Project Occupational Safety High Academy Eng
Transcript of Project Occupational Safety High Academy Eng
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Project Occupational Safety High Academy
Eng.103
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Unit One
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(A): Listen to the following conversation and practice:
Ahmed: Hello, I am Ahmed Al-ghamdi. I'm a new student here.
Omer: Hi, I’m Omer Al-Harbi.
Omer: OK, Where are you from, Ahmed?
Ahmed: I am from Asharqia, Al-hafof. How about you?
Omer: I am from Abha.
Ahmed: Oh! Really? I love Abha. It’s really beautiful.
Omer: Thanks .So Al-hafof.
Ahmed: Oh, good Saud is here.
Omer: Who is Saud?
Unit One
Lesson (1): At the University:
Where are you from?
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Ahmed: He's my classmate. We are in the same English class.
Omer: Where is he from?
Ahmed: He is from Jeddah. Let us go and say hello.
Omer: OK. That is great.
Answer these questions:
1-Where is Ahmed from?_He from __ Asharqia __________________.
2-Where is Omer from_______________________________________.
3-Does Ahmed love Abha?_Yes , he
does___________________________________.
4-Who is Saud?_____________________________________________.
Where is he from?___________________________________________.
(B)What is Jeddah like?
Listen to the following conversation and practice:
Ahmed: Saud, this is Omer Al-Harbi. He is a new student here.
Saud: Hi, Omer Al-harbi. It is nice to meet you. I am Saud Al-qhtani.
Omer: So, you are from Jeddah?
Saud: That is right?
Omer: What is Jeddah like?
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Saud: It is really nice .It is big and very nice.
(D): Grammar: Sentences with (be), possessive adjectives:
Sentences with (be) Contractions of (be) Possessive adjectives
I am from Abha. I am = I'm My
You are from Jeddah You are = You're Your
We are in the same class. We are = We're Our
They are my classmates They are = They're Their
He is from Riyadh He is = He's His
She is a new student. She is = She's Her
It is a beautiful city. It is = It's Its
Complete these sentences:
1-My name is Naif.I am from Taif.My _______family is in Taif city. My
brother is ______ a student.His ___________ name is Bander.
2- My______ name is Norah. I'm 23 years old.My______sister is
______ student here, too.My______ parents are in Makah right now.
3-I'm Abdul-Aziz, but everyone calls me Zizo.My______ last name is
Al-shammari.I am_________ a student at King Abdul-Aziz University.
My parents are __________ on vacation this
weekend.They’re_________ in Ar'ar.
Exercise
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(A): Listen to the following conversation and practice:
Abdullah: So do you usually come to the gym in the mooring?
Majid: Yes, I do.
Abdullah: Really? What time do you go to work?
Majid: I work in the afternoon .I start work at four o'clock.
Abdullah: Wow that is late. When do you get home at night?
Majid: I usually get home at midnight.
Abdullah: Midnight? That is late .What do you do exactly?
Lesson (2): At the gym
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Majid: I am a TV announcer.
Abdullah: Oh, that is a nice job.
(B): Time Expressions:
I get up At 6:00 in the morning on weekdays
I go to bed Around ten in the evening on weeknights
I leave work early in the afternoon on weekends
I get home late at night on Fridays
I stay up late until midnight on Saturdays
I wake up Before / after noon on Sundays
(C): Complete these sentences with time expressions:
on in at late / until before / after
1-I get up _________ five _______ the morning _______ weekdays.
2-I go to bed _________ midnight _______ weeknights.
3-I start work _________ 11:30 _______ night.
4-I have lunch _________ one _______ the afternoon_______ Fridays.
5-I stay up _________ 1:00A.M. _______ weekends.
6-I have a little snack _________ 8:00_______ the evening.
7-I sleep _________ noon _______ Saturdays.
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(A): Scan the profiles. Who is in high school? Who is in college?
Who is in a new parent?
John Peter Rosa James Julian Hans
I am 17 now, and I don't
get an allowance from
my parents anymore .I
need to earn some money
because I like to go out
on the weekend with my
friends .I go to school
every day from 8:00
A.M to 3:00 P.M. My
father owns a restaurant,
I don't have time to
work, but I need a job
because college is very
expensive .I study art. I
have class all day
Monday, Wednesday,
and Friday, and on
Tuesday and Thursday
mornings. I usually
study on weekends .I
My husband and I have a
new baby. He makes a good
salary, but we don't save
very much money. We want
to save some money to buy a
house .I take care of the
baby, so I need a job I can
do at home .I know how to
type ,and I have a computer.
Lesson (3): Why do you need a job?
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so I know about
restaurant work.
don't have any
experience, but I can
learn quickly.
(B): Read the article .Why do these people need jobs. Check (√) in
the correct boxes.
The Sentence John Peter Rosa James Julian Hans
1. To save money.
2. To earn money for
college.
3. To gout on the weekend.
4. To buy a house.
(C): Conversation: How much is it?
Listen to the teacher and practice:
Ahmed: Oh, look at those sunglasses Khalid. They are perfect for you.
Khalid: Those blue ones? I'm not sure.
Ahmed: No, the black ones.
Khalid: Oh, these? Hmm. black isn't really a good colour for me.
Ahmed: Well, that watch is good.
Khalid: Which one?
Ahmed: That blue right there. How much is it?
Khalid: It is 150SR.That is expensive!
Ahmed: Hey, let me get it for you. It is your birthday present.
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Khalid: Thank you very much.
(D): Grammar: Demonstratives; One, Ones:
How much is this / that watch?
Which one? This / That one?
It is 150 SR.
How much are these / those
sunglasses?
Which ones? These / Those ones?
They are 75 SR.
(E): Complete the conversations:
(1): A: Excuse me, how much are__________ jeans?
B: Which __________? Do you mean the ________________?
A: No, the light blue ______________.
B: Oh, _________ are 79.99SR.
A: Almost 80SR! Are you kidding?
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(A): Listen to the following conversation and practice:
Naif: I have tickets to the soccer match on Friday.Would you like to go?
Majid: Thanks. I’d love to. What time does it start?
Naif: At eight o’clock.
Majid: That sounds great. So, do you want to dinner at six?
Naif: Uh, I’d like to, but I have to work late.
Majid: Oh, that is OK. Let us just meet at the stadium before the match.
Naif: OK. Let’s meet at the gate.
Majid: That sounds fine. See you there.
Lesson (4): An invitation
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(B): Grammar focus:
Would have; verb + to + verb:
Examples:
1-Would you like to go out on Friday?
Yes, I would.
Yes, I would love to. Thanks.
Yes, I would really like to go.
2-Would you like to go to a soccer match?
I’d like to, but I have to work late.
I’d like to, but I need to save some money.
I’d like to, but I want to visit my parents.
(C): Response to three invitations. Then write three invitations for
the given responses.
1-A: I have tickets to the Zoo on Friday. Would you like to go?
B: ______________________________________________________
A: Would you like to come over and have lunch with me?
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B: ______________________________________________________
A: Would you like to go to the Park with me this evening?
B: _____________________________________________________
2-A: ______________________________________________________
B: Yes, I’d love to. Thank you.
A: _____________________________________________________
B: Well, I’d like to, but I have to revise my lessons.
A: _____________________________________________________
B: Yes, thank you. I’d really like to visit it.
Read the following Passage:
Amin looked at his new watch, a present from his uncle. Only a quarter
of an hour to go .It was the first time for Amin to travel by train. He was
Lesson (5): On the Dammam Train
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on his way to Dammam in the East to visit his sister. He planned to
spend his school holiday with her. Three weeks earlier he had got a letter
from his sister. He took it out of his pocket when the train started to
move. It began:
Dear Amin,
On arrival at Dammam train station, take your suitcase and leave the
train. Go out of the station. On your left you’ll see a sign “No parking”.
Just stay there and we’ll come and pick you up. We look forward to
seeing you.
Yours sincerely,
Norah.
(A): Make true (T) or false (F):
1. Amin has got something new. ( )
2. He didn’t use the watch. ( )
3. He has travelled by train before. .( )
4. Dammam is in the East. .( )
5. Amin planned to spend a year in Dammam. ( )
(B): Make sentences like this using the verbs between brackets.
1- Take your suitcase and leave the train. (Take - leave)
2- ______________ pencil _____________ a letter (get – write)
3- ______________ hands ___________.your food (wash – eat)
4- ___________the door ___________left or right (open – look)
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5- ____________book __________ the new lesson (take – find)
(C): Look at the picture of the train:
This is the train that took Amin to Dammam
Put the following words in the correct places in order to describe the
train.
Diesel – rails – passengers – long – carriages
1-It’s rather ________________________________________________.
2-It uses __________________________________________________.
3-It carries ________________________________________________.
4-It runs on ________________________________________________.
5-It has many ______________________________________________.
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(A): Listen and practice.
Abdullah: Hi, Ali. How was your vacation?
Ali: It was great! I went to Hawaii with my cousin.
Abdullah: You are Lucky. How long were you there?
Ali: About a month.
Abdullah: Fantastic! Was the weather OK?
Ali: Not really .It was cloudy most of the time .But we went surfing
everyday. The waves were amazing.
Abdullah: So, what was the best thing about the trip?
Ali: Well, something incredible happened. You will not believe it.
Lesson (6): How was your vacation?
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)B):Answer these questions:
1-How was Abdullah’s vocation?_______________________________
2-Where did he go?__________________________________________
3-With whom did he go there?__________________________________
4-How long did they spend there?_______________________________
5-What was the weather like?__________________________________
6-Did he go surfing? _________________________________________
(C): Grammar focus: Past of (verb to be):
The Sentence The answer Contractions
Were you in Hawaii? Yes, I was.
Was the weather OK? No, it wasn’t. Wasn’t = was not
Were they on
vacation?
Yes, they were.
Were your parents
there?
No, they weren’t Weren’t = were not
How was your
vacation?
I was excellent.
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(D): Complete the following conversations:
(1): A: How long _______ your parents in Europe?
B: They _________ there for two weeks.
(A): __________ there in London the whole time?
(B): No, they ___________ .They also went to Paris.
(2): A: _______ you in Los Angeles last weekend?
B: No, I _________ .I______________ in San Francisco.
(A): How __________ it?
(B): It ___________ great! But it _________ foggy and
(3): A: _______ you away last week?
B: Yes, I _________ in Istanbul.
(A): Really? How long __________ you there?
(B): For almost a week. I ___________ there on business.
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(A): 1-Hair:
Long brown hair Short blond hair Straight black hair
curly red hair bald A moustache and beard
2-Age
Young Middle aged elderly
Handsome Good looking Pretty
Lesson (7): Describing People (1)
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3-Height
Short Fairly short Medium height
Pretty tall Very tall
(B): Choose three expressions to describe yourself and your partner.
Then compare.
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(C): Conversation .Listen to Ali and Omer ,then practice.
Ali: I hear you have a new friend, Omer.
Omer: Yes. His name is Ahmed, he is splendid!
Ali: Really? What does he look like?
Omer: Well, he is very tall.
Ali: How tall?
Omer: About six feet, I suppose.
Ali: Wow, that is tall .What colour is his hair?
Omer: He has black hair.
Ali: And how old is he?
Omer: I don’t know. He won’t tell me.
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(D): Grammar focus: Describing people:
General
appearance
Age Height Hair
What does he
look like? He is tall with
black hair.
He is splendid. Does he wear
glasses?
Yes, and he has a beard.
How old is he?
He is about 22. He is in his
twenties.
How tall is she?
She is one meter.
How long is her hair?
It is medium length. What colour is her
hair?
It is dark.
(E): Write questions for the following answers:
The question The answer
My sister is 23 years old.
I am 178 cm.
Majid has black hair.
He is tall and very good looking.
My sister’s hair is medium length.
I have dark brown eyes.
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(A): Adjectives: Match each adjective with its opposite:
(A) (B)
Beautiful ( ) 1-Boring
Cheap ( ) 2-crowded
Clean ( ) 3-dangerous
Interesting ( ) 4-expensive
Quiet ( ) 5-noisy
Relaxing ( ) 6-polluted
Safe ( ) 7-stressful
Spacious ( ) 8-ugly
(B): Conversation: It is a fairly big city.
AL-Wajh City
Nasir: So where are you from Turkey?
Turkey: Iam from Al Wajh.
Lesson (8): Describing People (2)
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Nasir: Wow, I’ve heard that is a really nice city.
Turkey: Yeah, it is.The weather is great, and there are some fantastic
beaches just out the city.
Nasir: Is it expensive there?
Turkey: No, it’s not very expensive .Prices are pretty reasonable.
Nasir: How big is the city?
Turkey: It’s a fairly big city.
Nasir: It sounds perfect to me. Maybe I should plan a trip there
sometime.
(C): Grammar focus: (1) Adverbs before adjectives:
Adverbs before adjectives Adverbs
Al Wajh is really nice. It’s a really nice
city.
extremely
It’s fairly big city. It’s a fairly big city. very
It’s not very expensive It’s not a very
expensive place.
really
It is not too noisy and it is not too
crowded for me.
pretty
fairly
somewhat
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(2)Conjunctions
It is an exciting city, and the weather is fine.
It is a big city, but it is not too big.
It is a big city .It is not too big, though.
It is a big city .It is not too big, however.
Choose the correct conjunctions and rewrite the sentences:
1-Maddinah is very nice. Everyone is extremely friendly. (and / but)
__________________________________________________________
2-The streets are crowded. It is easy to get a round. (and / though)
__________________________________________________________
3-The weather is nice. Summers get pretty hot. (and / however)
__________________________________________________________
4-Shopping is great. You have to bargain in the markets. (and / but)
__________________________________________________________
5-The food is delicious. It is not too expensive. (and / though)
__________________________________________________________
6-It is a mazing city. I love to go there. (and / however)
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__________________________________________________________
Unit Two
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Mexico City
(A): Listen to the following conversation and practice:
Rakan: Can you tell me a little about Mexico City, Peter?
Peter: Sure I can .What would you like to know about it?
Rakan: Well, what’s a good time to visit?
Peter: I think you can go anytime .The weather is always nice.
Rakan: Oh, good! And what should I see there?
Peter: Well, you should definitely visit the National Museum and go to
the Palace of fine Arts.
Rakan: And what else?
Peter: Oh, you should miss the Pyramids of the Sun. It’s very
interesting.
Unit Two
Lesson (1): What should I see there?
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Rakan: It is all sounds really interesting.
(B): Grammar focus: Modal verbs (can) and (should):
The modal verbs include can, must, may, might, will, would, should.
They are used with other verbs to express ability, obligation, possibility,
and so on.
We use can to express ability: I can speak English.
We use should to give advice: You should stop smoking.
Can Should
What can I do in Mexico?
1-You can see the Palace of Arts.
2-You can’t visit some Museums on
Sundays.
What should I see in Mexico?
1-You should visit the National
Museum.
2-You shouldn’t miss the Pyramid of
the Sun.
Choose the correct answer:
1. She looks pretty sick. I think she ( can / should) go to a doctor.
2. You (can’t / shouldn’t) smoke so much. It's bad for your health.
3-Hey I'm lost. (Can / Should) you help me?
4-You have such a beautiful voice. You (should / can) sing for us!
5- I know he speaks five languages, but (can /should) he speak Arabic?
6-I (can’t / shouldn’t) believe that you failed your test!
7-I'm on my way. I (can / should) be there in about 10 minutes.
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8-You (can / should) drink a lot of water because it is good for your health.
(A): Listen to the teacher and repeat:
insomnia The flu A cough A cold
A headache A backache Sore muscles stomachache
(B): listen to the following conversation and practice:
Ahmed: Hi, Nader. How are you?
Nader: Not so good. I have a terrible cold
Ahmed: Really? That is too bad! You should be at home in bed. It is
really important to get a lot of rest.
Nader: Yeah. You’re right.
Ahmed: And have you taken anything for it?
Lesson (2): Common Health
Complaints
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Nader: No, I haven’t.
Ahmed: Well, it is sometimes helpful to eat garlic soup. Just chop up
a whole head of garlic and cook it. Try it! It really works!
Nader: Yuck! That sound awful!
(C): Grammar Focus: Infinitive complements:
What should you do for a cold?
It is important to get a lot of rest.
It is sometimes helpful to eat garlic soup.
It is a good idea to take some vitamin C.
(D): Look at these health problems .Choose several pieces of good
advice for each problem:
Problem Advice
1-A sore throat ( ) A)Take some vitamin C.
2-A cough ( ) B) Put some ointment on it.
3-A backache ( ) C) Drinks lots of liquids.
4-A fever ( ) D) Go to bed and rest.
5-Atoothache ( ) E) Put heating pad on it.
6-A headache ( ) F) Put it under cold water.
7-Aburn ( ) G) Take some aspirin.
8-The flu ( ) H) See a dentist.
I) See a doctor.
J) Get some medicine.
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(A): listen to the following conversation and practice:
Pharmacist: Hi. May I help you?
Patient: Yes, please .Could I have something for a cough? I think I am
getting a cold.
Pharmacist: Well, I suggest a box of these cough drops.
Patient: Thank you .And what do you suggest for dry skin?
Pharmacist: Try some of these new lotion. It is very good.
Patient: OK. And one more thing. My husband has no energy these
days. Can you suggest any thing?
Pharmacist: He should try some of these multi-vitamin. They are
excellent.
Lesson (3): At the pharmacy?
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Patient: Great! May I have three large bottles, please?
(B): Grammar focus:
Model verbs can, could, many for requests; suggestions
Can / May I help you? What do you suggest / have for
dry skin?
Can I have a box of cough drops?
Could I have something for a
cough?
May I have a bottle of aspirin?
Try some of this lotion.
I suggest some ointment.
You should get some skin cream.
(C): Complete these conversations with the verbs can, could, may,
have, try, suggest, or should.
1-A: ___________ I help you?
B: Yes, _______ I have something for itchy eyes?
A: Sure. I _______________ a bottle of eye drops.
2-A: What do you ___________ for sore muscles?
B: You _______ this ointment? It is excellent.
A: Sure. OK. I’ll take it.
3-A: ___________ I have a box of bandages, please?
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B: Here you are.
A: And what do you ______________ for insomnia?
B: _____________ some of this herbal tea. It is very relaxing
A: OK. Thank you.
(D): Writing: A letter to an advice columnist
Dear Dr. Ahmed,
I have a problem and need your advice
.What do you suggest for losing weight?
My friends say I look fine, but I don’t
think so. I’ve tried several diets, but they
just don’t work for me. I am desperate!
Can you please help?
Not slim Adel
Dear Dr. Ahmed ,
Several months ago, My husband moved
to another town to start a new work .He
called me to be with him every weekend.
Now I say the distance is too far and we
should break up. What do you suggest?
Heartbroken
(E): Imagine that you want some advice about a problem .Write a short
letter to an advice columnist.
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Listen to the following conversation and practice.
Cashier: What would you like?
Customer: I’d like the lamb kebabs and burger sandwiches.
Cashier: All right, and would you like a salad?
Customer: Yes, I’ll have a mixed green salad.
Cashier: OK. What kind of dressing would you like?
Customer: Blue cheese, please.
Cashier: And would you like anything to drink?
Customer: Yes, I’d like a large iced tea, please.
Lesson (4): Ordering a meal
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(B): Grammar focus:
Modal verbs (would and will) for requests
What would you like? I’d like the lamb kababs. Contractions
What kind of dressing
would you like?
I’d like blue cheese, please. I’ll = I will
I’d = I would
What would you like to
drink?
I’d like an iced tea.
Would you like anything
else?
Yes, please I’d like some
water.
No, thank you .That’ll be all
(C): Complete these conversations:
Fried chicken French fries Mashed potetoes
Icecream Chocolate Cappuccino
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Waiter: What ______________ you like to order?
Customer: I _____________have the fried chicken.
Waiter: _______________ you like rice or potatoes?
Customer: Potatoes, please.
Waiter: What kind of potatoes would you _____________? Mashed,
baked, or French fries?
Customer: I ____________ like mashed potatoes.
Waiter: OK. And ______________ you like anything to drink?
Customer: I guess I _____________ have a cup of cappuccino.
Waiter: Would you ____________________ anything else?
Customer: No, that _____________ be all for now, thanks.
Waiter: Would you _______________ dessert?
Customer: Yes, I _____________ like ice-cream.
Waiter: What flavor _____________ you like?
Customer: Hmm.I ______________ have chocolate, please.
Waiter: OK. I’ll bring it right away.
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Robinson Crusoe was an English sailor and merchant. He was going on
a journey when a storm destroyed his ship. But he was saved when a big
wave carried him to the shore of a small island. Robison Crusoe lived
there for twenty-eight years. Although he was alone, he worked all the
time .He built a house, he grew corn and vegetables and he reared
animal. After twenty - five years, he found a man on the island. The man
was in trouble. Robinson Crusoe helped him and the man became his
servant. He called him Friday. He taught him to speak English and to do
many things.
Three year later, a ship came to the island. Robison Crusoe met the captain and his companions. They were in trouble. He helped them.
Then he returned home with them.
Lesson (5): Reading: Robinson Crusoe
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( A): Choose the correct answer:
1- Robison Crusoe was an English _____________________
a-teacher b- merchant c- sailor and merchant
2- He was saved by ___________________________________
a- people b- a big wave c-the police
3- Robison grew ______ and vegetables when he was on the island.
a-cotton b- sugar cane c- corn
4- Robinson Crusoe called the man that he found on the island:
a-Friday b- John c-Saturday
5- He taught the man to speak ____________________
a-French b- English c-Arabic
6- Three years later a _______________ came to the island.
a-ship b- train c-car
7- Robinson Crusoe met ______________________________________
a-his son b- the animals c-the Captain and his companions
(B): Tick ( √ ) or ( × ) :
1- Robison Crusoe lived on the island for twenty-eight years. ( )
2-. Robison Crusoe built a palace when he was on the island. ( )
3-After twenty three years he found a man on the island. ( )
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Unit Three
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(A): Scan the article .How much should you tip someone in the
United States who:
1- Carries your suitcase at a hotel?
2-Parks your car?
3-Serves you in a fast-food restaurant?
The word tip comes from an old English slang word that means “to give”. It
is both a noun and a verb. Americans usually tip people in places like restaurants,
airports, hotels, and hair salons. People who work in these places often get paid
low wages .A tip shows that the customer is pleased with the service. Sometimes it
is hard to know how much to tip. The size of the tip usually depends on the
service. People such as parking valets or bellhops usually get smaller tip. The tip
for people such as taxi drivers and waiters or waitresses is usually larger. Here are
a few guidelines for tipping in the United States:
Unit Three
Lesson (1): Reading: To Tip or not to Tip
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People who as …………………… Tipping
1-Airport porters or hotel bellhops 1 or 2 dollars for carrying each suitcase.
2-Parking valets 1 dollar for parking a car.
3-Hotel door attendants 1 or 2 dollars for getting a taxi.
4-Hotel maids 1 to 5 per night
5-Taxi drivers 15 percent of the bill; more if they help
you with bags.
6-Waiters and waitresses 15 to 20 percent of the bill (there is no
tipping in fast-food restaurants)
7-Barbers or hairstylists 15 percent of the bill.
When you are not sure about how much to tip, do what feels right .You don’t have
to tip for bad service. And you can give a bigger tip for very good service
.Remember, though, your behavior is more important than your money .Always
treat service providers with respect.
(B): Answer these questions:
1-From where does the word “tip” come from?
__________________________________________________________
2- Where do Americans usually tip people?
__________________________________________________________
3-Why do Americans usually tip people in these places?
__________________________________________________________
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4-What does a tip show?______________________________________
5- Is the tip for people such as taxi drivers and waiters or waitresses is
usually smaller?_____________________________________________
6- Do you have to tip for bad service?___________________________
(C): Read the article .Find the underlined words in the article .Then
check (√) the correct meaning of each word.
The word The meaning
1-wages 1-regular pay for a job ( )
2-tips I received for a job ( )
2-pleased 1-happy or satisfied ( )
2-annoyed or bothered ( )
3-depend on 1-be the same as ( )
2-change a according to ( )
4- behavior 1-away of catching ( )
2-away of feelings ( )
5- treat 1-ignore ( )
2-act toward ( )
6- respect
1- courtesy ( )
2- rudeness ( )
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Adjectives are words that describe or modify other words, making your
writing and speaking much more specific, and a whole lot more
interesting. Words like small, blue, and sharp are descriptive, and they
are all examples of adjectives. Because adjectives are used to identify or
quantify individual people and unique things, they are usually positioned
before the noun or pronoun that they modify.
Forming comparative adjectives
As well as serving as modifying words like beautiful and
big, adjectives are also used for indicating the position on a scale of
comparison. The lowest point on the scale is known as
the absolute form, the middle point is known as the comparative form,
and the highest point is known as the superlative form. Here are some
examples:
Absolute Comparative Superlative
This book is long. This book is longer than that
book.
This is
the longest book.
The airport is far. The airport is farther than the
train station.
This is
the farthest airport.
Lesson (2): Grammar
Comparing adjectives
44
Absolute Comparative Superlative
My mom is
a good cook.
My mom is a better cook than
your mom.
My mom is
the best cook.
The comparative form:
When two objects or persons are being compared, the comparative form of the
adjective is used. The comparative adjective can be formed in two ways:
1. Adding –er to the absolute form of the adjective.
2. Adding the word more before the adjective.
For example:
1. My essay is longer than yours.
2. She is more beautiful than her sister.
Here are the rules for choosing and forming the right form:
Add When Example Forming and Exceptions
–er Words of
one syllable
This is a
longer book.
Words ending with ‘e‘,
add ‘r‘ to the end of the
word (e.g., lame →
lamer).
Words with one vowel
and one consonant at the
end, double the consonant
and add –er to the end of
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Add When Example Forming and Exceptions
the word (e.g., big →
bigger).
Words with more than
one vowel or more than
one consonant at the end,
add –er to the end of the
word (e.g., hard →
harder).
–er
Words of
two
syllables
ending with
‘y‘
This doll is prettier. Change ‘y‘ to ‘i‘, and add –er to
the end of the word.
more
Words of
two
syllables not
ending with
‘y‘
He
is more charming
than his friend.
Insert more before the adjective
more
Three
syllable
words or
longer
This is
a more powerful
cable.
Insert more before the adjective
When comparing two things, the word than is positioned between the
adjective and the thing being compared. For example:
1. Apples are tastier than oranges.
2. This painting is more interesting than that painting.
Superlatives
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The superlative is used to say what thing or person has the most of a
particular quality within a group or of its kind. The superlative can be
formed in two ways:
1. Adding –est to the absolute form of the adjective.
2. Adding the word most before the adjective.
For example:
1. This is the most beautiful dress I have ever seen.
2. The biggest table in the room.
Here are the rules for choosing and forming the right form:
Add When Example Forming and Exceptions
–est Words of
one syllable
This is the
longest book.
Words ending with ‘e‘,
add ‘st‘ to the end of
the word (e.g., large →
largest).
Words with one vowel
and one consonant at
the end, double the
consonant and add –
est to the end of the
word (e.g., big →
biggest).
Words with more than
one vowel or more than
one consonant at the
end, add –est to the end
of the word (e.g., blue
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Add When Example Forming and Exceptions
→ bluest).
–est
Words of
two
syllables
ending
with ‘y‘
This doll is the
prettiest.
Change ‘y‘ to ‘i‘, and add –
est to the end of the word.
most
Words of
two
syllables
not ending
with ‘y‘
He is
the most charming
boy at school.
Insert most before the
adjective
most
Three
syllable
words or
longer
This is
the most powerful
story.
Insert most before the
adjective
Superlatives are usually preceded by the word the.
Positive form
The positive form is used in cases where there are no differences
between the two compared things or persons. To form the positive, we
use the word as before and after the absolute form of the adjective. For
example:
1. Danny is as smart as Phillip.
2. She is as beautiful as her older sister.
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This can also be applied in a negative context to indicate that the
compared objects are not similar:
1. Danny is not as smart as Phillip.
2. She is not as beautiful as her older sister.
Exceptions (irregular forms)
Certain adjectives have irregular forms in the comparative and
superlative degrees:
Absolute Comparative Superlative
Good Better Best
Bad Worse Worst
Little Less Least
Much/many/some More Most
Examples of comparing adjectives
1. This house is bigger than that one.
2. This flower is more beautiful than that.
3. He is taller than Mr. Hulas.
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4. He is more intelligent than this boy.
5. Jonathan is the most handsome man on campus.
6. This is the prettiest dress in the window.
7. I lost my most comfortable shoes.
8. My job is worse than yours.
Put the adjectives between brackets correctly:
1-Which country is ____________ Canada or China? (small)
2-Which country has _________ population: Tokyo, Mexico, or Sao
Paulo? (large)
3-What is ______________ place in Saudi Arabia? (beautiful)
4-What is ________ river in the world, the Nile or the Amazon? (long)
5-Which city is _________________ Tokyo, Moscow, or Hong Kong?
(expensive)
6- What is _____________ ocean in the world, the Pacific or the
Atlantic? (deep)
7- Which city is __________, Hong Kong, or Cairo? (crowded)
Exercise
50
Mount Cook
(A): Listen to the following conversation and practice.
Bander: I am going to Australia next year. Aren't you from Australia,
James?
James: Actually, I am from New Zealand.
Bander: Oh, I didn't know that. So what is it like?
James: Oh, it is beautiful. It has lots of farms, and it is very
mountainous
Bander: Really? How high are the mountains?
James: The highest one is Mount Cook .It is 3,800 meters high.
Bander: Hmm. How far is New Zealand from Australia?
James: Well, I live in Auckland, and Auckland is about 2,000
kilometers from Sydney.
Bander: Well, maybe I should visit you next year, too.
Lesson (3): Distances and
measurements
51
(B): Grammar focus: Questions with (How):
It is about 400 kilometers. How far is it from Riyadh to
Dammam?
It is 640 square kilometers. How big is Singapore?
It is 3,740 meters high. How high is Mount Cook?
It is about 1,900 meters deep. How deep is the Grand Canyon?
It is about 5,970 kilometers long. How long is the Mississippi River?
It gets up to about 74º Fahrenheit. How hot is Auckland in the
summer?
(C): Write the questions to these answers.
1-A: _____________________________________________________?
B: Angel falls is 979 meters high.
2-A: _____________________________________________________?
B: California is about 403,970 square kilometers.
3-A: _____________________________________________________?
B: The Nile is 6,670 kilometers.
4-A: ____________________________________________________?
B: Washington, gets up to about 90º Fahrenheit in the summer.
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(B): Listen to the conversation and practice.
Assistant: Can I help you?
Ali: Yes, how much is that shirt?
Assistant: It's 80 SR.
Ali: Can I try it on?
Assistant: Yes, what size are you?
Ali: I don't know.
Assistant: Ok, try a size 17. The changing room is over there.
Ali: Do you have it in a bigger size?
Assistant: Yes, here you are.
Ali: Thank you
Assistant: How was it?
Ali: I'll take it.
Lesson (4): At a Clothes Shop
53
Unit Four
54
(A): Listen to the conversation and practice.
John: Oh, I am really sorry .Are you OK?
Peter: I’m fine .But I’m not very good at this?
John: Nether am I. Are you from South America?
Peter: Yes, I am, originally .I was born in Argentina.
John: Did you grow up there?
Peter: Yes, I did, but my family moved here. Ten years ago, when I was in high
school.
John: Where did you learn to skate?
Peter: Here in the park. This is only my third time.
John: Well, it is my first time. Can you give me some lessons?
Peter: Sure. Just follow me.
John: By the way my name is John.
Peter: And I am Peter. Nice to meet you.
Unit Four
Lesson (1): Where did you learn
to skate?
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(B): Grammar focus: Past simple: Form
The form of the past simple is the same for all persons (I, you, he, she, it,
we, you, and they).AFFIRMATIVE
Affirmative Statements:
I
You
We
They went to school yesterday.
He
She
It
Negative Statements:
I
You
We
They didn’t go to school yesterday.
He
She
It
Interrogative Statements:
Did
I
You
We
They
He
She
It
go to school yesterday?
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Some verbs are “regular”, other are “irregular”.
The affirmative past simple of regular verbs ends in -ed:
Work worked
Play played
Live lived
When we add -ed to verbs, there are sometimes changes in spelling:
Stop Stopped
Travel travelled
Try tried
Irregular verbs have different affirmative past simple forms:
See saw
Come came
Drink drank
Use:
We use the past simple to talk about actions and situations that happened
in the past, often with expressions like ago, yesterday, last night, in
2005, etc...
I played football yesterday
He lived in London from 1997 to 2005.
Did you see Sarah yesterday? No, I didn´t
We didn´t go out last night. We stayed at home.
They went to Spain on holiday last summer.
Cristopher Columbus discovered America.
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Spelling Rules:
*With most verbs we add -ed: wal → walked, finish → finished
*With verbs ending with -e, we add -d: live → lived, phone → phoned
*With verbs that end with a consonant + y, we change the -y to -ied:
try → tried, apply → applied
*With verbs that end with a vowel + one consonant, we double the
consonant:
stop → stopped, plan → planned, travel → travelled
Exceptions: We do not double the final consonant:
1- When it is a -y or -w: stay → stayed
2- When the last syllable is not stressed: listen > listened, open > opened
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Regular verbs:
Complete the sentences with the past simple of one of these verbs:
Clean die enjoy finish happen live open
play rain smoke start stay want watch
1. Yesterday evening I _________________ television.
2. I _________________ my teeth tree times yesterday.
3. Bernard _________________ 20 cigarettes yesterday evening.
4. The concert last night ____________ at 7.30 and ______ ______ at
10 o´clock.
5. The accident _________________last Sunday afternoon.
6. When I was a child, I _________________ to be a doctor.
7. Mozart _________________ from 1756 to 1791.
8. We __________ our holiday last year. We __________ at a very good
hotel.
9. Today the weather is nice, but yesterday it _________________.
10. It was hot in the room, so I _________________ the window.
11. The weather was good yesterday, so we _________________ tennis.
12. William Shakespeare _________________ in 1616.
Exercise
59
Irregular verbs:
What did Mr. Bird do yesterday? Write the verbs in brackets in the past
simple form.
Yesterday Mr. Bird (get up) _________________ at 6.45 and (have)
_________________ a shower.
Then he (have) _________________ tea and cornflakes for breakfast.
He (leave) _________________
home at 7.55 and (go) _________________ to work by bus. He (take)
_________________ the 8.05 bus and (get) _________________ to
work at 8.30. He (have) _________________ lunch from 1.00 till 2.00
and (leave) _________________ work at 6.00 in the evening. When he
(get) ________________ home, he (read) _________________ the
newspaper. Then he (have) _________________ dinner at 7.15. After
dinner he (take) _________________ his dog out for a walk. He (go)
_________________ to bed at 10.30 exactly!
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Add more hours to the
day
Change my appearance
Improve my personality
Move to a new
home
Enjoy life more
Go back to school Become healthier
Find a better job Make new friends
(A): Answer these questions:
1-Which of these wishes would be easy to do?
2-Which would be difficult or impossible?
3-Check (√) some of these things you would like to do.
4-What other things you like to change about your life?
Lesson (2): Common whishes people
have about their lives
61
(B): Conversation: Making changes:
(B.1): Listen to the teacher and practice:
Omer: So, are you still living with your parents, Ibrahim?
Ibrahim: I am afraid so .I wish I had my own apartment.
Omer: Why? Don’t you like living at home?
Ibrahim: It’s OK, but my parents are always asking me to be home
before midnight. I wish they would stop worrying about me.
Omer: Yeah. parents are like that !
Ibrahim: And they except me help around the house .I hate housework.
I wish life weren’t difficult.
Omer: So, why don’t you move out?
Ibrahim: Hey, I wish I could, but where else can I get free room and
Board.
62
(B.2): Grammar focus: Wish:
We use wish + past tense to refer to present wishes.
Examples:
1-I live with my parents.
I wish I didn’t live with my parents.
I wish I had my own apartment.
2-I can’t move out.
I wish I could move out
3-Life is difficult.
I wish it were easier.
I wish it weren’t so difficult.
4-My parents will not stop worrying about me.
I wish they would stop worrying about me.
Notice: After wish, were is used with all pronouns.
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Complete the sentences. Use the present perfect form of the verbs in
brackets.
1-I wish we _________________ a test today. (Not have)
2-I wish these exercises ___________________ so difficult. (Not be)
3-I wish we ___________________ near the beach. (Live)
4-Do you ever wish you __________________ more? (Can travel)
5-I wish I _____________________ better at English. (Be)
6-I wish we __________________ wear a school uniform. (Not have to)
7-Sometimes I wish I __________________. (Can fly).
8-I wish we ___________________. to Disney World. (Can go)
Exercise
64
Visit a foreign country Discover something
new
Stay at home
go camping Relax at the beach Enjoy nature
(A): Answer these questions:
1- What activities do you like to do on vacation? Check (√) the
activities.
2-Which activities did you do on your last vacation?
3-Make a list of other activities you like to do on vacation.
Lesson (3): What do you like
to do on vacation?
65
(B): Conversation: What are you going to do?
Listen and practice.
Tamer: I’m so excited .We have two weeks off! What are you going to
do?
Majid: I’m not sure .I guess I’ll just stay at home .Maybe I’ll watch a
few DVDs. What about you? Any plans?
Tamer: Yeah. I’m going to Jeddah with my cousin for a couple of
weeks so as to relax at the beach. We are going to go surfing
every day.
Majid: Sounds like fun
Tamer: Why don’t you come with us?
Majid: I’d love to! I’ll bring my surfboard.
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(C): Grammar focus: Future with be going to and will:
*We use be going to + verb for plans we have decided on.
What are you going to do?
I’m going to relax on the beach.
We are going to go surfing every day.
I’m not going to do anything special.
*We use will + verb for possible plans before we have made a
decision.
What are you going to do?
I’m not sure. I guess I’ll just stay at home.
Maybe I’ll watch DVDs.
I don’t know .I think I’ll go camping.
I probably will not go anywhere.
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Underline the correct future tense phrase in the following sentences.
1. I am feeling energetic. So, I think I (will / am going to) wash my car.
2. It has been decided that we (will / are going to) to climb Mount
Everest next week.
3. -Who wants to come with me to the movie tonight?
Oh that sounds fun. I (will / am going to) come with you.
4. We have already made plans for the vacation. We have decided that
we (will / are going to) visit Uncle Bill in Montana.
5. Tonight seems like a nice night to be outside. I think I (will / am
going to) go for a walk after dinner.
6. Have you thought about what you want to do after college?
Yes, I have decided that I (will / am going to) become an engineer.
7. I guess I (will / am going to) help you clean the kitchen if no one else
will.
8. My car tires look low on air. I think I (will / am going to) fill them up
at the next gas station.
9. The weather man said that it (will / is going to) rain tomorrow.
10. Okay, I have an idea. After we play the game, we (will / are going
to) get some ice cream!
Exercise
68
11. I think my dad said we (will / are going to) go to the beach this
weekend.
12. If the bus (will not / is not going to) start, how will we get to school
on time.
Watching TV. Talking on the phone
(A): Listen to the conversation and practice.
Mr. Ali: Mohammed …. Mohammed! Turn down the TV, please.
Mohammed: Oh, but it is my favourite program.
Mr. Ali: I know .But it is very loud.
Mohammed: OK. I’ll turn it down.
Mr. Ali: That is better. Thanks.
Mrs. Ali: Norah, please pick up your things. They are all over the floor.
Norah: In a minute, Mom. I’m on the phone.
Lesson (4): No problem
69
Mrs. Ali: All right. But do it as soon as you disconnect a call.
Norah: OK. No problem!
Mrs. Ali: Goodness. We were like this when we were kids?
Mr. Ali: Definitely not.
(B): Grammar focus:
Two - parts verbs; will for responding to requests:
With nouns With pronouns Requests and responses
Turn down the TV. Turn it down. Please turn down the radio.
Turn the TV down OK. I’ll turn it down.
Pick up your things Pick them up. Pick up your clothes, please.
Pick your things up. All right. I’ll pick them up.
(C): Complete the requests with these words.
The TV Your jacket The radio The toys The books
Your boots The yard The lights The trash The dog
-1 Pick up ________ ,please. 6-Please take off ______________.
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2-Turn ________ off, please. 7-Hang _____________ up, please.
3-Clean ________ up, please. 8-Please take out _____________.
4-Please put ________ away. 9-Please let ______________out.
5-Please turn down ___________. 10-Turn on ____________, please.
(D): Grammar focus:
Requests with modals and would you mind ……..?
Request + simple form of verb Would you mind… + gerund Can you turn the stereo off? Would you mind turning the stereo
down?
Could you close the door, please? Would you mind closing the door,
please?
Would you please take your garbage
out?
Would you mind putting your garbage
here?
71
Match the requests with the appropriate responses. (More than one
answer may be possible)
1-Could you lend me fifty dollars? ( ) a) We are sorry .We’ll talk more
quietly.
2-Could you get me a sandwich? ( ) b) I’m sorry .I’ll do it right now.
3-Can you help me move to new
house? ( )
c) Sorry .I didn’t realize this seat was
taken.
4-Would you mind not sitting here? ( ) d) Are you kidding? I don’t have any
cash.
5-Could you move your car from here?
( )
e) I’m really sorry, but I’m busy.
1-Would you mind not talking so
loudly? ( )
f) Sure, no problem. I’d be glad to.
Exercise
72
(A): Listen to the conversation and practice.
Ahmed: Can I borrow your phone to call my father?
Amin: I can’t believe you still don’t have a cell phone .Here you are.
Ahmed: Thanks .Now what do I need to do?
Amin: First of all, be sure to turn it on. And don’t forget to dial the area
code.
Ahmed: OK, I can see that number, but I can’t hear anything.
Amin: That’s because you haven’t pressed the “call” button.
Ahmed: Oh, good. It is ringing.
Amin: Try not to get too excited .You’ll probably get his voice mail
Ahmed: You are right .It is a recording
Amin: Make sure to hit the “end” button or else you’ll leave your
conversation on his voice mail!
Lesson (5): Can I borrow your
phone?
73
(B): Grammar focus:
Imperatives and infinitives for giving suggestions:
Be sure to turn it on.
Don’t forget to dial the area code.
Make sure to hit the “end” button.
Remember to pay the bill every month.
Try not to talk for too long.
Put the verb between the brackets in the correct form:
1-Try _______________ your laptop computer closed to protect the
screen. (keep)
2-Don’t forget _________________ down your secret code. (write)
3-Remember _____________________ it off as soon as you come in the
door. (turn)
4-Try not ______________your cell phone wet or the keys may get
stuck. (get)
5-Be sure ________________ your cell phone off before bed or a call
may wake you up. (turn)
6-Remember _________________ the battery before it dies. (recharge)
Exercise
74
(A)Listen to the Conversation and practice:
Jill: Your wedding pictures are really beautiful, Emiko.
Emiko: Thank you .Those pictures were taken right after the ceremony.
Jill: Where was the ceremony?
Emiko: At a shrine. When people get married in Japan, they sometimes
have the ceremony at a shrine.
Jill: That is interesting .Were there a lot of people there.
Emiko: Well, usually only family members and close friends to the
ceremony .But afterward we had a reception with family and friends.
Jill: So, what are receptions like in Japan?
Emiko: There is a big dinner, and after the food is served, the guests
give speeches or sing songs
Jill: It sounds like fun
Emiko: It really is .And then, before the guests leave, the bride and
groom give them presents.
Lesson (6): Wedding in Japan
75
Jill: the guests get presents?
Emiko: Yes, and the guests give money to the bride and groom
(B): Answer these questions:
1-Where was Jill’s wedding ceremony?
__________________________________________________________
2- When people get married in Japan, they sometimes have the
ceremony at ______________.
a-the street b-a shrine c-the neighbors’ house
3- What are receptions like in Japan?
__________________________________________________________
4-What do the guests give after the food is served?
__________________________________________________________
5-What do the bride and groom give the guest?
__________________________________________________________
6-What do the guests give to the bride and groom?
__________________________________________________________
(C): Grammar focus: Adverbial clauses of time:
When people get married in Japan, they sometimes have the ceremony
at a shrine.
After the food is served, the guests give speeches or sing songs
Before the guests leave, the bride and groom give them presents.
76
(A): Scan the article. What three habits does the article mention?
Some people leave work until the last minute, a lot of us can’t stop
gossiping, and others always arrive to events late .These aren’t serious
problems ,but they are bad habits that cause trouble .Habits like these
waste your time and ,in some cases might even affect your relationships.
What can you do about them? Read this advice to end your bad habits
for good.
I can do it tomorrow
1-Problem: Do you leave projects until the very last minute and stay up
all night to finish them?
Lesson (7): Reading:
Giving up bad habits
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2-Solution: People often put things off because they seem
overwhelming. Try dividing the project into smaller steps. After you
finish each task, reward yourself with a snack or a call to a friend.
Guess what I just heard
3-Problem: Do you try not to talk about other people, but can’t help
yourself? Do you often feel bad after you have done it?
4-Solution: Frist, don’t listen to gossip. If someone tells you a secret,
just say “Really? I haven’t heard that” Then think of some other news to
offer-about yourself.
Never on time
5-Problem: Are you always late? Do your friends invite you to events a
half hour early?
6-Solution: Set an alarm clock. For example, if a movie starts at 9:00
and it takes 30 minutes to get to the theater, you have to leave at 8:30.Set
the alarm to go off at the time you need to leave.
(B): Read the article. Then check (√ ) the best description of the article.
1-The article starts with description and then gives advice.
2-The article starts with description and then gives facts.
3-The article gives the writer’s opinion.
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(C): Write the number of the paragraph where each sentence could go.
A) You can also ask a friend to come to your house before the event.
B) Ask yourself: “How would I feel if someone told my secrets?”
C) Do you ever make up excuses to explain your unfinished work?
D) Are you ever so late that the people you are meeting leave?
E) You can also ask a friend to call you to ask about your progress.
F) Are people afraid to tell you things about themselves?
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