Project Initiation "The beginning is the most important part of the work." --Plato.
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Transcript of Project Initiation "The beginning is the most important part of the work." --Plato.
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Project Initiation
"The beginning is the most important part of the work." --Plato
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The importance of knowing your destination
Image derived from: The Annotated Alice. Illustration by John Tenniel. Copyright © 1960 by Martin Gardner.
Alice: “Would you tell me, please, which way I ought to go from here?”
Cat: “That depends a good deal on where you want to get to.”
Alice: “I don’t much care where.”
Cat: “Then it doesn’t matter which way you go.”
The lesson to be learned from this brief encounter is clear: before you can decide what to do, you must have a clear understand of what it is you want to accomplish.
In terms of project management: without a clear understanding of project objectives any planning will be ineffectual.
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Project Initiation and Planning
• Project Initiation– Determine destination. Define and get agreement on
project goals and objectives
• Project Planning– Devise a course of action for accomplishing the goals
and objectives decided on during project initiation
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The Primary Functions of Project Initiation
Preliminary Planning• Goals and objectives• Scope
Managing Expectations• Agreement on goals• Project success criteria
Authorizing the Project• Project justification• Assigning authority
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The Project Initiation Process
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The Project Charter
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Elements of a project charter
• Purpose – What problem or opportunity does the project address?
• Stakeholders – Who are the people with an interest in the outcome of the project? What are their needs and expectations. (Key stakeholders include: project sponsor, project manager, customer, and users.)
• Goals and Objectives – Goals and objectives define expected project outcomes. Objectives should be specific and measurable. Goals can be more grand and inspirational. Preliminary schedule and budget estimates.
• Features – Features are the main client-valued functions of a product.
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Goals Example
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Elements of a project charter [cont]
• Major milestones and deliverables – A milestone is a significant accomplishment during the life of a project. A deliverable is a tangible result.
• Financial Information – preliminary budget estimates for personnel and equipment.
• Constraints – limitations placed on the product or project.
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Elements of a project charter [cont]
• Scope – what is and is not included in the project?• Assumptions – does project success depend on
certain conditions outside of the control of the immediate project team? (Something you “wish” to be true, can’t be an assumption.)
• Success Criteria – what constitutes project success?
• Risks and obstacles to success – what are the potential problems (technical and non-technical) that may occur?
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Obtaining Formal Authority to Proceed
• A project is worth pursuing if it is:– Needed - addresses a legitimate business problem or
opportunity.– Feasible - there a high probability that the performing
organization can complete the project successfully.– Optimum - the project is the best use of available
resources.• Formal authority to pursue a project is granted
from a person or entity external to the project who is high enough in the organization to authorize the expenditure of resources towards the project.
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Example
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Communication Plan