PROLOGUE M DV. Vocabulary Observation: to use the senses to gather information Inference: to make a...
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Transcript of PROLOGUE M DV. Vocabulary Observation: to use the senses to gather information Inference: to make a...
PROLOGUE
M
D V
Vocabulary Observation: to use the senses
to gather information Inference: to make a conclusion
based on observations, and previous knowledge
Instrument: a device used to help make observations
Vocabulary Classification: to group items
with similar characteristics Length:distance between two
points Mass: amount of matter in the
object Time: the duration of an event Volume: the amount of space
that an object occupies
Vocabulary Density:ratio of the mass of an
object to its volume Cyclic change: a change in the
environment that repeats itself with a reference to time and space
Prediction:an inference about the future
Dynamic Equilibrium: a balancing between two opposite forces
Vocabulary Interface:a boundary between
regions with different properties Percent deviation: aka Percent
error, how much a measurement is from a standard
Rate of change: How much something changes over time
A. Evidence and Facts
1. Observations: 1. The use of your Senses.
A. Evidence and Facts
a. Your senses are: __________, _______, __________, _______, __________.
A. Evidence and Facts
a. Your senses are:
TouchSmell
Sight
Hearing
Taste
A. Evidence and Facts
b. Instruments help us to make
observations examples are:
Ruler, Scale , Timer.
A. Evidence and Facts
2. Inferences are interpretation
or a conclusion based on
what can be Observed.
A. Evidence and Facts
a. They may or may not be a FACT
b. Also known as a hypothesis
A. Evidence and Facts
3. System of Classification
a. Based on properties Observed,
events or objects.
b. Group together similar objects to
make studying easier.
B. Properties of Objects
1. Units of Measurementa. Contain a dimensional
quantity that describe them numerically
B. Properties of Objects
1. Units of Measurement
a. Contain a dimensional quantity
that describe them
numerically
1. include: Time, Mass, Length.
B. Properties of Objects
a. Mass:
Amount of matter (grams)
B. Properties of Objects
b. Weight:
Pull of gravity on an object
B. Properties of Objects
c. Length:
Distance between two points.
B. Properties of Objectsd. Time:
Measurable period
1. Not definite: age, seconds, seasons, schedules, generation
Dimensional quantities and Comparisons
a. Densityb. Pressurec. Volume
Dimensional quantities and Comparisons
a. Density:
Measurement using massmass and volumevolume
Density PyramidDensity Pyramid
D V
M
Density of the Rubik’s Density of the Rubik’s CubeCube
What happens to the density of the Rubik’s cube when it’s broken
into smaller pieces?
Density of the Rubik’s Density of the Rubik’s CubeCube
Has it’s massmass changed?NOHas it’s volumevolume changed?NOTherefore, has it’s densitydensity
changed?NO!
Dimensional quantities and Comparisons
b. Pressure:
Force on an object compared to surface area.
Dimensional quantities and Comparisons
c. Volume: Amount of space
occupiedExpressed in cm3 or
mlV = l x w x h
ERROR
ALL MEASUREMENTS ARE NOTNOT EXACT!
Graphing
Rules to succeed
Axis
Each axis is labeled X or Y Y
X
The Y axis is vertical
The X axis is horizontal
Axis
Each axis is labeled with a titleY
X
title
title
Reading Graphs
Y
X
Age
Years
When reading a graph you say the X axis title first and the Y axis second
Reading Graphs
When reading this you say..Y
X
As X goes up Y goes up
Reading Graphs
Relationship typesY
X
This is called a direct relationship
Monkey see
Monkey do
Reading Graphs
When reading this graph you say…Y
X
When X goes up Y goes down
Reading Graphs
Relationship typesY
X
This pattern is called an inverse
or indirect relationship
Reading Graphs
Relationship typesY
X
One goes up the other goes down “opposites”
Reading Graphs
How do you read this graph?…Y
X
Mon
ey in
yo
ur p
ocke
t
Number of Stores you go into
Reading Graphs
How do you read this graph?…Y
XGra
de in
cla
ss
Days of missed class
Reading Graphs
How do you read this graph?…Y
X
Tim
e yo
u’re
gro
unde
d fo
r
Number of Times you mouth off to your parents
Reading Graphs
How do you read this graph?…Y
X
Gra
de in
cla
ss
Time spent studying
Graphs
A pattern that repeats is called a Cyclic pattern… it looks like this… Y
X
Graphs
What types of things have a cyclic pattern?
Y
X
Observation Inference Quiz
1. I had coffee this morning. 2. I am wearing a black shirt. 3. Mr. White will be absent
Monday. 4. It is a D day. 5. Apples are my favorite
fruit.
6. There is a lava lamp in this room.
7. Ms. Turose will wear a blue sweater on Tuesday.
8. It was cold out this morning. 9. Everyone ate breakfast 10. I have a twisty cheese stick
in my lunch bag.