PropagandaThe meaning and usage in

George Orwell’s Animal Farm

What is Propaganda?

• Propaganda is generally an appeal to emotion, not intellect.

• It shares techniques with advertising and public relations, each of which can be thought of as propaganda that promotes a commercial product or shapes the perception of an organization, person, or brand.

• Post World War II usage the word "propaganda" more typically refers to political or nationalist uses of these techniques or to the promotion of a set of ideas.

Techniques of Propaganda

• Common media for getting across to people the propaganda messages include

• news reports • government reports • historical revision books • leaflets • movies, radio, television• Emails and blogs.

Types of Propaganda

Ad hominem:

Attacking the opponent personally instead of their ideas

Types of Propaganda

• Ad nauseam

tireless repetition of an idea; slogan

Types of Propaganda

• Appeal to Authority

Shows important people to support a position, idea, argument, or course of action.

Types of Propaganda

• Appeal to fear

Types of Propaganda

• Appeal to Prejudice

Based on race, ethnicity, social-class

Types of Propaganda

Bandwagon:

This technique reinforces people's natural desire to be on the winning side. This technique is used to convince the audience that a program is an expression of an irresistible mass movement and that it is in their best interest to join.

Types of Propaganda

• Common man

The "'plain folks'" or "common man" approach attempts to convince the audience that the propagandist's positions reflect the common sense of the people.

Propaganda used in Animal Farm

• Old Major’s original speech (pg.3-8)• Mystery of the milk (pg.16, 22-23)• The apples for the pigs (pg.23)• The military decorations given (pg.28-29)• The debate over the windmill (pg.33-34)• Squealer talking to the animals about Napoleon

seizing control of the farm (pg.36-37)• Squealer explaining the idea of the windmill

being Napoleon’s idea. (pg.38)

Propaganda used in Animal Farm

• The sheep repeating “Four legs good, two legs bad” throughout the 2nd half of the novel.

• Animal Farm trading with humans (pg.42)• The pigs moving into the farmhouse (pg.44)• Blaming Snowball for the ills of the farm

(pg.46,51-53,59)• Ending the song of “Beasts of England” (pg.54)• Napoleon conferring a medal upon himself

(pg.68)• Boxer being taken by the knacker (pg.81)

Examples of Propaganda