POSTGRADUATE PROGRAMME IN SOUTHEAST EUROPEAN STUDIES

UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS

P R O G R A M M E S Y L L A B U S

2010-2011

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WINTER SEMESTER

- Modern and Contemporary History of Southeastern Europe....p. 3

- Nationalism in South-Eastern Europe ……………........................p. 5

- European Integration and Southeastern Europe…………….......p. 7

SPRING SEMESTER

- Politics and Society in Contemporary Southeastern Europe....p. 9

- Sources of Conflict in Southeastern Europe …………….........p. 11

- The Political Economy of Transition: The Case of Southeast Europe……………………………………………………………… p. 13

As its title implies, the Postgraduate Programme in Southeast European Studies offers a specialised education in the study of a region of strong significance for both the historical past and political future of Europe. The Programme adopts an interdisciplinary approach, combining history, political science, international relations and political economy. The curriculum is designed around six core courses taught over two semesters (Autumn and Spring, running from the end of September to mid-May). The summer semester (June-September) is devoted to the research and writing of a dissertation of 12-15,000 words on a topic of the student’s choice. The first semester offers the necessary background for an understanding of contemporary Southeastern Europe. The three Autumn courses provide an overview of the modern and contemporary history of the region, an examination of the crucial theme of nationalism and the role which it has played, and an introduction to European integration as the basic framework and reference point for the post-conflict era. In the second semester, the focus is on the period since 1989, with an emphasis on the political and economic transition which the region has passed through, on contemporary political structures and economic developments, and on understanding the sources both of past conflicts and current tensions.

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WINTER SEMESTER

MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY HISTORY

OF SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

INSTRUCTOR: Nassia Yakovaki, Assistant Professor-elect, University of Athens COURSE DESCRIPTION This course is designed to introduce students to the history of Southeastern Europe in the modern and contemporary eras. The main objective is to understand the broad historical trends that have shaped the distinct historical developments in the region from the late 18th century until the end of the 20th century, while special attention will be given to a discussion of the history of the region within the context of general European history. What is specifically “Balkan” in Balkan developments is an essential part of the questions under examination. The specific conditions and processes of nation formation and nation-state building in this predominantly agrarian yet geopolitically strategic region will be discussed in the twofold context of empire disintegration and great power rivalry. Further, the course examines the ways in which these newly consolidated states dealt with a wide range of problems related to political institutions and economic development, regional cooperation, integration of ethnic minorities and power alliances, during a period characterized by abrupt changes and upheavals directly impacting SE Europe. It examines these from the interwar period to World War II, the advent of communism and the establishment of state socialist systems to the collapse of the Soviet bloc.

COURSE OUTLINE 1. Whose History and Politics? From European Turkey to the Balkans and to Southeastern

Europe: The Names Revisited 2. Is Balkan History Part of European History? A Short Introduction to the Historiography of

Europe in the Modern Era 3. The Eastern Question: A By-product of the Rise of the Great Powers?

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4. The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars: Their Impact on the Rise of National Movements in the Ottoman and Habsburg Empires

5. The Late Ottoman Empire in Turmoil: Aspects of Decline and Attempts at Reform 6. From Empire to Nation State, or When Does Balkan History Start? The Long Process of

Emergence and Stabilization of the New Successor States (from Greece to Turkey) 7. Maps and Dates: an Overview of Balkan History to 1923 8. Post-war Instability and Inter-war Politics: The Road to Authoritarianism 9. Before the Major Turn: World War II in the Balkans - Occupation, Resistance and Satellite

States 10. The Advent of Communism or of the Red Army? A Turning Point, Political and Social 11. Postwar Europe in the Balkans: Common Attributes and National Variants of Four

Communist Regimes (plus two NATO Members) 12. The Regime Crisis and the Collapse of the Soviet Bloc

SELECTED BASIC BIBLIOGRAPHY L.S. Stavrianos, The Balkans since 1453, New York: New York U. P. 2000 B. Jelavich, History of the Balkans – Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries, Cambridge: Cambridge U. P. 1983 B. Jelavich History of the Balkans – Twentieth Century, Cambridge: Cambridge U. P. 1983 T. Judt, Post-war. A History of Europe since 1945, London: Pimlico 2007 R. Crampton, The Balkans since the Second World War, London: Longman 2002 S. Pavlowitch, A History of the Balkans, 1804-1945, London: Longman 1999 J. Lampe, Balkans into Southeastern Europe: a Century of War and Transition, New York: Palgrave Macmillan 2006 M. Mazower, The Balkans, London: Phoenix Press 2000 M. Todorova, Imagining the Balkans, Oxford: Oxford University Press 1997 (updated edition: 2009)

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NATIONALISM IN SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

INSTRUCTOR: Pantelis Lekkas, Associate Professor, University of Athens COURSE DESCRIPTION The course aims at an historical and theoretical understanding of the phenomenon of nationalism as encountered in the societies of southeastern Europe. It attempts a systematization of the major issues involved, discusses the main theories of nationalism, and puts them to use in the analysis of particular case studies.

COURSE OUTLINE 1. Why nationalism is a problem? 2. National awakening or ethnogenesis? 3. Nationalism and industrialism 4. The nation as an imagined community 5. Nationalism and secularization 6. Theorizing nationalism in southeastern Europe 7. Greek nationalism 8. Turkish nationalism 9. Nationalism in the former Yugoslavia 10. The Macedonian Question 11. Bulgarian nationalism 12. Albanian nationalism 13. The resilience of nationalism

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SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY B. Anderson, Imagined Communities, London 1983 E. Gellner, Nations and Nationalism, Oxford 1983 E.J. Hobsbawm, Nations and Nationalism since 1780, Cambridge 1990 E. Kedourie, Nationalism, London 1960 M. Mazower, The Balkans: A Short History, London 2000 A.D. Smith, Nations and Nationalism in a Global Era, Cambridge 1995

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EUROPEAN INTEGRATION AND SOUTH-EAST EUROPE

INSTRUCTOR: Ritsa Panagiotou, Centre for Planning & Economic Research COURSE DESCRIPTION In the early years of transition, the European Union’s policy towards the countries of Southeast Europe could be at best described as one of “benign neglect”. Following the crisis in Kosovo and the bombing of Serbia in 1999 the EU acknowledged the necessity for a more “hands on” approach to the region and the creation of a strategy which would draw the countries of Southeast Europe closer to the prospects of European integration. Relations with the countries of this region have thus become an increasingly important dimension of the EU’s external policy. By the same token, for the countries of Southeast Europe the prospect of EU membership plays a pivotal role in their political and economic transition and their quest to consolidate democracy in the region. This course will provide an overview of relations between the EU and the countries of Southeast Europe, viewed from institutional, political and economic perspectives. It will examine the progress achieved in the process of integrating the countries into EU structures, while evaluating the role of the EU as an “anchor” of political and economic stability in the region. The effect of the global economic crisis on Southeast Europe will also be analysed, with a particular emphasis on how the EU enlargement process will be affected by the crisis. In this context, the course will also examine the impact of the severe economic crisis facing Greece: Greece’s inability to continue to play the role of “regional leader” will undoubtedly have a negative effect on the countries of the region on many levels, including their attempts to join the EU.

COURSE OUTLINE

1. The European Union’s Balkan enlargement: the historical context 2. Europeanisation and the EU’s transformative power 3. The Economic and Institutional Integration of Southeast Europe 4. Enlargement Dynamics: understanding the Process

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5. EU accession of Bulgaria and Romania and prospects for the Western Balkans 6. EU Enlargement Strategy and Progress Seminar 2010 7. Democracy Promotion and Conditionality in Southeast Europe 8. Security Integration and Southeast Europe 9. European Integration as a Peace Project: the Case of Southeast Europe 10. The EU enlargement process: how will it be affected by the global economic crisis? 11. Enlarging to Turkey: the Ultimate Challenge? 12. EU in Southeast Europe, Southeast Europe in the EU: looking to the future

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY H. Grabbe, (2006) The EU’s Transformative Power: Europeanisation through Conditionality in

Central and Eastern Europe, Palgrave Studies in European Union Politics G. Pridham, (2005) Designing Democracy, EU Enlargement and Regime Change in Post Communist

Europe, New York: Palgrave Macmillan E. Pond, (2006) Endgame in the Balkans: Regime Change, European Style, Brookings Institution

Press D. Papadimitriou and D. Phinnemore, (2008) Romania and the European Union: from

Marginalisation to Membership, London and New York: Routledge M. Bogdani and J. Loughlin, (2007) Albania and the European Union: the Tumultuous Journey

towards Integration and Accession, London and New York: I.B. Tauris J. Deimel and W. van Meurs (eds), (2007) The Balkan Prism: a Retrospective by Policymakers and

Analysts, Munich: Verlag Otto Sagner M. Muftuler-Bac and Y. Stivachtis, (2008) Turkey-European Union Relations: Dilemmas,

Opportunities and Constraints, Lanham and Plymouth: Lexington Books F. Schimmelfennig and U. Sedelmeier, (2005) The Europeanisation of Central and Eastern Europe,

Cornell University Press K.E. Smith (2004) The Making of EU Foreign Policy: the Case of Eastern Europe (2nd Edition) New

York: St Martin’s Periodicals and Websites A wide range of material on the EU is available on-line, and students are encouraged to consult the official EU website (Gateway to the EU: http://europa.eu) as part of their weekly preparation and also for research purposes. Other websites with relevant material are http://euobserver.com and http://www.euractiv.com.en For enlargement issues: http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/ Reading daily/weekly newspapers and magazines is also recommended, particularly the Financial Times (http://www.ft.com), the International Herald Tribune (http://www.iht.com) and the Economist http://www.economist.com).

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SPRING SEMESTER

POLITICS AND SOCIETY

IN CONTEMPORARY SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

www.msnbc.msn.com/id/23307334

INSTRUCTOR: Dimitris Sotiropoulos, Associate Professor, University of Athens

COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course investigates major aspects of the contemporary political, economic and social developments in South-Eastern Europe (SEE), covering roughly the era from the end of the Second World War until today, but with special emphasis on the post-communist period. Its central thematic focus is on the process of post-communist democratization, viewed both in the light of the theoretical literature and in comparative perspective. The course aims to promote an understanding of the principal issues of the region’s current political, economic and social conditions.

COURSE OUTLINE 1. The Legacy of the Authoritarian and Pre-authoritarian Past 2. Theoretical Debates on Democratisation: Transition, Consolidation, Quality of Democracy 3. Democratic Transition: SEE in Comparative Perspective 4. Different Paths to Democracy: Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Yugoslavia 5. The Evolution of Post-Communist Democratic Regimes in SEE 6. Political Parties and Party Systems in SEE 7. Political Parties and Democracy: SEE and CEEC Compared (Case Studies) 8. Civil Society and the State in Post-Communist SEE 9. The Southeast European Welfare State: Before and After Democratic Transition 10. Public Administration in SEE: Before and After Democratic Transition 11. Prospects for Democracy and Democratic Quality in SEE

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SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

S. Woodward, (1995), Balkan Tragedy: Chaos & Dissolution after the Cold War, Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.

R.J. Crampton (2002), The Balkans since the Second World War, Harlow, Essex: Pearson Education.

N.P. Diamandouros and S. F. Larrabee (2000), “Democratization in South-Eastern Europe: Theoretical Considerations and Evolving Trends” in G. PRIDHAM and T. Gallagher, eds., Experimenting with Democracy: Regime Change in the Balkans, London: Routledge.

M. Kaldor and IV. Vejvoda (2002) eds., Democratization in Central and Eastern Europe, London: Continuum. J. J. Linz and A. Stepan (1996), Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern

Europe, South America and Post-communist Europe, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.

J. D.Nagle and AL. Mahr (1999) eds., Democratization in Eastern Europe, London: Sage, 1999. G. Pridham (2000), “Democratization in the Balkan Countries: From Theory to Practice” in

G. Pridham and T. Gallagher, eds., Experimenting with Democracy: Regime Change in the Balkans, London: Routledge.

M. Rimanelli (1999) ed., Comparative Democratization and Peaceful Change in Single-Party Dominant Countries, London: St. Martin’s Press.

Dimitri A. Sotiropoulos, and Th. Veremis (2002), eds., Is South-Eastern Europe Doomed to Instability? A Regional Perspective, London: Frank Cass.

G. Pridham (1995), ed, Transitions to Democracy, Dartmouth Aldershot.

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SOURCES OF CONFLICT IN SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE

Europe Photo: CORBIS satolo.wordpress.com

INSTRUCTOR: Ioannis Armakolas, Lecturer, University of Macedonia COURSE DESCRIPTION

The aim of the course is to provide an overview of diverse social and political trends pointing towards cooperation or conflict in contemporary South East Europe (SEE). Based on the historical specificities of the region and set against the backdrop of the traumatic first post-Communist decade, the course will elaborate on trends and events at the local, national and regional level. Analysing both the elite and the grass root levels and particularly interested in their interplay, the course will employ multiple teaching methodologies and approaches. Spanning disciplinary fields from political science, sociology and international relations to conflict studies, anthropology and cultural studies, the course will avoid providing students with a set of fixed disciplinary knowledge. Rather the course is intended to provide plentiful ‘food for thought’ on actors, structures and processes in contemporary SEE. It will encourage students to seek their own understanding of contemporary SEE and to think ‘creatively’ about the Balkan societies, their characteristics, strengths, weaknesses and prospects.

COURSE OUTLINE

1. Introduction: Course objectives and methodology, student assessment, requirements. 2. The legacy of war and violence in SEE: the Yugoslav wars and their consequences. 3. The nature of violence in the Balkans. 4. Inter-ethnic relations and the Balkan neighbourhood: Komšiluk revisited. 5. Displacement, forced migration, return; War-affected groups and their political role. 6. SEE: From a Zone of Conflict to a Zone of Peace? Factors of Continuity and Change. 7. Peace-building and state-building after the Yugoslav wars. 8. Transitional justice and reconciliation in post-authoritarian and post-conflict SEE. 9. The politics of symbol; Memory, cultural heritage and war; Art and the legacy of war in

SEE. 10. Religion and conflict; Political Islam and Islamist radicalism. 11. Border disputes in the post-Yugoslav era; Unconventional threats in SEE. 12. Concluding thoughts and recap.

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SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY R. Belloni (2007), State Building and International Intervention in Bosnia, London, Routledge T. Bringa (1995) Being Muslim the Bosnian Way, Princeton, Princeton University Press V.P. Gagnon Jr. (2004), The Myth of Ethnic War: Serbia and Croatia in the 1990s, Ithaca, Cornell

University Press P. Hazan (2004), Justice in a Time of War: The True Story Behind the International Criminal

Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, College Station, Texas A&M University Press P. Kolsto (ed.) (2005), Myths and Boundaries in South-Eastern Europe, London, Hurst J. Pettifer and Miranda Vickers (2009), The Albanian Question: Reshaping the Balkans, London,

I.B. Tauris N. Popov (ed.) (1996), The Road to War in Serbia: Trauma and Catharsis, Budapest, Central

European University Press J. Subotic (2009), Hijacked Justice: Dealing with the Past in the Balkans, Ithaca, Cornell University

Press S. Woodward, (1995), Balkan Tragedy: Chaos and Dissolution after the Cold War, Washington,

DC: The Brookings Institution

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THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF TRANSITION: THE CASE OF SEE

INSTRUCTOR: George Stubos, Bank of Greece

COURSE DESCRIPTION This course intends to review, analyze, and critically assess the transition process of Balkan economies and societies from 1989 to the present. During the first part of the course students will get the opportunity to gain a better understanding of the organization, operation, and performance of the “command economy” system which prevailed in the economies of eastern Europe from the 1940s to 1989. It will be argued that the means and methods used by the system to solve production and distribution problems gave rise to serious dysfunctions that eventually led to its collapse. During the second part of the course students will focus on the logic, magnitude, scope and nature of the transition process which has led Balkan economies from a command to a market model. Policies such as privatization, price liberalization, democratization, as well as the reform of state institutions and their functions will be studied in depth. Given the fact, however, that the transition process is neither uniform nor homogeneous, the historic specificity of each country’s experience will be given special attention. The current global crisis will be also addressed in relation to the growth prospects and economic viability of these countries. Finally, the course will address in a rather general way, the aspects of regional cooperation and integration as well as the efforts of all Balkan transition economies to complete their European Union trajectory and to comply fully with all conditions that EU accession requires.

COURSE OUTLINE

1. The Legacy of the Command Economy 2. Bella Balassa’s Success Criteria 3. 1989 – 1993: The Breakdown Years 4. 1993 – 1998: The Transition Crisis

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5. 1998 – 2010: Reconstruction and Growth 6. The Role of FDI 7. Public Finances 8. Institutional Reforms 9. Banking Sector Developments 10. Regional Economic Cooperation 11. The Global Crisis and the Economic Challenges Ahead 12. The EU Trajectory

SELECTED BASIC BIBLIOGRAPHY

Besides the course kit of approximately 20 articles, which will be available at the beginning of the semester, it is strongly recommended that students are regularly exposed to the literature (including website materials) on transition economies published by :

the EBRD (annual report) the World Bank and the IMF country reports the OECD reports the WIIW publications (Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies) Previous and current issues of: The Economics of Transition Journal (Oxford University Press) The Eastern European Economics Journal (M.E. Sharpe) The Journal of South East European and Black Sea Studies (Routledge Press)