Progressive Agendas
description
Transcript of Progressive Agendas
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Progressive Agendas
Section 5.3
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Today’s Agenda
• 5.3 Slide Show
• Presentations– Louis Brandeis (Mueller v. Oregon)– Jane Addams– Roberta LaFollette– Nellie Bly
• Homework– Quiz on Progressivism Tuesday
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How can reform be accomplished?
• Was America a democracy in 1900?
• Who voted?
• Who chooses our leaders?
• Is America 1 man one vote?
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Women in Progressive Movement
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Jane Addams Presentation
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Who was Jane Addams?• Progressive reformer• Saint Jane• Moved by 3 children who had all
been injured while home alone (while parents worked)
• Hull House– A settlement house– A community center in
immigrant Chicago slum– Taught English, held political
discussions, celebrated diverse cultures, day nursery, night school
– 2 thousand visitors per day
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Jane Addams
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How did Galveston become a model of efficiency?
• Hurricane destroyed city (1900)• State replaced governing power from large
city-council with 5 commissioners• Most were business leaders (not
politicians)• City quickly recovered• Served as model on how to build efficient
government• Helped to eliminate ward boss power
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La Follette Presentation
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Who was “Fighting Bob” La Follette?• Reform Governor of Wisconsin• Initiated series of reforms that
make state more democratic• Direct primary
– voters, not bosses, select candidates
• Initiative– citizens, not bosses, introduce
bills to legislature• Referendum
– citizens vote for or against proposed laws
• Recall– citizens vote to fire elected
official
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What is the Seventeenth Amendment and how did it democratize America?
• Calls for direct election of senators (1913)
– Senators had been chosen from state legislature • Controlled by
political machines• Senators awarded
supporters with fat contracts
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Was the right to vote expanded during the Progressive era?
• Women– Had limited right to vote in 19
states– Could not vote for president– Suffragettes– Grew from 13 to 75 thousand
(1893-1910)– 19th Amendment (1920) gave full
voting rights• African Americans
– Jim Crow laws passed after 1890 reduced voting rights
– Poll taxes, literacy tests
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Suffrage
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How did states begin to regulate big business?
• Wisconsin– RR commission– Power to regulate rates– Prevented unfair
competition• Maryland
– Law (1902) required employers to buy workers’ compensation insurance
• Oregon (1903)– Prohibited women working
more than 10 hours
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Protecting Workers
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Louis Brandeis
Presentation
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• Supreme court case
– Mueller challenged state of Oregon’s right to regulate his business
• Louis Brandeis argued for Oregon
• Brandeis brief
– Based primarily on sociological data
– economic and social statistics, photographs, expert opinions
– Very little precedent
– Said that long hours damaged health of women and therefore damaged welfare of America
Describe Mueller v. Oregon.
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• Supreme Court unanimous for Oregon
• Women need special protection
• 1st case which used sociology in argument
• States can regulate business for public good
Describe Mueller v. Oregon.
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Who was John Dewey• Progressive educator
– “Learn be doing.”• Said school should be
Laboratories of Democracy– Children need to be
taught how to be a good citizen
• Movement helped end child labor
• Illiteracy– 1870 = 20%– 1920 = 6 %
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Nelly Bly Presentation