3) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.8.2.] 4.2.8.2. ([3] 3) no attributions [4.2.8.3.] 4.2.8.3. ([1] 1) [F01-OS1.1] [4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. ([1] 1) [F02,F03-OS1.2] [4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. ([1] 1) [F02,F03-OP1.2]

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[4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. ([2] 2) no attributions [4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. ([3] 3) no attributions [4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. ([4] 4) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. ([4] 4) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. ([5] 5) no attributions [4.2.8.4.] 4.2.8.4. ([6] 6) no attributions [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([1] 1) [F02-OS1.2] Applies to storage densities averaged over the total room area. [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([1] 1) [F02-OS1.2] Applies to the total quantities of flammable liquids and combustible liquids. [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([1] 1) [F03-OS1.2] Applies to the fire-resistance ratings of fire separations . [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([1] 1) [F02-OP1.2] Applies to storage densities averaged over the total room area. [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([1] 1) [F02-OP1.2] Applies to the total quantities of flammable liquids and combustible liquids. [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([1] 1) [F03-OP1.2] Applies to the fire-resistance ratings of fire separations. [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([2] 2) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([2] 2) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([2] 2) no attributions [4.2.9.1.] 4.2.9.1. ([3] 3) no attributions [4.2.9.2.] 4.2.9.2. ([1] 1) [F44-OS1.1,OS1.2] [4.2.9.2.] 4.2.9.2. ([1] 1) [F44-OP1.2] [4.2.9.2.] 4.2.9.2. ([1] 1) [F44-OH5] [4.2.9.3.] 4.2.9.3. ([1] 1) [F81,F82-OS1.1,OS1.2] [F12-OS1.2] [F10-OS1.5] [4.2.9.3.] 4.2.9.3. ([1] 1) [F12-OP1.2] [4.2.9.4.] 4.2.9.4. ([1] 1) [F43,F01-OS1.1] [4.2.9.5.] 4.2.9.5. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.10.1.] 4.2.10.1. ([1] 1) [F43,F01-OS1.1] Applies to storage in closed containers. [4.2.10.1.] 4.2.10.1. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.10.2.] 4.2.10.2. ([1] 1) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.10.2.] 4.2.10.2. ([1] 1) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.10.3.] 4.2.10.3. ([1] 1) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.10.3.] 4.2.10.3. ([1] 1) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.10.3.] 4.2.10.3. ([2] 2) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.10.3.] 4.2.10.3. ([2] 2) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.10.3.] 4.2.10.3. ([3] 3) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.10.3.] 4.2.10.3. ([3] 3) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.10.4.] 4.2.10.4. ([1] 1) [F01-OS1.1] [4.2.10.5.] 4.2.10.5. ([1] 1) [F01-OS1.1] [4.2.10.5.] 4.2.10.5. ([1] 1) [F44-OS1.1] [4.2.10.5.] 4.2.10.5. ([1] 1) [F03-OS1.2] [4.2.10.5.] 4.2.10.5. ([1] 1) [F03-OP1.2] [4.2.10.5.] 4.2.10.5. ([1] 1) [F44-OP1.1] [4.2.10.5.] 4.2.10.5. ([1] 1) [F44-OH5] [4.2.10.6.] 4.2.10.6. ([1] 1) ([a] a) [F01-OS1.1,OS1.2] Applies to materials providing equivalent fire protection.([b] b) [F01-OS1.1,OS1.2] Applies to the vent piping providing equivalent fire protection. [4.2.10.6.] 4.2.10.6. ([1] 1) ([a] a) [F01-OS1.1] Applies to portion of Code text: “… the ventilation openings shall be sealed …”([b] b) [F01-OS1.1] Applies to portion of Code text:”… the cabinet shall be vented outdoors …” [4.2.11.1.] 4.2.11.1. ([1] 1) [F03,F02-OS1.2] [4.2.11.1.] 4.2.11.1. ([1] 1) [F03,F02-OP3.1] [4.2.11.1.] 4.2.11.1. ([2] 2) ([a] a),([b] b) [F03,F02-OS1.2] [4.2.11.1.] 4.2.11.1. ([2] 2) ([a] a),([b] b) [F03,F02-OP3.1]

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[4.2.11.2.] 4.2.11.2. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.11.3.] 4.2.11.3. ([1] 1) [F12-OP3.1] [4.2.11.4.] 4.2.11.4. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.11.5.] 4.2.11.5. ([1] 1) no attributions [4.2.12.1.] -- ([1] --) no attributions [4.2.12.2.] -- ([1] --) [F02-OS1.2] [4.2.12.2.] -- ([1] --) [F02-OP1.2] [4.2.12.3.] -- ([1] --) [F01,F43-OS1.1] [4.2.12.3.] -- ([1] --) [F02,F43-OS1.2] [4.2.12.3.] -- ([1] --) [F01-OP1.1] [4.2.12.3.] -- ([1] --) [F02,F43-OP1.2]

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Committee: Hazardous Materials and Activities (2010-5.8.7.) Last modified: 2014-06-19 Page: 1/3

Proposed Change 900 Code Reference(s): NFC10 Div.B 4.3.1.10. Subject: Storage Tanks Title: Storage Tank Repair and Refurbishment Description: This proposed change removes the reference to the withdrawn certification

programs when reusing storage tanks in accordance with Article 4.3.1.10. and adds appropriate references to new standards when reusing storage tanks (adds CAN/ULC-S669, API 653, and STI-SP031).

Related Code Change Request(s):

CCR 823

EXISTING PROVISION

4.3.1.10. Reuse 1) A storage tank that has been taken out of service shall not be reused for the storage of flammable

liquids or combustible liquids unless it has been a) refurbished so as to conform to one of the standards listed in Sentence 4.3.1.2.(1), or b) refurbished in conformance with Sentence (2) or (3).

2) A storage tank is permitted to be refurbished for aboveground use in conformance with one of the following standards:

a) ULC-S601(A), “Refurbishing of Steel Aboveground Horizontal Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids,”

b) ULC-S630(A), “Refurbishing of Steel Aboveground Vertical Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids.”

3) A storage tank is permitted to be refurbished for underground use in conformance with one of the following standards:

a) ULC-S603(A), “Refurbishing of Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids,”

b) ULC-S615(A), “Refurbishing of Reinforced Plastic Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids.”

(See Appendix A.)

4) A riveted storage tank shall not be relocated.

A-4.3.1.10.(3) Storage tanks can also be refurbished for underground use in conformance with , "". The process outlined in this document is applicable in a limited number of cases such as when the storage tank is in a location that is hard to reach.

PROPOSED CHANGE

[4.3.1.10.] 4.3.1.10. Reuse [1] 1) A storage tank that has been taken out of service shall not be reused for the storage of flammable

liquids or combustible liquids unless it has been [a] a) refurbished so as to conform to one of the standards listed in Sentence 4.3.1.2.(1), or [b] b) refurbished in conformance with Sentence (2) or (3).

[2] 2) A storage tank is permitted to be refurbished for aboveground use in conformance with one of the following standards:good engineering practice such as that described in

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[a] a) ULC-S601(A), “Refurbishing of Steel Aboveground Horizontal Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids,”API 653, “Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction,” and

[b] b) ULC-S630(A), “Refurbishing of Steel Aboveground Vertical Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids.”STI SP031, “Repair of Shop Fabricated Aboveground Tanks for Storage of Flammable and Combustible Liquids.”

[3] 3) A storage tank is permitted to be refurbished for underground use in conformance with one of the following standards:good engineering practice such as that described in [a] a) ULC-S603(A), “Refurbishing of Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible

Liquids,”CAN/ULC-S669, “Internal Retrofit Systems for Flammable and Combustible Liquid Tanks.”

[b] b) ULC-S615(A), “Refurbishing of Reinforced Plastic Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids.”, "".

(See Appendix A.)

[4] 4) A riveted storage tank shall not be relocated.

RATIONALE

Problem As of August 23, 2012 – Underwriters Laboratories of Canada has withdrawn the Technical Supplements ULC- S601 (A)-2001, ULC-S603 (A)-2001, ULC-S615 (A)-2001, ULC-S630 (A)-2001. By withdrawing these certification programs, Code users have no means to repair or refurbish a storage tank without sending the tank back to the manufacturer or replacing it with a new storage tank. In some cases where the tank is difficult or costly to remove, on-site refurbishment is required.

Justification - Explanation As the referenced CAN/ULC publications and Certification programs are no longer available, replacement of these references in the NFC was required. For aboveground storage tanks, API 653, "Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction" and STI SP031, “Standard for the Repair of Shop Fabricated Aboveground Tanks for Storage of Combustible Liquids on Field Erected Storage Tanks” were considered. For underground storage tanks, CAN/ULC-S669, “Standard for Internal Retrofit Systems for Flammable and Combustible Liquid Tanks” can be used when upgrading or retrofitting the lining of the tank. The scope of CAN/ULC-S669 applies when replacing the tank lining, and does include procedures when repairing the host tank. It is not the intent of this reference to apply the repair of the host tank without also changing the tank liner.

The intent is that these references for the repair of aboveground and underground storage tanks provide authorities having jurisdictions and manufacturers with a set of requirements for the on-site repair of a storage tank.

Cost implications On a case by case basis this may have a negative or positive effect. Providing a means for tank owners to repair a storage tank on-site may be more cost effective than either replacing the storage tank with a new tank, or sending the tank back to the manufacturer for repair and re-installation. In a small number of cases, the withdrawn certification program may have required fewer repair requirements to comply with and in these cases, the proposed repair costs may be more expensive (especially for underground storage tanks). In some jurisdictions, repair of underground storage tanks is not permitted and this would have no cost impact on those tanks.

Enforcement implications This change would have a positive impact on enforcement by providing a means for the on-site repair of storage tanks. Authorities having jurisdiction will be able to verify that the tank has been repaired to a recognized tank standard by the certification label.

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This change would provide up to date clarity for authorities having jurisdiction and can be enforced with current infrastructure and therefore facilitate enforcement. No increase in resources anticipated to be required.

Who is affected regulators, engineers, building owners, tank owners, designers, fire services, and building managers.


[4.3.1.10.] 4.3.1.10. ([1] 1) ([a] a) [4.3.1.10.] 4.3.1.10. ([1] 1) ([b] b) [4.3.1.10.] 4.3.1.10. ([2] 2) [F20,F43,F01-OS1.1] [4.3.1.10.] 4.3.1.10. ([2] 2) [F20,F43-OH5] [4.3.1.10.] 4.3.1.10. ([3] 3) [F20,F43,F01-OS1.1] [4.3.1.10.] 4.3.1.10. ([3] 3) [F20,F43-OH5] [4.3.1.10.] 4.3.1.10. ([4] 4) [F81-OH5] [4.3.1.10.] 4.3.1.10. ([4] 4) [F81-OS1.1]

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Committee: Hazardous Materials and Activities (2010-4.8.3.7.) Last modified: 2014-05-07 Page: 1/3

Proposed Change 479 Code Reference(s): NFC10 Div.B 5.5.5.1. Subject: Dangerous Goods — Laboratories Title: Maximum Quantities of Dangerous Goods Kept in Laboratories Description: This proposed change expands the maximum quantities of dangerous

goods kept in laboratories to include all classes of dangerous goods including flammable and combustible liquids and compressed gases.

REVISED PROPOSED CHANGE FOLLOWING PUBLIC REVIEW 2013

[5.5.5.1.] 5.5.5.1. Maximum Quantities [1] 3) Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), the quantities of dangerous goods for use in a laboratory

shall be kept to a minimum and shall [a] --) not exceed the supply necessary for normal operations, and [b] --) be stored in conformance with Part 3 or Part 4 outside the laboratory.

[2] 1) The quantities of dangerous goods classified as flammable liquids or combustible liquids for use in a laboratory shall be kept to a minimum and shall not exceed [a] a) 300 L, not more than 50 L of which shall be Class I liquids, when located in an area of a Group

A, Division 2 educational occupancy or a Group D major occupancy other than the basement, [b] b) the quantities permitted in Sentence 4.2.6.3.(1), when located in any area, including the

basement, of a Group B major occupancy, or [i] i)

[ii] ii) [c] --) the quantities permitted in Part 4, when located in a basement. (See Appendix A.)

[3] 2) Quantities of dangerous goods classified as compressed gases kept in the open area of a laboratory in a building containing any major occupancy other than an industrial occupancy shall [a] a) in a sprinklered building, not exceed

[i] --) 56 m3 of dangerous goods classified as flammable gases, [ii] --) 85 m3 of dangerous goods classified as oxidizing gases, or

[iii] --) 92 m3 of dangerous goods classified as toxic gases, [b] b) in an unsprinklered building, not exceed

[i] --) 28 m3 of lighter-than-air dangerous goods classified as flammable gases, [ii] --) 43 m3 of dangerous goods classified as oxidizing gases, or

[iii] --) 46 m3 of dangerous goods classified as toxic gases, or [c] --) in a building containing a Group A, Division 2 educational occupancy or Group B major

occupancy, not exceed 50% of the quantities stated in Clauses (a) and (b).

[4] --) The quantities of dangerous goods permitted by Sentences (1) to (3) do not include the amount contained in the piping systems conveying the dangerous goods from an external source to the laboratory.

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RATIONALE

Problem Generally, it is understood that the storage of compressed gases is permitted within a fire compartment in accordance with Part 3 of Division B of the NFC. If quantities are below the value found in Table 3.2.7.1. and Sentence 3.2.8.2.(2) limits of Div. B of the NFC, then cylinders of compressed gases would be permitted to be stored in a laboratory, otherwise they would be required to be located in a storage room. NFC limits lighter-than-air flammable gases in a building, stored outside of a storage room, to 60 m3 in unsprinklered buidling of combustible construction and 170 m3 in a sprinklered building of noncombustible construction.

Currently, cylinders of compressed gases connected to equipment are not considered to count towards the volume in storage since these are classified as "in use". The quantity of compressed gases considered to be "in use" is therefore, not regulated.

The Task Group on Use and Classification of Dangerous Goods:Laboratories (TG) has concluded that the maximum quantities of dangerous goods in a laboratory (fire compartment) either "in use" or stored, present the same hazard to people and the building in a fire emergency and/or upon accidental release of the gases in the atmosphere. When cylinders of compressed gases are exposed to flame, the hazard associated with the expansion of the gas(es) inside each cylinder is indepented whehter the cylinders are "in use" or in storage.

The TG confirmed the intent to limit the maximum quantity of dangerous goods classified as compressed gases in a laboratory, including those cylinders "in use".

Justification - Explanation The Task Group on Use and Classification of Dangerous Goods:Laboratories (TG) considered that the hazards associated with the presence of cylinders of compressed gases in laboratories used for experiment, measurement, etc., were equivalent to the hazards associated with the storage of these cylinders.

In is understood that some quantities of dangerous goods are required to ensure the normal operation of the various experiments being conducted in laboratories. However, the TG concluded that the large majority of cylinders of compressed gases found in laboratories poses a serious threat to the safety of person and to the building. In several areas, those quantities were in excess of the normal necessary operation. The TG confirmed that the use, handling and storage of dangerous goods, including flammable and combustible liquids, in laboratories need to comply with the current provisions of Parts 3, 4 and 5 of Div. B of the NFC.

This meant that the maximum quantities defined in Table 3.2.7.1. of Div. B of the NFC should also apply to the quantities of dangerous goods used in laboratories, including the ones considered to be "in use".

To establish the limits defined by the proposed changes, the TG considered the limits defined in the NFPA 45, "Standard of Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals." This proposal restricts the maximum quantities permitted for flammable and oxidizing gases not in cabinet and toxic gases in a cabinet, based on suggestions to keep toxic gases in cabinets at all times. The proposal further restricts these quantities in buildings containing educational, assembly or Group B major occupancies. This measure is generally consistent with NFPA 45 standard limits for low hazard laboratories.

Cost implications The TG considered that some costs would be required to accomodate the lesser quantities of dangerous goods found in laboratories with the provision of additional storage cabinets. However, it is believed that those extra costs would be compensated with a better management of the quantities of cylinders of compressed gases and better storage practices in dedicated storage room. Th

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Enforcement implications A better understanding of the maximum quantities allowed in a laboratory as Code users are already familiar with Part 3 of Div. B of the NFC.

Who is affected Operators, building owners, regulators, designers.


[5.5.5.1.] 5.5.5.1. ([1] 3) [F02-OS1.2] [5.5.5.1.] 5.5.5.1. ([1] 3) [F02-OP1.2] [5.5.5.1.] 5.5.5.1. ([1] 3) no attributions [5.5.5.1.] 5.5.5.1. ([2] 1) [F02-OP1.2] [5.5.5.1.] 5.5.5.1. ([2] 1) [F02-OS1.2] [5.5.5.1.] 5.5.5.1. ([2] 1) ([b] b) [5.5.5.1.] 5.5.5.1. ([2] 1) ([a] a) -- (--) [F02-OS1.2] -- (--) [F02-OP1.2] -- (--) (c)

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Committee: Structural Design (2010-05.13.2), Housing and Small Buildings

Last modified: 2014-05-14

Page: 1/3

Proposed Change 737 Code Reference(s): NBC10 Div.B 4.1.5.14. Subject: Live Load Due to Use and Occupancy — Guard Loads and Effects Title: Maximum Picket Deflection Description: This proposed change is intended to introduce deflection limits for guard

pickets. EXISTING PROVISION

4.1.5.14. Loads on Guards

(See Appendix A.) 1) The minimum specified horizontal load applied inward or outward at the minimum required height of

every required guard shall be a) 3.0 kN/m for open viewing stands without fixed seats and for means of egress in grandstands,

stadia, bleachers and arenas, b) a concentrated load of 1.0 kN applied at any point for access ways to equipment platforms,

contiguous stairs and similar areas where the gathering of many people is improbable, and c) 0.75 kN/m or a concentrated load of 1.0 kN applied at any point, whichever governs for

locations other than those described in Clauses (a) and (b).

2) Individual elements within the guard, including solid panels and pickets, shall be designed for a load of 0.5 kN applied over an area of 100 mm by 100 mm located at any point in the element or elements so as to produce the most critical effect.

3) The loads required in Sentence (2) need not be considered to act simultaneously with the loads provided for in Sentences (1) and (4).

4) The minimum specified load applied vertically at the top of every required guard shall be 1.5 kN/m and need not be considered to act simultaneously with the horizontal load provided for in Sentence (1).

5) For loads on handrails, refer to Sentence 3.4.6.5.(12). A-4.1.5.14. and 4.1.5.15.(1) Design of Guards. In the design of guards, due consideration should be given to the durability of the members and their connections.

PROPOSED CHANGE [4.1.5.14.] 4.1.5.14. Loads on Guards

(See Appendix A.) [1] 1) The minimum specified horizontal load applied inward or outward at the minimum required height of

every required guard shall be [a] a) 3.0 kN/m for open viewing stands without fixed seats and for means of egress in grandstands,

stadia, bleachers and arenas, [b] b) a concentrated load of 1.0 kN applied at any point for access ways to equipment platforms,

contiguous stairs and similar areas where the gathering of many people is improbable, and [c] c) 0.75 kN/m or a concentrated load of 1.0 kN applied at any point, whichever governs for





Page: 2/3

[2] 2) Individual elements within the guard, including solid panels and pickets, shall be designed for a load of 0.5 kN applied over an area of 100 mm by 100 mm located at any point in the element or elements so as to produce the most critical effect.

[3] --) The maximum deflection of individual elements within a guard shall not exceed 1/360th of the length of the element when subject to a specified live load of 0.1 kN applied so as to produce the most critical effect.

[4] 3) The loads required in Sentence (2) need not be considered to act simultaneously with the loads provided for in Sentences (1) and (4).

[5] 4) The minimum specified load applied vertically at the top of every required guard shall be 1.5 kN/m and need not be considered to act simultaneously with the horizontal load provided for in Sentence (1).

[6] 5) For loads on handrails, refer to Sentence 3.4.6.5.(12). REVISED PROPOSED CHANGE FOLLOWING PUBLIC REVIEW 2013

[4.1.5.14.] 4.1.5.14. Loads on Guards

(See Appendix A.) [1] 1) The minimum specified horizontal load applied inward or outward at the minimum required height of

every required guard shall be [a] a) 3.0 kN/m for open viewing stands without fixed seats and for means of egress in grandstands,

stadia, bleachers and arenas, [b] b) a concentrated load of 1.0 kN applied at any point for access ways to equipment platforms,

contiguous stairs and similar areas where the gathering of many people is improbable, and [c] c) 0.75 kN/m or a concentrated load of 1.0 kN applied at any point, whichever governs for


[2] 2) Individual elements within the guard, including solid panels and pickets, shall be designed for a load of 0.5 kN applied over an area of 100 mm by 100 mm located at any point in the element or elements so as to produce the most critical effect.

[3] --) The maximum deflection of individual size of the opening between any two adjacent vertical elements within a guard shall not exceed 1/360th of the length of the element the limits required by Part 3 when each of these elements is subjected to a specified live load of 0.1 kN applied in opposite directions in the in-plane direction of the guard so as to produce the most critical effect.

[4] 3) The loads required in Sentence (2) need not be considered to act simultaneously with the loads provided for in Sentences (1) and (4).

[5] 4) The minimum specified load applied vertically at the top of every required guard shall be 1.5 kN/m and need not be considered to act simultaneously with the horizontal load provided for in Sentence (1).

[6] 5) For loads on handrails, refer to Sentence 3.4.6.5.(12). RATIONALE

Problem There currently are no deflection limits for elements within a guard such as pickets.

Justification - Explanation Set a deflection limit using a specified load that is readily testable during inspection.




Page: 3/3

Cost implications Possible increase in cost for guard elements.

Enforcement implications Additional enforcement requirement – is readily testable during inspection

Who is affected Building officials, consultants, contractors, manufacturers, building owners


[4.1.5.14.] 4.1.5.14. ([1] 1) [F20-OS2.1] [4.1.5.14.] 4.1.5.14. ([2] 2) [F20-OS2.1,OS2.4] [4.1.5.14.] -- ([3] --) [F22-OS2.4] [4.1.5.14.] 4.1.5.14. ([4] 3) no attributions [4.1.5.14.] 4.1.5.14. ([5] 4) [F20-OS2.1] [4.1.5.14.] 4.1.5.14. ([6] 5) no attributions

Proposed Change 879 - · PDF fileCanadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes 879 Committee:...

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Transcript of Proposed Change 879 - · PDF fileCanadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes 879 Committee:...