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![Page 1: Programmable networks Andrew T. Campbell Wireless Media Systems Comet Group Center for Telecommunications Research Columbia University campbell](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070407/56649e115503460f94afda05/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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Andrew T. CampbellWireless Media Systems
Comet GroupCenter for Telecommunications Research
Columbia Universityhttp://comet.ctr.columbia.edu/~campbell/
Programmable broadband, Internet and mobile nets
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net state
signaling transport
management
making networks more programmable
QOS control
distributed systemstechnology
broadband kernel
programmable nets
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• motivation– to facilitiate the easy creation and introduction of
new multimedia services with end-to-end QOS guarantees into broadband networks
• concepts– “open programming networking” environment
– what do we by open?
– what do we mean by programmable?
– QOS explicitly modeled and programmable
– broadband kernel service
– multimedia services use broadband kernel
What is a broadband kernel?
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services and applications networkbroadband kernel services
binding interface base (BIB)
broadband (ATM)
QOS abstractions
service abstractions
NG Internet mobile networks
deg
ree
of p
rogr
amm
abili
ty
QOS abstractions
programming model
programming model
mid
dle
war
e la
yer
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Cap
sule
s-ba
sed
radicalmoderateConservative
Broadbandkernel
Active networks
-new services with QOS
-signal and data separate
-CORBA-based -inject customized code into nodes
-signal and data integrated
Sw
itchl
ets-
base
d
-accelerate introduction of new service, protocols, etc.
xbindmobiware
Mob
ile c
ode-
base
d
Obj
ects
-bas
ed
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• xbind broadband kernel project (Lazar)– broadband kernel
– focus: ATM networks
• mobiware project (Campbell)– QOS-aware middleware for mobile multimedia
networking
– focus: QOS in next generation mobile Internet
ProNet projects at Columbia
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– programmable ATM switches/routers
– mobile capable switches/routers
– base stations, and mobile and fixed devices
– programmable multimedia devices
• transports– native ATM transport
– active and adaptive transport
approach
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ClientApplication
ObjectImplementation
BIBBIB
CORBA
IP
Physical
CORBA-based Signaling
programmability
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Source Destination
Connection Manager Router
Topology File
xbind: connection management
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source
Destination
node server
Node Server
Node Server
programmable connection managementconnection manager
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CTRFore ASX-100
IP SwitchNEC Model 5
CTRATML Virata 1
PentiumBase-stations
Virtual switchVirtual switch
qGSMPqGSMP qGSMPqGSMPqGSMPqGSMPGSMPGSMP
Virtual switchVirtual switchVirtual switchVirtual switch Virtual basestationVirtual basestation
programming network nodes
xbind/mobiware xbind/mobiware
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Buf
fer
Man
ager
Scheduler
In port/vpi/vci -> Out port/vpi/vci
Multiplexer
Multiplexer
Multiplexer
vitural switch Schedulable RegionEstimators
programming explicit switch QOS
qGSMP
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virtual switch object idl
interface VirtualLink: MediaTransporter{
void setSchedulableRegion(in short dimension, in short nbHyperplanes, in intArray coefficients) raises (Reject);
void setSchedulingPolicy(in short nbClasses, in short schedulerType, in shortArray schedulerParams) raises (Reject);
void getSchedulingPolicy(out short nbClasses, out short schedulerType, out shortArray schedulerParams) raises (Reject);
void setBufMgmtPolicy(in short nbClasses, in short clsToBufMap, in shortArray bufferMasks, in shortArray thresholds) raises (Reject); void getBufMgmtPolicy(out short nbClasses, out short clsToBufMap, out shortArray bufferMasks, out shortArray thresholds) raises (Reject);
void setTrafficDescriptors(in short nbClasses, in shortArray classMask, in shortArray classParameters) raises (Reject);
void setQOSConstraints(in short nbClasses, in shortArray classMask, in shortArray classParameters) void getEstimator(out short updateThreshold, out short type, out shortArray parameters) raises (Reject);};
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ks • Resource Reservation• Transport Selection and Binding• Management Binding
multimedia services creation
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Switch Teleconference
Device Manager
Connection Manager
Route
QOSMapper
Transport Controller
TP
Route Manager
TP
Camera
Display
services programming
Broadband kernel services
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Computer CenterFore ASX-200
NYNEX
CTRNEC Model 5
SUN Solaris 2.5
SUN Solaris 2.5
HP 9000sCTRATML Virata 1
CTRScorpio Stinger 1
HP 9000s
SUN Solaris 2.4
PC
Columbia Columbia Video Video
NetworkNetwork
////
PC
HP 9000s
Sun Solaris 2.3
CTRFore ASX-100
programmable testbed
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Fore ASX-100 NEC Model 5 ATML Virata 1
GSMPNEC APIFore API
NodeServer NodeServer NodeServer
SunOS/Solaris,Windows NT/95,HP-UX
Device Manager
qStack
kStack
ipStack
NodeServer
Camera
Connection ManagerRouter
QOS Mapper
Teleconference Manager
Transport Controller
VPN Manager
Display
SpeakerMicrophone
xbind Platform
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Virtual Link
Virtual Link
Virtual Link
VirtualSwitch
VirtualCPU
switch/router
Workstation/PC
NodeServerqGSMP
End-to-end QOS Programmability
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kshttp://comet.ctr.columbia.edu/wireless
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Transport
End-to-EndQoS
Mobility
End-to-EndQoS
Transport Mobility
mobiware
distributed system technology(Corba, xbind, Java)
Next generation mobile Internet
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Adaptive & Active Transport
Active Transport Objects (ATOs)
wireline/wireless packet networks
adaptive multimedia applications with controlled QOS
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• QOS controlled handoff signaling protocol• programmable transport (a-trane)
– mobile code put where it is needed
– active filters provide media scaling
– adaptive error control (FEC/ARQ hybrid)
• new adaptive service for air-interface• programmable feature
– handoff signaling
– network service (controlled load, adaptive, ABR)
– programmable MAC support
– programmable beacon (quality, SNR, QOS)
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• mobile soft-state• connection groups• per mobile logical anchor points• programmable features
– mobile soft-state (on/off)
– mobile/ network initiated
– forward/backward
– soft/hard
– connection groups (on/off)
QOS controlled handoff
RAPRAP
QRPQRP
CGCG
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• represents flows as multi-layer streams
• base layer hard QOS
• enhancement layer soft QOS
• clients periodic probe for
more resources
RAPRAP
QRPQRP
resvadpt
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• highly programmable object-based transport• transport algorithms represented as java classes• active transport objects (ATOs)
– mobile code
– executes in mobile capable switches, base-station and devices
Active and adaptive transport
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RAPRAP
Handoffset-up
Soft-statetimeout
Soft-statetimeout
COSCOSQRPQRP
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BS: Cymbal-air Voice-airNWID: 02 00 01 00Signal Level: 18 25SNR: 10 20QOS 1000 500
WaveLANMonitor
Signaling
Air Interface
Air Interface
Cymbal-air Voice-air
BS 1 Mobile BS 2
beacon
beacon
Sign_on_req
Sign_on_ack
Programmable beaconing
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virtual mobile device object idl
// mobile_device.idl//interface MobileDevice : NodeServer {
// initiate the location of Core and connManager void initiate(in string<40> cmName) raises(Reject);
// register with the current basestation void mobileRegister(in long cgi, inout EndPoint bs) raises(Reject);
// conn setup from the current base station to the network, called by mobile void mobileConnSetup(inout QOSSpecification qosSpec, inout EndPoint host_A, in string<40> coreName) raises(Reject);
// handoff setup from the current base station to the network, called by mobile void handoffSetup(inout QOSSpecList qosSpec,inout SourceList, srcnamelist, inout EndPointList destlist) raises(Reject);
// refresh a soft-state connection group through the current // base station to the network
void refreshCG(in Direction dir) raises(Reject);};
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RAPRAPCOSCOS
QRP
Media scaling during handoff
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RAPRAP
COSCOS
New QRP
Inter domain handoff and adaptive error control
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RAPRAP
COSCOS
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nodeServer
routeServerconnectionManager
nodeServer
virtualBS
handoffSetup()refreshCG()
connSetup()refreshCG()
virtualBS
virtualMDhandoff Initiation()
locateCOS()locateQRP()locateRAP()
Mobiware testbed
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• ATM network with Fore, NEC, ATML and Scorpio switches
• air interface: WaveLAN with prog device API
• mobile device: laptop (Windows NT), initiate
handoff based on signal strength and QOS
• base station: PC (Windows NT), send beacons • data : WaveLAN MAC <-> AAL5 <-> ATM • signalling : xbind <-> Corba <-> IP <-> ATM• location management : OrbixName
Implementation
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Media Selector Filter
Media Selector with hand-off
Adaptive network service
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Dynamic Rate Shaping Filter
“drs” at 300 Kbits/sec “drs” at 200 Kbits/sec
Media scaling ATO
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Dynamic Rate Shaping Filter
The effect of “drs” on picture size (Kbytes)
DCT dropping
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Active filters
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measured delay handoffsoft-staterefresh
per-nodesoft-stateteardown
hard-stateteardown
mean (msec) 153 18 12 132
95 percentileconfidence interval
(125 , 181) (16 , 20) (10 , 15) (129 , 158)
– handoff delay
– soft-state refresh delay
– per node soft-state teardown delay
– hard-state teardown delay
Some handoff results
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publications– xbind
• http://comet.ctr.columbia.edu/xbind/• Lazar, A.A., Lim, K.S. and Marconcini, F., ``Realizing a Foundation for
Programmability of ATM Networks with the Binding Architecture,'' IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Special Issue on Distributed Multimedia Systems,
– mobiware • http://comet.ctr.columbia.edu/wireless/• Campbell A.T., "Mobiware: QOS-Aware Middleware for Mobile Multimedia
Networking,” Proc. IFIP 7th International Conference on High Performance Networking, White Plains, New York, April 1997
• software– http://comet.ctr.columbia.edu/software/
Publications and Software
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and mobile networks, San Francisco, CA, April 3-4,
1998 October 6-7, 1997, • http://comet.ctr.columbia.edu/openarch
– IEEE OPENARCH’98 on Open Architecture and Network Programmability, April
• http://comet.ctr.columbia.edu/openarch
OPENSIG and IEEE OPENARCH’98
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• Programmable networks will revolutionize – the way new network services are offered
• Conservative approach is more acceptable – to telecommunications industry but still seen as
radical departure
• Extreme programming – (i.e., capsule-based) provides the most flexible but
lacks application
• Programmable mobile networking• Content-based networking
Concluding remarks