Progression of the Fire

Service(Burn)

BY: SAM RIVERS, WADE WETHERINGTON, JEREMY BERGIN

Start of the Fire Service Roman Emperor Augustus established Fire – Fighting “watchman” in 24BC

Bucket Brigades were established

Tools such as axes were used to remove fuel and expose hot spots

Ropes and hooks used to create fire breaks Explosives where used for the same

(Burnham)

Early Volunteer Companies in the U.S. Formed after The Great Boston fire of 16311678: The Boston Fire Department Established

Nations First fire department 1735: Union Volunteer Fire Company Established

Founded by Benjamin Franklin Later became the Philadelphia Fire Department

1853: Cincinnati Fire Department established First fully paid Fire Department in the U.S.

(Fire)

Box AlarmsCreated before 9-1-1 dialing

Located on street corners

People pulled the alarm for any emergency

In some cities, such as New York City still use these

box alarms today to communicate with dispatch centers

(Crowe)

The first Fire Trucks Mid 1800’s: Fire pumps were pulled by horses in order to increase response times to fires

1886: The first self propelled fire engine in New York City

1930’s: Ladders where being added onto engines

1940’s: Trucks received Ariel work platforms attached to a ladder

1960’s: The modern fire truck that we know today was developed

Progression of Bunker Gear1700’s: Only helmets were worn to protect from falling debris

1800’s: A rubber jacket was added to protect firefighters from heat and hot embers

Late 1800’s Hip high rubber boots were worn to protect their legs from hot water and embers

Mid 1900’s: Air packs were issued to firefighters to breath fresh air in smoke and heat

(Cowan)

(Cowan)

Fire Service TodayFire Trucks

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Fire Suppression and Tactics

Modern Day Fire Trucks

Engine

Rescue

Ladder

Engine2 Different Types:

1. Engine◦ Has a 750gal to 1000gal water pump◦ Has attack hose lines of 1 3/4inch and 2 1/2inch◦ Has Large Diameter Hose (LDH) to connect to a fire hydrant

2. Engine/Tanker◦ Has a 1250gal and up water pump◦ Has attack hose lines of 1 3/4inch and 2 1/2inch◦ Has Large Diameter Hose (LDH) to connect to a fire hydrant◦ Also has at least one drop tank that can hold up to 3000gals of water

Ladder Truck3 Different Types:

1. Regular stick ladder◦ 110ft Ariel stick ladder with a master stream nozzle attached to the stick◦ 10 different ground ladders from 10ft to 35ft◦ Has a 350 gallon water tank

2. Tiller Ladder◦ 105ft rear mount Ariel stick◦ 10 different ground ladders from 10ft to 35ft◦ Does not carry water

3. Tower Ladder◦ 100ft bucket ladder, either rear or mid mount with a master stream attached to the bucket◦ Has a small 250 gallon water tank◦ 10 different ground ladders from 10ft to 35ft

Rescue Truck3 Different Types:

1. Light Rescue◦ 2 to 4 door truck cab◦ Has basic vehicle extrication equipment ◦ Has a basic air cylinder filling system

2. Medium Rescue◦ Has basic vehicle extrication equipment◦ Shoring and Lumber◦ Has a generator, small water pump, and air compressor

3. Heavy Rescue◦ All extrication equipment◦ Technical rescue equipment◦ SCUBA equipment◦ Air compressor, and a generator

Personal Protective Equipment Self Contained Breathing Apparatus: (SCBA)

Bunker Coat, and Pants

Hood, and Gloves

Fire Helmet

Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

The Mask has that straps to ones face allows for proper inhalation of the fresh air

PASS device: Activates after a firefighter is still for to long

Fits like a backpack with shoulder straps and a waste belt.

Weighs approx.. 50lbs.

Has a compressed air cylinder with a set psi 2316psi 4500psi 5500psi 7500psi

(Scott)

Bunker Coat and Bunker pantsThe bunker gear has 3 separate layers:

1. The outer shell◦ Protects any glass our sharp objects from cutting through the gear

2. Inner thermal liner ◦ Protects the firefighter for heat up to a certain temp

3. Moister barrier◦ Allows limited access for water and other liquids to get through the gear

Fire Hood and GlovesFire Gloves

Made from Nomex cloth that resists heat up to a certain temp. Protects the hands and has sections to help give the wrists more protection

Fire Hood Made from Nomex cloth that is resistant up to a certain temp. Covers the top of the head, ears, and neck

Fire Helmet2 Different Styles:

Traditional Has a brim that is specially designed to detour hot water and embers from the neck area The traditional helmet is made from leather Today traditional style helmets are made from thermoplastic as well

Modern Has a more round shape instead of a traditional look Made from Thermoplastic with face shields attached to the front

Fire Ground Operations and TacticsEngine Company OperationsLadder Company OperationsRescue Company Operations

(Under Fire)

Engine Company OperationsConnecting to the HydrantRescue of VictimsSuppression of FireOverhaul

(Martin)

Ladder Company OperationsForcible EntrySearch and Rescue of any VictimsOverhaulVentilation Horizontal (Windows)Vertical (Roof)

(Ventilation)

Rescue Company OperationsRapid Intervention Team (RIT)Search and Rescue of VictimsOverhaulAssist other companies with their operations

Quick video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fwj2UJhqDW8

Works Cited "At the Ready: History of the New York Fire Department." The Bowery Boys: New York City History. 7 Feb. 2014. Web. 10 Apr. 2015. (At the Ready) Burnham, Daniel. Urban-ism of Ancient Rome. Digital image. John J. Schmidt’s Website. 17 Mar. 2008. Web. (Burnham) Cowan, Wes. "Cincinnati Fire Antiques." Worth Point. 15 Oct. 2014. Web. 30 Mar. 2015. (Cowan)

Crowe, Kenneth. "Historic Fire Boxes Bow out." Times Union. 20 May 2011. Web. 30 Mar. 2015.

(Crowe) "Fire Department." Franklin's Philadelphia. 5 Nov. 2011. Web. 9 Apr. 2014. (Franklin)

Works Cited Cont. "Fire Departments." The History of Fire Fighting. 19 Dec. 2010. Web. 29 Mar. 2015.

(Fire)

"Heavy Rescue." SVI Trucks. 15 June 2014. Web. 31 Mar. 2015.

(Heavy)

"Light Rescue." SVI Trucks. 15 June 2014. Web. 31 Mar. 2015.

(Light)

Making Yourself Hard To Kill. Digital image. Leadership Under Fire, Inc. 16 July 2013. Web.

(Under Fire)

Martin, Nicholas. Estimating the Stretch. Digital image. Tradition's Training Weblog. 1 Oct. 2008.

Web.

(Martin)

Works Cited Cont. Oldman, Gary. Burn: One Year on the Front Lines to Save Detroit. Digital image. Reel Life with

Jane. 20 Dec. 2012. Web.

(Burn)

"Scott Safety™ 4.5 Air-Pak™ NxG7™ SCBA." Fisher Scientific. 2 Mar. 2013. Web. 10 Apr. 2015.

(Scott)

Vertical Ventilation: The Sounding Firefighter. Digital image. Fire Service Warrior. 15 Jan. 2012.

Web.

(Ventilation)