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In successful proposals, writers makepersuasive arguments

Artist rendition of Superconductingsupercollider [Brookhaven, 1976]

$1.7 billion project

Several states competing(Illinois had edge)

Congress to decide sitelocation

15

Success depends on the strength of your argument

Annual rainfall > 48 inches

More than 120 freezing days

High relief and mountains

Coastal sedimentation

High seismic hazard

Limits of glaciation

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Success depends on the strength of your argument

Annual rainfall > 48 inches

More than 120 freezing days

High relief and mountains

Coastal sedimentation

High seismic hazard

Limits of glaciation

Success depends on the strength of your argument

Annual rainfall > 48 inches

More than 120 freezing days

High relief and mountains

Coastal sedimentation

High seismic hazard

Limits of glaciation

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Success depends on the strength of your argument

Annual rainfall > 48 inches

More than 120 freezing days

High relief and mountains

Coastal sedimentation

High seismic hazard

Limits of glaciation

In successful proposals, writers makepersuasive arguments

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pathos

appeal toemotion

appeal tospeakers credibility

ethos

appeal tologic

logos

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Logos is an appeal to logic

Statistics Reducing the temperature on a gas turbine blade from 1140K to1090K increases the blades life from 560 hours to 3900 hours [1]

Referenced Combustion gases in a gas turbine reach temperatures morefacts than 500C hotter than the melting temperature of the steel [2]

Examples On June 9-10, 1972, flash floods in Rapid City,South Dakota, killed 237 people.

Deductivereasoning

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Toulmin says audiences are more likely to believean argument if they know the claims and warrants

[Marthinsen, 2004]

The research question is whether the dunlins of

Iceland and the Baltic Sea are different subspecies

If so, because the population of the Baltic dunlins is declining,

it may be a threatened subspecies

http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/polar.html

Lars Erik Johannessen

Claim:assertion

Warrant:assumption

22 [Thole, 2004]

Our goal is to test a fillet design for turbine bladesand vanes downstream of the combustor

The purpose of the fillet design is to reduce vortices

that disrupt the film cooling of the blades and vanes

[Pratt&Whitney, 2000]

Combustor

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Name your referencesources

Ethos is an appeal to the credibility of the speaker

How to establish

credibility?

Associate yourselfwith an institution

Methodically give details,including assumptions

In a presentation, speak(not read) to the audience

John Chambers23

Pathos is an emotional appeal to the audience

Assertion Evidence Emotion

Increase funding Terrorism against World Tradefor airport security Center and the Pentagon

Ban nuclear power Description of Chernobyl victims

Save the wolf Image of wolves in the wild Sympathy

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FearAnger

FearSympathy

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In successful proposals, writers use examplesto anchor abstract generalities

By the late Middle Ages, cities throughoutEurope were building Gothic cathedrals. Theonly way, however, that architects could test anew design was to build the cathedral, aprocess that took more than forty years.Unfortunately, many cathedrals caved in duringor after construction. What took forty years totest in the Middle Ages could have been done inminutes on a supercomputer.

William Wilson

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Another successful strategy for writing proposalsis to create a graphic that shows the plan

Assessmentof retention

Same message deliveredwith new slide design

Students: Spring 2003

Message delivered withtypical slide design

Assessmentof retention

Diamonds in Australia

During 1980s, became worlds largest producer of diamonds

First discovery in 1851, but major kimberlitesnot discovereduntil 1976 in western Australia.

Largest pipe: Argyle mine, 60% control by Rio Tinto(British Co.).

Single largest mine in world, produces 34 million carats ayear. Most are small (average 0.08 carat), only 5% of gemquality. Unique feature: has small but consistent number of

pink, red, and purple diamonds, very rare.

Opted out of CSO, marketing in competition with DeBeers

During 1980s, Australia became the worldslargest producer of diamonds

In 1976, major kimberlites werefound in western Australia

Map of Australian diamond occurrences

in competition with DeBeers

small but consistent numberofpink, red, and purple diamonds

single largest mine in world,

producing 34 million carats a year

Largest pipe is Argyle mine:

Cratonicregions

Same Instructor

Students: Fall 2004

Same Instructor

[Alley, Schreiber, and Muffo, 2005]

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In summary, although proposals are challengingto write, the rewards can be well worth the effort

Questions?

27

Need

Plan