Progress 2050: New Ideas for a Diverse America

8/3/2019 Progress 2050: New Ideas for a Diverse America

1/19www.americanprogress.o

Progress 2050

New Ideas or a Diverse America

Vanessa Crdenas, Julie Ajinkya and Daniella Gibbs Lger October 2011


2/19

Progress 2050New Ideas or a Diverse America

Vanessa Crdenas, Julie Ajinkya and Daniella Gibbs Lger October 2011

Progress 2050, a project o the Center or American Progress,

seeks to lead, broaden, and strengthen the progressive move-

ment by working toward a more inclusive progressive agendaone that truly refects our nations rich ethnic and racial diversity.

By 2050 there will be no ethnic majority in our nation and to

ensure that the unprecedented growth o communities o color

also yields uture prosperity, we work to close racial disparities

across the board with innovative policies that work or all.


3/19

Contents 1 Introduction and summary

4 The coming demographic change

6 Harnessing the talent of all Americans

8 How does Progress 2050 work?

12 Conclusion


4/19

1 Ceer r America Prgress | Prgress 2050: new Ideas r a Diverse America

Introduction and summary

Te resuls o he 2010 U.S. Census projec ha he racial and ehnic makeup o

he Unied Saes will undergo dramaic changes over he nex ew decades. In par-

icular, by he year 2050 here will no longer be any clear racial or ehnic majoriy

because he mos rapidly growing number o residens in our naion oday are he

children o Hispanic and Asian American immigrans.

Tis demographic shi will hold imporan policy implicaions, paricularly

i curren racial and ehnic dispariies in educaion, employmen, healh, andoher social services coninue. I we do no ensure he success o he mos vul-

nerable among us moving orward, hen we will preven he Unied Saes rom

ully capializing on he global economic advanages we can derive rom our

increasingly diverse populaion.

In shor, we need o char a course oward 2050 ha underscores American ide-

als o airness, equiy, and opporuniy, recognizing ha our counrys greaes

srengh has always been our people.

Why Progress 2050 and why now

Te Unied Saes is undergoing a remarkable and proound demographic shi.

oday, in eigh saes across our union, he majoriy o children are children o color.

Tis by isel is no signican, bu wha is worh noing is ha he very communiies

ha are growing are he ones ha are experiencing signican obsacles and dispari-

ies. Sadly, his oo is unsurprising. For oo long we have been waching he racial

and ehnic dispariies in educaion, employmen, healh, and wealh widen.

We know he sories well. Communiies o color suer rom high dropou raes,

economic insecuriy, and lack o healh care while wealh gaps rise o record highs

beween whies and communiies o colorhe larges gap, in ac, since he gov-

ernmen began publishing such daa. We know so much abou hese challenges


5/19


in par because o he comprehensive work by groups ha ocus on closing hese

gaps and in par due o he work o demographers who ouline he urgency o

reducing hese dispariies beore we reach a poin in American hisory when com-

muniies o color ogeher make up a numerical majoriy.

Bu here is a pressing need oday o analyze he implicaions o he demographicchange or local and naional policy. We need o beter undersand how local com-

muniies are managing hese changes in he ace o dauning obsacles so ha uli-

maely we can ouline a posiive vision o wha our counry could look like in 2050 i

we ruly work o close he gaps ha exis over he nex 40 years. Doing so will enable

our naion o harness he ull alen and drive o all our people. Progress 2050, a

projec o he Cener or American Progress, seeks o do jus ha by:

Working wih he Ceners policy eams o creae a more inormed and inclusive

policy agenda

Exploring he implicaions o his demographic change or our economic,

poliical, and culural landscape

Fosering a localized dialogue abou he challenges and opporuniies o

diversiy in communiies across our counry

Helping cra a policy ramework and narraive squarely ocused on he oppor-

uniies o diversiy or he uure prosperiy and well being o our naion

Wihou open and rank discussion abou he opporuniies and challenges o

diversiy, anxieies abou where our counry is headed combined wih he coming

demographic change may generae more division and disurbing sories ha coun-

er he undamenals o American democracy. We as a naion have been down his

road beore many imes as wave upon wave o new immigrans, new Americans,

arrived on our shoresoen o ace brual discriminaion and hardship. We

riumphed each ime, someimes aer many decades o discriminaion, enabling

he laes generaions o Americans o assimilae and hrive, breahing new lie ino

our economy and our democracy. Bu he sakes are even higher oday.

oday, discriminaion abounds. Escalaion in voer suppression acics. Hae

crimes. Ani-immigran senimen. And a general sense across he counry ha

our ederal, sae, and local governmens and social and economic insiuions

are ailing o provide he leadership needed o move us meaningully beyond he

economic crisis o he Grea Recession.


6/19


Progress 2050 is uniquely posiioned o couner hese challenges by oering an aler-

naive. Cerainly a progressive voice is needed now. We canno allow he conversaion

abou he uure o his counry o be dominaed by voices on he righ who advocae

a very narrow deniion o he American ideal. Te demographic shi is a realiy we

mus accep and embrace. And a clear vision o where we wan our counry o be in

2050 and how o ge here is urgenly needed.

Working in collaboraion wih progressive and civil righs organizaions, Progress

2050 will help devise ha pah orward.

Why the Center for American Progress?

CAP and is siser organizaion, he Cener or American Progress Acion Fund, are

uniquely posiioned o provide his analysis and shape his vision. We are armed wih

deep experise across a range o issues. We boas a reporing and communicaionsarm wih a proven rack record o driving he progressive agenda. And our inuenial

exernal oureach eams know heir way around Capiol Hill and saehouses around

he counry, working wih an array o progressive allies. All o hese mechanisms

enable Progress 2050 o move our ideas in ways oher organizaions canno.

By having an organizaion o CAPs inuence delve ino he area o demographic anal-

ysis, we will li up and add weigh o issues ha oen ge shoved ino separae policy

silos. Moreover, i is crucial ha he progressive movemen have a proacive and

afrming voice on he issues ha communiies o color care abou, no only because

communiies o color are inherenly progressive bu because he progressive agenda

needs he acive suppor o communiies o color.

Tis papers main objecives are o describe he demographic changes our

naion will experience over he nex our decades and o argue ha a progres-

sive vision is urgenly needed o ensure we ake advanage o diversiy as one o

our greaes asses. We will also ouline he work ha Progress 2050 has already

underakenboh in collaboraion wih CAPs policy eams and in collabora-

ion wih oher organizaions inside and ouside he Belwayand draw a map

o where we wan o go in he uure.

We believe i is imporan o raise awareness abou serious dispariies in com-

muniies o color, bu we also rmly believe ha hese negaive sories can and

should be urned around o ormulae a posiive vision o where we wan our

counry o be in he year 2050.

CAPs Progress

2050 will lift up

and add weight

to demographic

issues that often

shoved into sepa

policy silos.


7/19


The coming demographic change

By he year 2050 here will be no clear racial or ehnic majoriy in he Unied

Saes. Our naions non-Hispanic whies will drop o 46 percen o he U.S.

populaion while blacks will say consan a 13 percen, and Hispanics and Asian

Americans will rise o roughly 30 percen and 8 percen, respecively, according o

U.S. Census Bureau projecions.1 Nearly one in ve Americans (19 percen) will

be oreign born, surpassing he hisoric peaks or immigrans as a share o he U.S.

populaion (14.8 percen in 1890 and 14.7 percen in 1910).2

In addiion o he vas majoriy o populaion growh coming rom Hispanics and

Asian Americans, he new demographic shis are going o include a rapidly grow-

ing mixed-race populaion. Te percenage o Americans o mixed race is growing

signicanly among people under 18, wih some projecions suggesing ha as many

as one in ve Americans (20 percen) may ideniy wih wo or more races by 2050.3

Tere are wo imporan sandou sories in demographic shis ha have already

begun and will inensiy over he nex ew decades. Firs, he number o new

children born in our counry will be mosly Hispanic and Asian American while

he number o older Americans will grow and become more racially and ehni-

cally diverse. Second, he geographic relocaion o Arican Americans rom he

Norheas and inner ciies oward he Souh and he suburbs will coninue apace.4

Les urn rs o he new youh in our naion. Te U.S. populaion under age 18

grew by less han 3 percen over he pas decade. Tere was an absolue decline o

whie young people over his period, as well as a somewha similar decline in black

youhs. Hispanics, Asian Americans, and muliracial children accouned or all he

ne growh in he under-18 populaion. In 2010, or he rs ime since naional

daa on children and school enrollmen have been released, ewer han hal o allchildren (49.9 percen) in he younges age group o 3-year-olds were whie.

Te naions elderly (65 years or older) will grow more rapidly han he overall

populaion, growing o abou 20 percen o he populaion in 2050. Tis increase


8/19


means he dependency raio (he number o people o working age, compared

wih he number o young and elderly) will rise sharply.5 Ye while 8 in 10 older

Americans oday are non-Hispanic whies, one-hird o Americans under he age

o 65 are people o color, making he uures older Americans a more racially and

ehnically diverse group.6

In 2050 one in hree children (34 percen) will be oreign born or will be he U.S.-

born son or daugher o an immigran. Te number o Hispanics in he elderly popu-

laion will nearly riple, rom 6 percen in 2005 o 17 percen in 2050, bu will sill be

subsanially less han he proporion o Hispanics in younger age groups.7

Accompanying his broad demographic shi will be he new geographic migraion

o Arican Americans. Reversing he Grea Migraion o he 20h cenury ou

o he segregaionis Souh, here will be a pronounced shi back o he Souh.

Economic progress, culural ies, and an emerging black middle class have made

ciies such as Alana, Dallas, Houson, and Raleigh atracive o greaer numbers oblacks. Tere is also he phenomenon o black igh rom big ciies o suburban

areas, due o newer generaions o Arican Americans wih ewer ies o he segre-

gaed ciy neighborhoods o heir parens and grandparens.8

All o hese changes will no aler our naions hird-place ranking in global popula-

ion. We will say a his rank in 2050, behind China and India. Te U.S. eriliy rae

is projeced o say a or above replacemen level (2.1 birhs per woman age 15-44)

hrough 2050.9 Low eriliy raes in oher counries, in conjuncion wih rapidly

graying populaions, mean ha oher developed counries such as much o Wesern

Europe, Japan, and oher advanced economies in Asia are sruggling wih a shrinking

labor orce and he implicaions ha will hold or heir economic growh.10

In conras, he labor orce in he Unied Saes is projeced o coninue o grow,

largely due o immigraion and he children o immigrans. Beween 2000 and

2050 new immigrans and heir children will accoun or 83 percen o he growh

in he working-age populaion.11 Wha his means or our economy, our sociey,

and our democracy is he subjec o he nex secion o our paper.

In 2050 one in

three children

(34 percent) will

be foreign born

or will be the

U.S.-born son or

daughter of an

immigrant.


9/19


Harnessing the talent of all Americans

One o he mos remarkable aspecs o his coming demographic shi is he

ac ha he U.S. populaion is projeced o expand even in he mids o a global

demographic slowdown. Imporanly, low eriliy is hisorically linked o socio-

economic decline, which now plagues mos o he developed world, where he

combinaion o rapidly aging and decreasing populaions does no bode well or

socieal or economic healh. Populaion growh is needed or expanding domes-

ic markes, new workers, and enrepreneurial innovaion. Even China aces his

problem wih is rapidly aging populaion and is low birh rae due o is pro-longed one-child policy.12

Given he populaion growh ha he Unied Saes will experience over he nex

our decades, our counry will be in a srong posiion o global compeiive advan-

age because o is growing labor orce. Bu in order o ensure his global compei-

ive advanage, i will be necessary ha all o our ciizenry is prepared and ready o

inves in our growing populaion.

Tere is evidence ha diversiy and human capial is an economic asse or our

naion. For insance, despie he recen recession and hisoric levels o unemploy-

men, economic census daa reveal ha beween 2002 and 2007 minoriy-owned

rms oupaced he growh o nonminoriy rms in gross receips, employmen,

and number o rms.13 Universiy o Caliornia, Sana Cruz, economis Rober

Fairlies research on immigran conribuions o he U.S. economy urher demon-

sraes he posiive impac his populaion has on he naions economic growh.

He demonsraes ha immigrans are 30 percen more likely o sar a business

han are nonimmigrans and make signican conribuions o business income.14

Numerous sudies on diversiy also demonsrae ha diversiy is simply good orbusiness. Jus one case in poin: A 2008 sudy ha compares he nancial peror-

mance o DiversiyIncs op 50 Companies or Diversiy o a mached sample o

compeing rms demonsraes ha he median ne pro margins o he Diversiy

50 rms were higher han heir less-diverse counerpars.15


10/19


Research by Universiy o Michigan proessor Scot E. Page, direcor o he univer-

siys Cener or he Sudy o Complex Sysems, also esablishes ha diversiy has

a posiive impac on sysems and organizaional perormance, paricularly because

people rom dieren backgrounds have dieren ools or ways o looking a

problems.16 Tis research indicaes ha he Unied Saes could improve is global

compeiive advanage by embracing diversiy as one o is greaes asses.

Finally, here is he Millennial generaionAmericans born beween 1978 and

2000. Tey will play a key role in Americas diverse uure. As he generaion ha will

ake he reins o our economy and sociey over he nex ew decades, he increasingly

progressive views o young people on issues o race and ehniciy holds promise or a

more oleran and inclusive uure.

Why? Because Millennials end o be ar more progressive han earlier generaions.

Case in poin: New Progressive America: Te Millennial Generaion, a 2009repor by he Cener or American Progress, deailed he progressive values o

his generaion hrough he lens o public opinion polls and voing paterns.17

Millennials, he repor ound, are oleran o religious and amily diversiy [and]

have an open and posiive atiude oward immigraion. And a elling 2006 Gallup

poll showed ha 95 percen o young people (ages 18 o 29) approved o inerra-

cial daingcompared wih only 45 percen o respondens over he age o 64.18

Given ha his generaion will help shape U.S. policy and ideniy or years o

come, i will be imporan o ollow is undersanding o demographic change and

Millennials posiive oulook or he uure.


11/19


How does Progress 2050 work?

Informing CAPs policy agenda

Progress 2050 works wih CAPs policy eams o ensure our common policy

agenda incorporaes he perspecives o communiies o color. Examples o our

producs include:

Doing What Works: A Better, More Diverse Senior Executive Service in 2050.

Progress 2050 eamed up wih CAPs Doing Wha Works eam o release projec-ions abou he diversiy o he ederal governmens Senior Execuive Service

over he nex ew decades. Te repor argues ha Hispanics will remain signi-

canly underrepresened, and includes recommendaions o improve he abiliy

o our governmen o represen all o our ciizens more eecively.19

Economy: The State of Communities of Color in the U.S. Economy. Joined by

Rep. James E. Clyburn (D-SC), assisan leader o he Democras in he House

o Represenaives, and he Naional Council o La Raza, he Naional Congress

o American Indians, he Naional Urban League, and he Naional Coaliion

or Asian Pacic American Communiy Developmen, he Cener or American

Progress released a snapsho o economic indicaors and heir implicaions or

communiies o color. Tis annual repor makes policy recommendaions o

alleviae he economic hardship ha disproporionaely aecs hese communi-

ies, among hem he long-erm exension o unemploymen insurance, compre-

hensive immigraion reorm, qualiy job creaion, paycheck airness, air axes

or low-wage workers, and susainable pahways o homeownership.20

Progressive Studies Program: Latino Attitudes About Women and Society.

Te Cener or American Progress, in conjuncion wih Maria Shrivers AWomans Naion, he Rockeeller Foundaion, and ime magazine, conduced a

landmark sudy ino public atiudes abou women, sociey, and he workplace.

Women hi he hisoric milesone o consiuing hal o he workorce, and he

sudy sough o deermine how Americans el abou a range o changes in he


12/19


naure o modern amily lie and work. Analysis o he survey delved deeply ino he

Laino populaion o show ha hey accep and welcome he rising saus o women

in American lie, and repor many o he same needs as ohers in erms o balancing

work and amily lie.21

Immigration: All Immigration is Local. Hisorically, immigran inegraion hasocused on immigrans, bu posiive communiy relaions require he concered

acion o boh immigran and naive-born residens. Tis repor is a call o acion or

such engagemenor reoriening discussions around immigraion o local inegra-

ion challenges and or proacively bridging he gaps beween naive and newcomer. 22

Going outside the Beltway

In conjuncion wih PolicyLink, Progress 2050 is holding roundables naionwide

o hold dialogues abou he implicaions o demographic shis in places ha are onhe oreron o such change. Trough hese localized conversaions i is our hope

o ideniy key hemes or urher research and analysis o nd policy soluions o

urher inorm CAPs policy agenda. Based on hose dialogues he ollowing are

he recurring hemes we inend o explore:

Civic engagement. Despie he growing numerical srengh o communiies o

color, hey have no experienced proporionae growh in poliical srengh and

ace an underdeveloped sense o civic engagemen, boh o which lead o lower

levels o poliical paricipaion. Renewing a commimen o civic engagemen

could ensure our naions pah orward includes all communiies.

Voter suppression. Sae governmens are enacing laws across he counry ha will

make i harder or people o voe. Tese resricions are expeced o disproporion-

aely hur communiies o color. Insead o making i more difcul or ciizens o

paricipae in heir democracy, we need o remove such hurdles a he voing booh.

Incarceration. Racial dispariies in he criminal jusice sysem are a an all-ime

high, wih more han 60 percen o he prison populaion coming rom commu-

niies o color. Tese dispariies undermine American values o jusice and air-ness and are oen he resul o disparae reamen in oher areas, such as access

o jobs, educaion, and aordable housing.

In conjunction

with PolicyLink,

Progress 2050

is holding

roundtables

nationwide.


13/19


Multiracial coalition work to reduce interethnic tensions. Any hones discus-

sion abou he sruggles communiies o color ace mus address racial and

ehnic ensions beween hese communiies as well. Noneheless, here are

srong examples o muliracial coaliion work ha unie dieren groups behind

common ineress by creaing a sronger, collecive poliical voice.

Communications

Progress 2050 works o elevae he issues imporan o communiies o color in

he mainsream media while coninuing o expand our reach direcly o hese

groups. I seeks o bring atenion o CAPs work as well as he work o organiza-

ions ha work wih underserved communiies hrough radiional press oureach,

podcass, video, and original wriing such as our Race and Beyond columns,

writen by Senior Fellow Sam Fulwood, a long-ime journalis and observer o race

relaions in our naion.

o ha end, we will coninue working wih he Cener or American Progress Acion

Funds blog TinkProgress and he Ceners new media eams o specically cover

issues rom he perspecive o communiies o color. In addiion, Progress 2050 hoss

unique evens a he Cener ha highligh new leaders represenaive o our diverse

communiies. Examples o some o our pas evens include:

The Moral Complexity of a Diverse Latino Community. In collaboraion wih

CAPs Faih and Progressive Policy eam, Progress 2050 brough ogeher aih

leaders and advocaes or a panel in Augus 2011 ha pushed back agains he

noion ha Lainos are monolihic and socially conservaive on key social issues

such as gay and ransgender equaliy and reproducive righs and jusice.

The African American Vote in 2012 and Beyond. In Augus 2011 Progress 2050

also organized a dynamic conversaion abou Arican Americans and heir impor-

ance and place in he elecorae. Te panel discussed he impac o he naions

rs black presiden on he course o he civil righs movemen and wheher or no

he increasing numbers o black immigrans and young biracial Arican Americans

will have a dramaic eec on he policy agenda o he black communiy.


14/19


Asian American and Pacific Islander Voters in the Electorate. Progress 2050

hosed an even in May 2011 wih Asian American and Pacic American leaders

o discuss how inegral voers rom hese communiies o color are o elecion

oucomes. Tis even highlighed poliical rends wihin hese communiies as

well as he elecoral impac o growing Asian American communiies.

Leadership development

Te Leadership Insiue is he Ceners response o he dearh o people o color

in he public policy eld. Te nine-monh ellowship program seeks o ideniy,

equip, and advance a new generaion o leaders rom diverse backgrounds and

communiies o assume responsible roles in he developmen and implemenaion

o progressive public policies. For more inormaion please visi CAPs Leadership

Insiue webpage.
http://www.americanprogress.org/aboutus/leadership_institute.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/aboutus/leadership_institute.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/aboutus/leadership_institute.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/aboutus/leadership_institute.html


15/19


Conclusion

While he demographic shis in he U.S. populaion presen some challenges, we

can and should implemen policy soluions ha address hese problems oday. I

we close he economic and social gaps acing dieren racial and ehnic communi-

ies o color, hen here is every reason o believe we will be beter o as a naion in

he year 2050. Diversiy can srenghen our compeiive global advanage and be

our greaes asse moving orward. Progress 2050 will work in collaboraion wih

oher progressive organizaions o esablish a clear vision o where we wan our

counry o be in 2050 and how o ge here.


16/19


About the authors

Vanessa Crdenas is he Direcor o Progress 2050, a projec o American Progress

which seeks o build a progressive agenda ha is more inclusive o he rich racial and

ehnic makeup o our naion. She came o American Progress rom he Naional

Immigraion Forum, where she was a policy/communicaions associae and oureachcoordinaor. A he Forum, she paricipaed in numerous local and naional organiz-

ing and legislaive campaigns including he eors o pass immigraion reorm in 2006

and 2007, organizing in suppor o he Immigran Workers Freedom Ride, and he

campaign o deea Proposiion 200 in Arizona. Vanessa earned her B.A. in govern-

men and poliics and a masers in public adminisraion, boh rom George Mason

Universiy. She is a 2010 ellow o he Naional Hispana Leadership Insiue and an

alum o he Sorensen Insiue or Poliical Leadership a he Universiy o Virginia.

Julie Ajinkya is a Policy Analys or Progress 2050 a American Progress. Her work

ocuses on race/ehnic, gender, and immigraion poliics, and pays paricular aten-ion o he changing demographics o muliculural socieies such as he Unied Saes

and Wesern Europe. Prior o joining American Progress, she was a research ellow

and policy analys a Gender Acion, where she ocused on he gendered impacs o

Inernaional Financial Insiuion invesmens in he developing world. She was also

a New Voices Fellow rom 2003 o 2005 a he Insiue or Policy Sudies, where she

coordinaed he naional oureach or he insiues Foreign Policy in Focus projec.

Julie earned her M.A. and Ph.D. in governmen rom Cornell Universiy and a B.A. in

poliical science rom Amhers College.

Daniella Gibbs Lger is Vice Presiden or New American Communiies Iniiaives a

American Progress. Prior o joining he Cener, Daniella served as a special assis-

an o he presiden and direcor o message evens in he Obama adminisraion.

In his role she was responsible or helping plan and execue he presidens ofcial

domesic evens. Prior o joining he Whie House in January 2009, Daniella was

he Vice Presiden or Communicaions a American Progress. Beore joining he

Cener, Daniella was depuy direcor o communicaions a he Democraic Naional

Commitee. During her enure a he DNC, Daniella was communicaions direcor

or he Womens Voe Cener, handled Arican American and specialy media, and

was a regional media direcor during he 2004 presidenial cycle. Daniella spen woyears a he Naional Newspaper Publishers Associaion as heir markeing associae

and poliical liaison beore joining he DNC. And beore moving o Washingon,

D.C., Daniella worked a Sony Music in New York Ciy or hree years. Daniella holds

a degree in governmen and a minor in sociology rom he Universiy o Virginia.


17/19


Acknowledgements

Te auhors would like o hank all curren and ormer Progress 2050 eam mem-

bers, supporers, and inerns as well as CAPs Execuive eam or heir suppor.


18/19


Endnotes

1 U.S. Ppulai Prjecis, available a p://www.cesus.gv/ppulai/www/prjecis/summaryables.ml.

2 Jerey S. Passel ad DVera C, U.S. Ppulai Prjecis: 2005-2050 (Wasig: Pew Researc Ceer, 2008).

3 Jel Kki, Millieial Surprise, new Gegrapy, Jue 22, 2010, available a p://www.ewgegrapy.cm/ce/001631-milleial-surprise.

4 William Frey, A Pival Decade r Americas Wie ad Miriy Ppulais, Brkigs Isiue, Marc 25, 2011, availablea p://www.brkigs.edu/piis/2011/0325_cesus_demgrapics_rey.aspx; William Frey, A Demgrapic tippigPi Amg Americas tree-Year-olds, Brkigs Isiue, February 7, 2011 , available a p://www.brkigs.edu/piis/2011/0207_ppulai_rey.aspx.

5 Passel ad C, U.S. Ppulai Prjecis.

6 Judi treas ad Daisy Carre, Diversiy ad our Cmm Fuure: Race, Eiciy, ad e older America, Jural e America Sciey Agig 34 (3) (2010), available a p://daricles.cm/p/aricles/mi_7543/is_201010/ai_57242662/?ag=ce;cl1.

7 Passel ad C, U.S. Ppulai Prjecis.

8 William Frey, Cesus Daa: Blacks ad hispaics take a Diere Segregai Pas, Brkigs Isiue, December 16,2010, available a p://www.brkigs.edu/piis/2010/1216_cesus_rey.aspx.

9 Laura B. Sresa ad Elaye J. heisler, te Cagig Demgrapic Prle e Uied Saes (Wasig: Cgres-sial Researc Service, 2009), available a p://agig.seae.gv/crs/agig4.pd.

10 Cgressial Budge ofce, Glbal Ppulai Agig i e 21s Ceury ad Is Ecmic Implicais (2005), availablea p://www.cb.gv/dc.cm?idex=6952.

11 Cgressial Budge ofce, te Rle Immigras i e U.S. Labr Marke (2005), available a p://ww.cb.gv/dc.cm?idex=6853.

12 Cgressial Budge ofce, Glbal Ppulai Agig i e 21s Ceury.

13 Miriy Busiess Develpme Agecy, Miriy Purcasig Pwer: 2000 2045 (Deparme Cmmerce, 2000).

14 Rber W. Fairlie, Esimaig e Cribui Immigra Busiess owers e U.S. Ecmy (Wasig: SmallBusiess Admiisrai ofce Advcacy, 2008), available a p://arcive.sba.gv/adv/researc/rs334.pd.

15 Saley F. Slaer, Rber A. Weigad, ad tmas J. Zwirlei, te Busiess Case r Cmmime Diversiy, Busiesshrizs 51 (3) (2008): 201209.

16 Sc E. Page, te Dierece: hw e Pwer Diversiy Creaes Beer Grups, Firms, Scls ad Scieies (Price,nJ: Price UiversiyPress, 2007); Claudia Dreius, I Pressrs Mdel, Diversiy = Prduciviy, te new Yrk times,Jauary 8, 2008, available a p://www.yimes.cm/2008/01/08/sciece/08cv.ml.

17 David Madlad ad Ruy teixeira, new Prgressive America: te Milleial Geerai (Wasig: Ceer r AmericaPrgress, 2009), available a p://www.americaprgress.rg/issues/2009/05/milleial_geerai.ml.

18 Sar Jays, new Geerai Des Blik a Ierracial Relaisips, USA tday, February 8, 2006, available ap://www.usaday.cm/ews/ai/2006-02-07-clrblid_x.m.

19 Jiider Kli, J Gas, ad James hairs, Dig Wa Wrks: A Beer, Mre Diverse Seir Execuive Service i 2050(Wasig: Ceer r America Prgress, 2011), available a p://www.americaprgress.rg/issues/2011/09/ses_pa-per.ml.

20 Crisia E. Weller, Jary Fields, ad Flayemi Agbede, te Sae Cmmuiies Clr i e U.S. Ecmy, Ceer r

America Prgress, Jauary 21, 2011, available a p://www.americaprgress.rg/issues/2011/01/cc_saps.ml.

21 J halpi ad Ruy teixeira, Lai Aiudes Abu Wme ad Sciey, Ceer r America Prgress, July 9, 2010,available a p://www.americaprgress.rg/issues/2010/07/lai_aiudes.ml.

22 Micael Jes-Crrea, All Immigrai Is Lcal (Wasig: Ceer r America Prgress, 2011), available a p://www.

americaprgress.rg/issues/2011/09/rci.ml.
http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/summarytables.htmlhttp://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0325_census_demographics_frey.aspxhttp://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0207_population_frey.aspxhttp://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0207_population_frey.aspxhttp://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_7543/is_201010/ai_n57242662/?tag=content;col1http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_7543/is_201010/ai_n57242662/?tag=content;col1http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2010/1216_census_frey.aspxhttp://aging.senate.gov/crs/aging4.pdfhttp://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=6952http://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=6853http://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=6853http://archive.sba.gov/advo/research/rs334tot.pdfhttp://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/08/science/08conv.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2009/05/millennial_generation.htmlhttp://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-02-07-colorblind_x.htmhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/09/ses_paper.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/09/ses_paper.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/01/coc_snapshot.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2010/07/latino_attitudes.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/09/rci.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/09/rci.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/09/rci.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/09/rci.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2010/07/latino_attitudes.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/01/coc_snapshot.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/09/ses_paper.htmlhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2011/09/ses_paper.htmlhttp://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-02-07-colorblind_x.htmhttp://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2009/05/millennial_generation.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/08/science/08conv.htmlhttp://archive.sba.gov/advo/research/rs334tot.pdfhttp://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=6853http://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=6853http://www.cbo.gov/doc.cfm?index=6952http://aging.senate.gov/crs/aging4.pdfhttp://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2010/1216_census_frey.aspxhttp://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_7543/is_201010/ai_n57242662/?tag=content;col1http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_7543/is_201010/ai_n57242662/?tag=content;col1http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0207_population_frey.aspxhttp://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0207_population_frey.aspxhttp://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2011/0325_census_demographics_frey.aspxhttp://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/summarytables.html


19/19

The Center or American Progress is a nonpartisan research and educational institute

dedicated to promoting a strong, just and ree America that ensures opportunity

or all. We believe that Americans are bound together by a common commitment to

these values and we aspire to ensure that our national policies relect these values.

We work to ind progressive and pragmatic solutions to signiicant domestic and

international problems and develop policy proposals that oster a government that

is o the people, by the people, and or the people.

Progress 2050: New Ideas for a Diverse America

Documents

Transcript of Progress 2050: New Ideas for a Diverse America