PROJECT MANUAL #07

Edited by Kata DudsSupervised by Adrin Auth

VERSION 7.019 DEC 2012

PROJECTMANUAL #07AS BUILT DOCUMENTATION

Project Manual #07

PROJECT MANUAL #07 | As BUiLT DOCUMENTATiON ODOOPROJECT | BUDAPEsT UNiVERsiTY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMiCs

SUMMARY OF CHANGES


16

SUMMARY OF CHANGES (VERSiON 6.0)

01. 3. Lighting Design NarrativeAmbient lighting section details modified

02. 1 Structural Design Text revised

02. 2 Construction Design Narrative Text revised

02. 3 Plumbing System Design Detailes modified

02. 4 Electrical System Design Details modified

02. 5 Photovoltaic Systems Design Details revised

02. 6 Electrical Balance Simulation Results updated

02. 7 Solar Thermal Design Detailes modified

03. 1 Technical Project Summary Details updated

03. 2 Appliances Report Appliances updated

03. 3Comprehensive Energy Analysis and Discussion Report Section I

Details updated

03. 4Comprehensive Energy Analysis and Discussion Report Section II

Details modified

04. 1 Communications Project Details added

04. 2 Public Tour Description Paragraph modified

04. 3 Visual Identity Manual Team uniform added

04. 4 Sponsorship Manual Details updated

04. 5 Material for the Project Dissemination Paragraph updated

05 Indutrialization and market viability Graphs formed

06. 2 Innovation in Engineering and Construction Details modified

07. 5 Sustainability Report - Materials Detailes updated

Dinner party menu Second menu deleted

Contest week tasks' planning Book modified

Cost estimates and project financial summary Detailes updated

Health & Safety Plan Detailes updated

Detail water budget Details modified

Structural calculations Book updated


All charpterText revised, presonal & secret information was deleted


17


01 Architectural Design Narrative Book modified

02. 1 Structural Design Paragraph modified

02. 2 Construction Design Narrative Paragraph modified

02. 3 Plumbing System Design Paragraph modified

02. 4 Electrical System Design Details modified

02. 5 Photovoltaic Systems Design Details modified

02. 6 Electrical Balance Simulation Paragraph modified

02. 7 Solar Thermal Design Paragraph modified

02. 8 Building Integrated Solar Active Systems Paragraph modified

02. 9 Building Automatization System New paragraph


03. 2 Appliances Report New appliances added


Paragraph modified


Paragraph modified



04. 5 Material for the Project Dissemination Paragraph updated

05. 1 Objectives New paragraph

05. 2 Market viability of the product Paragraph modified

05. 3 Evalution of concept Paragraph modified

05. 4 Annex New paragraph

06 Innovation Report Paragraph modified

07 Sustainability Report Book modified

Dinner party menu New book

Contest week tasks' planning New book

Site Operations Report Detailes modified

Health & Safety Plan Book modified

Electric and photovoltaic chart Table updated

Detail water budget Paragraph modified

Structural calculations Book modified

SUMMARY OF CHANGES


18


01. 1 Architectural Concepts Text revised

01. 2 Reconfigurable features Text modified

01. 3 Lighting Design Narrative Paragraph modified

02. 1 Structural Design Paragraph modified

02. 2 Construction Design Narrative New paragraph

02. 3 Plumbing System Design New paragraph

02. 4 Electrical System Design Paragraph modified

02. 5 Photovoltaic Systems Design Paragraph modified

02. 6 Electrical Balance Simulation Paragraph modified

02. 7 Solar Thermal Design Container size modified

02. 8 Building Integrated Solar Active Systems Paragraph modified


03. 2 Appliances Report New paragraph


Paragraph modified


Paragraph modified



04. 3 Visual Identity Manual Combinated logos added

04. 4 Sponsorship ManualSponsors' table updated, Presentations added

04. 5 Material for the Project Dissemination New paragraph

05. 1 Market viability of the product Paragraph modified

05. 2 Economic feasibility study Paragraph modified

05. 3 Industrialization degree Paragraph modified

06 Innovation Report Details added

07 Sustainability Report New book

Cost estimated and project financial summaryDetails added; tables changed

Site Operations Report Book modified

Health & Safety Plan Book modified

Electric and photovoltaic chart Table modified

Detail water budget New paragraph

Structural calculations New book

SUMMARY OF CHANGES


19

01. 1 Architectural Concepts Paragraph modified

01. 2 Summary of reconfigurable features New paragraph

01. 3 Lighting Design Narrative New paragraph

02 Engineering and Construction Design Narrative New chapter

03 Energy Efficiency Design Narrative Chapter modified

04 Communications Plan Chapter modified

05 Industrialization and Market Viability Reports New chapter

06. 1 Innovation in Architecture Paragraph modified

06. 2 Innovation in Engineering and Construction Paragraph modified

06. 3 Innovation in Energy Efficiency Paragraph modified

COST ESTIMATE AND PROJECT FINANCIAL SUMMARY

New book

SITE OPERATIONS REPORT New book

HEALTH & SAFETY PLAN New book

ELECTRIC AND PHOTOVOLTAIC CHART New book


SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Project Manual #07


TABLE OFCONTENTS


21TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

21 01 Architecture Design nArrAtive

22 01. 1 Architectural Concepts23 01. 1. 1 Considerations behind the concept25 01. 1. 2 Main goals26 01. 1. 3 Geometry29 01. 1. 4 Use of space30 01. 1. 5 Interior design32 01. 1. 6 The terrace33 01. 1. 7 Active & passive design strategies

36 01. 2 Reconfigurable features

38 01. 3 Lighting Design Narrative39 01. 3. 1 Daylight Concept41 01. 3. 2 Artificial lighting

46 02 engineering AnD construction Design nArrAtive

47 02. 1 Structural Design Narrative48 02. 1. 1 Development of the supporting structure65 02. 1. 2 Presentation of the selected structural system

73 02. 2 Constructive Design Narrative74 02. 2. 1 General technical description of the building75 02. 2. 2 Principles of the Constructive Design81 02. 2. 3 Description of the Building Constructions99 02. 2. 4 Description of the terrace constructions100 02. 2. 5 Description of the summer wall constructions 101 02. 2. 6 Description of the ramp constructions 101 02. 2. 7 Fire protection of the building104 02. 2. 8 Acoustic performance of the building

109 02. 3 Plumbing System Design Narrative110 02. 3. 1 Introduction110 02. 3. 2 Tanks - the foundation of the system110 02. 3. 3 Cold water circle111 02. 3. 4 Domestic hot water111 02. 3. 5 Rainwater reservoir111 02. 3. 6 Rainwater usage113 02. 3. 7 Sewage water circle113 02. 3. 8 Filling, emptying and maintenance points113 02. 3. 9 Afterwards usage

114 02. 4 Electrical System Design115 02. 4. 1 Standards used115 02. 4. 2 List of drawings117 02. 4. 3 General description of electrical system


22

119 02. 5 Photovoltaic Systems Design Narrative120 02. 5. 1 General description of the Photovoltaic system121 02. 5. 2 Design criteria for photovoltaic array#1 (outer wall - faade)124 02. 5. 3 Design criteria for photovoltaic array #2 (roof)129 02. 5. 4 Monitoring and display systems129 02. 5. 5 Energy management, energy storage (only for TN grids)131 02. 5. 6 Design and specifications139 02. 5. 7 Digital appendix Installation guides139 02. 5. 8 Digital appendix User manuals139 02. 5. 9 Digital appendix Technical information139 02. 5. 10 Digital appendix Technical description139 02. 5. 11 Digital appendix Certificate

154 02. 6 Electrical Balance Simulation155 02. 6. 1 Energy production simulation167 02. 6. 2 Spectral radiation175 02. 6. 3 Load estimation186 02. 6. 4 Static consumption simulation for a day 188 02. 6. 5 Energy balance

193 02. 7 Solar Thermal Design Narrative194 02. 7. 1 Introduction194 02. 7. 2 Preliminary examination of the circumstances of the installation197 02. 7. 3 The reasons for not using the solar thermal collectors

199 02. 8 Building Integrated Solar Active Systems Design Narrative200 02. 8. 1 Evolution203 02. 8. 2 Description of preferred option206 02. 8. 3 Behaviour as a building structure207 02. 8. 4 Structural matching208 02. 8. 5 Operation and maintenance 209 02. 8. 6 Economy

212 02. 9 Building automatization system design Narrative213 02. 9. 1 Motivation213 02. 9. 2 EIB / KNX213 02. 9. 3 The building automation system design217 02. 9. 4 Detailed Equipment Description

221 03 energy efficiency Design nArrAtive

222 03. 1 Technical Project Summary

226 03. 2 Appliances Report227 03. 2. 1 Oven228 03. 2. 2 Electric hob229 03. 2. 3 Extractor hood230 03. 2. 4 Automatic washer drier231 03. 2. 5 Dishwasher232 03. 2. 6 Fridge-freezer

TABLE OF CONTENTS


23

233 03. 2. 7 Domino teppan yaki cooktop234 03. 2. 8 Induction hob235 03. 2. 9 Television235 03. 2. 10 Blu-ray Player236 03. 2. 11 Notebook236 03. 2. 12 Printer237 03. 2. 13 Micro HIFI

238 03. 3 Comprehensive Energy Analysis and Discussion Report Section I Projected Performance of Final House Design

239 03. 3. 1 Introduction243 03. 3. 2 House and Systems Description243 A Overall description of the project255 B Passive design strategies and Energy efficiency measures (EEM) analysed258 03. 3. 3 House and HVAC simulations267 03. 3. 4 Results and discussions292 03. 3. 5 Conclusion

293 03. 4 Comprehensive Energy Analysis and Discussion Report Section II Influence of Energetic Analysis on House Design and Participation Strategy

294 03. 4. 1. Influence of the energy analysis in the house design (House design optimization)

310 03. 4. 2. Influence of the energy analysis in the HVAC systems (System optimization)

318 03. 4. 3. Influence of the building automatization system on the energy efficiency

322 04 communicAtions PlAn

323 04. 1 Communications Project324 04. 1. 1 Abstract326 04. 1. 2 Analysis of the Situation327 04. 1. 3 Objectives330 04. 1. 4 Identification of the Target Groups and Message Establishment349 04. 1. 5 Timing350 04. 1. 6 Cost estimate351 04. 1. 7 Measure the Impact357 04. 1. 8 Crisis communication

359 04. 2 Public Tour Description360 04. 2. 1 General overview361 04. 2. 2 Detailed description

366 04. 3 Visual Identity Manual

402 04. 4 Sponsorship Manual403 04. 4. 1 Our method403 04. 4. 2 Main directives403 04. 4. 3 Current State of Affairs403 04. 4. 4 Partner Institutes

TABLE OF CONTENTS


24

404 04. 4. 5 Partner Companies428 04. 4. 6 Presentations used to raise sponsorships

441 04. 5 Material for the Project Dissemination

460 05 inDustriAlizAtion AnD mArket viAbility rePorts

461 05. 1 Objectives

463 05. 2 Market viability of the product463 05. 2. 1 Analysis463 05. 2. 2 The environment464 05. 2. 3 Compatibility testing of the market environment and the prototype465 05. 2. 4 Definition of goals467 05. 2. 5 Tools469 05. 2. 6 Setting the models

471 05. 3 Evaluation of concept471 05. 3. 1 The target markets473 05. 3. 2 Possibilites for grouping481 05. 3. 3 Economic feasibility study494 05. 3. 4 Industrialization degree 499 05. 3. 5 Summary

500 05. 4 Annex I500 05. 4. 1 Scope500 05. 4. 2 Characteristics of the prototype502 05. 4. 3 Residential market in Hungary and in the CEE region506 05. 4. 4 Analysis506 05. 4. 5 Definition of target market

511 06 innovAtion rePort

512 07 sustAinAbility rePort

513 07. 1 Sustainability concept applied

514 07. 2 Bioclimatic Strategies: Passive Design Strategies515 07. 2. 1 Geometry, orientation515 07. 2. 2 Natural Lighting515 07. 2. 3. Shading516 07. 2. 4 Ventilated PV and ventilated facade516 07. 2. 5 Thermal envelope517 07. 2. 6 Semi-passive systems, passive cooling and passive heating design

520 07. 3 Water520 07. 3. 1 Strategies for the reduction of consumption521 07. 3. 2 Water saving fixtures: 521 07. 3. 3 Household appliances 522 07. 3. 4 Rainwater

TABLE OF CONTENTS


25

524 07. 3. 5 Photovoltaic cooling524 07. 3. 6 Grey water system524 07. 3. 7 Treatment of waste water524 07. 3. 8 Afterwards usage

525 07. 4 Solid Waste525 07. 4. 1 Assessment Plan527 07. 4. 2 Management of Domestic Waste

529 07. 5 Materials529 07. 5. 1 Materials selection535 07. 5. 2 Enclosure description537 07. 5. 3 Maintenance plan540 07. 5. 4 Incorporated energy

546 07. 6 Solar Facilities546 07. 6. 1 Energy pay-back time, and CO

2 saving

550 07. 7 Equipment550 07. 7. 1 Building Automatization Energy Management System550 07. 7. 2 Heat pump553 07. 7. 3 Air handling equipment554 07. 7. 4 Water-saving household appliances

555 07. 8 Communication

556 Dinner PArty menu

562 contest week tAsks' PlAnning

587 cost estimAte AnD ProJect finAnciAl summAry

588 1 Financial Summary and Business Plan588 1. 1 Possible means of starting a partnership590 1. 2 Sponsorship592 1. 3 Financial Summary

593 2 Cost Estimate593 2. 1 Income details593 2. 2 Cost elements593 2. 3 Construction cost593 2. 4 Total cost of the house593 2. 5 Travel to madrid

594 site oPerAtions rePort

595 1 Precedents and aim

596 2 General data

598 3 Site operations team coordinator

TABLE OF CONTENTS


26

599 4 Outside logistic, Villa solar599 4. 1 phases description599 4. 2 Transport602 4. 3 Heavy vehicles circulation

603 5 Inside logistics approximation603 5. 1 Phases description605 5. 2 Deciding factors606 5. 3 Infrastructures607 5. 4 Waste Management

608 6 Load / Unload

609 7 Assembly / Disassembly609 7. 1 ASSEMBLY611 7. 2 DISASSEMBLY

614 8 Timeline - Assembly

615 9 Timeline - Disassembly

616 10 Site operations chart

618 11 Assembly chart

619 12 Disassembly chart

620 heAlth AnD sAfety PlAn

623 A Health and Safety Drawings

624 A 1) Index of Health and Safety drawings

625 B Health and Safety Report

626 B 1) Health and Safety plan Precedents and Aim

627 B 2) General data of the project

628 B 3) Health and Safety plan Objectives

629 B 4) Conditions of the site where construction will take place, and interesting data related to the prevention of risks during the construction process.

662 B 5) Activities for risks prevention679 B 6) Critical work phases for risks prevention

681 B 7) Risks identification

682 B 8) Collective protections to use

695 B 9) Individual protection resources to use

705 B 10) Safe working procedures of every team member

TABLE OF CONTENTS


27

705 B 11) Machinery and auxiliary resources

710 B 12) Planned measures in case of accident

712 B 13) Risks identification for possible later works

712 B 14) Useful plans and information for possible later works

712 B 15) Adopted system for the level of health and safety control during works

712 B 16) Formation and information about health and safety

713 B 17) Emergency evacuation plan

716 B An 1 Identification of risks and evaluation of the efficiency of the adopted protections

765 B An 2 Identification of risks for possible later works

957 C Health and Safety Specific Terms and Conditions Document

958 C 1) Statement

959 C 2) Statement

960 C 3) Complete technical specifications of the collective protections that shall be used

961 C 4) Complete technical specifications of the individual protections that shall be used

962 C 5 ) Description of the Terms and conditions of the Safety Plans that each Team member has to comply with

962 C 6) Statement that all the Team members have passed specific medical examinations for the works that they will carryout and have the necessary qualifications

962 C 7) Statement that the Team has received the specific training to assemble and disassemble the house that will be exhibited, preventing unexpected risks

962 C 8) For contracted staff

966 DetAileD wAter buDget

970 electric AnD PhotovoltAic chArt

972 construction sPecificAtions973 01 Structure979 02 Architecture - Part I1008 02 Architecture - Part II1046 03 System Installations - Part I1076 03 System Installations - Part II1113 03 System Installations - Part III

1149 structurAl cAlculAtions

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Project Manual #07


RULES ANDBUiLDiNG CODECOMPLiANCECHECKLiST


29

Rule Description Content Requirement(s) Drawing(s)/Report(s)

3.2Team Officers and Contact Information

Team officer's contact information completely fulfilled in Table 1 (SDE WAT)

Sent to SDE Organiza-tion

4.3 Lot ConditionsDrawing(s) showing the storage and unloading areas and corresponding loads calculations

PD SO-201-414; HS-001; PM Health and safety, Site operation plan

4.3 Lot Conditions

Calculations showing the structural design remains compliant even if there is a level difference, and drawing(s) showing shimming methods and materials to be used in case.

PD ST-001-004; PM 02.1.2.2.

4.4 Footings Drawing(s) showing the locations and depths of all ground penetrations on the competition site

PD ST-001-004;

4.4 FootingsDrawing(s) showing the location, contact area and soil-bearing pressure of every component resting directly on the ground

PD ST-001-004; PM Structural calculation 5.11.

4.5 Construction Equipment

Drawing(s) showing the assembly and disassembly sequences and the movement of heavy machinery on the competition site and specifications for heavy machinery

PD SO-301-314; PD SO-410-414; PD HS-403; PD HS-408; PD HS-504

4.7 Generators Generators specificationsPD SO-201, PM Site operation plan

4.8 Spill and Waste Products Drawing(s) showing the locations of all equipment, tanks and pipes containing fluids during the event and corresponding specifications

PD ME-001

5.1Solar Envelope Dimensions

Drawing(s) showing the location of all house and site components relative to the solar envelope

PD AR-011; PD AR-101

6.1Structural Design Approval

Structural drawings and calculations signed and stamped by a qualified licensed professional

PM Structural design; PM Structural calcula-tions

6.1Electrical and Photovoltaic Design Approval

Electrical and Photovoltaic drawings and calculations signed and stamped by a qualified licensed professional

PV-001, PV-002, PV-011, PV-012-015, PV-021-023, PV-031-032, EL-601, EL-501-504

6.1Codes Design Compliance

List of the country of origin codes complied, properly signed by the faculty advisor.

Sent to SDE Organiza-tion, signed, stamped by the faculty advisor

6.2Maximum Architectural Footprint

Drawing(s) showing all information needed by the Rules Officials to digitally measure the architectural footprint

PD AR-012

6.2Maximum Architectural Footprint

Drawing(s) showing all the reconfigurable features that may increase the footprint if operated during contest week

PD AR-041

6.3Minimum & Maximum Measurable Area

Drawing(s) showing the Minimum & Maximum Measurable Area.

PD-AR-051

6.4Entrance and Exit Routes

Drawing(s) showing the accessible public tour route, specifying the entrance and exit from the house to the main street of the Villa Solar

PD SO-316; HS-416, PM Health and safety

RULES AND BUiLDiNG CODE COMPLiANCE CHECKLiST


30


7.3PV Technology Limitations

Specifications and contractor price quote for photovoltaic components

No data

7.4 BatteriesDrawing(s) showing the location(s) and quantity of standalone, PV-powered devices and corresponding specifications

Not used

7.4 BatteriesDrawing(s) showing the location(s) and quantity of hard-wired battery banks components and corresponding specifications

Not used

7.6 Thermal Energy Storage Drawing(s) showing the location of thermal energy storage components and corresponding specifications

PD ME-001; ME-012

7.7 Desiccant Systems Drawing(s) describing the operation of the desiccant system and corresponding specifications

Not used

7.8 Humidification systemsSpecifications for humidification systems and corresponding certifications of the different elements.

PD ME-013, ME-041, ME-043

8.1 Containers locations Drawing(s) showing the location of all the water tanks PD ME-001, PM Plumbing system design

8.2 Water Delivery

Drawing(s) showing the fill location(s), quantity of water requested at each fill location, tank dimensions, diameter of opening(s) and clearance above the tank(s).

PD ME-012; PL-003; PM Plumbing system design; Site opearation plan;

8.3 Water Removal

Drawing(s) showing the quantity of water to be removed from each fill location, tank dimensions, diameter of opening(s) and clearance above the tank(s).

PD PL-021; PL-022; PM Plumbing system design

8.5 Grey water reuse Specifications for grey water reuse systems. Not used

8.6 Rainwater Collection Drawing(s) showing the layout and operation of rainwater collection systems

PD PL-211; AR-331-05; AR-331-07; AR-331-08; PM Plumbing sys-tem design, Construc-tive design

8.8 Thermal Mass Drawing(s) showing the locations of water-based thermal mass systems and corresponding specifications

PD ME-001; ME-201; ME-012; AR-331-3-9; AR-321-1-5; AR-321-7-11; AR-321-13,15

8.9Grey Water Heat Recovery

Specifications for grey water heat recovery systems. Not used

9.1 Placement Drawing(s) showing the location of all vegetation and, if applicable, the movement of vegetation designed as part of an integrated mobile system.

Not used

9.2 Watering Restrictions Drawings showing the layout and operation of greywater irrigation systems

Not used

10.2SDE Sensors Location and wire routing

Drawing(s) showing the location of bi-directional meters, metering box, sensors, cables and feed-through to pass the instrumentation wires from the interior to the exterior of the house.

PD BAS-001, ID-001-005, PM Monitoring review (appliances, datasheets, user in-structions)



31


11.2Use of the Solar Decathlon Europe Logo

Drawing(s) showing the dimensions, materials, artwork, and content of all communications materials, including signage

Communication plan

11.3Teams sponsors & Supporting Institutions

Drawing(s) showing the dimensions, materials, artwork, and content of all communications materials, including signage

Communication plan

12.5 Team UniformDrawing(s) showing the artwork, content and design of the team uniform

Communication plan

12.6 Public TourDrawing(s) showing the public tour route, indicating the dimensions of any difficult point, complying with the accessibility requirements.

PD SO-316; HS-416, PM Health and safety

20.0Contest 6: Drying Method

Drawing(s) showing the drying Method. (ie the place where the clothes wire will be located)

No need for drying place (dryer)

20.0Contest 6: House Functioning

Drawing(s) showing the location of all the appliances and corresponding technical specifications.

PM Appliances report, Monitoring review

36.5Photovoltaic systems design

Specifications of PV generators, inverters, wiring, cables, protections, earthing systems, interface with the electricity distribution network.

PM Engineering and construction design narrative


Inverters certificatesPM Engineering and construction design narrative


Maintenance plan for PV generators, supporting structure, inverters, wiring, cables, protections and earthing system

PD SO-315; HS-415


The corresponding table design summary must be filled out

PM Engineering and construction design narrative; Photovoltaic checklist

51.3 Fire SafetySpecifications for Fire Reaction of Constructive elements, extinguishers and fire resistance of the houses structure.

PM 02.2.7, PM Struc-tural Calculations

51.3 Fire SafetyDrawings showing compliance with the evacuation of occupants requirements and fire extinguishers location.

PD FP-001

51.4 Safety against fallsSpecifications of compliance with the slipperiness degree classes of floors included in House tour

PD SO-316; HS-416 ; PM Site operation plan; Health and safety

51.4 Safety against falls

Drawing(s) showing compliance with conditions for uneven flooring, floors with different level, Restricted Areas stairs, Public Areas Staircases,Restricted Areas Ramps and Public Areas Ramps

PD SO-303-315; HS-403-415; HS-504; ST-335-339

51.4Safety for avoiding trapping and impact risk

Drawing(s) showing compliance with conditions for avoiding trapping and impact risk

PD SO-303; SO-306; SO-308; SO-412-413; HS-403; HS-408; HS-504

51.4Safety against the risk of inadequate lighting

Specifications for level of illumination of house tour areas light fittings

PD SO-303-315; HS-401-414; PM Site operation plan; Health and safety



32


51.5 AccessibilityInterior and exterior plans showing the entire accessible tour route

PD SO-316; HS-416; PM Site operation plan; Health and safety

51.6 Structural SafetySpecifications for the use of dead loads, live loads, safety factors and load combinations in the structural calculations

PD SO-30;, SO-306; SO-308; SO-412; SO-413; HS-403; HS-408; HS-504; PM Site operation plan; Health and safety; PM Struc-tural Calculations 3.2.

51.7 Electrical SystemSpecifications of the wiring, channels, panels and protections of the electrical installation

"PD PV-001; PV-002; PV-011; PV-012; PV-013 PV-014; PV-015; PV-021; PV-022; PV-023; PV-031 PV-032; EL-401; EL-601"

51.7 Electrical SystemOne-line electrical diagram and drawings showing the grounding, execution and paths

PD EL-501 - EL-504


contest suPPort Documents

21 01 Architecture Design Narrative46 02 Engineering and Construction Design Narrative221 03 Energy Efficiency Design Narrative322 04 Communications Plan460 05 Industrialization and Market Viability Reports511 06 Innovation Report512 07 Sustainability Report

CONTESTSUPPORTDOCUMENTS

ProJect mAnuAl #06 | uPDAte construction DocumentAion oDooProJect | buDAPest university of technology AnD economics


2101 Architecture Design nArrAtive


22 01. 1 Architectural Concepts36 01. 2 Reconfigurable features38 01. 3 Lighting Design Narrative

01 ARCHiTECTUREDESiGNNARRATiVE

contest suPPort Documents

Project Manual #07


01. 1ARCHiTECTURALCONCEPTS23 01. 1. 1 Considerations behind the concept25 01. 1. 2 Main goals26 01. 1. 3 Geometry29 01. 1. 4 Use of space30 01. 1. 5 Interior design32 01. 1. 6 The terrace33 01. 1. 7 Active & passive design strategies

01. 1 ARCHiTECTURAL CONCEPTS



01. 1. 1 CONSiDERATiONS BEHiND THE CONCEPTSustainable construction and the use of renewable energy sources have become central topics of public interest. This interest is part of a global trend of consciousness around everything that is green, eco and bio labelled, sustainable, renewable or healthy. People want to live in a passive house, pay for the utility bills and do something for their environment. This trend has an effect on the construction industry as well. Almost every major manufacturer puts great emphasis in their corporate communication to highlight how environmentally friendly their products and manufacturing technology are. A number of rating systems have been developed to certify the sustainability of products. Sustainability itself has become an industry and a marketable product. Product manufacturers suggest the illusion in their corporate communication, that solely by building from sustainable materials or using energy efficient equipment people are automatically leading a sustainable life. They suggest that sustainability is some kind of a technological treatment ready to buy, without the need to change of lifestyle. We believe that we cannot life a sustainable life without a changing habits or lifestyle. Statistics show that people living in western countries spend 95% of their time in indoor conditioned spaces. This piece of data in itself raises several questions about our current way of life. We need a lot of space for the amount of time spent indoors. These spaces need to be built. We can build if from any material we choose, it will be a lot of wasted material and energy. These large spaces need to be operated: this means heaiting, cooling, lighting and ventilation all of which may also lead to consuming a lot of energy. Are we really more comfortable in a needlessly spacious mansions in the urban sprawl? Do we really need the conditioned artificial streets of huge shopping malls? If we only built conditioned spaces that we really need and spent a part of our daily activities outside we could really contribute to sustainability. Our current way of life causes other problems, too. By spending so much time indoors, we miss the impressions and stimuli we are accustomed to in the millions of years of evolution. There are no more sounds and noises. Smells are missing, the sun doesn't burn our face and our hair is not ruffled by wind. It is proven that the absence of these patterns makes us frustrated and has negative effects on our health too. The biggest problem is losing the connection with the natural environment above all, while sustainability is nothing more than to live in harmony with nature. In Odooproject we try to offer a new alternative framework with the help of our house for a more sustainable, healthier lifestyle. We wanted to design a house, where we can spend as much time under the open sky as possible. A house, in which we can develop an intensive contact with our environment, where the orbit of the sun, the weather and the change of the seasons are determining the rhythm of our personal life as well. We wanted to design a small house to save energy and materials, and an intensively used outdoor living area, to provide as spacious living area as possible.



Mainly the traditional Hungarian lifestyle served as inspiration for the design process. Hungary traditionally has a varied climate and four seasons to adapt to. The winter is cold, temperatures are often 15 'Celsius below zero and snow covers the landscape, while the summer heat of 35 degrees is not uncommon. The transitional periods of spring and autumn are rather long. Traditionally very few tools were available to the control the environment compared to current possibilities. The lifestyle and architecture adapted naturally to the circumstances. In the long cold winter one had to spend most of the time indoors. Our forefathers lived in small houses, where they had just been able to save themselves from the winter. The small houses were cheaper to build, it was easier to heat them. To attain good thermal insulation and heat storage they built thick walls and small windows, as up-to-date building materials were unknown. In summer, they lived under the open sky when the weather permitted. They were working, cooking, taking a rest outdoors. A typical element of this lifestyle was the so-called summer kitchen. They were cooking outside, because in the summer sun heating the house further with a fire would have been pointless. Would it make sense to inhale smoky air in small, dark interior spaces? The Odoo is a design concept to create a new type of living space which combines the benefits of traditional Hungarian lifestyle and modern, contemporary comfort conditions using the advances of modern technology and answering the question on sustainable housing.



01. 1. 2 MAiN GOALS

Our goal was to design a house, where as much time as possible can be spent outdoors leading a new sustainable way of life. We created the possibility that the indoor activities could be carried out at the greatest level of comfort outdoors too to create an intensively used outside living space. We designed outside functional units; summer kitchen, dining room, sitting and resting areas and we provide adequate lighting and shading as well.

Our goal was to design a house with an easily recognizable character. We believe that especially in our region only an easily identifiable, iconic building can call peoples attention to the need of lifestyle change and helps the spread of renewable technologies on the market.Since the building will be presented to the widest possible audience, an important goal was define the Odoo not only as a residential building but an easily presentable pavilion as well.

We are aiming for the best possible use of solar energy. The building geometry is ideally optimized for both active and passive solar energy utilization. It was important for us to integrate the solar panels to the structural system and architectural character of the house as closely as possible. We were focusing on the passive solar design and the energy-efficiency criteria.

We made sure that any materials, products that build up the house, meet the technology needs and have the smallest possible ecological footprint at the same time. Wherever possible, we tried to use local materials and products.



01. 1. 3 GEOMETRYThe main design goals of outdoor living, ideal utilization of solar energy, and easy presentation together determined the geometry of the house. The house has three main components: a conditioned residential units, a terrace, and the southern side multi-functional wall, or the "summer wall" as we call it. The three parts make up a single unit in its system and appearance too.

conDitioneD living unitThe conditioned living unit contains all the all the functionality required by the SD Rules: bedroom, living room, kitchen, bathroom and a mechanical room accessible from the outside. It was important to create the minimum area of indoor living space allowed be the rules. Accordingly, the bath, mechanical room and the kitchen are organized in a block, while the bedroom, dining and living room form a unitary space in a flexible form.

The residential unit has a south facing glass facade with sliding doors overlooking the terrace. The southern glazed surface provides the illumination of the house and the connection between indoor and outdoor living areas. The large glass area results in a major solar gain, which allows the building to utilize passive solar heating. The highest possible top surface of the housing unit is covered with solar cells, so the roof of the building represents the primary active energy-producing surface.

terrAce The terrace is an intensively used outer living space surrounded by the conditioned living unit, and the summer wall. Partly fixed shading creates an area of transition between inside and outside. The outdoor pairs of the interior functions are available optionally: places of cooking, eating and resting. The required functional units are concealed in the summer wall.

summer wAllThe summer wall is a unique component of the Odoo, which hosts a number of different features. It designates the space of the terrace, and incorporates the blocks necessary for the flexible use of the summer kitchen and summer living space. The southern side of the wall is covered with thin-layer solar modules to complement the roof solar panel surface.The missing footprint in the conditioned living unit was found in the summer wall to host the mechanical and electrical equipment.

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It was important both theoretically and aesthetically that all equipment needed would be hosted either in the mechanical room or the summer wall and not included in a separate box next to the building. Accordingly, the electrical switchboard, mechanical units and large tanks required by passive cooling system are placed here.

shAPe AnD chArActerThe shape of the building was basically determined by the concept to represent the unity of exterior and interior spaces. The pronounced appearance draws attention to itself.

The solar panels are perhaps the most important element of the house as the symbol of solar energy use. Rather than being merely a technological accessory mounted to the roof, the solar panels on the Odoo become dominant aesthetical and architectural elements defining the appearance of the house. The wall and roof cover boards of the house are black like the solar panels. Their layout match in dimensional coordination. The black finish has another advantage in addition to the integration of solar cells. It serves as an awareness-raising feature because hardly any black residential buildings are found in Hungary.

The terrace is like the pair of the interior space in shape and size. Together they constitute an equilibrated floorplan. The Odoo and the terrace are both formed by the single line distorting the orthogonal coordinate system of the rectangular floorplan. The two self-complementing trapezoids of the house and the terrace symbolizes their unity and difference as well. The diagonal line is resulting in diverse, dynamic spaces both interior and exterior. The line of eaves of the facade separating the house and the terrace is horizontal. The low-angle of the roof is sloping toward this horizontal line. The top of the summer wall is the continuation of the roof plane. So the four corners of the Odoo are each different in height because of the skewed floor plan system.The result is an interesting form, where the conditioned living unit and the summer wall are not two separate elements, but as a single form. It is like one single object, displayed as a black body with the space of the terrace carved out. Without the inclination of the roof and the oblique line of the floor plan the unity of the two parts wouldn't be apparent, one would see just a house with a thick wall in front of it.



structure AnD trAnsPortBeside the architectural concepts, the requirements of transportation and rapid construction determined the structural design, influenced the architectural appearance and exact geometry of the Odoo. To speed up and facilitate assembly we decided ship the building to Madrid in four highly prefabricated modules movable by crane. To simplify the assembly and the installation of mechanical fixtures, kitchen, bathroom and mechanical room are placed in one module next to each other.

The four modules are different in shape and height because of the geometry of the Odoo. The geometry and shapes set the maximal height of the largest module together with the inclination limit of the roof by the rood transport size limits.

Individual rigid boxes are necessary for the lifting process, so the southern edges of the modules have columns in absence of walls. These columns appear as a division of the southern glass facade, and modify the original architectural concept, and impose a limit to the size of the sliding doors and the maximum size of an undivided frontal opening. Glued laminated solid wood panels are used as the structure of the building. This structure results in rigid boxes due to the solid walls appropriate for transportation. The structure suits the non-orthogonal geometry well and are of no difficulty to design the details. This material makes it possible to use a similar layer order on the floor, walls and roof, and to design simple details facilitating the construction of the building

In addition to technical advantages of the laminated panels, another argument of a wooden structure was our original intention to build a house with a wooden structure. Wherever possible we designed to use wooden elements all over the Odoo; from the external and internal structure to the finishes, from the furniture to the structure of the ramp, because wood is the only 100% renewable, recyclable and reusable building material we have. Wood is living material. Working with wood is an experience different from other materials, a more human one. And we wanted to have the team working on a wooden building.

The modules are complemented with steel structure and a temporary steel bracing for the period of transport to withstand the extra loads caused by shipping and lifting. The structure of the summer wall is made of glued laminated wooden panels similar to the house. The terrace built on the spot using manually movable elements.More details in the "02 Engineering and Construction Design Narrative" on page 46.



01. 1. 4 USE OF SPACE

The major novelty of the Odooproject lies in the concept of innovative use of space. Every activity can be carried out inside and outside as well. The environment is adaptable as the user can also adapt to the changes of the environment. We avoided the mechanical copy of indoor spaces when we designed the exterior living area as it is impossible to create the same conditions inside and outside. We always tried to offer a new experience instead to exploit the possibilities of outdoor living.

The spaces of the house are used in different intensities in different seasons as it was normal even in the traditional Hungarian lifestyle. We spend most of our winter in the heated house and we mostly stay on the terrace in summer. The spring and autumn transition periods or on the summer evenings when the weather permits, two parts of the space will be indeed a common area by opening the sliding doors.

External and internal living spaces complement each other, they form a single unit. The boundary between inside and outside is not the division between terrace and the conditioned living unit, but between the living space and the outside world as clearly expressed by the contrast of the exterior, black shell and the white cladding of the terrace and the interior surfaces. An interesting dichotomy can be observed in the spacial relations of the Odoo. On one hand each part of the interior connects directly the open living space of the terrace visually and physically by opening the sliding doors. On the other hand, the diagonal glass facade gradually appends the ever more private and closed spaces starting from the outside open world and continuing to the covered exterior spaces and the internal community space, until finally reaching the most private element of the array of spaces, the bedroom.

winter spring \ autumn summer

parallel space spiral space

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The external and internal living spaces are formed along the same concept. We have created spaces free of walls or other immobile elements, which can be manipulated by mobile and flexible built-in furniture, lighting and shading. The unity of the two parts is expressed by the use of the same colours and materials and the integration of built-in functions as furniture integrated in the walls.

Great advantage of open spaces that Odoo doesn't not only serve as a dwelling but also performs very well as an exhibition pavilion. After the contest, the building can be used to accommodate various new features. The accommodation of variable features significantly extend the lifespan of Odoo, and thus we create a more sustainable building.

01. 1. 5 iNTERiOR DESiGNThe interior space have a double focal point. It builds on the contrast of furniture standing in free space is and built-in furniture integrated into the wall.

built-in furnitureThe interior walls are covered with wooden panelling board painted white. We were looking for a slightly translucent paint on which the natural pattern of veins sees through. The natural wood transforms the neutral white walls into living, homey surfaces, while avoids the overuse of natural wood unusual to Hungarian people.



Built-in cupboards fitting fully into the casing the system were designed on the north wall. Here you will find the necessary storage areas - the hall closet and garderobe - the bookcase in the living room, dining cabinet and a workstation as well. When you do not need them, these features are hidden behind a sliding door. They become a defining element of the moods and functions in the space softening the white surfaces of the interior with the natural wood finishes.

The built-in kitchen cabinet, fits the interior finish like the rest of the built-in furniture, built-in kitchen appliances have the same cover. The surfaces of the wooden supporting structure are not hidden behind sliding doors unlike the built-in furniture of the northern wall. Proper illumination is essential both in the kitchen, and at the workstation. To ensure this, two windows were cut in north wall of the house.

mobile furnitureMobile furniture is used to ensure the flexible use of space. The use of simple mobile furniture is justified by market considerations. There is no style, ambience and furniture, which would appeal to everyone. The mobile furniture can be easily replaced the b infinite number of products selected from the market to one's ideal. The interior gets a new look by a change and the built-in white furniture provide a sufficiently neutral background.

lightingLight is the most obvious means to dynamically change the room ambiance, because light makes us the perception of space possible. Different types of lighting are combined in the Odoo to fit the actual mood and ambiance of the user. All the lighting is sunk in the ceiling and the built-in furniture, and space is formed by light and not the lamps in the space.More details in the "01. 3 Lighting Design Narrative" on page 38.

floorThe floor is covered with soft gray ceramic tiles. We first thought of a white surface here as well, but the darker tone gives a more pleasant sense, it is not dazzling and improves the heat-absorbing ability of the floor. The use of ceramic tiling is primarily motivated by the high heat conduction of the material, because the floor has an important role in the utilization of passive solar energy and underfloor heating is also used.

ceilingApart from architectural aspects also other factors contributed the ceiling design. It acts as a radiant cooling surface and a well-performing acoustical ceiling was also needed. For these reasons, only ceiling board structure have been considered. As a residential building is better suited to a homogeneous ceiling than any board ceiling, a narrow notched banded model was chosen where the seams are only slightly visible in one direction. Its material is white MDF, which has excellent heat transfer capability, yet is made of wood, fits well the white walls of wood panelling.More details in the "02 Engineering and Construction Design Narrative" on page 46.



01. 1. 6 THE TERRACEThe terrace as the most intensively used living space of the house is defined by the hosting of two functional units: the summer kitchen and the rest area.

Like the built-in furniture in the interior the summer kitchen rest area are hidden behind sliding doors. By sliding the doors with a single move they can be used immediately, or furniture can be pulled out to convert the terrace into a real living space. The northern wall of the summer wall facing the terrace has the same white board cover as the interior. Floors are also in line with the interior, with the choice of ceramic tiling. The special demands of the exterior space we decided for an open joint cladding.

SUMMER KITCHENThe summer kitchen reflects the combination of modern and traditional way of life the most clearly. Since it is not just a simple garden with barbecue place suitable for an occasional family gathering, everything that may be required for daily cooking can be found here. There are taps and sink, a comfortable surface, storage space for the vessels and stocks, selective garbage collector bins and electricity. The induction cooktop and stove play an important role, because they serve as a base for preparing diverse dishes. Many household appliances - for example the fridge, oven, dishwasher - can only be found inside. It would be a waste of resources doubling them.

The dining table can be pulled on the terrace from under the kitchen surface with a single move. In closed state the mobile fireplace is also under the table. To cook in a pot on open fire is still a living Hungarian tradition. The fireplaces can be used for the conversations around the fire, even during meetings and not only during cooking. The view and natural ventilation of the summer kitchen is ensured by the grid openings



RESTING AREAThe resting area is a little nook where you can find retreat, or just use the furniture on the terrace. A pull-out bench and small table, custom designed convertible armchairs are contained and shelves for personal objects, a power outlet for a laptop or tape recorder. The elongated grid openings provide natural ventilation just like in the summer kitchen. The convertible armchairs called paq chair were designed by Geza Csire young Hungarian designer. They are ideal and youthful furniture for the terrace.. It can be converted to a mattress in one touch and can be stored in the summer wall. They can serve as a mattress of the sofa of as a bed for occasional guests as well.

01. 1. 7 ACTiVE & PASSiVE DESiGN STRATEGiES

As highlighted in the main goals of our design process we tried to make the most efficient use of solar energy. The building geometry is optimized to both active and passive solar energy utilization. Passive solar design and energy-efficiency criteria were both considered.Here is just a brief description given of design principles and the systems used. In the Energy Efficiency Design Narrative and the Engineering and Construction Design Narrative we are discussing them in more details.



solAr energy useThe building's primary energy-producing area is the roof, which was covered with mono-crystalline solar cells. Because of the six-degree slope of the roof it is especially efficient in producing electricity in the summer. The summer wall also plays an important role in the energy production of the house. The active solar surfaces facing south were doubled by the creation of the summer wall, so we have the possibility to exploit the heat gains through the southern facade of the house and the solar cells of the southern side of the summer wall.

The vertical wall solar panels produce energy mainly in winter complementing perfectly the roof panels. As opposed to the mono-crystalline solar cells of the roof we chose thin-film solar cells on the summer wall with greater use of the scattered and reflected light. On the southern facing surfaces the building has huge solar gains used for the heating of the house in winter. In summer the interior has to be protected against overheating and we install an effective shading device for this purpose. More details in the "01. 3 Lighting Design Narrative" on page 38.

energy efficient enveloPeAn energy-efficient building envelope is the most important part of an energy efficient house. To prevent heat losses, continuous thickness of cellulose thermal insulation is used around the building, taking great care to develop details free of thermal bridges. Airtight shell to prevent air leakage was designed to minimize losses. We select a three-layer glazing for the south-facing, large glazed structure with improved thermal insulation and airtightness.

WINTER NIGHT

Thermal Storage

Floor Heating

WINTER DAY

Photovoltatic Panels

Thermal Storage

Heat Gaining Floor




PAssive heAting AnD coolingThe presence of required thermal mass is critical issue in the passive operation of the building. Since the house was designed as a lightweight construction for transportation reasons, the lack of thermal mass had to be addressed by substituting it. This is partly done by the relatively high thermal storage of the wooden structure and the concrete cover of the floor. The remainder of missing heat storage mass was replaced with water. The high heat capacity of water makes it a suitable mass substitute. Its great advantage is that shipping is not necessary as it is readily available everywhere and is easily disposed of once not needed and does not pollute the environment.

A unique, semi-passive cooling-heating system was developed. The thermal mass is provided in external insulated water tanks. The buffer tank connects the heating and cooling system of the house through a heat exchanger. In winter, heat from the glazed surface of the south is transported to the buffer tanks for heating the house with it in the evening. In summer, sprinkling the water on the roof on evenings we cool it down and operate a ceiling integrated cooling system during the day with the cooling capacity.

More details in the "02. 3 Plumbing System Design Narrative" on page 109 and the "03 Energy Efficiency Design Narrative" on page 221.

SUMMER NIGHT

Thermal Storage

Evaporative andRadiant Cooling

SUMMER DAY


Ceiling Cooling

Double Shading


Thermal Storage

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01. 2RECONFiGURABLEFEATURES

01. 2 RECONFiGURABLE FEATURES



Sliding doorsThe house have three glazed sliding doors on the southern facade. They serve as the entrance of the house, and by opening all of them we can create a strong connection between interior and exterior spaces.

Summer kitchenThe summer kitchen is located in the summer wall, behind sliding wooden doors. The dining table and the fireplace it contains can be moved to the terrace.

Outdoor relaxing areaThe relaxing area is located in the summer wall, behind sliding wooden doors. It contains a movable bench, table and armchairs. The armchairs are convertible to mattresses to store them below the bench.

Sliding wooden doors of the integrated furnitureWe use to hide several different functions behind the sliding doors of the integrated furniture of the northern wall such as the garderobe, workstation, storage, etc.

WorkstationThe workstation is integrated to the northern wall as. It have a foldable table inside as well.

Roll-up shadingIn front of the glazed facade we have a mobile textile shading system operated manually and by the building automation system as well, to prevent overheating.

Horizontal sun sailAbove the terrace we have a horizontal, fix shading device. It is possible to removed for the winter time in about 30 minutes. We don't plan to remove it during the contest weeks.

Glass shower cabin wallWhen its not necessary it is possible to fold the glass panel to the wall.

Foldable seatIn the bathroom, it is possible to fold a seat over the toilet.

Extractor hoodIn the kitchen it is possible to pull out the extractor hood over the electric hob.

Mechanical room doorThe mechanical rooms sliding doors are behind the opening facade cladding.

01. 2 RECONFiGURABLE FEATURES

Project Manual #07


01. 3LiGHTiNGDESiGNNARRATiVE39 01. 3. 1 Daylight Concept41 01. 3. 2 Artificial lighting

01. 3 LiGHTiNG DESiGN NARRATiVE



01. 3. 1 DAYLiGHT CONCEPTThe form and the spatial structure of the house was designed by taking into account the lighting conditions of the certain seasons and certain times of the day. The solar access and natural light was examined in coordination with the energy operation of the house. The residents live inside during the winter, and basically outside during the summer. Therefore, natural lighting was optimized for the use of the interior at wintertime and basically for the terrace on summertime.

At winterThe house's glass facade, facing South-East lets enough light into the interior throughout the year. In the morning hours the rising sun shines at the bedroom and the kitchen-dining room, creating a pleasant atmosphere to start the day. During the day due to the low sun positions the entire room has solar access. However, the simulations showed that in cloudy weather there is not enough light in the kitchen and the working area. Therefore, we decided to build windows in the Northern wall, which let homogeneous and diffuse light to our working surfaces. In the afternoon due to the shorter track of the sun, the winter sunset can be seen from the living room.

01. 3 LiGHTiNG DESiGN NARRATiVE

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At summerOn summer mornings the first rays of the day reach the terrace. The sunny, outdoor summer kitchen is a pleasant place to prepare breakfast. During the day, the summer wall and the terrace's shading protects from the dazzling sunshine. In the early evenings the sunsets can be enjoyed from the summer resting area.



glAzingIn energy terms 3-layered Low-E glazing is used. It was important to ensure the visual relation between the inside and outside places. The use of solar glass, the harness of passive solar energy have been discarded due to their poor colour reproduction. Our water-clear glasses let through 53% of the light. In the bathroom's windows transparent, acid-burnt glasses were used to avoid any disturbing insight.

shADingAt the design of the house's shading we also had a double goal. The optimal sun-protection of the interior, the regulation of light during the whole year, and the shading of the terrace during the summer.

In front of our glass facade a vertical external shading system will be installed. This is a fully automated system, with which the users can control the amount of light entering the house. We decided to use fabric shade surfaces. Blade systems were discarded due to the scale and architectural character of the house.At winter, the pulled up blinds let the direct sun shines in the house. In the evening they control the disturbing insight from the street. In autumn and spring they are able to protect the house from overheating and from disturbing dazzling, without any further supporting system.

In the summer, fixed solar shading sails can be mounted over the terrace. This, together with the summer wall can cover the major part of the terrace. Here too, our original idea was to use an automated mobile system, but we did not find a product, which was acceptable from the architectural point of view. The solar sail is a simple, durable, aesthetically pleasant solution, besides it can be quickly mounted and dismantled. 20% of the light can pass through, thus creating pleasant light conditions both indoors and outdoors. The vertical and horizontal shields protect the house even in the warmest weather.

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The simulations have shown that the interior of the house is the brightest at the bedroom and it is darker in the kitchen's direction. To avoid this, in front on the bedroom low-light transmission fabric was used, meanwhile towards the kitchen the material's transmission is higher. The fabric material was chosen from the Soltis product line of the Ferrari factory. These products also provide the necessary view from the house besides good sun protection.

01. 3. 2 ARTiFiCiAL LiGHTiNGintroDuctionDuring the design of Odoos lighting system we considered two major aspects. Naturally one of them was energy efficiency as it takes 15-30% of electric energy consumption of a household today. In this respect, the low consumption indicates an efficient system, but heat losses are equally important because they appear as an extra negative effect since we have to cool the house.

On the other hand the purpose of the lighting system is to create a home from a house. The lights, colours and the lighting conditions determine the way we feel both by day and after sunset. We must not sacrifice these aspects in order to create a more efficient home.

Last but not least lighting should highlight architectural concept, show forms and organize spaces.

Based on the previous we built our lighting system on LED technology. Though there are some experts who say LED probably will not be able to replace all kind of light sources and solve all lighting tasks in the future, it is obviously the most promising direction in this field and a solar house should respond to this fact.

At the end we decided to use solely led light sources, because it is the best choice regarding energy efficiency and concerning the improvements in this field we think shortly its technological disadvantages will disappear.

whAt obvious benefits come with leD light sources?First is long lifetime. The life of a high-power white LED is projected to be from 35,000 to 50,000 hours, compared to 750 to 2,000 hours for an incandescent bulb, 8,000 to 10,000 hours for a compact fluorescent and 20,000 to 30,000 hours for a linear fluorescent bulb. Besides this facts impact on environment it also eliminates the need for routine bulb replacement.

Another important benefit is efficiency and lower temperature. The key strength of LED lighting is reduced power consumption. Conventional light bulbs waste most of their energy as heat. For example, an incandescent bulb gives off 90 percent of its energy as heat; while a compact fluorescent bulb wastes 80 percent as heat. LEDs remain way cooler which we have already mentioned how important is, it gives off only 5 percent of its energy as heat.

why we use leD toDAyEven today LED is a valid option for many purposes, and we decided to use solely LED. The reason of this decision is that though the technology has some disadvantages it is developing fast. Todays biggest problem is colour reproduction, but using different colours it seems to be possible to create a LED light source which is (regarding CRI) almost as good as a light bulb.



how we use leD light sources toDAyHere we come to an interesting point because this is a very important architectural design aspect for us. While every technical solution has a certain way to use them LEDs are usually used in retrofit bulbs, spots or tubes. Of course these solutions and products have their advantages today, but in the future retrofit probably will disappear. While we were designing Odoo we wanted to use LED as they should be used in the future.

Beside todays retrofit solutions we wanted to discover the inherent possibilities of this technology which gives us light sources with extremely small dimensions and produces less heat. Because of these characteristics LED can be placed where no other light source was placed before.

lighting system of oDooSince the architectural concept entails a spacious interior free from isolating walls, lighting receives the task of dividing and communicating between areas. Our goal is to create a compact lighting system, which allows flexible usage. We want to use lights for defining different spaces and moods for different functions in the Odoo. To achieve this we use different types of light sources in the living space: General lighting, highlights and ambient lights. Varying these we can create various illuminations which meet various needs.

Table 01. 3. 1. Requirements for illumination

room illumination colour temperature other characteristics

general 2-300 lx 4000K dimmable

workstation 500 lx 4000K even

kitchens 300 lx 4000K colour reproduction

dining room 300 lx 3000K colour reproduction

living room 300 lx 3000K

bedroom 200 lx 3000K

living room (outside) 200 lx 3000K

We had to find the architecturally proper applications that can really fit to LEDs advantages. Finally we decided to design a completely integrated system recessed to the ceiling and combined retrofit solutions with integrated led strips. It contains blocks of light sources which can be controlled as detached lamps, so we can illuminate even separated functional spaces or the whole house. As there are few objects to terminate and compose the space, we can use the lighting system to substitute those physical functions.A reason to recess all light sources is to avoid the inconvenient effect caused by the lamps mounted on the bevelled ceiling.

Different light tyPes for DifferentIn this ceiling we use two types of light sources. Besides general lighting we also placed light sources to highlight certain functional spots such as dining table, coffee table or bedroom. We placed task lights to the outlier functional units of the interior space, the kitchen, summer kitchen, workstation and outside living room. After this all, we applied ambient lights in the wardrobes.



insulation

spot lamp (highlight)

LED strip (general lighting)

diuse coverceiling panel

cooling system

housing

Variation for recessed lighting cross section (discarded)

General lightingFor general light we use 27m LED strips with a beam angle of 120. With this characteristic it casts almost no shadow and it is able to create uniform illumination. This general lighting as it doesnt have to stand for any special work situation will be able to cast 250-300lx of light. The colour temperature is 4000K. This is slightly higher than a regular bulb and similar to the late-afternoon sunlight. Beside this cooler colour temperature is usually more efficient regarding LEDs.

Its function is to decrease shadows and to lower contrasts. It fills the space with light, lights walls, creates indirect illumination and increases comfort.The LED strips are integrated into the acoustical casing of the ceiling. We designed two solutions to integrate them. In the first scenario the gaps are broadened above the place where we positioned the strips.

On the other hand we designed another solution mainly because energy-efficiency was not sufficient in this case and moved the LED strips forward into the ceilings plane. In this case we positioned the lamps in the place of the acoustic panels ribs. The result is more uniform lights, less built in strip and which is the main aspect 50% less energy consumption.

The light sources are mounted in aluminium housing that conduct the heat generated backwards by the LEDs, because though we dont use high-power LEDs, - proper cooling is still very important in order to achieve long lifetime.

insulation

LED strip (general lighting)

diuse coverceiling panel

spot lamp (highlight)

cooling system

housing

Cross section of the final design of the integrated lighting in the ceiling



HighlightsTo highlight important points of the house we use spot lamps with a small beam angle and a high luminous power. The function of these spots is to underline functions and enhance illumination at the main points of the house. This can nicely work with general lighting and emphasize the tables and the bed with higher illumination. On the other hand with less background lighting the spots can fully isolate these functional spaces and create a small intimate space around us.

It has a warmer colour temperature then general lighting and it cannot be changed. It is not even dimmable because it does not cast light to work or other activities it just creates a space and an atmosphere.

These spot lamps are applied above the dining table, in the living room and in the bedroom. One module consumes 10W and we have placed 6 of these lamps in the interior.

Functional unitsThe outlier functional units: the kitchen, summer kitchen, workstation and outside living room are illuminated in a different way. First there are some functional requirements which are very important. Both kitchen boxes are illuminated evenly with LED strips considering colour reproduction - its really important because meat should not look green in the kitchen (at least if its still good). The CRI of the applied LED strips is 95. Though it is not as good as an ordinary light bulb, it is outstanding regarding todays LEDs.



control system As PotentiAl

We control the lights with DALI system with which we can vary the light conditions with the uniquely addressed lamps and strips in the ceiling. With DALI we can set up pre-programmed lighting scenarios for the house. Most of the lights are dimmable in the house and by combining this feature with DALI system it is possible to save a huge amount of electric energy during sunset and at night.

SummaryFirst of all the lighting system of Odoo is a highly energy efficient and innovative design. We tried to maximize the utilization of natural light; then for artificial light we used efficient LED light sources, we designed them dimmable and intelligently controlled. We made great effort to combine user-friendly retrofit solutions with innovative, integrated lighting system in the ceiling.

But the main merit of this system is the high comfort level we can achieve through this lighting design. We can create various type of illumination; we can choose the best artificial light conditions for work, for our daily routine and for resting as well. We also can determine our spaces through the lights and so we created a highly flexible interior this way.

Though all the built in light sources together could consume slightly over 750W in the interior space this scenario practically just cannot happen, but it does make possible to achieve high and extremely even illumination. Even in the most wasting scenario it consumes less than an average lighting system today.

Analysis of general lighting system light in relux. Even without the highlighting spots and tasklights the general lighting is enough to create high illumination levels


02 engineering AnD construction Design nArrAtive

47 02. 1 Structural Design Narrative73 02. 2 Constructive Design Narrative109 02. 3 Plumbing System Design Narrative114 02. 4 Electrical System Design119 02. 5 Photovoltaic Systems Design Narrative154 02. 6 Electrical Balance Simulation193 02. 7 Solar Thermal Design Narrative199 02. 8 Building Integrated Solar Active Systems Design Narrative212 02. 9 Building automatization system design Narrative

02 ENGiNEERiNG AND CONSTRUCTiON DESiGN NARRATiVEcontest suPPort Documents

Project Manual #07


02. 1STRUCTURALDESiGN48 02. 1. 1 Development of the supporting structure65 02. 1. 2 Presentation of the selected structural system

02. 1 STRUCTURAL DESiGN NARRATiVE

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02 EnginEEring and ConstruCtiondEsign narrativE

02. 1. 1 DEVELOPMENT OF THE SUPPORTiNG STRUCTURE

1 structurAl PrinciPlesThe Solar Decathlon competition led us to design a structure, which notably differs from the traditionally Hungarian - typically silicate-based - residential buildings. The fact that we design an easily transportable lightweight house which has to be assembled and disassembled multiple times, transported on public roads, and lifted up by cranes - claims specific requirements.

In the initial phase of the structural design, houses of the previous SD competitions were deeply studied in many aspects - especially those regarding transportation in order to learn from the mistakes and the advantages of each option. During the Odoo design process we pay attention so that all decisions must be consistent, and we only take major decisions after having consulted teachers or professionals.

Odoo was to be designed in the framework of principles that technically leads us to be among the best of the competitors, while the houses spirit would stay in harmony with the architectural, cultural, environmental, economic, and industrial background of Hungary.

The main requirements for Odoos structure are the following: stability transportation craning assembly/disassembly availability / sponsorship price durability environmental effects

2 selection of the suPPorting structure's mAteriAlWhen selecting the supporting structures materials, the main aspects were the following: Low environmental impact; Being economic by using cheap, local resources; Staying in harmony with Hungarian traditions.

To decide consequently, we compared materials which are used and easily available in Hungary, and we made our decision after the evaluation. The compared materials were clay, wood, steel and reinforced concrete.

ClayClay has significant traditions in the Hungarian vernacular architecture. It is made from pure clay and granular and fibrous additives. Clay could be used in the vertical supporting structure. It has a low environment impact, it is easily malleable or can be cast into panels, which can function well a wall structure, or thermal / vapour buffer. The disadvantages are numerous; transportation, durability, moisture sensitivity, etc. We have studied the possibility of constructing the whole house, or just certain parts from clay.

02. 1 STRUCTURAL DESiGN NARRATiVE

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SteelSteel structure is not typical in the traditional Hungarian architecture; it has only been used recently, mainly at industrial buildings. Steel has good physical attributes, can be prefabricated precisely, although the production takes a lot of energy. Due to its very good heat conductivity it is complicated to free the steel shell from the thermal bridges. We have studied the possibility of using a light, steel-framed construction system, which would employ hot-dip galvanized steel profiles.

Reinforced concreteThis material has good physical attributes for any structure in Odoos size. It is widely used in Hungary, even in residential buildings. The high density equals a heavy structure, which causes problems at the transportation and assembly. We have analysed a special prefabricated, insulated concrete panelled structure, which could be adapted in our case. See in "03. 4 Comprehensive Energy Analysis and Discussion Report Section II Influence of Energetic Analysis on House Design and Participation Strategy" on page 293.

TimberTimber constructions also have a long tradition in Hungary. Timber has positive physical features; good compressive and flexural strength, low thermal conductivity, low density, etc. Compared to other materials, it is cheap and renewable; therefore it meets the criteria of environmental awareness. In our eyes the main disadvantage of timber is that due to the exact and multiple assemblies the timber-timber connections cannot be considered, more likely the timber-steel or steel-steel ones, therefore steel connecting elements are needed in any timber structure.

ConclusionAfter a few simulations and consultations we finally decided to use timber as the main structural ma-terial. The main reasons are the good physical attributes, the local production, the low environmental impact and the respect for Hungarian traditions.

3 logistic bounDAriesOne of the significant problems during the structural design is transportability. We met several companies engaged in oversize transportation in order to get an accurate picture of our limitations and opportunities, as well as the price of our possible decisions.

In order to set up a good transportation strategy it was important to analyse the transporting solutions of previous SD competitors. Having learned from those lessons, we created a responsible competition strategy.

When we first approached the problem, we examined in which ways the transport is possible. Three options were evaluated: road transport, rail and barge transportation. Ultimately we - just like the majority of the teams - chose road transport due to its simplicity and price.

The house is transported from Budapest to Madrid, therefore at least five countries' authorities need to be consulted so that our trucks arrive to Madrid on time, without any problems.

To design the structure, transport issues create specific requirements; therefore we could only decide in the fundamental structural issues after getting an accurate picture on the normal, oversize and overweight data what can be transported on the roads.

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The transportable load dimensions on public roads are basically the same in Europe. Tunnels and overpasses are designed in respect of these dimensions. European tunnels have a maximal height of 4.50 meters (in some cases 4.70 m). Width limitations are depending on the road type. According to the dimensions of the best low bed trailer our transportation company could offer, the transportable load has a height maximum of 4.15 m.

Characteristics of the supporting structure in respect of the transportation The structure of the house should be transported in the fewest possible pieces to reduce extra on-site work, as well as the upcoming errors, correspondingly a high degree of prefabrication is the target; The module coordination of the supporting structure is influenced by the possible dimensions of the oversized transport; The structure must be craned. Accordingly, the structure must be designed to bear special dynamic loads, temporary reinforcements and crane connections must be provided. The shipping cost is quite variable, depending on the chosen solution; therefore it is recommended to stay close to the standard size limits.

4 frAgmentAtion of the suPPorting structureMeeting the above-mentioned goals - namely, prefabrication to the highest extent and simultaneously minimize on-site assembly - depends on the manner of cutting the supporting structure. In this respect, it would be ideal if the whole house could be transported in one piece, craned to its place and only minimal work was done on-site.

Three cases were analysed regarding the segmentation: A.) The house is put together from conventional building elementsThus, the transported load consists of small elements, but there is way too much on-site work. To assembly the structure precisely and accurately, probably more than 10 days are needed, which is not enabled by the competition rules.

B.) The house is flat-mountedIn this case, the prefabrication is advanced, but there is a considerable on-site installation work. If we intent to have minimal on-site work, we will have wall-size elements, moved and precisely placed by crane.

Figure 02. 1. 1.

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C.) The house is cut to prefabricated boxesThis solution would result in a few maximally prefabricated boxes with oversized transport dimensions. Having attached the skin, we only need to pay attention to the fine-tuning. This is the best solution regarding the implementation speed and the elimination of errors.

ConclusionAfter the evaluation of the possibilities we decided to cut the structure to boxes, inside of which everything is prefabricated, minimizing on-site assembly time and possible mistakes. The summer wall structure would also be cut into prefab boxes, while the terrace and ramp would to be flat-mounted structures.

5 the PrActicAl wAy of segmenting the structureThe segmentation of the house is a complex issue that has an impact on each professional field. In case of Odoo several specific problems are to be faced due to the house's length and width dimensions, the two-way slope of the roof and the fully glazed facade facing the front yard.

Figure 02. 1. 2.

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Figure 02. 1. 3.

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Complications: The building is too big in one or two pieces in Delivered - so it has to be cut into at Least three parts; Due to the building's low-pitched roof, the height of our trailer pushes the limits of the oversize load permitted on the roads in Europe; The facade of the front terrace - compared to the other walls - does not form right angles, which means that the sectioning creates special angles; The entire facade facing the patio consists of fixed and sliding doors, which are designed to be integrated in the boxes and transported this way; The boxes themselves are not rigid enough to withstand the load resulting from the transport and craning; therefore temporary bracings are necessary; The goal of the mechanical and electrical systems design is to have the least possible connections between the boxes, so the systems could physically be treated separately; The continuity of the air-tightening and vapour barrier of the building envelope and the continuity of the roof's water-tightness at the connecting edges should be ensured during the assembly.

Four the main structures segmentation, four possible options were studied and evaluated before the final decision had been made:

A.) Cutt

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