Progressivism Curing the Ills of Industrialization.

ProgressivismProgressivism

Curing the Ills of Curing the Ills of IndustrializationIndustrialization

Progressivism and ReformProgressivism and Reform

A.A. Progessivism and the Reform Movement Progessivism and the Reform Movement

1. With industrialization and the growth 1. With industrialization and the growth of cities, new social problems were of cities, new social problems were created.created.

a. “Social” dealing with societya. “Social” dealing with society

b. Some of the issues were pverty, poor b. Some of the issues were pverty, poor living conditions, poor health and nutrition, living conditions, poor health and nutrition, labor and work fairness, government labor and work fairness, government corruption, and class/race/gender issues.corruption, and class/race/gender issues.


B. B. MuckrakersMuckrakers

1. Journalists and photographers who 1. Journalists and photographers who were interested in reforming society, were interested in reforming society, and creating positive change for and creating positive change for those who lived in grave conditions.those who lived in grave conditions.

a. Wanted to expose the evils of a. Wanted to expose the evils of industrialization and povertyindustrialization and poverty


2. Muckrakers used magazines and 2. Muckrakers used magazines and newspapers to report on the ills of newspapers to report on the ills of society and usually focused on industrial society and usually focused on industrial corruption, government corruption, or corruption, government corruption, or general welfare of the urban poor.general welfare of the urban poor.

a. Famous Muckrakers:a. Famous Muckrakers:1. Ida Tarbel- Standard Oil 1. Ida Tarbel- Standard Oil

exposeexpose2. Jacob Riis- 2. Jacob Riis- How the Other Half How the Other Half

LivesLives3. Upton Sinclair- 3. Upton Sinclair- The JungleThe Jungle

Jacob RiisJacob Riis


The Jungle The Jungle - Excerpt- Excerpt

Read and discuss one paragraph at a Read and discuss one paragraph at a time!!time!!

Reforming SocietyReforming Society

C. Reforming SocietyC. Reforming Society

1. By 1920, more than half of Americans 1. By 1920, more than half of Americans lived in cities… this create a new set of lived in cities… this create a new set of social problems.social problems.

a. Housing in cities was atrocious, a. Housing in cities was atrocious, horrible sanitation, bad lighting, and horrible sanitation, bad lighting, and dangerous buildings.dangerous buildings.

1. 1. NY Tenement Act-NY Tenement Act- 1901, 1901, banned banned outhouses, required at outhouses, required at least 1 least 1 toilet per 2 families!toilet per 2 families!

Reforming SocietyReforming Society2. Reforming the Work Place2. Reforming the Work Place

a. Labor Unions (ex- Knights of Labor)a. Labor Unions (ex- Knights of Labor)1. International Workers of the 1. International Workers of the

World World (IWW)(IWW)a. “Big Bill” Haywooda. “Big Bill” Haywood

2. Amer. Federation of Labor (AFL)2. Amer. Federation of Labor (AFL)a. allowed only skilled workers!a. allowed only skilled workers!

b. Fight for the minimum wageb. Fight for the minimum wage1. Not passed nationally until 1938!1. Not passed nationally until 1938!

c. Workday hoursc. Workday hours1. Progressive leaders looking to 1. Progressive leaders looking to

limit to 10 hrs. at the time, limit to 10 hrs. at the time, some some small victories but small victories but again, no again, no national law national law until much later.until much later.


d. Safetyd. Safety

1. Triangle Shirtwaist Company 1. Triangle Shirtwaist Company FireFire

a. 1911a. 1911

b. 500 employees, 140 died.b. 500 employees, 140 died.

c. Doors were locked to c. Doors were locked to prevent theftprevent theft

d. Fire escape collapsed under d. Fire escape collapsed under the weight of panicked workersthe weight of panicked workers

e. Fire ladders could not reach!e. Fire ladders could not reach!

Reforming SocietyReforming Society3. Government3. Government

a. Corruption, inept leaders, and a. Corruption, inept leaders, and violence violence plagued national, state plagued national, state and local and local governments at this time!governments at this time!

1. Progressives started to run 1. Progressives started to run for for office in order to make office in order to make changes!changes!

ex- Tom Johnson, Mayor of ex- Tom Johnson, Mayor of ClevelandCleveland

* overhauled police, debt * overhauled police, debt changes, fair taxeschanges, fair taxes


2. Robert M. La Follette- Wis.2. Robert M. La Follette- Wis.

a. Pushed for campaign a. Pushed for campaign finance reform, finance reform,

and and commissions to commissions to oversee oversee transportation, taxes, and transportation, taxes, and

utility usage.utility usage.


b. Scandalb. Scandal1. 1. Political Machines-Political Machines- groups of politicians and groups of politicians and

city city leaders exchanging jobs, favors and contracts leaders exchanging jobs, favors and contracts for for votes.votes.

a. Tammany Hall- NYCa. Tammany Hall- NYC1. Most famous “machine”1. Most famous “machine”2. Took bribes2. Took bribes3. Intimidated voters3. Intimidated voters4. Worked with gangs to control 4. Worked with gangs to control

the neighborhoodthe neighborhood5. William “Boss” Tweed- the 5. William “Boss” Tweed- the

leader, ultimately leader, ultimately imprisoned on fraud imprisoned on fraud chargescharges


2. Corruption in the White House2. Corruption in the White House

a. U.S. Grant- never charged with a a. U.S. Grant- never charged with a crime, but many of his friends were.crime, but many of his friends were.

b. Credit Mobilier- Money sent to a b. Credit Mobilier- Money sent to a secret company, then sent to secret company, then sent to Congressmen, political leaders.Congressmen, political leaders.

c. Huge scandal and theft of c. Huge scandal and theft of American tax dollarsAmerican tax dollars


3. Government Reform3. Government Reform

a. Populist Party- a political group a. Populist Party- a political group looking to regulate looking to regulate

government, government, add new add new agricultural programs, and agricultural programs, and remove remove corruption.corruption.

1. This party only existed for 1. This party only existed for 3-4 years, but was 3-4 years, but was

considered considered the party of the the party of the progressives!progressives!


b. 17b. 17thth Amendment- Directly Amendment- Directly elect elect US Senators to congress.US Senators to congress.

1. People now decide, instead 1. People now decide, instead of corrupt state legislatures! of corrupt state legislatures! Important step in creating a Important step in creating a better Congress!better Congress!

2. We still vote directly on 2. We still vote directly on Senators today!Senators today!


c. c. RecallRecall- A new law allowing voters - A new law allowing voters to get rid of elected officials at any to get rid of elected officials at any time.time.

d. d. ReferendumReferendum- Any newly passed - Any newly passed law in Congress, can be rejected by law in Congress, can be rejected by voters and overturned.voters and overturned.

e. e. InitiativeInitiative- Voters can add a new - Voters can add a new law, without Congress’ approval!law, without Congress’ approval!

California RecallCalifornia Recall

Progressivism Curing the Ills of Industrialization.

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