PROGRSS REPORTEMBU

J.O.Ouma1, J.Oduol1,F.M.Murithi2

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1 Regional Research Centre – Embu2 KARI – Headquarters – Nairobi

Background to study area3 locations, 12 sub-locations and covers an area of 197.1 km2 . The study locations are Gaturi North and Ngandori . Kianjuki and Kavutiri extension units are in Gaturi North, while Mukangu and Manyatta are in Ngandori location. The major zones are UM1 and UM2. UM1 is the coffee – tea zone.

Background….cont’dIt lies at an altitude 1590m to 1830m above sea- level and annual rainfall is between 1400mm to 1830mm. Two rainy seasons – long rains (mid March to July) and short rains (mid October to December). The Climatic conditions are favorable for coffee, tea and maize.

Background….cont’d

Upper Midland 2(UM2) is the main coffee zone).

ACHIEVEMENTSRetracing of households, replacements and supplemental households

Implementation of surveys (module 1 part 1 and 2), data entry and cleaning and preliminary analysis

Tracing households

99 out of 113 households intereviewed in the baseline survey of 1998 were identified. Out of the 99 households identified, one migrated to a different location from the study area reducing the number of households traced to 98. This gives a sample attrition rate of 13.3%.

Tracing household…..cont’d

The 14 housholds that were not identified in Manyatta and Kianjuki extension units were replaced. In Kianjuki 11 households were replaced including 2 supplemental households while in Manyatta extension unit 4 households were replaced including 2 supplemental households. In Mukangu and Kavitiri extension units only supplemental households were added to the list of farmers to be interviewed.

Tracing households…..cont’d

The replaced households were randomly selected from a list of farmers generated for each sublocation by the local extension staff and sub-chiefs/sub-area .

Tracing of householdsExtn unit No hh

inter. 1998

No hh ident.

No hh avail 2002

No resp avail 2002

No resp. dead

No resp

separated with spouse

No resp Left hh

Manyatta 29 25 25 23 1 0 1

Kavutiri 29 29 29 25 1 1 2

Kianjuki 28 18 17 15 2 0 0

Mukangu

27 27 27 25 0 1 1

Total 113 99 98 88 4 2 4

Survey implementationModule 1questionnaire for long rains data 2002 was divided into two parts Questions covered in module one part 1- household demographics, assets, livelihood and shocks

116 farmers responded

Questions in module 1 part 2 - crop production(annual), livestock inventory,input and output market and consumption expenditure

115 farmers respondedOne farmer dropped out in part 2 because… ‘You are taking too much of my time and no benefit’

Survey data entry

Data entry for module 1 part 1 and 2 is complete and data cleaning in progress

The expenditure data was entered as a separate file and data cleaning is not complete

SURVEYPRELIMINARY RESULTS

Preliminary results

Gender of household(627 responses)

Males - 51% Female – 49 %

Level of education(626) None – 16.3 % Primary – 48.7 % Secondary – 27.0 % Middle level – 7 % University – 1 %

Type of dwelling house mud wall+thatched -0.9% mud wall+corrugated-

19.1% Wood wall+corrugated-

69.6 % Stone wall+corrugated –

10.4 %

Preliminary results…cont’d

Source of energy_____

Firewood- 67 %

Firewood +kerosene – 17.4 %

Firewood+charcoal – 12.2%

Firewood+solar – 0.9 %

Firewood+kerosene+gas – 2.6%

Source of water________

Tap – 54.4 %

River/stream – 22.8%

Borehole – 0.9 %

Tap + river – 21.1 %

Borehole +river – 0.9 %

Preliminary results….cont’dCrops grown

Crop counts %

Maize 164 30

beans 122 22.3

Irish potatoes 75 13.7

Sweet potatoes 21 3.8

Cassava 6 1.1

Kales 2 0.4

Cabbages 5 0.9

Tomatoes 5 0.9

na 146 26.7

Preliminary results…cont’dLivestock enterprise

Type yes no min max mean

cattle 68.7 31.3 0 3 1.0

sheep 13 87 0 6 0.3

goats 27.8 72.2 0 5 0.6

pigs 1.7 98.3 - - -

poultry 81.7 18.3 0 21 4.8

Preliminary results ….cont’dLand holding

min max mean

Total farm owned

0.05 5.31 1.02

Total farm cultivated

- 4.08 0.97

Preliminary results…cont’dcurrent land use

counts %

cultivated 170 87.2

fallow 7 3.6

pasture 10 5.1

woodlot 4 2.1

Napier grass 3 1.5

homestead 1 0.5

Preliminary results….cont’dLand allocation________ Maize 0.42 ha Beans 0.21 ha Irish potatoes 0.10 ha Others 0.29 ha

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Preliminary results…cont’soil fertility status

counts %

Has improved alot 49 11.9

Has improved little 195 47.3

Has not changed 86 20.9

Has deteriorated little 80 19.4

Has deteriorated alot 1 0.2

412

Preliminary results….cont’reasons for changes in fertility

counts %

Changed fallow practices 45 8.7

Changed fertilization practices 342 66.2

Increased soil erosion 33 6.4

Improved soil conservation 51 9.9

Continuous cultivation 8 1.5

Soils normally poor 21 4.1

Lack of manure 15 2.9

Preliminary resultsFinancial stockAccess to lending inst. Yes – 80.9 % No – 19.1 %

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Major lending institution is Cooperative

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Application for loan Yes – 43.5 % No – 56.5

Saving with formal banking inst

Yes – 74.8 % No – 25.2 %

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Average mount borrowed

KSH 2000-320,000

Mean – 45,585.17

Survey implementation – Module 2Pre-testing doneQuestionnaire divided into two partsPart 1 – food crops and perennial crop productionPart 2 – agroforestry trees production, household incomes, expenditures and investment

END