Properties of Atoms & the Periodic Table I. Structure of the Atom + -an _ is the ...

Properties of Atoms & the Periodic Table

I. Structure of the Atom

+

-an _____ is the ________ ____ of an _______, and is made up of its _______, which contains _______ ___ of an ______ _____ and ______ but ________ _____ of an ______ ______, and its _______ _____, which contains _______ ___ of an ______ _______ but _______ _____ of an ______ _____ or _______

atom smallest unit elementnucleus

nucleus

virtually all atom’s massweight virtually none atom’svolume electron cloudvirtually all atom’s volumevirtually none atom’s mass weight

electroncloud

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Niels Bohr, (1885-1962)

-the _________ ________ ______ of _______ ________ most closely resembles _____ ______ ______, except _________ _______ that ________ ______ in _____ of __________ instead of _____ ______

currently accepted model atomicstructure Niels Bohr’smodel scientists theorizeelectrons travel areas probability

fixed orbits

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Niels_Bohr.jpg



Carbon

C6

12.011 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++



Carbon

C6

12.011 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

- -

1s

2s



Carbon

C6

12.011 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

-



Carbon

C6

12.011 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

- -



Oxygen

O8

15.999 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++



Oxygen

O8

15.999 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++

- -

1s

2s



Oxygen

O8

15.999 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++ -

-- -

1s

2s

2px

-



Oxygen

O8

15.999 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++ -

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--



Oxygen

O8

15.999 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++ -

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

---



Sodium

Na11

22.990 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++

++

+



Sodium

Na11

22.990 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++

++

+ - -

1s

2s



Sodium

Na11

22.990 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++

++

+

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

-



Sodium

Na11

22.990 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++

++

+

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

- -



Sodium

Na11

22.990 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++

++

+

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

---



Sodium

Na11

22.990 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +++

+++

++

++

+

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-



Potassium

K19

39.098 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +19

20

K -Potassium = Kalium

Au -Gold = Aurum

Pb -Lead = Plumbum

Ag -Silver = Argentum

Sn -Tin = Stannum

Sb -Antimony = Stibnum

Fe -Iron = Ferrum

W -Tungsten = Wolfram


Na -Sodium = Natrium

Cu -Copper = Cuprum



Potassium

K19

39.098 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +19

20


Au -Gold = Aurum

Pb -Lead = Plumbum


Sn -Tin = Stannum


Fe -Iron = Ferrum




Cu -Copper = Cuprum

- -

1s

2s



Potassium

K19

39.098 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +19

20


Au -Gold = Aurum

Pb -Lead = Plumbum


Sn -Tin = Stannum


Fe -Iron = Ferrum




Cu -Copper = Cuprum

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

-



Potassium

K19

39.098 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +19

20


Au -Gold = Aurum

Pb -Lead = Plumbum


Sn -Tin = Stannum


Fe -Iron = Ferrum




Cu -Copper = Cuprum

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

- -



Potassium

K19

39.098 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +19

20


Au -Gold = Aurum

Pb -Lead = Plumbum


Sn -Tin = Stannum


Fe -Iron = Ferrum




Cu -Copper = Cuprum

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-



Potassium

K19

39.098 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +19

20


Au -Gold = Aurum

Pb -Lead = Plumbum


Sn -Tin = Stannum


Fe -Iron = Ferrum




Cu -Copper = Cuprum

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--



Potassium

K19

39.098 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +19

20


Au -Gold = Aurum

Pb -Lead = Plumbum


Sn -Tin = Stannum


Fe -Iron = Ferrum




Cu -Copper = Cuprum

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--

4s

-



Iron

Fe26

55.845 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +26

30



Iron

Fe26

55.845 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +26

30 - -

1s

2s



Iron

Fe26

55.845 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +26

30

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

-



Iron

Fe26

55.845 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +26

30

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

- -



Iron

Fe26

55.845 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +26

30

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-



Iron

Fe26

55.845 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +26

30

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--



Iron

Fe26

55.845 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +26

30

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--

4s

-

--

--



Iron

Fe26

55.845 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+ +26

30

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--

4s

-

-

d orbital

3dxy

3dxy 3dxz

3dxz

--

---

3dyz

3dyz

3dx2-y2

3dx2-y2

3dz2

3dz2

---



Boron

B5

10.811 Atomic Mass

Name

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+5

6

-the ______ _____ is made up of a _______ of ___ _______, the _____ of which have ____ ______, (which makes them all ______ _____), but ____ in the ______ of ________

Atomic No.

elementBoron mixturetwo isotopes atoms fiveprotons Boronatoms vary number neutrons

A. Calculating Average Atomic Mass

Of all the Boron atoms on Earth, 81.17% are Boron-11, and 18.83% areBoron-10. What is the average atomic mass of Boron?

0.8117(11.0128 amu) + 0.1883(10.016 amu) = 10.82 amu



Boron

B5

10.811 Atomic Mass

Name

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+


Atomic No.



- -

1s

2s+5

6


0.801(11.009 amu) + 0.199(10.013 amu) = 10.81 amu



Boron

B5

10.811 Atomic Mass

Name

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+


Atomic No.



+5

6

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

-


0.801(11.009 amu) + 0.199(10.013 amu) = 10.81 amu



Boron

B5

10.811 Atomic Mass

Name

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

Atomic No.


Of all the Lithium atoms on Earth, 92.6% are Lithium-7, and 7.40% are Lithium-6. What is the average atomic mass of Lithium?

0.926 (7.018 amu) + 0.0740(6.0169 amu) = 6.94 amu

+5

6



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81 - -

1s

2s

Orbital Notation

Ba1s



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

-

Orbital Notation

Ba1s 2s

2p



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81

Orbital Notation

Ba1s 2s

2p

-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

-2py

2pz

--



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81

Orbital Notation

Ba1s 2s

2p

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

-2py

2pz

---

---

3s

-

3px

3p

-

3py

-

3pz

--

--

4s

4s

-

-



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81

Orbital Notation

Ba1s 2s

2p3s

3p4s

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--

4s

-

-3dxy

3dxz

--

-- -

3dyz3dx2-y2

3dz2

---

3d



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81

Orbital Notation

Ba1s 2s

2p3s

3p4s

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--

4s

-

-3dxy

3dxz

--

-- -

3dyz3dx2-y2

3dz2

---

3d

-

-

- --



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81

Orbital Notation

Ba1s 2s

2p3s

3p4s

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--

4s

-

-3dxy

3dxz

--

-- -

3dyz3dx2-y2

3dz2

---

3d

-

-

- --

4p

4px

-

4py

-4pz

--

-

-



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81

Orbital Notation

Ba1s 2s

2p3s

3p4s

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--

4s

-

-3dxy

3dxz

--

-- -

3dyz3dx2-y2

3dz2

---

3d

-

-

- --

4p

4px

-

4py

-4pz

--

-

-

5s

5s

--

4dxy

4d

-

4dxz

-

4dyz

-

4dx2-y2

-

4dz2

--

-

--

-



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81

Orbital Notation

Ba1s 2s

2p3s

3p4s

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--

4s

-

-3dxy

3dxz

--

-- -

3dyz3dx2-y2

3dz2

---

3d

-

-

- --

4p

4px

-

4py

-4pz

--

-

-

5s

5s

--

4dxy

4d

-

4dxz

-

4dyz

-

4dx2-y2

-

4dz2

--

-

--

-

5px

5p

-

5py

-

5px--

-

-



B. Orbital Notation

Barium

Ba56

137.327 Atomic Mass

Atomic NumberName

Symbol

proton

neutron

electron-

+

+56

81

Orbital Notation

Ba1s 2s

2p3s

3p4s

3s-

-- -

1s

2s

2px

- 2py

2pz

--- --

-

-

-

3px

3py3pz

--

4s

-

-3dxy

3dxz

--

-- -

3dyz3dx2-y2

3dz2

---

3d

-

-

- --

4p

4px

-

4py

-4pz

--

-

-

5s

5s

--

4dxy

4d

-

4dxz

-

4dyz

-

4dx2-y2

-

4dz2

--

-

--

-

5px

5p

-

5py

-

5px--

-

-

6s

6s

-

-

Draw orbital notations for the following:

N1s 2s

2p

O

Draw electron configurations for the following:

Draw electron-dot (Lewis-Dot)structures for the following:

N 1s2 2s2 2p3 N

O1s 2s

2p

O 1s2 2s2 2p4

Si Si1s 2s

2p

Si 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p2

S S1s 2s

2p

S 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p4

K

K1s 2s

2p

K 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s1

4s




Bh Bh1s 2s

2p

Bh 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

3d

3d10

4p5s

4d

4p6 5s2 4d10

5p

5p6

6s

6s2

5d 4f

4f14 5d10

6p7s

6p6 7s2

6d 5f

5f14 6d5



C. Orbital Notation, Electron Configuration and Electron-Dot Configuration

Mo Mo1s 2s

2p

Mo 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s




3d

3d10

4p5s

4d

4p6 5s2 4d4

Al Al1s 2s

2p

Al 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p1




Eu Eu1s 2s

2p

Eu 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

3d

3d10

4p5s

4d

4p6 5s2 4d10

5p

5p6

6s

6s2

5d 4f

4f6 5d1

Ni Ni1s 2s

2p

Ni 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

3d

3d8




Ca Ca1s 2s

2p

Ca 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

Pu Pu1s 2s

2p

Pu 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

3d

3d10

4p5s

4d

4p6 5s2 4d10

5p

5p6

6s

6s2

5d 4f

4f14 5d10

6p7s

6p6 7s2

6d 5f

5f56d1




V V1s 2s

2p

V 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

3d

3d3

F F1s 2s

2p

F 1s2 2s2 2p5

I I1s 2s

2p

I 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

3d

3d10

4p5s

4d

4p6 5s2 4d105p 5p5




Be1s 2s

Be 1s2 2s2 Be

Cs Cs1s 2s

2p

Cs 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

3d

3d10

4p5s

4d

4p6 5s2 4d105p

5p6

6s

6s1

Se Se1s 2s

2p

Se 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

3d

3d10

4p

4p4




Lu Lu1s 2s

2p

Lu 1s2 2s2 2p6

3s

3s2

3p

3p6 4s2

4s

3d

3d10

4p5s

4d

4p6 5s2 4d10

5p

5p6

6s

6s2

5d 4f

4f14 5d1

Properties of Atoms & the Periodic Table I. Structure of the Atom + -an _ is the ...

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Transcript of Properties of Atoms & the Periodic Table I. Structure of the Atom + -an _ is the ...

Properties of Atoms & the Periodic Table I. Structure of the Atom + -an _____ is the ________ ____...

Documents

Transcript of Properties of Atoms & the Periodic Table I. Structure of the Atom + -an _____ is the ________ ____...

Properties of Atoms & the Periodic Table I. Structure of the Atom + -an _ is the ...

Transcript of Properties of Atoms & the Periodic Table I. Structure of the Atom + -an _ is the ...